Driving Tomorrow’s fuel today Efficient hydrogen fueling ...

Making our world more productive

Driving Tomorrow’s fuel today

Efficient hydrogen fueling technology by Linde

April 2021

Patrick ToparInternational Sales & Market Development

2

Agenda.

1. From source to service: hydrogen at Linde

2. Ionic Compressor & Cryo Pump: ground-breaking technologies

3. Tomorrow’s fuel today: H2 refueling solutions by Linde

3

The hydrogen future is here now

Linde covers the entire hydrogen value chain

4/16/2021

Production Processing Storage & Distribution Applications

− SMR

− Electrolysis

− Gasification

− CCUS technologies

− Purification

− Liquification

− (De-) Hydrogenation

− Recycling

− Pipeline

− Bulk

− Cavern

− Refueling

− Combustion & heating

− Compression

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About Linde Hydrogen FuelTech GmbH

Solutions and services to enable H2 mobility projects worldwide

4/16/2021

About Linde Hydrogen FuelTech Recent hydrogen mobility projects by Linde

Experience: +15 years of technology development

Products: H2-refueling systems (HRS) & services

Scope of work: Development of key components, process & system

design, manufacturing, installation & commissioning, after sales

services

Manufacturing Locations: Germany, Austria, China (op in 2021)

World’s 1st train HRS, startup 2021, 1.8

tpd, LNVG, GermanyWorld 1st HRS for cars with 4 fueling

positions, 1.2 tpd, First Element Fuel, USA

Underground HRS + Electrolyser, 0.8

tpd, Tank & Rast, Germany

First HRS for commercial vehicles, 1.4

tpd, Hyundai, S. Korea

7%

APAC

19%

74%EMEA

USA >190

Number of Linde HRS installed

5

Agenda.




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Delivery / H2-Trailer Electrolysis/ SMR

Compression

High Pressure Storage

Dispenser

(Low/ Med Pressure) Storage

Hydrogen refuelling – operations and schematics

7


Compression


Dispenser



Delivery or on-site production

• Delivery or onsite

production

• H2 quality suitable for

Fuel Cells (ISO 14687)

8


Compression


Dispenser


• GH2 or LH2 storage

• GH2 on various pressure

levels 5-30 MPa


Storage as liquid or gas on various pressure levels

9


Compression


Dispenser



Compression to 90 MPa and conditioning

• Compressor or cryogenic

pump

• No contamination of H2

• GH2: Only dry-running

piston or membrane

compressors used

• Outlet: 90 MPa

10


Compression


Dispenser



High pressure buffer storage for peak performance

• Buffer storage at 90 MPa

• Covers demand peaks

• Increases availability,

reduced compressor

operations

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Compression


Dispenser



Cooling and dispensing at 35 MPa or 700 MPa

• Filling standard SAE J2601 for 70 MPa up to 10

kg tank size

• 70 MPa @ -40°C; 35 MPa @ RT

• Avoid vehicle tank overfilling and overheating

(>85°C)

Vehicle

typeTank size

Tank

pressure

Consumpti

on per 100

km

Refueling

standard

Car 5-7 kg 70 MPa 1 kg SAE 2601

Bus 30-40 kg 35/70 MPa 4-6 kg tbd

Truck 30-40 kg 35/70 MPa 8 kg tbd

Train 180 kg 35 MPa 25-30 kg tbd

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Components: Product portfolio overview

Hydrogen Fueltech GmbH for hydrogen mobility

Ap

pli

cati

on

s

Buses Trains Trucks Material handling Light vehicles

Tech

no

log

y &

pro

du

ct p

ort

foli

o GH2 supply – Ionic Compressor LH2 supply – Cryo Pump

Ionic Compressor based hydrogen refueling stations

- Outlet pressures 500 or 900 bar

- Inlet pressure 5 – 200 bar

- Capacity 28 or 56 kg/hour

- Efficiency 1 – 3,3 kWh/kg

- Outlet pressures 500 or 900 bar

- Inlet pressure 2 – 2,5 bar

- Capacity 40 or 100 kg/hour

- Efficiency 1,3 – 1,5 kWh/kg

Cryo Pump based hydrogen refueling stations

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Agenda.




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In H2 mobility, two utilization profiles emerging

Network applications with need for high capacity and low footprint

Network

Network of H2 refueling stations for seamless mobility for Fuel

Cell Electric Vehicle (FCEV) passenger cars

+ In case of technology break-through

(successful customer value proposition),

high growth potential

− High upfront investment in

infrastructure necessary, with low

utilization rates initially (business

case challenge)

− Strong & continuous buy-in from

multiple players required (OEMs,

infrastructure & utility providers,

authorities)

Back-to-base

Buses, urban delivery trucks, intralogistics vehicles, taxis, car

fleets with regular routes & H2 refueling at a fix depot (base)

+ Upfront investment in infrastructure

limited to one (few) H2 station(s) at

central depot

+ High utilization and predictable H2

demand makes economic operations

easier

+ Strongly positive impact on urban

environment (local emission free,

noise reduction) already with first

project

− Vehicle availability and costs

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Standard solution for smaller but growing capacities

Highly efficient and reliable fueling solution that can grow with your demand

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Network station for markets where geographic coverage is key

- Linde H2 Station IC 90/30-S

- Primarily for European markets

- max. daily capacity: 450 kg (< 90 fuelings)

- footprint: 10 x 12,2 meter (32,8 x 40 ft.)

- Based on gaseous hydrogen (GH2)

- can be scaled up over time

- can be integrated into existing gasoline stations

- dual 700/700 bar dispenser,

- can be extended with 350 bar dispensing line

- on-site production via electrolysis possible

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Different approach: underground station

Linde hast built the world’s largest hydrogen station for cars

IC 90/30 compressor Examples of H2M stations by Linde

Between 2019 and today, we have installed…

− 16x IC 90/30-S for H2 Mobility Germany

− 5x IC 90 network stations in Korea

− 5x IC 90 network stations in UK (all with ELY by ITM)

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Standard solution for high capacity needs

Thanks to liquid hydrogen as supply mode, statins can be build very compacttoday

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Network station for markets where capacity key

- Linde H2 Station CP 90/100-XL

- for markets like California, Japan, or Korea

- max. daily capacity: 2.400 kg (< 400 fuelings)

- footprint: 15,1 x 7,8 meter (49,5 x 25,6 ft.)

- meets fast growing capacity demand

- can be integrated into existing stations

- dual 700/700 bar dispenser,

- can be extended with 350 bar dispensing line

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Example of Linde H2 Station CP 90/40-XL

Linde has built the first public Cryo Pump station in California

4/16/2021

Linde H2 Station CP 90/40-XL in Oakland, California

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Example of Linde H2 Station CP 90/40-XL

Linde has built the first public Cryo Pump station in California

4/16/2021

Linde H2 Station CP 90/40-XL in Oakland, California

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Example of Linde H2 Station IC 90/30-S

H2 refuelling station in residential area

4/16/2021

Linde H2 Station IC 90/30-S in Munich, Germany

40 kg/hour

on 37 m²

Retrofitting

of existing

station

Build in

residential

area

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Example of Linde H2 Station IC 90/30-S

H2 refuelling station in residential area

4/16/2021

Linde H2 Station IC 90/30-S in Munich, Germany

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Different approach: underground station

Linde hast built the world’s largest hydrogen station for cars

4/16/2021

Source: CEP

Underground station in Berlin, Germany

✓ 2x CP 90/100: fueling capacity of 2 *

100 kg/hour

✓ LH2 tank: 1,000 kg

The largest hydrogen

station in the world for

light FCEVs in terms of

pumping capacity

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In H2 mobility, two utilization profiles emerging

Back-to-base applications with need for high capacity and low footprint, too

Network

Network of H2 refueling stations for seamless mobility for Fuel

Cell Electric Vehicle (FCEV) passenger cars

+ In case of technology break-through

(successful customer value proposition),

high growth potential

− High upfront investment in

infrastructure necessary, with low

utilization rates initially (business

case challenge)

− Strong & continuous buy-in from

multiple players required (OEMs,

infrastructure & utility providers,

authorities)

Back-to-base

Buses, urban delivery trucks, intralogistics vehicles, taxis, car

fleets with regular routes & H2 refueling at a fix depot (base)

+ Upfront investment in infrastructure

limited to one (few) H2 station(s) at

central depot

+ High utilization and predictable H2

demand allowing for economically

attractive business cases

+ Strongly positive impact on urban

environment (local emission free,

noise reduction) already with first

project

− Vehicle availability and costs

23

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Case study 1

State-of-the-art hydrogen refueling station for buses with onsite production

The very first hydrogen refueling

station in South East Asia

Customer needs and requirements:

− To start: 2-3 fuel cell busses (350 bar)

− However: number of fuel cell buses should grow over time

− Redundancy needed (as usual in public transport sector)

− Hydrogen should be produced onsite by electrolysis

− Also 700 bar dispenser line for passenger car for flexibility

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Ionic Compressor based bus station with on-site production

Highly efficient, reliable and scalable

1.

2.

3.4.

1.

2.

3.

4.

Onsite electrolysis for green hydrogen

Low pressure buffer storage (95 m³ @ 45 bar)

4x medium pressure storage tubes (10,8 m³@ 500 bar)

Twin IC 90/60 (56 kg/hour)

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Ionic Compressor based bus station with on-site production

High end user convenience and safety

5.

Dual Dispenser 350 / 700 bar5.

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Case study 2

Highly efficient bus refueling station with trucked-in green hydrogen

Customer needs and requirements:

− To start: 8 fuel cell busses (350 bar)

− Redundancy needed (as usual in public transport sector)

− Green hydrogen should be phased in over time

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Centralised green hydrogen production for bus depot supply

Still the world‘s largest power-to-gas plant in operatin

1.

2.

4a.

3.

1.

2.

3.

4a

8 MW wind farm

6.3 MW peak electrolyzer stacks (each 2.1 MW)

Compressor for trailer filling

800 kg storage @ 50bar

4b. 4b Injection into local natural gas grid

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Ionic Compressor based bus station

Successively changing from grey to green hydrogen

6. 9.

8.

7.

5.

6.

7.

8.

GH2 trailer (200 bar) for trucking in hydrogen

Low pressure storage (95 m³ @ 45 bar)

TWIN IC60/60 (one IC 60 in operation, the other one for redundancy)

9x medium pressure storage tubes (10,8 m³@ 500 bar)

9. 350 bar dispenser

5.

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First of its kind: a passenger train fueling station

More hydrogen fueling stations in Europe are already planned.

4/16/2021

Concept passenger train fueling station

Station design concept

✓Currently built in northern Germany for 14 trains!

✓Fueling capacity: 1,800 kg/day (12 fuelings in 24 hours)

✓Core technology: 3x Twin IC 60 (40 kg/ hour each)

✓Total GH2 storage at site: 4.9 tons

✓2x 350 bar dispensing lines

✓Total footprint : 511 m² (~5,500 sqft)

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Patrick Topar, International Sales & Market Development, [email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

Driving Tomorrow’s fuel today Efficient hydrogen fueling ...

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