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DRILLING PRODUCTS DESCRIPTIVE

DEBRA BAC | TERRITORY SALES MANAGER

debra.bac@cetco.com | 847.212.0852

March 21, 2014

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CETCO INTRODUCTION

CETCO is a wholly-owned subsidiary of AMCOL International Corporation

About AMCOL

NYSE “ACO”

Founded in 1927

Operating in 26 Countries

2,200 Employees

Global Supply Chain

Serving Diverse Markets

Cosmetics, Well Drilling,

Pet Products, Metalcasting,

Oilfield Services, Transportation,

Detergents, Landfill lining

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WORLDWIDE CAPABILITY

More than 40 offices in 26 countries R&D Team

Degrees:

Bachelors : 35

Masters : 6

Ph.D.’s : 14

Disciplines:

Chemistry: 37

Biochemists: 4

Polymer science: 6

Colloid science: 5

Geologists: 3

Locations:

35 based in U.S.

12 based in Europe

8 based in Asia

Active patents:

103 US (60 CETCO)

350 World Patents

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CETCO DIVISIONS

Lining TechnologiesIndustry Leader in GCL’s

Expert Technical Staff

Value Engineering

Spec Review

Serving Landfill, Mining, Power,

Wastewater, and Civil/Highway markets

Remediation TechnologiesInnovative Programs

Land and Water Solutions

Environmental Expertise

Vapor Intrusion Barriers

Solidification/Stabilization

Serving Construction, NSF Liners, Water

Treatment, & Sediment Capping markets

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CETCO DIVISIONS

Building MaterialsCustom Fit Solutions

New and Remedial Construction

Active and Passive Waterproofing

Hydroshield Quality Assurance Program

Engineering Support

Serving Greenroof, Plaza Decks,

Foundation, & Parking Deck markets

Drilling ProductsThe Newest Solutions

Field Engineering Expertise

Cost Effective Solutions

Advanced Polymer Science

Bentonite Technology

Serving Environmental, Geothermal,

Horizontal, and Foundation drilling markets

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MARKETS SERVED

Non-Oil & Gas Drilling

Environmental Drilling

Foundation Drilling

Geotechnical Drilling

Geothermal Heat

Pump Grouting

Horizontal Directional

Drilling

Mining & Exploration

Monitoring Well

Drilling

Slurry Solidification

Slurry Walls

Waterwell

Abandonment

Waterwell Drilling

Waterwell Grouting

Waterwell

Rehabilitation

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WYOMING SODIUM BENTONITE: ITS ORIGIN

Large volumes in western U.S.

Bighorn Basin

Formed during Cretaceous Period

Formed by volcanic ash

Inland sea

Most bentonite companies have

mining operations in this region

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Bentonite

Overburden

Subsoil

Topsoil

BENTONITE MINING

Mining of bentonite is performed at the surface

Bentonite reserves are located below the

overburden and range from 2-7 feet thick

AMCOL uses a mining process known as

backcasting where reclamation is concurrently

done by using the overburden and soils from

subsequent pits to fill the ones before them

By using this approach, the mine is reclaimed

as quickly as possible and “livespreading” the

topsoil provides the best seed-bed possible

Once the bentonite is exposed and cleaned,

further testing is done to confirm the grade

Often bentonite is field dried to save energy

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BENTONITE MINING

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100 TON HAUL WAGONSTRANSPORT THE BENTONITE

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PROCESSING FACILITIES

Once the quality of the bentonite has been

confirmed it is transported to processing facilities

COLONY, WYBELLE FOURCHE, SD

LOVELL, WY

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MANUFACTURING PLANTLOVELL, WY

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WYOMING SODIUM BENTONITE

High swelling clay

Ability to adsorb large quantities of water

Composed of many stacks of platelets like a stack of cards

Expands up to 20 times its volume

One inch3 covers 66 football fields

One inch high contains between 35,000-40,000 layers (stresses good mixing)

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CALCIUM BENTONITE & OTHER SODIUM BENTONITES

Calcium bentonite is found all over the world southeastern US

Calcium bentonites are not the high swelling type, low swelling

Due to the needle like structure, calcium bentonite does notprovide gel strength and fluid-loss control. No sealing

Calcium bentonite is used as floor sweep and oil dry products

Bentonite found in southwestern US is not as pure as the bentonite beds found in Wyoming and Montana. They can contain other minerals such as gypsym

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OTHER SOURCES OF BENTONITE

Low swelling sodium/calcium bentonite

California

Oregon

Utah

Texas

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Granular Products Dry Versus 48 Hour Swell in DI Water

COMPARISON WYOMING BENTONITE WITH OREGON

BENTONITE

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CALCIUM BENTONITE SODIUM BENTONITE

http://water.unsw.edu.au/site/research/biogeochemical-

processes/biogeochemical-processes-projects/radionuclide-waste-

containment/

http://www.dispersions-

pigments.basf.com/portal/basf/ien/dt.jsp?setCursor=1_554023

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DRILLING PRODUCTS & SERVICES

Drilling Fluids

Grouts

Sealants

Polymers

Foams & Additives

Well Rehabilitation Products

On-Site Engineering

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DRILLING FLUIDS

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EXTRA HELP WITH FLUID LOSS IN UNCONSOLIDATED

FORMATIONS

Increased Fluid Loss Control

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BARREL YIELD

Describes the number of barrels of a given viscosity bentonite slurry that can be made from a 1 ton of clay

SUPER GEL-X or VELOXITY-PRO High Yield Bentonite = 200-230 bbls

HYDRAUL-EZ HDD specialty bentonite = 165-185 bbls

PREMIUM GEL or PUREGOLD GEL API grade = 90 bbls

Examples

215 bbls x 42 gal = 9,030 gallons of slurry

185 bbls x 42 gal = 7,770 gallons of slurry

90 bbls x 42 gal = 3,780 gallons of slurry

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POLYMERS AND ADDITIVES

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THREE BASIC TYPES OF POLYMERS

Synthetic Polymer

INSTA-VIS PLUSINSTA-VIS DRYACCU-VIS

Modified Natural Polymer

REL-PACREL-PAC XTRA-LOWSUPER PACSUPER PAC XTRA-LOW

Natural Polymers

SUSPEND-ITPUREGOLD CLEANDRILLVARIFLO QD

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IMPORTANT ADDITIVES

DRILL-TERGE

CLAY CUTTER

CLAY CUTTER DRY

SUPER THIN

CETCO JOINT COMPOUND

PUREGOLD LUBE

MAGMA FIBER

MULTI-SEAL

MACRO-FILL

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WHY USE POLYMERS & ADDITIVES?

To enhance desired qualities of SUPER GEL-X or VELOXITY-

PRO drilling fluids

To adjust drilling fluids to soil conditions

To increase efficiency in drilling operations and increase

overall profits for drilling contractors

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FINE TO MEDIUM SAND

SUPER GEL-X and

REL-PAC XTRA-LOW

Drilling Fluid

MINIMAL Fluid Loss

Water or drilling fluid

with poor fluid loss

HIGH Fluid Loss

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GROUTS & SEALANTS

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GROUTS & SEALANTS

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GROUTING & SEALING - PURPOSE

To seal the annulus between the borehole and the well casing

To provide a low-permeability seal that will prevent the mixing of aquifers

To prevent the vertical migration of surface water

Sealing MaterialsUsed in conjunction with grout Used as a hole abandonment material

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GEOTHERMAL GROUTS

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CETCO ONLINE PRODUCT USAGE CALCULATORS

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The information contained herein supersedes all previous versions, and is believed to be

accurate and reliable. For the most up-to-date information, please visit www.CETCO.com.

CETCO accepts no responsibility for the results obtained through application of this

information. CETCO reserves the right to update information without notice.

REV 4-2014