drilling fluids and its rheology
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Transcript of drilling fluids and its rheology
VOCATIONAL TRAINING SEMINAR BY :SHIKHA THAPA BTECH FINAL YEAR CHEMICAL ENGINEERING INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGYGURU GHASI DAS UNIVERSITYTRAINING TAKEN AT ONGC ACADEMY,DEHRADUN2015 PROJECT CO-ORDINATORDR. R.K. MITTAL CHIEF GEOCHEMIST ONGC ACADEMY, DEHRADUN
TOPIC:DRILLING FLUIDS
About ongc What is drilling fluids? Complete process of circulation of d/fluids Functions Categories Selection criteria Properties of d/fluid
Content
HISTORY Set up under the leadership of Pandit Jawaharlal
Nehru Pandit Nehru reposed faith in Shri Keshav Deva
Malviya who laid the foundation of ONGC in the form of Oil and Gas division, under Geological Survey of India, in 1955.
INTRODUCTION
Oil and natural
gas directorat
e
Oil and natural
gas commissi
on 1956
Converted to
Corporation
1994
Crowned as
navratna 1997
Then maharatna 2010
ONGC is an multinational company with headquarters in dehradun .psu under the oil and natural gas ministry
72% contribution to India’s total production of crude oil and 48% of natural gas. ONGC has established more than 7 Billion Tones of in-place hydrocarbon reserves in the country.
produces more than 1.27 million Barrels of Oil Equivalent (BOE) per day.
It also contributes over three million tons per annum of Value-Added-Products including LPG, C2 - C3, Naphtha, MS, HSD, Aviation Fuel, SKO etc.
About ONGC
68.94% equity stake
Operating 26 sedimentary basins and 11000km pipeline .
International subsidy ongc videsh doing projects in more than 20 countries
discovered 6 of the 7 commercially producing oil basins.
About ONGC cont…
Chemical decay
microorganism
Time
Crude oil
Drilling fluid is used to aid the drilling of boreholes into the earth. Often used while drilling oil and natural gas wells and on exploration drilling rigs
What is Drilling fluids ??
Remove cutting from wells Suspend and release cutting Control formation pressure Seal permeable formations Maintain wellbore stability Minimizing formation damage Cool, lubricate and support the bit and drilling assembly Transmit hydraulic energy to tools and bit Ensure adequate formation evaluation Control corrosion(acceptance level) Facilitate cementing and completion Minimize environment effect
Functions of drilling fluids
Categories of d/f
DrillingFluids
Water based mud
Dispersed
Non dispersed
Oil based mud
Synthetic based mud
Pneumatic drilling fluids
Air or gas only Foam
Additives of water based drilling fluids Viscofiers and filtration loss reducers Bentonite,attapulgite clays,asbestos,CMC etc. Weighting material Calcium carbonate, barytes, hematite, galena etc. SaltsNaCl, KCl, CaCl2 Thinners Chrome lignosulphonate, cutch, modified tannins etc. Chemicals for pH controlCaustic soda, lime, soda ash etc Other chemicals PHPA, sulphonated asphalt,drilling detergent etc.
Composition of a typical bentonite gel water based mud ,density 1300kg/m3. Components added to 1 barrel of water : (bbl=barrel, ppb=pounds per barrel); CMC :(carboxymethylcellulose)
composition
Quantity Mass(kg) Volume (L)
%mass %volume
Water 1bbl 159 1588.99 65.33 84.92
Bentonite 20ppb 9.1 9.07 3.73 4.87
Caustic soda
0.5ppb 0.23 0.22 0.9 0.12
Soda ash 0.5ppb 0.23 0.10 0.9 0.5
High viscosity cmc
1.5ppb 0.68 0.47 0.28 0.25
Low viscosity cmc
3.5ppb 1.59 1.09 0.65 0.98
Barite 160ppb 72.58 17.28 29.82 9.23
Formation pressure Formation temperature Lithology Connate water encountered during drilling Availability of soft water Economics
Selection criteria for D/fluids
Density(specific gravity):mud density is used for providing hydrostatic pressure to control well for drilling
Viscosity define as internal resistance to fluid flowo Funnel viscosity : it is time , in seconds for one quartz of mud flow through a
marsh funnel which has a capacity of 946 cm3.o Plastic viscosity: plastic viscosity is derived from the 600 rpm reading minus
the 300 rpm reading and PV is in centipoise . A low PV of mud is capable of drilling rapidly.
Yield point :physical meaning is the resistance to initial flow or the stress required starting fluid movement. Calculated from 300rpm-600rpm viscometer dial reading by subtracting PV from the 300 rpm dial . Its the ability to lift cutting .
Filtration loss :it determines the rate at which the fluid is forced from the filter press containing the mud sample under specified conditions of pressure and time
Ph :this value tells the acid of drilling fluids Gel strength: The gel strength is the shear stress of drilling mud that is
measured at low shear rate after the drilling mud is static for a certain period of time . its is the ability of fluid to suspend fluid while mud is in static condition.
Properties of drilling fluid
Rheology of drilling fluids
Questionnaire!!!!
Thank you FOR YOUR COOPERATION