Drilling Bit Ppt

8/9/2019 Drilling Bit Ppt

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Drilling BitsDrilling Bits

DRILLING ENGINEERINGDRILLING ENGINEERING


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Rotary Drilling

The action ofrotating the drillbit with the

application ofpumping uid(Mud) through thedrill string, drill

bit, and annularto removecuttings.


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3

very old drilling technique

(applied more than 2000 years ago

by the Chinese)

Principles of Drilling Techniques Percussion Cabel Tool Drilling

Phase 1:Rock Drillingfree falling bit stries the bottom

!ith a heavy blo! " repeated

lifting and dropping maes the bit

drill

Phase 2:Removal of Cuttings

interruption of drilling to remove

cuttings by bailing

Phase Technique

(iscontinuous!


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Rotary Drill #it

$

Purpose of this chapter is to know about selection andoperation of drill bits.

Topics of InterestTopics of InterestVarious bit types available (classification).Criteria for the selection for the best bit for a givensituation.Standard methods for evaluating dull bite.

Factors affecting bit wear and drilling speed.ptimi!ation of bit weight and rotary speed


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Drill#its

%i&ed

Cutter

Roller

Cone

'ill

ooth

DiamondFishtail C

"oller#earin

g

$ournal#earing

*DC

T"pes of #itsT"pes of #its


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+


%. &rag #its' Consist of fied cutter bladesthat are integral with the body of the bit androtate as a unit with the drill string (%thcentury).

*. "olling Cutter #its' (%+) have two ormore cones containing the cutting elements

which rotate about the ais of the cone as thebit is rotated at the bottom of the hole


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Drill#its

%i&ed

Cutter

Roller

Cone

'ill

ooth

DiamondFishtail C

"oller#earin

g

$ournal#earing

*DC



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,

Drag #its

Drag bitsdrill by physically -plo!ing. or

-machining. cuttings from the bottom of

the hole/


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Drill#its

%i&ed

CutterRoller

Cone

'ill

ooth

DiamondFishtail C

"oller#earin

g

$ournal#earing

*DC



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Cuttinglements

" atural

Diamond

i4e and number of

diamonds5 depend on the

hardness of the formation/

%or hard formations6 many

small stones (0/0780/129

carat)

%or soft formations6 fe!

large stones (0/7982/0carat)


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$atural Diamons

he si4e and spacing of diamonds on a

bit determine its use/

:6 :ne carat ; 200 mg precious stones


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$atural Diamons

289 carats8 !idely spaced diamondsare used for drilling softformations such as

soft sand and shale

1


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1$

,arger diamonds

Fewer diamonds

Pointed nose

Soft Formation &iamond bit -ard Formation &iamond bit

Smaller diamonds

ore diamonds

Flatter nose


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Drill#its

%i&ed

CutterRoller

Cone

'ill

ooth

DiamondFishtail C

"oller#earin

g

$ournal#earing

*DC



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%/ mm

% mm11 mm

1& mm1' mm

Cutting elements8*DC


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Drill#its

%i&ed

CutterRoller

Cone

'ill

ooth

DiamondFishtail C

"oller#earin

g

$ournal#earing

*DC

Types of BitsTypes of Bits


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1

Roller bit elements pic


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Drill#its

%i&ed

CutterRoller

Cone

'ill

ooth

DiamondFishtail C

"oller#earin

g

$ournal#earing

*DC


C i l


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= Tungsten Carbide Inserts

Cutting elements8nserts


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Drill#its

%i&ed

CutterRoller

Cone

'ill

ooth

DiamondFishtail C

"oller#earin

g

$ournal#earing

*DC

ille )insert*Roller bearingille )insert*Roller bearing


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Drill#its

%i&ed

CutterRoller

Cone

'ill

ooth

DiamondFishtail C

"oller#earin

g

$ournal#earing

*DC

ille )insert*+ournel bearingille )insert*+ournel bearing


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%ailure

FailureMechanisms

'echanisms

*DC #C:>

:>

?@R

A

= ShearFailure

CompressiveFailure

R:BBR C:

#CYCLIC

COMPRESSION


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Drilling

'echanisms

= CompressiveFailure


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Drilling

'echanisms

= Shear Failure

*DC #C:>

:>?@R

A

Courtesy

of #its and?olemaing*'


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Drilling

'echanisms

vs#it

ype

Gouging & Scraping Mill Tooth

Chipping and Crushing Insert

Shearing PC

Ploughing !atural iamond

Grinding Impregnated iamond

Sof t Formations w ith,ow Compressive

Medium to Medium

0ard Formations


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"#$GFeatures

Available(Optional)

Cutting Structure Series Cutting StructureType (1 to 4)

# refers to the softest

formation in a

particular Series and% refers to the hardest

formation ithin the

Series

Bearing/auge!escription

'ppl(

L

8-1/2 EHP

51W

ToothInsert

A ) 'ir 'pplication

B ) Special *earing Seal

C ) Center +et

D ) eviation Control

E ) ,-tended !o..les

G

) Gauge/*odyProtection

H ) 0ori.ontal Steering

J ) +et eflection

) 1ug Pads

M ) Motor 'pplication

S ) Standard Steel Tooth

T ) To Cone *it

) ,nhanced Cutting

Structure

X ) Predominantly Chisel

Y ) Conical Tooth Insert

Z ) 2ther Shape Insert

Standard

3oller

*earing#

3oller

*earing 'ir

Cooled4

3oller

*earing

Gauge

Protected

5

Sealed

3oller

*earing%

Sealed

3oller *rg)

Gauge

Protected

"

Sealed

Friction

*earing

6

Sealed

Frction *rg

Gauge

Protected

$

ST,,1

T22T0

*ITS

,ow Compressive

Strength and -igh

&rillability

#

0ard Formations

ith

0igh Compressive

Strength

4

0ard Semi)'brasive

and 'brasive

Formations

5

I!S,3T

*ITS

Sof t Formations

ith

1o Compressive

Strength and 0igh

rillability

%

Sof t to Medium

Formations ith 1o

Compressive Strength"

Medium 0ard

Formations ith 0igh

Compressive Strength

60ard Semi)'brasive

and 'brasive

Formations$

,-tremely 0ard and

'brasive Formations 7


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@DC

CodesTooth

#)#Soft

#)5

4)#0ard

#

4

5


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Tooth

Soft %)#

Insert

7)50ard

%

"

6

$

7

#

4

5


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@DC

CodesTooth PC

Soft

Inser

t

iamond

0ard

#its and?olemaing*'

%

"

6

$

7

#

4

5


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Drilling Bit Ppt

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