Dream BIG Aim HIGH NO Excuses. ACT Reading Section I: Introduction.
-
Upload
donna-robertson -
Category
Documents
-
view
217 -
download
0
Transcript of Dream BIG Aim HIGH NO Excuses. ACT Reading Section I: Introduction.
Reading vs. Reading
Think about the difference between ACT reading comprehension and reading in English classes
On the ACT, you NEVER need to remember what you read!
Remember, you only get points for answering questions, not understanding the passage!
Common SAT Reading Mistakes
Most students spend TOO much time on the passage and NOT ENOUGH time on the questions
Students make mistakes because they don’t understand what the questions really ask
Students choose answers that do not have DIRECT SUPPORT from the passage
ACTIVE READING PASSIVE READING
You turn your brain on before reading
Brain is off during reading
Great for: School reading, research, the SAT/ACT/PSAT/AP Tests
Great for: Magazines, Harry Potter books, brochures, etc
You think critically about the author/characters while reading
You simply read/skim to understand the main point
You underline key aspects and make notes as you read
You simply lie on the couch and flip the pages
When Reading for the ACT:
Look for key aspects such as characters or key arguments
If you underline everything, it becomes meaningless!
ACT Reading Format
1. 4 Passages
2. 40 Questions
3. 35 Minutes
This test is designed so that time is an issue!
ACT Reading Basic Strategy1. Take the passages in the best order for you
2. Learn how to find trap answers
3. Use POE to eliminate trap answers
4. Spend time understanding the questions, rather than understanding the passage
5. COVER THE ANSWERS AND PREDICT WHENEVER POSSIBLE
Natural Science, Social Science, and Humanities Passages
The key to solving all three of these types of passages is to find the author’s KEY
ARGUMENT!
Part I: Understanding Key Arguments
Step 1:Read the blurb
“The Blurb”
“The following passage was adapted from an article published in the New York Herald around 1870. The article discusses the sport of baseball, which was just becoming popular at the time.”
Part I: Understanding Key Arguments
Step 2:Skim the passage. Find the THESIS and underline it
(one minute)
• What is the author’s key argument in this passage?
• What lines did you find the thesis and other key
argumentative statements?
Step 3:Answer the questions in specific to general order
Step 4:Refer back to the passage
Part II: Types of Questions and How to Answer Them
Ordering Passage Questions
Easy, Most Specific Hard, most general
1-Word 1-sentence 1-Paragraph Whole Passage
Comprehension QuestionsAsk about what passage says/means
Reasoning questionsAsk about author, author’s argumentOften use words like “Implies” “suggest,” “infer”
Question Type Question Type
Easy Questions Hard Questions
Ask about the passage Ask about the author
Usually specific Usually not specific
Can be done quickly (do these 1st)
Take a bit more time (do these 2nd)
Questions include “Vocab in context, line reference, and lead phrase”
Questions include “author’s argument, tone, main point, etc…”
Worth one point Worth one point
Ordering the Questions DrillOrdering the Questions Drill: Put the following questions in order from 1-8
___ According to the passage in line 9, “spell” most nearly means
___ In lines 10–22, the author notes that a “hard day’s work” does all of the following EXCEPT
___ In lines 31–33, the author mentions the loss of Alice’s innocence in order to
___ The author’s tone in lines 31–34 could most accurately be characterized as
___ In line 7, “harassing” most closely means
___ The author suggest that athletes
___ The “Good Walk Spoiled” (line 32) most likely refers to a
___ In paragraph 4, the author argues that dancing helps the elderly of America by
Further Info on the Types of Questions
There are two main types of questions in R.C:
1. Comprehension
2. Reasoning
Reading comprehension questions do not have O.O.D.
Always answer questions in Specific to General order!
Literal Comprehension
Literal comprehension questions ask what the passage says or means
Always do these first!
These questions include:1. Line Reference Questions2. Lead-phrase Questions3. Vocabulary-in-Context Questions
Line Reference Questions
Look for questions that have a line numbers
These will usually signify a comprehension question!
Make sure to read a few lines before and after to understand the context
Cover the answers and predict whenever possible!
Example:
In lines 23-24, the main character’s primary concern is...
Vocabulary in Context
Always solve these first!
Example: In line 25, the word “spell” most nearly means?
They will ask you about words that have multiple meanings
Treat these questions like Sentence Completions!
Steps to solve VIC Questions:
Step 1:Go to the passage and cross-out the word
Step 2:Read the surrounding lines to understand the context
Step 3:Look for clues and triggers to help you predict
Step 4:Write your prediction
Step 5:Use POE to find the answer
Lead Phrase Questions
Many specific questions, do not contain a line number
However, they will have a word or words that will tell you where to go look for the answer!
Always Circle lead word(s) in the questions!
Reasoning Questions:
Reasoning Questions ask what the Author says or means
You will first have to find the info in the passage, and then understand how or why it is used
Only answer these questions AFTER you have completed all comprehension questions
Cover the answers and
predict whenever possible
Weaken/Strengthen
If an ACT passage contains an argument, you will be asked about how this argument could be made better or made worse
Use your THESIS STATEMENT to see whether the answer choices support it or detract from it
Inference Questions
An inference is a reasonable conclusion based upon available facts
For the ACT, make sure to take a 1-step inference
Remember, the statement must be true only based upon the facts presented in the passage
Assume the passage contains the following statement…
Ms. Nelson came to class this morning with wet hair.
What can be inferred from the preceding statement?
A. She ran through the sprinklersB. She was sweating from the gymC. She showered before classD. Her hair is not dry
Agreement/Except QuestionsAgreement Questions:
These questions ask about how the author would respond to a certain statement
Do they expect you to read the author’s mind?
“Except” Questions:
Tedious literal comprehension
Simply use POE to find the one answer choice that is not mentioned
Big Picture Questions
Big Picture questions are a type of reasoning question that ask about the passage as a whole
They exist to make sure you know the primary purpose of the passage
Always answer these questions LAST!
Often, they will ask you about the “main point” or the “tone”
Again, Cover the answers and predict!
Tone Questions
The Best way to Predict on Tone Questions
1. Ask yourself, is the author positive, negative, or neutral about the subject?
2. Does the author use analysis or emotion?
Correct Answer Puzzle-Fit
The ACT uses these passages to test your ability to identify and comprehend a FEW key sentences in the passage.
Then, all of the REASONING questions surround these few ideas.
Part III: Don’t Let the ACT Guide Your Brain
Step 5:
Answer the questions in your own words
Step 6:Use Process of Elimination
Practice With Cover and Predict
1. In the passage, line 6, “styled” most nearly means
2. In lines 10–25, the author notes that baseball serves as a venue for all of the following EXCEPT
3. In lines 31–33, the author mentions the dangers involved in swimming and skating so as to
4. The author’s tone in lines 41–44 could most accurately be characterized as
5. In lines 44–51, the author of passage 1 suggests that the participation of important businessmen
6. In paragraph 4, the author argues that playing baseball helps the youth by
Reading Section Traps
1. Deceptive language
2. Extreme WordsExample:
If you narrowed the answers down to these
three choices, which would you choose?
The author mentions his visit to the store (lines 13-19) primarily to show that…
(A) California avocados are better than any other avocado in the world
(B) Markets often do not stock the best produce
(C) Smaller avocadoes are always more flavorful than larger ones
Other Trap Answers
3. True but not stated in the passage
4. Exact opposite of passage 5. Half right, half wrong
Prose Fiction Passages
Prose Fiction Questions Ask About
1. Plot
2. Characters
3. Setting
4. Theme When reading fiction passages, make sure to look for the protagonist, antagonist, and foil
When skimming, read the DIALOGUE
Prose Fiction I
Fiction passages usually have three types of characters:
1. The Protagonist: hero, main character
2. The Antagonist: villain
3. The Foil: person or situation that exists to tell the reader something about the protagonist
Prose Fiction II
Step 1:Read the blurb
Step 2:Skim the passage to understand the plot
Step 3:Write down a short summary
Step 4:
Watch out for figurative language and literary devices
Step 5:Make mental or actual notes about the characters