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Dr. Alan Abramson George Mason University Course: PUAD 658-001 Fall 2017 Tuesday, 4:30 - 7:10 pm Room: Arlington Campus, Founders Hall, Room 311

DRAFT

COURSE SYLLABUS

Social Entrepreneurship and Nonprofit Enterprise Course Description This course will explore the use of innovative approaches to address difficult social problems. Spurred by their belief that they can design new kinds of programs that outperform traditional public and nonprofit initiatives, “social entrepreneurs,” like Nobel Prize winner Muhammad Yunus, are developing novel strategies for achieving significant social change. Many new “social ventures” (i.e., an organization formed by a social entrepreneur) use hybrid, “social enterprise” approaches that combine aspects of business and nonprofit activities. After introducing students to key concepts, the course is organized largely around the steps in the entrepreneurial process: identifying an opportunity or social need, formulating a strategy to address the social problem, choosing a sector home, mobilizing resources, scaling up, managing growth, tracking results, and maximizing impact. We will conclude by considering what public policy should be toward social enterprise and social entrepreneurship: What infrastructure – or support system – is needed to help develop and sustain the new activities and organizations? The course will explore these and other issues and questions through discussion, cases, and guest speakers. Overall, this course will feature high levels of student participation. The course will focus mostly on U.S. activities, with some reference to international experiences. No prior knowledge of the subject matter is expected or assumed. Learning Objectives Through this course, students will:

Understand what is meant by the terms “social entrepreneurship” and “social enterprise” and be aware of overlaps and differences between the two concepts (readings, class sessions, current events).

Increase their knowledge of the essential steps in the process of social entrepreneurship (readings, sessions, case studies, papers).

Sharpen their social entrepreneurship skills (case studies, papers, readings, class sessions).

Improve their written and oral communications skills (papers, class discussions).

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Course Requirements There are two major types of requirements for the course: 1. Active Engagement: Students are expected to engage actively in the course in the following and related ways:

Regular Attendance: Students are expected to attend all class sessions and to arrive in class on time. Attendance will be noted. If at all possible, students should email the instructor beforehand when they expect to miss class because of illness or another reason.

Completion of Reading: Students are expected to complete all assigned reading before class. It is especially important that case studies receive a close reading. In fact, if at all possible, cases should be re-read just before class.

Active Participation: Students are expected to participate actively in all class sessions. In addition to contributing to regular class discussions, students may be asked to make a presentation or lead a discussion on a relevant issue. The instructor will occasionally cold call on students. To facilitate active engagement, cell phones, computers, and other electronic devices should be turned off during class.

News Briefs: Students will sign up at the beginning of the semester to lead a 5-minute discussion about one relevant news article on social entrepreneurship or social enterprise that they have identified. Ideally, the article will address the topic of the week. In their presentations, students should summarize their article and also pose several questions for class discussion. Students should hand in a copy of their article with a short write-up (1-2 pages, 12-point font, double-spaced). These write-ups, including a link to the selected article, should also be submitted on BlackBoard.

Student engagement, incorporating all the elements above, will count for 20% of the course grade. 2. Written Assignments and Presentations: Students are expected to complete the following:

Short, Reaction Papers: To enhance learning of important material and prepare for class discussions, students will complete a series of short (1-2 pages, 12-point font, double-spaced), reaction papers. Strong papers will connect (multiple) course readings to the issue being addressed. For example, if a reaction paper focuses on an analysis of a particular case, a good paper will reference some of the other readings for the week. Reaction paper assignments will generally be given one week before they are due. For example, in session #1, students will receive the assignment due at session #2. These papers should be submitted on BlackBoard and handed in at or before class, and will generally not be accepted late. Students who miss class for any reason have the option of submitting these papers before the class session for which they are assigned. The two lowest grades will be dropped. The reaction papers will count for 25% of the course grade.

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Report and Presentation on a Social Venture: Students will sign up at the beginning of the semester to write a paper on a social venture, which is an organization or program established by a social entrepreneur. Parts of the report may be descriptive, detailing, for instance, how the social venture works, including its programs, finances, and “theory of change.” However, a significant portion of the report must be analytic, giving the student’s judgments, interpretations, and critiques. This could be accomplished, for example, by describing not only how the venture is working well, but also by discussing what about the venture is not working and why. Reports (5-7+ pages plus attachments, double-spaced, 12-point font) are due on October 17. Students will make presentations and lead discussions based on their memos during class on October 17. Students are encouraged to use PowerPoint, handouts, and other tools to make their presentations as interesting and informative as possible. Students should identify the subject of their reports no later than September 19 by sending an email to the instructor and their classmates. Students may select one of the social ventures listed in Appendix A of this syllabus or another of their choosing. The report and presentation will count 25% of the grade.

Term Paper and Presentation: Students should also complete a term paper on a subject of their own choosing. Possible topics include: developing a business plan for a new social venture; writing a business plan for a significant modification of an existing program; addressing one of the issues we cover in class in much greater detail; or there are other options as well. Students may work in teams if they want, but a greater level of effort will be expected from a group effort. Proposals for term papers are due by October 3. Term papers (approximately 10 pages plus attachments, double-spaced, 12-point font) are due on November 28, and students will make presentations and lead discussions based on their papers on that day. The term paper and presentation will count for 30% of the grade.

All papers should be submitted both in hard copy and on-line on BlackBoard. Please note that unexcused late submissions on any assignment will be marked down. All students are welcome to talk with the instructor about possible alternative assignments if they are interested. Any Ph.D. students in the class should discuss with the instructor how to tailor the course to their particular needs. Grades All assignments will receive numerical grades from 0-100, although grades above 95 will be extremely rare. For final grades, numerical grades will be converted to letter grades without rounding as follows: A 93-100 A- 90-92.99 B+ 87-89.99 B 83-86.99

B- 80-82.99 C+ 77-79.99 C 73-76.99 C- 70-72.99

D+ 67-69.99 D 65-66.99 F 0-64.99

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Contacting the Instructor: Please feel free to set up an appointment to talk with the instructor either in-person or on the phone. Dr. Abramson can be reached at the following:

Office phone: 703-993-8189

Office address: George Mason University – Arlington Campus, Founders Hall, 3351 Fairfax Drive, Room 608, Mail Stop 3B1, Arlington, VA 22201.

Office e-mail: aabramso@gmu.edu (Note that the instructor also sometimes uses the email: alan.abramson@aspeninst.org)

Cell phone: 202-262-5204 Readings and Other Resources Course readings are available on-line, on Blackboard, or in the following books which are available for purchase through GMU’s Arlington campus bookstore: --David Bornstein, How to Change the World: Social Entrepreneurs and the Power of New Ideas. Updated edition. New York: Oxford University Press, 2007. --Beth Kanter and Allison H. Fine, The Networked Nonprofit: Connecting with Social Media to Drive Change. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass/Wiley, 2010. --Jill Kickul and Thomas S. Lyons, Understanding Social Entrepreneurship: The Relentless Pursuit of Mission in an Ever Changing World. 2d edition. New York: Routledge, 2016. Students will also be asked to purchase copies of case studies during the semester. Students are encouraged to consult the resources on the nonprofit sector and social entrepreneurship and social enterprise listed in Appendix B of this syllabus and to use information on nonprofit organizations available through the GMU Library at: http://lgdata.s3-website-us-east-1.amazonaws.com/docs/112/28684/NonProfitMgmtRG.pdf . Academic Integrity GMU is an Honor Code university; please see the University Catalog for a full description of the code and the honor committee process. The principle of academic integrity is taken very seriously, and violations are treated gravely. What does academic integrity mean in this course? Essentially this: when you are responsible for a task, you will perform that task. When you rely on someone else’s work in an aspect of the performance of that task, you will give full credit in the proper, accepted form. Another aspect of academic integrity is the free play of ideas. Vigorous discussion and debate are encouraged in this course, with the firm expectation that all aspects of the class will be conducted with civility and respect for differing ideas, perspectives, and traditions. When in doubt of any kind, please ask for guidance and clarification. GMU Email Accounts Students must activate their GMU email accounts to receive class-related information. Office of Disability Services

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If you are a student with a disability and you need academic accommodations, please see the instructor and contact the Office of Disability Services (ODS) at 993-2474. All academic accommodations must be arranged through the ODS: http://ods.gmu.edu Other Useful Campus Resources

Writing Center: http://writingcenter.gmu.edu

University Libraries “Ask a Librarian” : http://library.gmu.edu/ask

Counseling and Psychological Services (CAPS): (703) 993-2380; http://caps.gmu.edu University Policies The University Catalog, http://catalog.gmu.edu, is the central resource for university policies affecting student, faculty, and staff conduct in university affairs. Course Outline and Reading Assignments Please note that case study and other material will be added during the course of the semester. 1. AUGUST 29: Overview of Course and Introduction to Key Concepts: Social Entrepreneurship and Social Enterprise Suggested: --Kickul and Lyons, Understanding Social Entrepreneurship, chs. 1-2. --Roger L. Martin and Sally Osberg, “Social Entrepreneurship: The Case for Definition,” Stanford Social Innovation Review (Spring 2007), pp. 28-39. --J. Gregory Dees and Beth Battle Anderson, “Framing a Theory of Social Entrepreneurship: Building on Two Schools of Practice and Thought,” in Rachel Mosher-Williams, ed., Research on Social Entrepreneurship: Understanding and Contributing to an Emerging Field, ARNOVA Occasional Paper Series, vol. 1, n. 3 (Association for Research on Nonprofit Organizations and Voluntary Action: Indianapolis, 2006). --Paul C. Light, “Social Entrepreneurship Revisited,” Stanford Social Innovation Review (Summer 2009), pp. 21-22. 2. SEPTEMBER 5: Examples of Social Entrepreneurship, Identifying a Need/Opportunity, Developing an Innovative Theory of System Change SIGN UP FOR NEWS BRIEFS --Bornstein, How to Change the World, chs. 1-8. --Kickul and Lyons, Understanding Social Entrepreneurship, ch. 3 and ch. 5, pp. 88-97. Suggested:

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--W. K. Kellogg Foundation, Logic Model Development Guide. Battle Creek, MI: W. K. Kellogg Foundation, 2004, ch. 1. Available at: http://www.wkkf.org/knowledge-center/resources/2006/02/WK-Kellogg-Foundation-Logic-Model-Development-Guide.aspx --Ayse Guclu, J. Gregory Dees, and Beth Battle Anderson, “The Process of Social Entrepreneurship: Creating Opportunities Worthy of Serious Pursuit,” Duke University, Center for the Advancement of Social Entrepreneurship, November 2002. Available at: https://centers.fuqua.duke.edu/case/wp-content/uploads/sites/7/2015/02/Article_Dees_TheProcessOfSocialEntrepreneurshipCreatingOppWorthyOfSeriousPursuit_2002.pdf 3. SEPTEMBER 12: Overview of Business Planning and the Lean Startup Model --Kickul and Lyons, Understanding Social Entrepreneurship, ch. 4 and ch. 5, pp. 97-135. Suggested: --Eric Ries, The Lean Startup: How Today’s Entrepreneurs Use Continuous Innovation to Create Radically Successful Businesses. New York: Crown Business, 2011, Introduction and chs. 3, 4, 6, 8, and 9. --Steve Blank, “Why the Lean Start-Up Changes Everything,” Harvard Business Review (May 2013). --Terri D. Barreiro and Melissa M. Stone, Social Entrepreneurship: From Issue to Viable Plan. New York: Business Expert Press, 2013. --Peter C. Brinckerhoff, Social Entrepreneurship: The Art of Mission-Based Venture Development. New York: John Wiley and Sons, 2000. --Arthur DeThomas and Stephanie Derammelaere, Writing a Convincing Business Plan. 3d ed. Hauppauge, NY: Barron’s Educational Series, 2008. --Cynthia W. Massarsky, “How to Build a Business Plan.” Available at: http://www.socialreturns.org/docs/howtobuild.pdf --Jeffrey A. Timmons, Andrew Zacharakis, and Stephen Spinelli, Business Plans That Work: A Guide for Small Business. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2004. --Andrew Wolk and Kelley Kreitz, Business Planning for Enduring Social Impact: A Social-Entrepreneurial Approach to Solving Social Problems. Cambridge, MA: Root Cause, 2008. Available at: http://www.rootcause.org/docs/Resources/Books/Business-Planning-for-Enduring-Social-Impact/Business_Planning_for_Enduring_Social_Impact.pdf 4. SEPTEMBER 19: Finding a Sectoral Home, Overview of Potential Funding Sources, and Accessing Philanthropic Funding: Venture Philanthropy STUDENTS IDENTIFY SOCIAL VENTURE THEY WILL WRITE ABOUT --Kickul and Lyons, Understanding Social Entrepreneurship, chs. 6-7. --Christine Letts, William Ryan, and Allen Grossman, “Virtuous Capital: What Foundations Can Learn from Venture Capitalists, “ Harvard Business Review (March-April 1997), pp. 36-44.

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--Chronicle of Philanthropy, “Tool Kit: A Beginner’s Guide to Crowdfunding,” November 12, 2015. Available at: https://philanthropy.com/resources/toolkit/a-beginner-s-guide-to-crowdfun/75 . Suggested: --Jim Fruchterman, “For Love or Lucre,” Stanford Social Innovation Review (Spring 2011), pp. 42-47. --John Elkington and Pamela Hartigan, The Power of Unreasonable People: How Social Entrepreneurs Create Markets That Change the World. Boston: Harvard Business Press, 2008, chs. 1-2. --Matthew Bishop and Michael Green, Philanthrocapitalism: How the Rich Can Save the World. New York: Bloomsbury Press, 2008. --Heerad Sabeti, “The For-Benefit Enterprise,” Harvard Business Review (November 2011). --Bethany Coates and Garth Saloner, “The Profit in Nonprofit,” Stanford Social Innovation Review (Summer 2009), pp. 68-71. --Marci Alboher, “A Social Solution, Without Going the Nonprofit Route,” New York Times, March 5, 2009. --David Bornstein, “The Barefoot Bank with Cheek,” The Atlantic Monthly (December 1995), pp. 40-47. --Connie Bruck, “Millions for Millions,” New Yorker (October 30, 2006). --Leslie Lenkowsky, “Foundations and Corporate Philanthropy,” in Lester M. Salamon, ed., The State of Nonprofit America. Washington: Brookings Institution Press, 2012, 2d ed., ch. 12. --Eleanor Brown and David Martin, “Individual Giving and Volunteering,” in Salamon, ed., State of Nonprofit America, 2d ed., ch. 13. --Michael Edwards, Just Another Emperor?: The Myths and Realities of Philanthrocapitalism. Demos and the Young Foundation, 2008. --“Tomorrow’s Philanthropist,” Barclays Wealth in co-operation with Ledbury Research, 2009. Available at: www.genevaglobal.com/download/65 --Lucy Bernholz, “Philanthropy and the Social Economy: Blueprint 2016, The Annual Industry Forecast,” Foundation Center, GrantCraft, 2015. Available at: http://www.grantcraft.org/guides/blueprint16 --Peter Frumkin and Suzi Sosa, “Toward a Theory of Sector Selection,” Nonprofit Quarterly (Fall 2015). 5. SEPTEMBER 26: Accessing Government Funding: Funding for Growth, Social Innovation Fund, and Social Impact Bonds --Andrew Wolk, “Social Entrepreneurship and Government: A New Breed of Entrepreneurs Developing Solutions to Social Problems,” in U.S. Small Business Administration, Office of Advocacy, The Small Business Economy for Data Year 2006, Washington: U.S. Government Printing Office, 2007. Read especially pp. 188-203. Available at: http://www.rootcause.org/docs/Resources/Publications/Social%20Entrepreneurship%20and%20Goverment.pdf --Andrew Wolk, “Advancing Social Entrepreneurship: Recommendations for Policy Makers and Government Agencies,” The Aspen Institute and Root Cause, April 2008. Available at:

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http://www.aspeninstitute.org/atf/cf/%7BDEB6F227-659B-4EC8-8F84-8DF23CA704F5%7D/nspp_AdvSocEntrp.pdf --Review information about the Social Innovation Fund in the U.S. Corporation for National and Community Service at: http://www.nationalservice.gov/programs/social-innovation-fund --Laura Callanan and Jonathan Law, “Will Social Impact Bonds Work in the United States,” McKinsey on Society (2012). Available at: http://mckinseyonsociety.com/downloads/reports/Social-Innovation/Social-impact-bonds.pdf --Eduardo Porter, “Wall St. Money Meets Social Policy at Rikers Island,” New York Times, July 28, 2015. Available at: http://www.nytimes.com/2015/07/29/business/economy/wall-st-money-meets-social-policy-at-rikers-island.html Suggested: --Kirsten A. Gronbjerg and Lester M. Salamon, “Devolution, Marketization, and the Changing Shape of Government-Nonprofit Relations,” in Lester M. Salamon, ed., The State of Nonprofit America. Washington: Brookings Institution Press, 2012, 2d ed., ch. 15. --V. Kasturi Rangan and Lisa A. Chase, “The Payoff of Pay-for-Success,” Stanford Social Innovation Review, Fall 2015. Available at: http://ssir.org/up_for_debate/article/the_payoff_of_pay_for_success 6. OCTOBER 3: Accessing Earned Revenue and Market-Oriented Funding: Social Enterprise and Social Impact Investing STUDENTS SUBMIT PROPOSAL FOR TERM PAPER --J. Gregory Dees, "Enterprising Nonprofits," Harvard Business Review (January-February 1998), pp. 55-67. (Harvard Business Review Reprint 98105) --Beth Battle Anderson, J. Gregory Dees, and Jed Emerson, “Developing Viable Earned Income Strategies,” in J. Gregory Dees, Jed Emerson, and Peter Economy, Strategic Tools for Social Entrepreneurs: Enhancing the Performance of Your Enterprising Nonprofit. New York: John Wiley, 2002. --C. K. Prahalad, “The Market at the Bottom of the Pyramid,” ch. 1 in C. K. Prahalad, The Fortune at the Bottom of the Pyramid. Saddle River, NJ: Wharton School Publishing, 2006. --Lester M. Salamon, Leverage for Good: An Introduction to the New Frontiers of Philanthropy and Social Investment. New York: Oxford University Press, 2014, ch. 1. Suggested: --Dennis R. Young and Lester M. Salamon, “Commercialization, Social Ventures, and For-Profit Competition,” in Salamon, ed., Nonprofit America, 2d ed., ch. 14. --Jonathan Rauch, “This Is Not Charity,” The Atlantic Monthly (October 2007), pp. 64-76. Available at: http://www.theatlantic.com/doc/200710/clinton-foundation. --Muhammad Yunus, Creating a World Without Poverty: Social Business and the Future of Capitalism. New York: Public Affairs, 2007.

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--Bill Gates, “Creative Capitalism,” Remarks at World Economic Forum, Davos, Switzerland, January 24, 2008. Available at: http://www.gatesfoundation.org/speeches-commentary/Pages/bill-gates-2008-world-economic-forum-creative-capitalism.aspx. --William Foster and Jeffrey Bradach, “Should Nonprofits Seek Profits?” Harvard Business Review (February 2005). (Harvard Business Review Reprint R0502E). --Burton A. Weisbrod, “The Pitfalls of Profits,” Stanford Social Innovation Review (Winter 2004), pp. 40-47. --Community Wealth Ventures, “Powering Social Change: Lessons on Community Wealth Generation for Nonprofit Sustainability,” Washington, DC: Community Wealth Ventures, 2003. Available at: http://www.ilj.org/publications/docs/Community_Wealth_Generation_for_Non_Profit_Sustainability.pdf --Seedco Policy Center, “The Limits of Social Enterprise: A Field Study & Case Analysis,” (Seedco: New York: June 2007). --Antony Bugg-Levine and Jed Emerson, Impact Investing: Transforming How We Make Money While Making a Difference. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass/John Wiley and Sons, 2011. --Lester M. Salamon, ed., New Frontiers of Philanthropy: A Guide to the New Tools and Actors Reshaping Global Philanthropy and Social Investing. New York: Oxford University Press, 2014. --Judith Rodin and Margot Brandenburg, The Power of Impact Investing: Putting Markets to Work for Profit and Global Good. Philadelphia: Wharton Digital Press, 2014. --G8 Social Impact Investment Taskforce, “Impact Investment: The Invisible Heart of Markets,” September 2014. Available at: http://www.socialimpactinvestment.org/reports/Impact%20Investment%20Report%20FINAL[3].pdf --The Case Foundation, “A Short Guide to Impact Investing,” 2014. Available at: http://casefoundation.org/resource/short-guide-impact-investing/ . --Michael Etzel, “Philanthropy’s New Frontier – Impact Investing,” Stanford Social Innovation Review, November 9, 2015. OCTOBER 10: No class; Monday classes meet on Tuesday 7. OCTOBER 17: Social Entrepreneurs and Their Social Ventures REPORTS DUE ON SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURS AND THEIR SOCIAL VENTURES – STUDENT PRESENTATIONS 8. OCTOBER 24: Managing Partnerships --James E. Austin, “Strategic Collaboration between Nonprofits and Business,” Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly, vol. 29, no. 1 (Supplement 2000), pp. 69-97. --Bill Drayton and Valeria Budinich, “A New Alliance for Global Change,” Harvard Business Review (September 2010). Suggested:

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--Mark Gerenscer, Christopher Kelly, Fernando Napolitano, and Reginald Van Lee, Megacommunities: How Leaders of Government, Business and Non-Profits Can Tackle Today’s Global Challenges Together, New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2008, chs. 1-2. 10. OCTOBER 31: Managing Marketing and Communications: Social Media --Beth Kanter and Allison H. Fine, The Networked Nonprofit: Connecting with Social Media to Drive Change. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass/Wiley, 2010. --Jennifer Aaker and Andy Smith, “The Dragonfly Effect,” Stanford Social Innovation Review (Winter 2011), pp. 31-35. Suggested: --Brenda Gainer, “Marketing for Nonprofit Managers,” in Renz, ed., and Associates, Jossey-Bass Handbook, ch. 11. --Kathy Bonk, “Strategic Communications,” in Renz, ed., and Associates, Jossey-Bass Handbook, ch. 12. --Katya Andresen, Robin Hood Marketing: Stealing Corporate Savvy to Sell Just Causes. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass/Wiley, 2006. --Allison H. Fine, Momentum: Igniting Social Change in the Connected Age. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 2006. --Ben Rigby, Mobilizing Generation 2.0: A Practical Guide to Using Web 2.0. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass/Wiley, 2008. 11. NOVEMBER 7: Measuring Results and Managing Impact --Kickul and Lyons, Understanding Social Entrepreneurship, ch. 8. --John C. Sawhill and David Williamson, “Mission Impossible? Measuring Success in Nonprofit Organizations,” Nonprofit Management and Leadership, vol. 11, no. 3 (Spring 2001), pp. 371-386. --Heather McLeod Grant and Leslie R. Crutchfield, “Creating High-Impact Nonprofits, “Stanford Social Innovation Review (Fall 2007), pp. 32-41. Suggested: --Mario Morino, Leap of Reason: Managing to Outcomes in an Era of Scarcity. Washington, DC: Venture Philanthropy Partners, 2011. Available at: http://www.vppartners.org/sites/default/files/documents/LOR_Full_Version_Facing_Pages.pdf 9. NOVEMBER 14: Managing Growth --Kickul and Lyons, Understanding Social Entrepreneurship, ch. 9. --Jeffrey Bradach, “Going to Scale: The Challenge of Replicating Social Programs,” Stanford Social Innovation Review (Spring 1999), pp. 19-25. --William Foster and Gail Fine, “How Nonprofits Get Really Big,” Stanford Social Innovation Review (Spring 2007), pp. 46-55. --George Overholser, “Nonprofit Growth Capital: Defining, Measuring and Managing Growth Capital in Nonprofit Enterprises; Part One: Building Is Not Buying,” Nonprofit Finance Fund,

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2005. Available at: http://www.nonprofitfinancefund.org/docs/Building%20is%20Not%20Buying.pdf. --Jeffrey Bradach, “Scaling Impact,” Stanford Social Innovation Review (Summer 2010), pp. 27-28. 12. NOVEMBER 21: Managing Social Intrapreneurship --Kickul and Lyons, Understanding Social Entrepreneurship, ch. 10. 13. NOVEMBER 28: Student Presentations TERM PAPER DUE AND STUDENT PRESENTATIONS 14. DECEMBER 5: Developing a More Supportive Infrastructure for Social Entrepreneurship and Social Enterprise --Kickul and Lyons, Understanding Social Entrepreneurship, chs. 12-13. Suggested: --“Developing the Field of Social Entrepreneurship,” A Report from the Center for the Advancement of Social Entrepreneurship (CASE), Duke University, The Fuqua School of Business, June 2008. Available at: http://community-wealth.org/content/developing-field-social-entrepreneurship --William Meehan, Derek Kilmer, and Maisie O’Flanagan, “Investing in Society: Why We Need a More Efficient Social Capital Market – and How We Can Get There,” Stanford Social Innovation Review (Spring 2004). --Thomas J. Billitteri, “Mixing Mission and Business: Does Social Enterprise Need a New Legal Approach?” Working Paper, Aspen Institute Nonprofit Sector Research Fund, January 2007. Available at: http://www.aspeninstitute.org/sites/default/files/content/docs/pubs/New_Legal_Forms_Report_FINAL.pdf --Michelle Jolin, “Innovating the White House: How the Next President of the United States Can Spur Social Entrepreneurship,” Stanford Social Innovation Review (Spring 2008), pp. 23-24. --See information on recent policy developments from the America Forward coalition, available at: http://americaforward.org.

DECEMBER 12: Hold for Make-Up Session If Needed

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Appendix A

Selected, Mostly U.S.-Based, Social Ventures

Acumen Fund

Ashoka

Better Life Bags

Bonnie CLAC/More Than Wheels

Center for Digital Inclusion (CDI)

Charity: Water

Citizen Schools

City Year

Civic Ventures/Encore.org

College Summit

Development Innovation Ventures

d.light

Food Recovery Network

Freelancers Union

Genesys Works

Girls on the Run

Habitat for Humanity

Harlem Children’s Zone

Heifer International

Honest Tea

Honey Care Africa

Hope Lab

Jump Start

KaBoom

KIPP Schools

Kiva

New Schools Venture Fund

Nurse-Family Partnership

OPower

Public Allies

Teach for America

Toms Shoes

Udacity

Year Up

Youth Build

Youth Villages

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Appendix B

Resource Guide: Nonprofit Sector, Social Entrepreneurship, and Social Enterprise (Selected Resources)

I. Nonprofit Sector Newspapers/Journals – Practitioner-Oriented

Chronicle of Philanthropy

Nonprofit Quarterly

Nonprofit Times

Stanford Social Innovation Review (SSIR) Journals – Research-Oriented

Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly (NVSQ)

Nonprofit Management and Leadership (NML)

Nonprofit Policy Forum

Voluntas E-Newsletters - National

Blue Avocado

IS Daily Media Digest (Independent Sector)

NPQ’s Nonprofit Newswire (Nonprofit Quarterly)

Philanthropy News Digest (Foundation Center)

Philanthropy Today – Daily Update from the Chronicle of Philanthropy E-Newsletters – Local

The Daily WRAG (Washington Grantmakers) National Organizations

Association for Research on Nonprofit Organizations and Voluntary Action (ARNOVA)

Association of Fundraising Professionals (AFP)

BoardSource

Council on Foundations

Foundation Center

Independent Sector

International Society for Third-Sector Research (ISTR)

National Council of Nonprofits

Nonprofit Finance Fund Local Organizations

Center for Nonprofit Advancement (CNA)

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Foundation Center Library – Washington, DC

Eugene and Agnes E. Meyer Foundation

Venture Philanthropy Partners (VPP)

Washington Grantmakers

Young Nonprofit Professionals Network – DC (YNPNdc) Statistics on the Nonprofit Sector

Foundation Center

Giving USA

GuideStar

Listening Post Project at Johns Hopkins University, Center for Civil Society Studies

National Center for Charitable Statistics at the Urban Institute

Nonprofit Almanac Job Openings

Chronicle of Philanthropy

The Daily WRAG

Idealist.org

PND (Philanthropy News Digest) Job Alerts (from the Foundation Center)

YNPNdc Indexes to Nonprofit Research

Catalog of Nonprofit Literature (Foundation Center):

The Nonprofit Sector: A Research Handbook, second edition

Philanthropic Studies Index (Indiana University Center on Philanthropy) Blogs

A Fine Blog – Allison Fine

Huffington Post – various contributors

Philanthropy 2173 – Lucy Bernholz

White Courtesy Telephone – Albert Ruesga and others

II. Social Entrepreneurship and Social Enterprise

National/International Organizations

Americans for Community Development (L3C)

Ashoka

Aspen Institute: Aspen Network of Development Entrepreneurs (ANDE), Business and Society Program, Program on Philanthropy and Social Innovation

B Corporation

Community Wealth Partners

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Democracy Collaborative (http://community-wealth.org/)

Draper Richards

Echoing Green

Fourth Sector Network

Global Impact Investing Network (GIIN)

Schwab Foundation

Skoll Foundation

Social Enterprise Alliance E-Newsletter/Blogs

Beth’s Blog – Beth Kanter

CasePlace.org (Aspen Institute – Business and Society Program, Center for Business) Education)

Change.org – social entrepreneurship

Changemakers.com (Ashoka)

Dowser.org

Social Edge Journals

Good Magazine

Innovations

Journal of Social Entrepreneurship Conferences

Global Philanthropy Forum

Skoll World Forum

Social Capital Markets (SOCAP)

World Economic Forum (Davos)