DRAFT MEDIUM TERM DEVELOPMENT PLAN (GSGDA II: 2014-2017)€¦ · 04/04/2016 · draft medium term...

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KOMENDA-EDINA-EGUAFO-ABREM (KEEA)

MUNICIPAL ASSEMBLY

DRAFT MEDIUM TERM DEVELOPMENT PLAN (GSGDA II: 2014-2017)

PREPARED BY THE MUNICIPAL PLANNING CO-ORDINATING UNIT (MPCU)

KEEA MUNICIPAL ASSEMBLY

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

According to section 10 sub-sections 3 of the Local Government Act 462, the District Assemblies

have the right to exercise deliberative, legislative and executive functions. A district Assembly shall

be responsible for the overall development of the district and shall ensure the preparation and

submission to the Nation Development Planning Commission (DDPC) through the Regional

Coordinating councils (RCC) for approval, of the development plan and budget for the district over

a medium term.

In fulfilling the above functions, a Preparation

Team was formed and tasked to prepare the

Medium Term Development Plan (MTDP)

spanning from 2014 through to 2017 and

based on the Medium Term Development

Policy framework Ghana Shared Growth and

Development Agenda II (GSGDA II: 2014-

2017).

The preparation of the MTDP was based on the guidelines prepared by the National Development

Planning Commission (NDPC). All the steps provide to guide the process of preparation were

followed.

A participatory process was adopted in the preparation, stemming from the fact that the team

comprised people from diverse backgrounds representing different interests and groups.

This document has the following as the guiding principles especially during the prioritization of

issues:

That, project should have an impact on a large proportion of the citizenry especially the

poor and the vulnerable;

There should be a significant linkage effect on meeting basic human needs and rights as a

result of the projects.

All activities, project and programmes in the Municipality will ultimately achieve the

national goal, which also aims at achieving the Millennium Development Goals.

Finally, the projects should also have significant multiplier effects on the local economy and

shall also achieve Local Economic Development objectives of the Municipality and the

nation at large.

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In ensuring a participatory democratic process, public hearings were organized for all six Zonal

Councils in the Municipality after which prioritized needs were derived.

The Municipal Planning and Coordinating Unit (DPCU) also had meetings with other key

development partners such as traditional council, Youth groups, Women Groups, Hoteliers, Artisans

and NGOs. This was to enable the team know their key issues for growth in the Municipality in

order that effective projection would be made.

The Medium Term Policy Framework has seven thematic areas;

1. Ensuring and Sustaining Macroeconomic Stability

2. Enhancing Competitiveness in Ghana’s Private Sector

3. Accelerated Agriculture Modernization and Sustainable Natural Resource Management

4. Oil and Gas Development

5. Infrastructure, Energy and Human Settlement Development

6. Human Development, Productivity and Employment

7. Transparent and Accountable governance

The plan has been structured into seven chapters. Chapter one is on Municipal profile, current

situation and ends with a summary of key development problems, gaps and issues identified in the

current situation. Chapter two is on Municipal Development Priorities. This is followed by chapter

three which centers on the municipal development goal and objectives and strategies to achieve

them. Chapter four is on the development programmes while the fifth chapter is on the annual

action plans. The sixth chapter concentrates on monitoring and evaluation arrangement. Finally, the

seventh chapter is on communication strategy.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

KEEA MUNICIPAL ASSEMBLY................................................................................................................................... i

LIST OF ACRONYMS ............................................................................................................................. VI

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY- THIS INCLUDES:................................................................................... VIII

PERFORMANCE REVIEW/ CURRENT SITUATION ...................................................................... IX Performance Review ................................................................................................................................................ ix Review of the 2010-2013 MTDP ............................................................................................................................... x REVIEW UNDER THE THEMATIC AREAS ................................................................................................................... xi

CHAPTER ONE ......................................................................................................................................... 1

CURRENT SITUATION OF DEVELOPMENT........................................................................................................ 1 INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................................................................... 1 HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE ......................................................................................................................................... 1 PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS ..................................................................................................................................... 2

DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS ....................................................................................................................... 10

POPULATION SIZE AND DISTRIBUTION ...................................................................................... 13 Table 4: Population by age, sex and type of locality ............................................................................................... 14 Table 5: Population by nationality and sex ............................................................................................................. 16 Table 6: Population by religion and sex .................................................................................................................. 16 Table 7: Population by type of locality, disability type and sex .............................................................................. 18 Table 8: Stock of houses and households by type of locality ................................................................................. 20 Table 9: Ownership status of dwelling by sex of household head and type of locality .......................................... 21 Table 10: Type of occupied dwelling unit by sex of household head and type of locality ...................................... 21

MICRO ECONOMY: ............................................................................................................................................... 23

AGRICULTURE ................................................................................................................................................... 24

Climate Change intervention ........................................................................................................................... 31

Industry ............................................................................................................................................................... 36 Table 14: Employed population 15 years and older by Industry and Sex ............................................................... 37

EMPLOYMENT STATUS ...................................................................................................................... 38

EMPLOYMENT SECTOR ...................................................................................................................... 38

TOURISM ............................................................................................................................................................. 41

ENERGY................................................................................................................................................................ 44

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TRANSPORTATION ............................................................................................................................................... 44

TELECOMMUNICATION ........................................................................................................................................ 45

BANKING ............................................................................................................................................................. 47

EDUCATION ......................................................................................................................................................... 48

SKILLS AND ENTREPRENEURIAL DEVELOPMENT FOR THE YOUTH ........................................................................ 55

Water and Sanitation Current Situation ............................................................................................................... 55

Drainage .............................................................................................................................................................. 63

Solid waste .......................................................................................................................................................... 70

Liquid waste ........................................................................................................................................................ 73

Behaviour change communication ....................................................................................................................... 78

HEALTH CARE ....................................................................................................................................................... 80

TABLE 35: HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT AND ADMINISTRATION .......................... 85

CHAPTER TWO ..................................................................................................................................... 88

PRIORITISATION OF DEVELOPMENT ISSUES ......................................................................................................... 88

Introduction ......................................................................................................................................................... 88 Prioritised Issues ..................................................................................................................................................... 88 Harmonized Identified Key Development Problems/Issues under the Thematic Areas of the GSGDA (2014-2017) ...................................................................................................................................................................... 90 Table 37: Prioritized issues linked with GSGDA (2014-2017) .......................................................................... 93

CHAPTER THREE ................................................................................................................................. 96

DEVELOPMENT GOAL, OBJECTIVES AND STRATEGIES .......................................................................................... 96

Introduction ......................................................................................................................................................... 96 Development Focus ................................................................................................................................................ 96 National goal ........................................................................................................................................................... 96 Municipal Development Goal ................................................................................................................................. 96 Municipal development projections and service requirements for 2014-2017 ..................................................... 97 Municipal projected population ............................................................................................................................. 97 Implication of the population projection for Development Planning..................................................................... 97

Implication on Education ..................................................................................................................................... 98 Development Projections for 2014-2017 .............................................................................................................. 101 Table 43: Linking Municipal Key Development Issues to GSGDA II (2014-2017) adopted Objectives and Strategies .............................................................................................................................................................................. 101

CHAPTER FOUR ................................................................................................................................. 100

DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMMES .......................................................................................................................... 100

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Development Programmes for 2014-2017 ........................................................................................................... 100 PROGRAMME OF ACTION (PoA) FOR 2014- 2017 UNDER GSGDA II ..................................................................... 101 INDICATIVE FINANCIAL PLAN ................................................................................................................................ 110

Local Revenue Structure ................................................................................................................................ 110

CHAPTER FIVE ................................................................................................................................... 111

ANNUAL ACTION PLANS .................................................................................................................................... 111 2014 ANNUAL ACTION PLAN ................................................................................................................................ 112 2015 ANNUAL ACTION PLAN ................................................................................................................................ 116 2016 ANNUAL ACTION PLAN ................................................................................................................................ 120 2017 ANNUAL ACTION PLAN ................................................................................................................................ 123

CHAPTER SIX ...................................................................................................................................... 126

MONITORING & EVALUATION ........................................................................................................................... 126 Monitoring and Evaluation Arrangement Inputs – Outputs/Outcomes – Impacts .............................................. 126 Specific Responsibilities in Monitoring and Evaluation ........................................................................................ 127 Development programme .................................................................................................................................... 127

CHAPTER SEVEN ............................................................................................................................... 129

COMMUNICATION STRATEGY ............................................................................................................................ 129 Communication at the Institutional level ............................................................................................................. 129 Communication at the Zonal Council levels .......................................................................................................... 129 Formation of Development Communication Committee ..................................................................................... 130

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LIST OF ACRONYMS

ADB – African Development Bank

ANC - Ante Natal Care

BECE - Basic Education Certificate Exams

BNI - Bureau of National Investigation

CEPS - Customs Exercise and Preventive Service

CIDA – Canadian International Development Agency

CBO - Community Based Organisation

CHPS - Community Health

CWSA - Community Water and Sanitation Agency

DACF - District Assembly Common Fund

DDF - District Development Fund

MWST - Municipal Water and Sanitation Team

MHD - Municipal Health Directorate

CBRDP - Community Based Rural Development Project

GES - Ghana Education Service

GETFUND - Ghana Education Trust Fund

GYEEDA - Ghana Youth Entrepreneurial and Employment Development Agency

FCUBE - - Free Compulsory Universal Basic Education

FON - Friends of the Nation

GoG – Government of Ghana

GPRS - Ghana Poverty Reduction Strategy

MMDAs - Metropolitan,Municipal and District Assemblies

MRH - Ministry of Roads and Highway

NGO - Non Governmental Organisation

NHIS - National Health Insurance Scheme

IDA - International Development Agency

IFAD – International Fund for Agricultural Development

IGF - Internally Generated Funds

ISD - Information Service Department

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LEAP - Livelihood Empowerment Against Poverty

CAD - Central Administration Department

MTDP - Medium Term Development Plan

NDPC - National Development Planning Commission

NGO - None Governmental Organisation

PSP - Private Sector Participation

PPAG - Planned Parenthood Association of Ghana

POCC - Potentials Opportunities Challenges and Constraints

KEEA - Komenda-Edina-Eguafo-Abrem

GNWP - Ghana Netherlands WASH Programme

SHEP - Self Help Electrification Programme

VNG - Association of Netherlands Municipalities

SMC - School Management Committee

LGCSP - Local Government Capacity Support Programme

UDG - Urban Development Grant

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Executive Summary- This includes:

and participation of key stakeholders including public hearings

for 2014-2017 (as informed by both the Community needs and aspirations and the GSGDA,

2010-2013)

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PERFORMANCE REVIEW/ CURRENT SITUATION

Performance Review Prior to the preparation of 2014 – 2017 MTDP, the KEEA was implementing programmes and

projects proposed in 2010 – 2013 MTDP. The 2010 – 2013 MTDP was prepared in line with GSGDA

I under seven (7) thematic areas. These were:

Ensuring and Sustaining Macroeconomic Stability

Enhancing Competitiveness of Ghana’s Private Sector

Accelerated Agriculture Modernisation and Sustainable Natural Resource Management

Oil and Gas Development

Infrastructure, Energy and Human Settlements

Human Development, Productivity and Employment

Transparent and Accountable Governance

In accordance with the themes above, the KEEA Municipal Assembly (KEEA) formulated and

outlined development programmes, projects and activities to achieve the intended targets of the

GSGDA.

However, certain factors impeded the successful implementation of some of the programmes,

projects and activities outlined in the 2010-2013 MTDP of the District. Paramount among these

factors included, low internally generated funds, inadequate/irregular flow of funds and weak

departmental linkages. The issue of increase waste generation and difficulty of managing it was

another major problem that adversely affected the implementation of the 2010-2013 MTDP of the

District.

In spite of these challenges and problems, remarkable progress has been made with regard to the

implementation of programmes and projects geared towards meeting the socio – economic needs

of residents in the Municipality.

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Review of the 2010-2013 MTDP The review of the 2010-2013 Medium Term Plan brought to the fore the achievements,

developmental problems and constraints that worked against the full realization of the

Development Goal of the Municipality. These are presented below.

Achievements

During the period under review, the following are some of the Municipality performed creditably

well in the following areas.

i. Farmer education

ii. Extension of electricity and Telecommunication facilities

iii. Provision of Sanitation facilities

iv. Improvement in the provision of Educational infrastructure

v. Reduction in infant and maternal mortality

vi. Improvement in the National Health Insurance coverage

vii. Improvement in School enrolment and Gender parity Index

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REVIEW UNDER THE THEMATIC AREAS

Ensuring and Sustaining Macroeconomic Stability

Having reviewed the profile, the following development issues were identified.

Policy Objective Programme Indicator Target Level of

Achievement

Remarks

20

10

20

11

20

12

20

13

Improve fiscal revenue mobilization and management

Eliminate revenue collection leakages by building the capacity of revenue collectors;

Property revaluation

Increased performance in IGF generation and management

Increase in IGF by 50% by December, 2013

15

%

20

%

20

%

14

%

Performance was negatively affected by the lack of adequate funds to effectively undertake all planned activities under the thematic area

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Enhancing Competitiveness of Ghana’s private sector


Achievement

Remarks

20

10

20

11

20

12

20

13

Improve efficiency and competitiveness of MSMEs

Facilitate the provision of training and business development services

Business Advisory Center (BAC) established under the Rural Enterprises Project of the Ministry of Trade and Industry

To train 20% of

MSMEs by

December, 2013 - -

5%

10

%

The attainment of the objective

was challenged by the late start of

operations by the BAC

Promote sustainable tourism to preserve historical, cultural and natural heritage

Ensure tourism planning in Municipal Development plans to

promote tourism development Develop sustainable

eco-tourism, culture and

historical sites

Investor

confidence boosted

with enhanced

security in the

Municipality

Increase investment

in the tourism

sector to contribute

to the Local

Economy

5%

5%

15

%

10

%

The irregular flow of revenue has

been the reason for the Assembly’s

inability to meet the target

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Accelerated Agriculture Modernisation and Sustainable Natural Resource Management

Policy Objective Programme Indicator Target Level of Achievement

Remarks

20

10

20

11

20

12

20

13

Improve post-production management

Develop effective post-harvest management strategies, particularly storage facilities, at individual and community levels

Provision of Storage

facilities for

agricultural produce

To put facilities in

place to contain 30 %

of produce 15

%

20

%

10

%

20

%

Yields were reduced by

incidence of late rains and

high cost of farm inputs

Enhance capacity to adapt to climate change impacts

Increase resilience to climate change impacts through early warning systems

Implement alternative livelihoods strategies to minimize impacts of climate change on the poor and vulnerable especially women

Minimize climate change impacts on socio-economic

development through improved agriculture practices

Climate Change and

Disaster Risk

Reduction

Campaigns

undertaken and

Alternative

livelihood

programmes

organised

To mitigate the effects

of Climate Change on

the livelihood of the

people

12

%

10

%

15

%

10

%

The Assembly was assisted

by the National Security in

dealing with Illegal

Sandwining along the

beaches. EPA and others

need to help in dealing with

some of the bad

environmental practices in

the Municipality

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Infrastructure, Energy and Human Settlements

Policy Objective Programme Indicator Target Level of Achievemen

t

Remarks

20

10

20

11

20

12

20

13

Develop adequate skilled human resource base

Prepare and implement a comprehensive human resource development plan

Capacity Buiding Plans prepared

To Increase and sustain the capacity and logistic requirements of the Assembly

10

%

10

%

25

%

15

%

Lack of funds has made it impossible to achieve targets set

Promote the conversion of waste to energy

Promote energy production from waste

Ghana Netherlands WASH Programme MasterPlan prepared

50% of the waste is recycled, re-used or transferred into energy

- -

5%

15

%

Municipal Biomethanation Sewage Plant completed to process waste into fertilizer and gas

Promote proactive planning for disaster prevention and mitigation

Improve planning and development of infrastructure in hazard-prone areas landscapes and wetland areas Promote planning and integration of climate change and disaster risk reduction measures into all facets of national development planning

Climate Change and Disaster Risk Reduction planning, budgeting and Campaigns undertaken

To mitigate the effects of Climate Change on the livelihood of the people 1

2%

10

%

15

%

10

%

A number of Climate Change and Disaster Risk Reduction activities were undertaken

Accelerate the provision of adequate, safe and affordable water

Ensure sustainable funding for rural water delivery

Develop and manage alternative sources of water, including rain water harvesting

Strengthen PPPs in water provision

Vision and Mission

for the water sector

outlined in the GNWP

MasterPlan

Over 40% households in urban and 25% of peri-urban areas connected to a piped water network

- - -

10

%

Work on the GWNP water

component has delayed

the attainment of this

target

Accelerate the provision Promote the construction and use Percentage of To provide 20% of - - 2 %

1 0 %

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of improved environmental sanitation facilities

of modern household and institutional toilet facilities

Expand disability-friendly sanitation facilities

Improve the conditions and management of urban sewerage systems

Scale-up the Community Led Total Sanitation (CLTS) for the promotion of household sanitation Provide modern toilet and sanitary facilities in all basic schools

Provide modern toilet and sanitary facilities in all basic schools

population using improved sanitation

public places with

adequate facilities

percentage of

offenders

prosecuted

percentage of

population

practising hand

washing with soap

Percentage

practising open

defecation

percentage of

schools with pupil

to squat ratio <50

improved environmental sanitation facilities

for the Municipality

Targets were hinged on

the early start of activities

under the GNWP which

eventually started late.

Ensure the development and implementation of health and hygiene education as a component of all water and sanitation programmes

Promote behavioral change (hand washing with soap, household water treatment and safe storage, safe excreta disposal) to curtail open defecation in communities - -

5%

10

%

Human Development, Productivity and Employment

Policy Objective Programme Indicator Target Level of Achievement

Remarks

20

10

20

11

20

12

20

13

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Promote effective child development in all communities, especially deprived areas

Mainstream children’s issues in development planning at all levels especially those of children with special needs

Implement the Early Childhood Care and

Development Programme

Promote advocacy and create public awareness on the rights of children

key projects and appropriate programmes to enhance child protection and development formulated and implemented

To enhance child protection and development in the Municipality by 40%

- -

5%

10

%

Inadequate funds and the

lukewarm attitude of

parents towards child right

campaigns

Increase inclusive and equitable access to, and

participation in education at all levels

To undertake activities to support the campaign for accelerated reduction of maternal mortality in Africa (CARMMA) and to bridge the equity gaps in geographical access to health

services

Upgrade the Elmina Urban Health Center (EUHC)to handle more cases

Provide sponsorship for in-service training for midwives in the Municipality

Conduct campaign on family planning and maternal care services

Construction of 3No. CHPS Compounds

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Ensure provision of adequate

training and skills

development in line with global trends

Streamline recruitment and skills development under the self-employment modules of the GYEEDA



Achievement

Remarks

xviii

20

10

20

11

20

12

20

13

Expand and sustain

opportunities for effective

citizens’ engagement

Promote coordination, harmonisation and ownership of the development process

Enhance avenues for citizens’ engagement with The Assembly at all levels to ensure responsiveness and accountability

Expand and ensure effective SPEFA and Town Hall Meetings

To get all relevant stakeholders to effectively participate and make inputs into the Assembly planning and budgeting process

15

%

20

&

45

%

20

%

SPEFA and Town Hall Meetings were successfully held

Mainstream local economic

development (LED) for growth

and local employment creation

Facilitate the planning and implementation Local Economic Development Programmes by the Assembly

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CHAPTER ONE

CURRENT SITUATION OF DEVELOPMENT

INTRODUCTION

This section provides the general characteristics of the Municipality including physical and

demographic characteristics. The state of the conditions influences opportunities for investment

and eventual direction of the development programme.

HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE Found in the Central Region of Ghana, the people of the Komenda-Edina-Eguafo-Abrem

Municipality (KEEA) have been in existence for over seven hundred (700) years. It is made up of

four Municipal Traditional Areas or States, which have been put together to constitute a political

Municipality called Komenda-Edina-Eguafo-Abrem Municipality. Carved out of the Cape Coast

Municipal Council, the KEEA Municipality was one of the forty-six (46) new districts created in

1988 as part of Ghana’s Decentralization Programme.

The Municipality has chequered history and rich cultural heritage. The drama of European

Colonization and its attendant concomitants were initiated from the Central Region and particularly

the KEEA Municipality. The Municipality has a fantastic assemblage of culture. Elmina, the

Municipal capital, prides itself as the first point of call by the Europeans on their exploration tour of

Africa. It had the first contact with the Portuguese in 1471. The oldest Castle in Africa, south of the

Sahara, the Elmina Castle, (built by the Portuguese in 1482), is located in the Municipality.

Originally, the European commercial interest in the area in particular and the then Gold Coast in

general, was in gold alongside products like pepper and ivory. By the end of the 17th century the

trade in slaves for the plantations in the New World was introduced. During their presence in the

KEEA Municipality, the Europeans had a significant influence on the culture and socio-economic

development of the people (particularly, the Dutch in Elmina). The Castle, which has been declared

as one of the 314 World Heritage Monuments by the United Nations Education and Scientific

Organization (UNESCO) attracts circa 100,000 tourists annually (of which over 50,000 are foreign

tourists). The mutual trade relations between the Municipality and its people, (particularly the

people of Elmina) and the Dutch span over 300 years. The Municipality still has the traces of those

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relationships in terms of architecture, monuments (Dutch Cemetery in Elmina) and European

offspring as well as names.

PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS LOCATION AND SIZE The Municipality is bounded on the south by the Atlantic Ocean (Gulf of Guinea), the east by the

Cape Coast Metropolis, the north by the Twifo-Atti-Mokwa and the Hemang –Lower Denkyira

Districts; and the west by the Mpohor – Wassa East District. Perched between longitude 1ͦ 20’West

and 1ͦ 40’ West and latitude 5 ͦ 05’North and 5ͦ north 15’North the Municipality covers an area of

372.45 square kilometers which is about 3.8% of the total area of the Central Region (9563 square

kilometers). The figures 1 and 2 below show the map of the Municipality in the national context.

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RELIEF AND DRAINAGE

The landscape of the Municipality is generally undulating dominated by batholiths. Along the

coastal zone is a series of lagoons and wetlands, the largest of which include the Benya, Brenu, and

Susu Lagoons. These lagoons support a vibrant salt industry.

The slopes and hills are steep in inland areas. In between the hills are valleys of various streams,

which drain into the coastal lagoon and the Atlantic Ocean. These streams include the Hua and Anta

in the west and the Udu and Suruwi in the east.

GEOLOGY AND SOILS

Mainly the Birimian rock type consisting of schist and granites as well as pegmatite underlies a

large proportion of the district. On the slopes of the hills, the overburden soils are sandy clayey

while the valleys have gravely sandy colluviums.

Although several minerals such as gold, diamond, kaolin, clay, muscovite mica and quartz are

believed to exist, appropriate studies are yet to be done to confirm their existence and economic

viability.

CLIMATE

The coastal areas of the Municipality form part of the littoral anomalous zone of Ghana and

experience a lower rainfall region compared with the interior locations. Temperatures are

generally high. And so the variability in climate and vegetation is influenced more by rainfall than

temperature. With double maxima, annual rainfall totals in coastal locations ranges between 750

and 1,000mm while in the more interior areas, it ranges between 1200 and 1500mm.

The district is generally humid. Relative humidity in the mornings varies between 85% and 99%. In

the afternoons however, this can decline to between 50-85%.

VEGETATION The vegetation varies according to the rainfall pattern. In coastal areas the vegetation consists of

shrubs of about 1.5m high, grasses and scattered trees. In the interior, secondary forests occur but

human activities are fast depleting this forest base.

The vegetation supports the cultivation of food and cash crops such as pineapple, cocoanuts, citrus,

cassava, vegetables, sugar cane, plantain, maize and palm oil among others.

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ENVIRONMENTAL SITUATION

The status of the environment in the Municipality is captured under two categories, namely, the

Natural Environment where the majority of the people spend the day to obtain their livelihood and

the Built Environment or Human settlement.

Natural Environment

The natural Environmental consist of the natural physical and non-physical elements that support

human life. The Secondary forest base provides a variety of timber species, which are currently

being exploited. The type of forest along most of the coastal belt of the Municipality, like other parts

of the country, is mangrove, which thrives well particularly in swampy areas around lagoons and

other water bodies. At a kilometer stretch into the hinterland from the coast, one encounters

another strip of forest. The natural forest here consists of hardwood varieties or species like Wawa,

Mahogany, Odum Kyekyen, Edinam, Otie, Danta, Onyina Koben and other species.

A variety of wild animals are also found in the forest, these include antelopes, monkeys and rats.

The forest provides the bulk of energy supply needs of the people of the district in the form of

firewood and charcoal. The forest also protects the land from dangerous erosion and other

environmental hazards. Provision of shades, oxygen and other gases and beautification for

recreation is some of the demands on the resource. Various minerals occur throughout the

Municipality. Gold is believed to be in existence in the Eguafo area. Alluvial diamonds are obtained

from the beds of Ntintre stream around Ankaase and Saaman. The table below gives some details of

the mineral deposits in the municipality.

Table 1: Mineral Deposits in the KEEA Municipality TYPE OF MINERALS LOCATION IN DISTRICT

Gold Berase, Eguafo, Dwabor, Egyeikrom

Diamond Ankase, Saman, komfokrom.

Kaolin Abrem Agona, Antado

Clay Brenu lagoon banks, Dutch Komenda, Abrem Agona Eduegyei

Muscovite Mica Essiam, Simiw

Quartz Eguafo Source: Field Survey Data, 2013 In addition, a thriving salt industry occurs in the coastal zone. The major centres are Brenu

Akyinmu, Dwira akyinmu, Bantuma, Mbofra Akyinmu and Elmina.

The natural vegetation, including primary and secondary forest, in the Municipality is almost

depleted. This has resulted from the activities of loggers, fuel wood gathers, charcoal producers,

and traditional farmers who use inappropriate farming practices.

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FIGURE 2

The Built Environment

The built Environment is made up of the man-made features and activities which support human

life. Educational infrastructure, water and sanitation facilities, health facilities, post and

telecommunications and roads are some of the prominent elements that exist in this environment.

Housing needs, economic as well as industrial activities are all organized within the built

environment

Currently, there are 200 settlements in the municipality and the spread reflect all the three types of

settlement design namely the dispersed, nucleated and linear. Some areas in the Elmina town and

Komenda have the linear design with the rest dominated by the scattered designs.

Poor street layout, lack of proper drainage systems and non-adherence to building regulations are

just a few of the problems that have negatively impacted on the aesthetics and development of the

built environment.

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Waste management is a major problem being grappled with resulting in the prevalence of diseases.

This will require huge interventions aimed correcting attitudes and embarking on infrastructural

development.

Energy Usage the Environment

Firewood, charcoal, electricity, kerosene and Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) are the main sources

of energy in the Municipality for domestic purposes. Most people use firewood and charcoal for

domestic cooking purposes. A negligible number of people use Liquefied Petroleum Gas in addition

to the above. These are mostly the middle-class elite in Elmina. The major source of energy,

however, remains the natural vegetation. Fuel wood is used in heating and cooking. Fishmongers

particularly use firewood extensively for the smoking of fish. The above activities together with

other human interferences have reduced the forest vegetation to that of secondary forest in the

interior and shrubs in the coastal zone. It is to be noted that individual farmers are engaged in agro-

forestry, for both food and charcoal and this would be encouraged in the plan period.

The Municipality is connected to the national electricity grid and a sizeable number of towns and

villages are supplied with electricity. However, power outage and fluctuation of voltage are

common phenomenon. Occasional drought in the country also affects power generation and

subsequently the supply of power to the entire nation, KEEA Municipality being no exception.

Generations, powered by petrol and diesel oil are used during power outage or during periods of

power rationing. Increased demand for firewood and charcoal, and the subsequent increase in

woodcutting for charcoal production has a strong impact on the vegetation and the environment in

general.

Power in the Municipality is received from the power generation stations in Ghana, particularly

from the Akosombo Hydro Station. The Electricity Company of Ghana (ECG) is the sole distributor

of electric power in the Municipality. Few individuals and organizations have generators, especially

in Elmina, to provide them with electricity in case of power outage.

Petrol and diesel oil are used to duel motor vehicles (cars, Lorries) as well as engines of fishing

vessels (boats), outboard motors fitted to canoes, and motor cycles. Kerosene is used in lamps,

stoves and generators among other appliances

It is envisaged that many more towns and villages will enjoy this facility during the plan period.

Evidence of Pollution of Water Bodies

Water bodies in the Municipality are made up of rivers, streams, lagoon, the sea, dams and wells or

ponds. Human activities have more or less affected the quality and quantity of these water bodies to

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the extent that most of them have dried or are drying up. These include farming activities around

water sources, clearing of vegetation for construction and other purposes thereby exposing the

water body to the direct rays of the sun, and sitting of industries along the banks of these water

sources. Groves that were considered sacred and provided shades that protected the adjoining

lands have been cleared for building purposes. The result is high temperatures in most

communities. The pressure on marine, river, lagoon and mangrove resources mainly results from

unscientific and /or selfish exploitation and farming along the banks and usage of wrong

agricultural chemicals which are washed into these water sources.

The District has many lagoons, notably Benya, Brenu, Mpropro and Komenda. The Benya and Sweet

Rivers of Elmina do not experience extensive exploitation pressure in terms of fishing. Use of cast

nets and angling in these rivers are commensurate with fish stocks. Besides, the culture of the

people allows for replenishment of fish stocks. For example, the banning of fishing in the Benya

River for six weeks preceding the first Tuesday of July, the Bakatue festival day, even though

unintended, allows for breeding of fish in the river.

The exploitation pressure on the lagoons/rivers, particularly the Benya River, is in the provision of

brine for salt making. Unplanned construction of Saltpans in the course of the river hinders the

natural flow of the river over a long stretch. Saltpans have been constructed in such a manner that

only those nearest the mouth of the river get enough brine directly from natural inflow. The

construction of the saltpans also puts pressure on the mangrove swamp and forest. Mangrove trees

are cut away to allow construction of pans. This affects the flora and fauna of the swamp. Fishes and

other aquatic animals caught up in the saltpans where concentration of salt solution is high are

killed in their numbers.

A scientific investigation in the state of pollution of the Elmina coast in 1991 found it to be under

serious environmental threat (Annan-Prah & Ameyaw-Akumfi, 1991). The research found major

solid waste pollutant along the beach such as: faeces, tar balls, bottles, plastic buckets, food

wrappers, ‘poki’ ice cream containers, bottle tops, plastic bags, and groundnut wrappers. The

researchers also recorded values for heavy metals such as Zinc, Copper, Lead and Mercury. At low

tide the average coli form counts of the sea, up to ten meters from the shore was 22.7%.

The implications of these findings suggest that the area is at least not a depository of petroleum

products from ocean-going vessels. Yet, it is recognizable that the balls may result from bitumen

used for selling boats on the beach. Heavy metal concentrations are below WHO standards for

8

water. However, fishing vessels use led fuel and periodical monitoring of lead levels is

recommended. Faeces pollution is the most serious environmental pressure, which needs control.

Given that the salt content of this sea is likely to kill most common germs, the values obtained give

room for vigilance. Drains in towns and villages open into the sea, lagoons and rivers. It is common

knowledge that some irresponsible citizens empty faeces into street drains, the sea and lagoons.

In some communities, refuse dumps and public toilet facilities are situated near the sea and other

sources of water. The result is that, waste materials are washed into these water bodies during

heavy rains thereby polluting them. Some people raise pigs along the seashore and the edges of

mangrove swamps. This leads to a flow of waste matter from the pigsties into the lagoons.

Inadequate toilet facilities force the populace to use the beaches, bushes and open places as

defecating grounds that where run-offs from rains eventually wash the waste materials into water

bodies. These constitute the downstream. The Benya Lagoon is highly polluted as a result of

dumping of liquid and solid waste into it.

The Municipal Assembly would embark on the following strategic plans to prevent further pollution

of the lagoon as well as make efforts to rehabilitate it. The Assembly will liaise with the

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the Water Resources Institutes (WRI), the Fisheries

Department and other line Agencies to find ways of treating the already polluted lagoon (a private

firm which deals in environmental management may be contracted to handle the treatment of the

lagoons). The Municipal Environment Management Committee would be made to carry out an

Action Plan geared towards education of the people on the effects of using the lagoons as waste

disposal points.

9

FIGURE 3:

10

DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS POPULATION SIZE According to the 2000 PHC, the Municipality had a population of 112,437 which represented about

7.1 % of the region’s total population then. The Population and Housing Census of 2010 however

puts the population at 144,705. The Municipality has a projected population of 161,208 using the

growth rate of 2.7% as at 2014. The Municipality now has 200 communities, compared to 152

communities as the situation was in 2000, with Elmina as the capital. The table below shows the

estimated population for the plan period.

TABLE 2: ESTIMATED POPULATION FOR 2014 - 2017

YEAR PHC ESTIMATION PROJECTION FOR PLAN PERIOD 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

PROJECTED POPULATION

144,705 148,665 152,733 156,913 161,208 165,620 170,152 174,809

In the table below, however, the estimated populations of the first twenty settlements are presented. FIGURE 4:

11

TABLE 3: POPULATION FIGURES FOR THE 2O LARGEST COMMUNITIES

No. LOCALITY NAME

POPULATION

2010PHC PROJECTED 2014 PROJECTED 2015 PROJECTED 2016 PROJECTED 2017

TOTAL MALE FEM TOTAL MALE FEMALE TOTAL MALE FEMALE TOTAL MALE FEMALE TOTAL MALE FEMALE

1 ELMINA 23013 10639 12374 25,637 11,852 13,785 26,339 12116 14,223 27,060 12448 14,612 27,800 12788 15,012

2 KOMENDA 14754 6709 8045 16,436 7,474 8,962 16,886 7599 9,287 17,348 7807 9,541 17,823 8020 9,803

3 KISSI 7160 3357 3803 7,976 3,749 4,227 8,194 3,851 4,341 8,419 3,957 4,462 8,649 4,065 4,583

4 ABREM AGONA

6302 3021 3281 7,020 3,370 3,650 7,212 3462 3,750 7,410 3483 3,927 7,613 3578 4,035

5 BANTOMA 4200 1968 2232 4,679 2199 2,480 4,807 2259 2,548 4,938 2321 2,617 5,073 2384 2,689

6 BRONYIBIMA 3504 1654 1850 3,902 1834 2,068 4,010 1885 2,125 4,120 1936 2,184 4,232 1989 2,243

7 ANKAFUL 3130 2846 284 3,486 3172 314 3,582 3260 322 3,680 3349 331 3,781 3441 340

8 NTRANOA 2820 1303 1517 3,141 1445 1,696 3,227 1484 1,743 3,315 1525 1,790 3,406 1567 1,839

9 BESEASE 2705 1313 1392 3,013 1446 1,567 3,095 1486 1,609 3,180 1526 1,654 3,267 1568 1,699

10 ABREM BESEASE

2700 1321 1379 3,007 1473 1,534 3,090 1514 1,576 3,174 1555 1,619 3,261 1598 1,663

11 TETTEH KESSIM

2496 1172 1324 2,780 1307 1,473 2,856 1342 1,514 2,934 1379 1,555 3,015 1417 1,598

12 DOMENASE 2493 1188 1305 2,777 1333 1,444 2,853 1369 1,484 2,931 1407 1,524 3,011 1445 1,566

13 ABOROBEANO 2440 1082 1358 2,718 1196 1,522 2,792 1228 1564 2,869 1262 1,607 2,947 1297 1,650

14 ESSAMAN JUNCTION

2319 1025 1294 2,583 1137 1,446 2,654 1168 1,486 2,726 1199 1,527 2,801 1232 1,569

15 AMPENYI 2194 1033 1161 2,444 1149 1,295 2,511 1180 1,331 2,579 1212 1,367 2,650 1246 1,405

16 DUTCH KOMENDA

2187 1033 1154 2,436 1145 1,291 2,503 1176 1,327 2,571 1208 1,363 2,641 1241 1,400

17 ABEYEE 2121 1073 1048 2,362 1205 1,157 2,427 1238 1,189 2,493 1271 1,222 2,562 1307 1,255

18 ABORANSA 1982 885 1097 2,208 994 1,214 2,268 1021 1,247 2,330 1049 1,282 2,394 1077 1,317

19 AMISANO 1863 892 971 2,075 996 1,079 2,132 1023 1,109 2,190 1051 1,139 2,250 1080 1,170

20 ESIAM 1824 863 961 2,032 955 1,077 2,087 981 1,106 2,144 1008 1,136 2,203 1035 1,168

13

Introduction

One of the most important characteristics of a population is its age-sex structure. Age and sex

influence many demographic trends. An understanding the age and sex structure of a population

yields insights into changing population composition and highlights social and economic challenges.

All levels of government need information on age and sex composition of the population in planning

and development and in provision of services. For example, an important use of census data on age

and sex is the planning of adequate schools for school age population. This chapter describes the

population size and distribution, age and sex composition, migration, fertility and mortality of

Komenda-Edina-Eguafo-Abrem in 2010.

Population Size and Distribution

Table 2.1 shows the population by age, sex and type of locality within the municipality. In the

Komenda-Edina-Eguafo-Abrem Municipality, out of a total population of 144,705, 69,665 are males

and 75,040 are females bringing the sex ratio to 92.8 meaning for every 92.8 males, there are 100

females within the municipality. In the urban-rural settings, 35.7% of the population lives in urban

areas and 64.3% in rural areas. The highest proportion of the population are those aged 0-4 years.

Within the same age group 49.1 percent are males and the sex ratio is 103.7 which are higher than

the sex ratio of the municipality (92.8).

14

Table 4: Population by age, sex and type of locality

Sex

Type of locality

Age-group Both

Sexes Male Female Sex

ratio Urban Rural

All Ages 144,705 69,665 75,040

92.8

51,690 93,015

0 - 4 20,219 10,295 9,924

103.7

7,015 13,204

5 – 9 19,202 9,688 9,514

101.8

6,593 12,609

10 – 14 18,681 9,520 9,161

103.9

6,543 12,138

15 - 19 15,581 7,914 7,667

103.2

5,717 9,864

20 - 24 11,608 5,509 6,099

90.3

4,546 7,062

25 - 29 10,174 4,824 5,350

90.2

3,644 6,530

30 - 34 8,102 3,793 4,309

88.0

2,922 5,180

35 - 39 7,536 3,593 3,943

91.1

2,644 4,892

40 - 44 6,674 3,093 3,581

86.4

2,407 4,267

45 - 49 5,590 2,637 2,953

89.3

2,004 3,586

50 - 54 5,386 2,415 2,971

81.3

1,915 3,471

55 - 59 3,508 1,695 1,813

93.5

1,230 2,278

60 - 64 3,322 1,412 1,910

73.9

1,207 2,115

65 - 69 2,374 1,011 1,363

74.2

873 1,501

70 - 74 2,557 920 1,637

56.2

880 1,677

75 - 79 1,541 536 1,005

53.3

605 936

80 - 84 1,373 402 971

41.4

498 875

85 - 89 674 227 447

50.8

234 440

90 - 94 408 114 294

38.8

155 253

95 - 99 195 67 128

52.3

58 137

All Ages 144,705 69,665 75,040

92.8

51,690 93,015

0-14 58,102 29,503 28,599

103.2

20,151 37,951

15-64 77,481 36,885 40,596

90.9

28,236 49,245

65+ 9,122 3,277 5,845

56.1

3,303 5,819 Age-dependency ratio 86.8 88.9 84.8 83.1 88.9

Source: Ghana Statistical Service, 2010 Population and Housing Census.

Age-Sex Structure (include age dependency ratio)

The age-sex pyramid is an important tool for analyzing age and sex composition of a population.

Figure 2.1 shows the population pyramid of Komenda-Edina-Eguafo-Abrem in 2010. The shape of a

15

population pyramid provides important information about population composition. The shape

closely mirrors that of the regional pyramid. It has a broad base gradually tapering off at the older

ages. This is an indication of a youthful, growing population.

Diagram 1: Population pyramid by age and sex

Migration, Fertility and Mortality

There are substantial variations in fertility across the municipality and the figures are presented in

table 2.2. The total fertility rate of is 3.6. General fertility rate is 106.3 a little lower than the

regional figure and crude birth rate is 24.9. In the Central Region, the district with the highest total

fertility rate is Asikuma-Odoben-Brakwa (4.68), followed by Upper Denkyira West (4.52), Assin

South ( 4.31) and Abura-Asebu-Kwamankese (4.15). The comparison of districts by crude birth rate

and general fertility rate roughly follows a similar patterns as total fertility rate. On the whole,

districts with high crude birth rate and general fertility rate also have high total fertility rate.

Factors explaining the fertility variations may include low use of contraceptives and lower ages at

first marriage in these districts.

Nationality

Table 3.5 shows that 96.3% of the population of KEEA are Ghanaians by birth which comprises 96%

males and 96.5% females. Furthermore, 0.9 percent of the population is from ECOWAS

states,comprising 1.1% males and 0.7% females. In addition, those from other Africa states other

than ECOWAS states represent 0.4% of the population.

Male Female

16

Table 5: Population by nationality and sex

Nationality

Both Sexes

Male

Female

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

Total 144,705 100.0

69,665 100.0

75,040 100.0

Ghanaian by birth 139,281 96.3

66,853 96.0

72,428 96.5

Dual Nationality 2,413 1.7

1,236 1.8

1,177 1.6 Ghanaian by naturalization 698 0.5

358 0.5

340 0.5

ECOWAS 1,278 0.9

732 1.1

546 0.7 Africa other than ECOWAS 536 0.4

262 0.4

274 0.4

Other 499 0.3 224 0.3 275 0.4 Source: Ghana Statistical Service, 2010 Population and Housing Census.

Religious Affiliation

Data on religious affiliation and sex in the municipality is presented in Table 3.6.

Pentecostals/Charismatic constitute the highest religious affiliation with a total number of 41,061

which represent 28.4% of the total population. Considering the male population, 27.1% are

Pentecostal/Charismatic and 29.6% of the female populations are also in the same category which

represents the highest in all cases.

Table 6: Population by religion and sex

Religion

Both sexes

Male

Female

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

Total 144,705

100.0

69,665

100.0

75,040

100.0

No Religion 12,045

8.3

7,493

10.8

4,552

6.1

Catholic 26,282

18.2

12,568

18.0

13,714

18.3

Protestant (Anglican Lutheran etc.)

25,714

17.8

12,144

17.4

13,570

18.1

Pentecostal/Charismatic 41,061

28.4

18,862

27.1

22,199

29.6

Other Christians 30,213

20.9

13,570

19.5

16,643

22.2

Islam 7,590

5.2

4,143

5.9

3,447

4.6

Traditionalist 798

0.6

429

0.6

369

0.5

17

Other (Specify) 1,002

0.7

456

0.7

546

0.7


Population with Disability

Over the past few decades there has been an international consensus on the recognition of the

rights of persons with disabilities with emphasis on the promotion of their dignity, and inclusive

development. Evidence is needed to make informed decisions on policies and programmes.

Knowing the characteristics and understanding the numbers of people with disabilities and their

circumstances can enhance policies that address barriers that prevent persons with disabilities

(PWDs) from participating more effectively in national development. The Ghana 2010 Population

and Housing was the first census in the country to include questions on disabilities. This chapter

presents data on the prevalence of disability, type of disability, distribution by type of locality,

disability and economic activity, disability, education and literacy in the Municipality.

The proportions of persons with disability by type of disability and locality type are shown in Table

6.1 shows that 6.3 (6.0% males and 6.5% females) percent of the population of the municipality are

PWDs. Furthermore, 5.0 percent and 7.0 percent of the urban and rural populations of the

municipality are, respectively, PWDs.

18

Table 7: Population by type of locality, disability type and sex

Disability Type

Both sexes

Male Female

Number percent

Number percent Number percent

All localities Total 144,705 100.0

69,665 100.0

75,040 100.0

Without disability 135,626 93.7

65,484 94.0

70,142 93.5

With disability 9,079 6.3

4,181 6.0

4,898 6.5

Sight 4,684 51.6

2,108 50.4

2,576 52.6

Hearing 1,071 11.8

469 11.2

602 12.3

Speech 746 8.2

371 8.9

375 7.7

Physical 2,654 29.2

1,118 26.7

1,536 31.4

Intellect 1,005 11.1

480 11.5

525 10.7

Emotion 1,130 12.4

479 11.5

651 13.3

Other 842 9.3

363 8.7

479 9.8

Urban Total 51,690 100.0

23,943 100.0

27,747 100.0


22,899 95.6

26,221 94.5


1,044 4.4

1,526 5.5

Sight 1,137 44.2

402 38.5

735 48.2

Hearing 264 10.3

100 9.6

164 10.7

Speech 232 9.0

111 10.6

121 7.9

Physical 854 33.2

345 33.0

509 33.4

Intellect 265 10.3

113 10.8

152 10.0

Emotion 339 13.2

141 13.5

198 13.0

Other 302 11.8

129 12.4

173 11.3

Rural Total 93,015 100.0

45,722 100.0

47,293 100.0


42,585 93.1

43,921 92.9


3,137 6.9

3,372 7.1

Sight 3,547 54.5

1,706 54.4

1,841 54.6

Hearing 807 12.4

369 11.8

438 13.0

Speech 514 7.9

260 8.3

254 7.5

Physical 1,800 27.7

773 24.6

1,027 30.5

Intellect 740 11.4

367 11.7

373 11.1

Emotion 791 12.2

338 10.8

453 13.4

Other 540 8.3

234 7.5

306 9.1 Source: Ghana Statistical Service, 2010 Population and Housing Census.

19

Type of Disability

As shown in Figure 6.1, the most common type of disability in the municipality is sight or visual

impairment. One-half of all persons with disability (51.6%) have challenges with sight or visual

impairment, whereas 29.2 percent of the population are physically disabled. Those disabled in

speech constitute the least (8.2%). From table 22 above, females constitute the highest proportions

of persons with disability (ie. 52.6%) than males (50.4%) with sight problems. About 8.2% of

persons with disability have challenges with speech which is the lowest in the municipality. In the

male population, 8.9% are disabled in speech and 7.7% females also disabled in speech which

represents the lowest proportions of persons with disability.

Diagram 2: Population by type of disability

Distribution by type of locality

From Figure 2, the data shows that in the urban-rural localities, 44.2% of persons with disability

have challenges with sight or visual impairment in urban areas. Out of the male population in the

urban areas, 38.5% are disabled in sight and 48.2% females are also disabled in sight. Among the

rural population of persons 15 years and older, 54.5% have challenges with sight. Among the male

female population, those with disability in sight are slightly the same for both males and females

(ie.54.4% and 54.6% respectively). From the table, it can deduced that the highest number of

Persons with disability (PWD) are sight and visual impairment.

Disability and activity

The economics activity status of persons with disability 15 years and older is shown in table 6.2.

About 6.8% of persons with disabilities (PWD) are employed, 5.9% are unemployed and 13.6% are

economically not active. Among the male population, 8.7% are persons with disability. Out of this,

about 6.3% of the male population who are disabled are employed, 5.4% are unemployed and

13.5% are economically not active. Comparing to the female population where 9.2% are persons

with disabilities. About 7.3% of PWD’s are females employed, 6.4% are unemployed and 13.7 are

economically not active. This presupposes that the economic activity status of females with

disabilities is higher than that of males

20

Housing Stock

Table 8 shows the stock of houses and households by type of locality. The table shows that the total

household population in the municipality is 139,056. Out of this, 50,420 are in the urban area and

88,636 are in the rural area. There are 25,290 houses within the municipality, out of which 6,981

are in the urban area and 18,309 are in the rural area. Furthermore, there are 35,402 households

within the municipality, 13,239 are in the urban area and 22,163 in the rural areas. The average

household per house in the municipality is 1.4, i.e., 1.9 in urban areas and 1.2 in rural areas. Finally,

average household size is 3.9, and it is slightly higher in rural areas (4.0) compared to urban areas

(3.8).

Table 8: Stock of houses and households by type of locality

Categories Total

country Region District Urban Rural

Total population 24,658,823 2,201,863 144,705 51,690 93,015 Total household population 24,076,327 2,113,766 139,056 50,420 88,636

Number of houses 3,392,745 346,699 25,290 6,981 18,309

Number of households 5,467,054 526,763 35,402 13,239 22,163 Average households per house 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.9 1.2

Population per house* 7.1 6.1 5.5 7.2 4.8

Average household size 4.4 4.0 3.9 3.8 4.0 Source: Ghana Statistical Service, 2010 Population and Housing Census.

Type of Dwelling, Holding and Tenancy Arrangements

Table 9 shows ownership status of dwelling by sex of household head and type of locality in the KEEA Municipality. The proportion of houses owned by members of household is over one-half (55.7%) and the proportion of houses owned by a relative who is not a household member is 21.7 percent. In addition, the proportion of dwelling units owned by other private individuals (not relatives) is 16.9 percent. Public or government-owned housing forms only a small proportion (2.8%), while only 0.2 percent of dwelling units are owned by other private agency. In rural areas the proportion of dwelling units owned by a household member is higher (70.2%) than in urban areas (29.8%). The proportion of dwelling units headed by males is higher across the Municipality (58.1%) and in

all ownership status except other (49.5%).

21

Table 9: Ownership status of dwelling by sex of household head and type of locality

Ownership status Total

country Region

District

Total Male

headed Female headed Urban Rural

Total 5,467,054 526,763

35,402 20,569 14,833

13,239 22,163 Owned by household member 2,883,236 272,070

19,713 11,353 8,360

5,876 13,837

Being purchased (e.g. mortgage) 45,630 3,896

332 217 115

191 141

Relative not a household member 851,630 115,683

7,703 4,189 3,514

3,539 4,164

Other private individual 1,439,021 118,549

5,972 3,708 2,264

2,883 3,089 Private employer 83,610 5,191

393 259 134

196 197

Other private agency 21,123 1,788

79 52 27

43 36 Public/Government

ownership 118,804 7,496

986 680 306

388 598 Other 24,000 2,090

224 111 113

123 101


Table 10: Type of occupied dwelling unit by sex of household head and type of locality

Type of dwelling Total

country Region

District

Total

Male headed

Female headed

Urban Rural

N % % % % %

Total 5,467,054 526,763 35,402 100.0

100.0 100.0

100.0 100.0

Separate house 1,471,391 158,608 13,173 37.2

38.0 36.1

22.2 46.2

Semi-detached house 391,548 36,734 2,877 8.1

7.9 8.4

8.7 7.8

Flat/Apartment 256,355 22,889 1,776 5.0

5.5 4.3

6.6 4.1

Compound house (rooms) 2,942,147 286,740 16,232 45.9

44.5 47.7

57.6 38.8 Huts/Buildings (same compound) 170,957 8,432 302 0.9

0.8 0.9

1.0 0.8

Huts/Buildings (different compound) 36,410 1,817 60 0.2

0.2 0.2

0.2 0.2

Tent 10,343 937 104 0.3

0.3 0.2

0.2 0.3 Improvised home (kiosk/containeretc) 90,934 3,674 514 1.5

1.7 1.2

2.3 1.0

Living quarters attached to office/shop 20,499 1,559 83 0.2

0.2 0.3

0.4 0.1

Uncompleted building 66,624 4,370 160 0.5

0.4 0.5

0.6 0.4

Other 9,846 1,003 121 0.3

0.3 0.4

0.2 0.5 Source: Ghana Statistical Service, 2010 Population and Housing Census.

22

DEVELOPMENT IMPLICATIONS

In addition, Population control measures must be put in place to avoid over Population. Promotion

of planned settlement Housing, good housing types, and use of appropriate technologies including

building materials are also pertinent issues of development that need to be addressed. The District

can adopt using religious denomination as an agent of development and involvement of the

majority of people who are women in decision-making.

Introduction of alternate employment opportunities to accelerate development and

reducing over dependence on agriculture.

Improving literacy rates as a measure of accelerated development.

Empowering female with emphasis on rural women as a measure of accelerating

development.

Population age, sex and labour distributions are factors that should be key in determining

project planning horizon, project type, project target, and project cycle.

LABOUR FORCE The potential working force is those aged 15 – 64 years. The potential working force constitutes

51.2% of the total population.

HUMAN SETTLEMENT PATTERNS The KEEA Municipality has seen remarkable improvement in development since it was carved out of the Cape Coast Municipal District in 1988. Development in this Municipality has however been inadequate. Elmina, the Municipal capital, stands out as the only settlement with higher order level services. Other settlements with some reasonable level of service delivery are Komenda and Agona. The pollution of a settlement does have some influence on the nature of the services in that settlement. Higher order services are often associated with settlements with large population and low order services with smaller settlements. A classification of settlements was made based on the nature of the services in the settlements (see scalogram). In all, 30 services were identified to aid in the classification. The measure used to arrive at the classification is the centrality index, which was obtained from a weighting of the services. A distinction was made between basic services (which serve external markets – exports – and therefore bring money into the towns) and non-basic or residential services which serve only local markets. Based on the weighting, the maximum score for any settlement for all the services would be 55. Elmina was the only settlement with services sufficient to be considered in Grade I. Komenda and Agona Abrem were grade ii centres. Eguafo was classified as Grade v settlements. Out of the 50 settlements ranked, 72% were Grade v settlements. A further 10% were Grade IV settlements. This situation is indicative of rural nature of the Municipality. In terms of service distribution, there was a preponderance of educational institutions. However, even here, basic schools dominate. Educational projects constituted 30% of all services of the

23

educational services, 66% were basic schools. About 68% of the settlements have safe water and 88% could be said to have adequate human excreta disposal systems. It should be borne in mind that the analysis is only for the 50 settlements of reasonable population size. The many settlements with population less than 200 people are poorly served with services and, in several cases; there are no services at all.

MICRO ECONOMY: The KEEA Municipality is dominated by the agricultural sector with fishing, and crop farming being

the predominant activities. The service and the industrial sectors are the other supporting areas of

the District Economy.

Although the Agricultural sector is made up of various sub components like crops, forestry, fishing,

livestock, and hunting, fishing constitute the major economic activity of the people in the area.

The industrial sector is dominated by the salt winning and agro processing activities. Fish, salt, Gari

selling and Tourism is an emerging sector which seems to hold a lot of prospects for the

municipality are the major commercial and service activities.

The agric sector employs about 85% (farming 54.5 fishing 10.9) of the economically active

population, followed by services 21.9 (commerce 9% and others12.9%) and then Industry 12.7%

The Municipality does not have any large industrial establishment. However, there are several

small and medium scale enterprises located throughout the district, which offer employment

opportunities to many people. These include boat making, oil extraction, garages, services such as

tailoring and dressmaking, barbering and hairdressing. Salt making is also an important industry. In

addition, alcohol, brick and tile and sawmills can be found in several areas. The Business Assistance

Centre (BAC) has over the years provided training in management skills as well as credit facilities

to these small enterprises. The coverage is however still limited.

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AGRICULTURE Agriculture is the backbone of the Municipality’s economy. Of the total area of 919.95 square kilometers, 86% (791.2 sq. km) is available as arable land; with just about 395.6km2 under cultivation of different types of crops depending on the locality. The municipality also has a very long coastal stretch which serves as the hub of fishing activities not just for the people in the municipality, but also for many others in the region and beyond. As mentioned earlier, 85% of the population is engaged in either fishing or production of food and cash crops. Fishing is done along the coastal stretch of the Municipality whilst farming is done inland towards the northern parts of the Municipality. FISHING The coastal stretch of the Municipality has fishing as the main economic activity of the people. Other subsidiary and related enterprises such as fish smoking, fish selling, charcoal business, etc. provide brisk business for many women in the area. TYPES OF FISHING Two main types of fishing are practiced. These are: Marine and Inland (fresh water) fishing. Inland Fishing Inland fishing is done on a limited scale. This is by fish farmers who usually combine it with their normal farming activities. Statistics show that, only two (2) active fish farmers are known in the district although other unregistered fish farmers exist. Marine Fishing Two groups of fishing fleet engage in marine fishing. These two groups, which together have a total of 760 canoes and fishing vessels, are: a. A fleet of 735 wooden dugout canoes, half of them motorized operate from 9 fishing villages and towns. b. The second fleet comprises vessels of particular type, which only operate from Elmina. This is a fleet of about 25 diesel engine inshore vessels using mainly light bottom trawl and purse seine nets. Marine fishing activities go on almost any day of the week with the exception of Tuesdays which is regarded as the taboo day for fishermen. The most predominant species of fish that are caught are sardines, some demersal species and crustacean. A variety of fishing gears are used in both marine and inland fishing. These are:

Trawl for motor fishing vessels; Ali, Poli and Wasta nets (APW) for both motorized fishing vessels and canoes; Drag-net for large canoes; and Set net for small and medium sized canoes; and Beach seine – manual used in both inland

and marine fishing. FISHING LANDING Elmina is the only fishing town in the Municipality with a fish landing which offers the only berthing and landing facilities for both inshore and canoe fleet. The rest of the fishing villages and towns lack this facility. There has been continuous decline in fish landings since 1995 due to many factors. Notable among these are the high cost of fishing inputs, unprotected and deteriorated landing beaches, unfavorable weather and the indiscriminate use of carbide.

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FISH PROCESSING Fish landed by the canoes and in-shore fleet is sold directly to the fishmongers who smoke the bulk of it with the rest being sun-dried or salted. Some of the fish is also sold directly to consumers at the landing sites. Fish processing is done mainly through smoking by using the traditional round mud ovens and the “Choker Smoker”. The traditional method of smoking contributes greatly to air pollution along the coastal zone due to inefficient biomass combustion generating large volumes of smoke. The latter method of processing has many advantages over the first and need to be adopted. However, the limiting factor is finance. CEDECOM has constructed one but it needs to be tested. It is located at the fishing village at Elmina. FISH STORAGE Fresh fish is usually stored in cold facilities. There are only two cold storage facilities at Elmina but no ice making plants. The inadequacy of storage facilities has resulted in the pervasive fish smoking along the coastal zone of the district. Alternatively, some of the smoked fish is converted into fish powder, which is packaged for marketing. This product can be preserved much longer than the smoked fish. CROP PRODUCTION Farm Sizes Agricultural activity is dominated by subsistence farming. Farmers in the district are mostly peasant farmers who rely on traditional and unscientific technologies in production. Average farm sizes are for around 0.5 ha Subsistence Farmers and 8ha for Commercial Farmers Major Crops Cultivated The major arable crops cultivated in the Municipality are, maize, cassava, plantain, sweet potato, pineapple, water melon and vegetables like beans, groundnut, pepper, garden eggs. Some cash crops cultivated in the Municipality are citrus, oil palm, cocoa and coconut. The production levels of these crops for the past years have been captured in the following tables.

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Table 11: Output of major crops produced during the planned period

TYPE OF CROPS OUTPUT IN METRIC TONNES ACTUALS TARGET

Food crops

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

Maize 8,221 7,638 3,894 5,579 11,624.2 3,894.3 24,269 17,631 19,835 22,314 25,104 28,241 Plantain 496 1,621 10,712 13,626 15,479.5 10,712.4 4,060 4,858 5,344 5,878 6,466 7,113 Sweet potatoes

19 20 21 21 23 24 26 27 31 34 39 44

Pineapple 3,968 5,696 6,849 8,329 5,421.7 5,693 6,321 6,512 6837 7179 7538 7915 Cassava 63,048 65,633 60,490 241,170 71,883.1 60,490.3 241,170 233,252 262,409 295,210 332,111 373,625 Vegetables 1,546 1,855 1,736 1,954 2,100 2,205 2,376 2,498 2622 2753 2890 3035

Cash crops Citrus 28,661 31,846 35,031 38,216 40,127 42,038 45,860 46,779 40,127 42,133 45,316 46,779 Oil palm 11,149 13,116 15,083 17,050 19,120 20,076 21,032 21,988 17,280 18,144 19,051 19,459 Coconut - - - - Cacao - - - -

*The vegetables are mostly okro, garden eggs and pepper.

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The major tree crops cultivated are citrus (oranges, lime) and oil palm. Tree crops cultivated on a minor scale are cocoa, coconut and coffee. Cultivation of cashew is being pursued increasingly by a number of farmers. Apart from the above the district also has the potential of producing groundnut and tiger nuts on commercial levels. Achievements during 2010-2013 Planned Period • Adoption rate of improved varieties of maize by farmers have been on the ascendancy gradually • Introduction of improved varieties of Sweet potato and cassava into the municipality by Root and Tuber Improvement Marketing Programme • Food handling by farmers saw an improvement over the previous practices Potentials of crop production The municipality has the potential to produce the above –mentioned crops to satisfy these areas mentioned above. • Economic growth • Food security • Poverty reduction • Export LAND TENURE SYSTEM The indigenous people communally own land. The custodians of this type of communal ownership are family or kingship ties. The administration of these lands is in the hands of the heads. Land is apportioned and given to family members or acquaintances according to certain laid down rules and procedures. The acquisition of land by non-indigenous members is governed by the‟ abunu‟ and „abusa‟ systems. Other forms of land acquisition also exist, including leasehold, and hiring, and outright purchases. These forms are practiced on limited basis. The land tenure system did not lend itself to expansion of farm lands. For example an acre of land attracts rent of 200 Ghana cedis per annum and this kills motivation. PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY The methods and Technology for farming are predominantly traditional and based on manual operations. Farming practice that is usually practiced is the slash and burn method. The age-old cutlass and the axe are used for clearing the land. The hoe is used both for seedbed preparation and weeding by women. The cutlass and the earth chisel for planting. These four hand tools are the main ones by which agricultural activities are carried on by the majority of the faming population in the Municipality. According a Survey conducted, 97% of the farmers practice mixed cropping and 23% mono cropping, indicating the customary behavioral system of spreading the risk of crop failure or loss over as many perennial crops as possible. SOURCE MOFA-Multi Round Annual Crop and Livestock Survey-2012 Farm Inputs Although traditional farming in the District continues to use the local maize and cassava varieties of planting materials, the use of improved varieties of planting materials is on the increase due to efforts by the Agriculture Extension Service. The use of farm chemicals is on a small scale for crop pest disease and weeds management in the field and in storage. The use of yield boosting chemicals like fertilizers and simple organic manure is being accepted at an appreciable rate among the farmers.

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Storage Facilities Storage is a basic problem, especially in the agricultural sector because there are no modern facilities for storage. This has led to a lot of post-harvest loses which is estimated to be about 30%. The traditional methods are still practiced extensively. For example, maize is still stored in barns and maize cribs. Cassava is dried and stored as “kokonte”. Oil palm is prepared and stored as palm oil in drums. A survey results indicate that 44 percent of the farmers use crib barns and 37 percent use kitchens for storage of maize. Due to the deficiencies in these storage practices, storage cannot be done on large scale. Another major challenge is that due to the prevalence of stealing every harvested crop has to be brought on the same day to the settlement at high costs sometimes involving head loads along motor roads and footpaths. Added to the above is the fact that there are not enough agro processing plants to process the product to semi or finished products. Source: MOFA-SRID Additional Problems i. Access to capital: - Rural Banks in the municipality are not willing to grant loans to farmers because they do not have collateral. Majority of Farmer groups too are not active and functional; hence their accessing of loans from the banks is not possible. Even the functional ones’ accessing of loans is difficult because their financial base is not solid to serve as collateral security. The work of the Rural Enterprises Programme (REP) within the KEEA Municipality will hopefully improve the situation after 2014. ii. Access to farming inputs: - There is no difficulty in accessing farming inputs since the Agro-chemical and inputs shops and outlets sell almost all the basic inputs. iii. Access to Extension services: - Although there are only 17 Extension Officers in the Municipality, they are always available at the various operational areas and MOFA office to offer their services. iv. Disease and pest control:-No serious pest or diseases outbreaks have been reported in the municipality. However the few minimal ones that occurred there is no much difficulty in controlling them since farmers have been trained by extension officers to effectively control them. v. Soil fertility and productivity:- the adoption of zero tillage, mulching and crop rotation by farmers in their farming practices help to improve soil fertility and productivity. Furthermore most farmers have been trained by extension agents to apply the right amount of fertilizers. vi. Storage/post-harvest management:- There is poor storage and post-harvest management of produce. There are no available storage facilities for specific crops in the municipality. The only available ones are the cocoa sheds. vii. Processing of produce:-Farmers and traders lack knowledge in modern methods of processing. Due to that only few commodities are processed; cassava into gari, konkonte, cassava dough, maize into corn flour and pepper into powdered form. viii. Transportation:-Access routes to farming communities and farm roads are not always in good shape especially in the rainy season. As a result farmers and traders find it difficult to transport their goods to the buying centres.

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ix. Marketing:-Marketing of produce is not a problem as such since the buyer goes to the various markets/communities to buy. However during bumper harvest the prices fall significantly as the buyers dictate the prices. MARKET INFRASTRUCTURE Markets of different sizes and varieties abound in the district. The Elmina fish market is the dominant one in the area. Ordinary markets are found in the major settlements such as Komenda, Kissi, kafodzidzi, Ayensudo, Eguafo and Abrem Agona. Some of the settlements have no market sheds. There is always a continuous flow of people especially women traders between the crop producing hinterland zone of the district and the coastal stretch where fish is obtained. Traders also come from outside the district to purchase fish along the coast as well as other foodstuffs produced in the Eguafo and Abrem areas with the intention of selling then outside the region. Commercial and industrial good are usually sold at these markets. These markets therefore serve as interchange points for all items. The major problems at these markets are the filth and inadequacy of sanitary facilities. The district assembly has constructed a new market complex at Elmina which is being used now but yet to be fully operational. The Assembly has also managed to put up some sanitation facilities in some of the market centers. This is to help ease the continuous pollution of the lagoon by traders who operate alongside it. LIVESTOCK/POULTRY The animals reared in the Municipality include, fowls, sheep, goats, pigs, and cattle. The district also has the potential of rearing Rabbits and grass cutter. Livestock is mainly kept on free-range and semi intensive husbandry basis. Poultry and cattle are usually raised on a commercial scale, whiles households raise other types of livestock for domestic consumption. The commercial viability of grasscutter is gradually gaining grounds in the Municipality. Access to adequate capital and improved breeds, diseases, ineffective access to veterinary service and low returns on sales are some of the problems faced by this sector. The need for a reliable data on livestock census and confinement of livestock to reduce public nuisance are some of the other challenges that need to be addressed. Table 12: Major Animals and their Production Levels

ANIMALS Production Levels Projected Production Levels 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

Sheep 9,600 9,792 11,260 13,512 13,917 14,335 14,765 15,208 Goats 12,542 12,792 15,990 19,188 19,763 20,356 26,462 27,256 Pigs 3, 650 3,759 3,871 5,226 5,383 5,545 5,711 5,882 Cattle 1,540 1,848 2,217 2,660 2,740 2,822 2,907 2,994 Poultry

Local 18,950 22,740 27,151 30,073 3,975 4,094 4,217 4,344 Exotic 64,350 77,220 88,803 106,563 10,9760 113,053 116,445 119,938

SOURCE: MOFA-Multi Round Annual Crop and Livestock Survey-2012

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Other potential animals for rearing in the municipality • Guinea fowls • Ducks • Turkeys Problems livestock farmers face in terms of • Access to capital Rural Banks in the municipality are not willing to grant loans to farmers because they do not have collateral. Farmers do hesitate to form strong FBOS which could aid in granting loans from the banks. • Access to inputs (e.g. Labor, suitable breeds, feeds, drugs etc.) High cost of inputs prevents farmers to put up proper structures for their animals and ensuring proper management practices. • Access to extension /veterinary services: There is low extension officer to farmer ratio Only four veterinary personnel serving the whole municipality • Disease control: No serious diseases outbreaks have been reported in the municipality. However trained veterinary personnel are always available to ensure disease prevention and control in the municipality. • Marketing: There is poor access to ready market. Middlemen dictate prices to farmers. They sometimes default in payment for animals sold on credit Negative social/environmental impacts of livestock production in the municipality Land degradation results in cases of over grazing by cattle. Destruction of crops by animals, especially cattle, creates animosity between farmers and cattle owners stealing of livestock impacts negativity on production and diminishes morale. Programmes to promote livestock production in the municipality (by gov’t, NGO etc) • National Cockerel Project by government • National Piggery project by government Success story achieved during 2010-2013 planned period • Supply of cockerels to selected farmers to upgrade the local poultry • Supply of breeding stock (pigs) to selected farmers to boost production • Successful anti rabies campaign carried out to prevent /reduce rabies prevalence in the municipality • Successful PPR vaccination programme for small ruminants (sheep and goats) Problems confronting the sector • High cost of inputs • Farmers’ inability to access loans for farm business activities. • Stealing of livestock impacts negativity on production and diminishes morale. • High farmer/extension officer ratio • No funds for vaccination campaigns/programmes • Farmers’ inability to access loans for farm business activities. • Some weak and non-functional Farmer Based Organizations in the Municipality

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Recommendations • Subsidy on inputs • Some weak and non-functional Farmer Based Organizations in the Municipality should be strengthened so that access to loans from the banks would be feasible. • Funds should be made available and timely too for programmes to be executed on time. Technical Support Table 13: Technical support services are provided to farmers by the MoFA- DADU staff in the Municipality. Technical staff Number Male Female Municipal Director of Agriculture 1 1 Municipal Agricultural Officers 6 4 2 Veterinary Staff 3 2 1 Agric. Extension Agents 16 13 3 Market Enumerator 1 1 Supporting Staff Executive Officer 1 1 Typist 1 1 Accounts Officer 1 1 Driver 1 1 Cleaner 1 1 Labourers 2 1 1 Watchmen 2 2 TOTAL 36 25 11 The Agriculture Extension Agent – Farmer ratio is 1:5959. This is very far from normal when compared to the standard ratio of 1: 500. This put a lot of strain on the officers. It is also important to note that MoFA-DADU is beset with challenges some of which have been enumerated below: i. Inadequate residential accommodation for staff ii. Logistical inadequacies. iii. Delay in the release of funds iv. Inadequate means of transport especially for the field staff v. Inadequate office space Climate Change intervention The agricultural sector contributes about 10-12% of emissions and has large technical and economic potential for reducing greenhouse gases. Farmers are educated on dangers of deforestation and could be solved by allowing forest conservation to contribute to local economic growth. Farmers are also educated on bush burning control which is one of the major activities carried out by the Assembly every year since this causes evapotranspiration reduction thus causing a reduction in rainfall. Reducing the need for fertilizer application, avoidance of land degradation, agroforestry are all interventions carried by the department.

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Coping with the Climate Change: • Indigenous people: – live close to the natural resources, and have immense knowledge of their micro-environment – observe the activities around them and are first to identify any changes and adapt to them. – Understand very well changes in time and seasons through their traditional knowledge, or instance the appearance of certain birds, mating of certain animals, or the flowering of certain plants are all important signals • Main climate-related hazards identified by the communities as affecting them currently are; – Prolonged inadequate rainfalls / droughts – Extreme heat • Important livelihood resources identified by the communities are: – Natural Resources - Forest products, Suwee River and Land – Human resources - Indigenous knowledge, agricultural skills/training, water management skills/training – Financial Resources - Remittances, Savings from sale of farm produce – Physical Resources - Wells, bridges, roads – Social Resources - Local Community based organizations, Local Governance Institutions Effects of climate change • Prolonged inadequate rainfall or droughts • Affects the quantity and flow of water in rivers and streams • Wells dry up in during the dry season • People, especially children and women, spend more time looking for water • Water in Suwee River gathers in pools and quality of water deteriorates • Water related diseases like bilharzias and diarrhea are often reported • Land hardens, develop cracks, soil becomes dry and does not support crops • Crop failure due to no rains and altered rainfall pattern • Financial resources are spent on replanting failed farms, buying sachet water • Wild fires or bushfires increase, especially from November to March • Extreme heat • Heat related diseases such as shingles, malaria and other skin debilitations • More financial resources spent on medical treatment • Wilting and drying of crops • General uncomfortable feeling

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Coping strategies: • Inadequate rainfalls, reduced water quantity and quality – Rainwater harvesting – Water rationing – Enforcing traditional norms, forbidden days, taboos, bye-laws, etc – Construction of wells and boreholes – Tree planting programmes and water protection awareness campaigns – Purchasing sachet water for drinking • Crop failure and loss of income – Indigenous knowledge in weather prediction, agriculture – Replanting of failed farms – Remittances from relations and personal savings – Petty trading • Diseases – Herbal or traditional medicine – Clinic

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POTENTIAL CLIMATE IMPACTS AND SOME PROPOSED ADAPTATION AND MITIGATION STRATEGIES The table below shows some of the processes or practices that will help moderate or offset the potential damages associated with the

changes in climate within the K.E.E.A municipality:

Sector Potential Climate Change Vulnerability Adaptation Strategies

Agriculture Harvest failures from improper adaptive strategies

Reduce biological productivity and loss of forest cover

Progressive loss of non-timber forest products Increased land degradation and loss of cropable

land Reduction in livestock size and nutrition.

Development of drought tolerant and flood resistant varieties.

Breeding of early or extra early maturing genotypes. Educating farmers to plant in low population densities so

as to reduce competition for scarce or limited soil moisture Encourage farm level adaptation such as shift in planting

dates and modifying the amount and timing of fertilizer application

Shifts in natural production centres for various food crops areas where comparative advantage can be obtained.

Enhancing food security measures by storing food in banks Marine ecosystem and coastal zone infrastructure

Potential risk from sea level rise such as coastal inundation and erosion

Salt water intrusion into fresh water resources Disruption of sources of livelihoods e.g. fishing

and agriculture Population displacement Invasion and destruction of mangrove ecosystem,

coastal wetlands and beaches along with their associated economic and social importance such as being sites for migratory birds

Loss of habitat of several species including marine turtles

Risk to life, structures and property

negotiating regional water-sharing agreements; providing efficient mechanisms for disaster management; developing desalination techniques; planting mangrove belts to provide flood protection; planting salt-tolerant varieties of vegetation; improving drainage facilities; establishing setback policies for new developments; Devising flood early warning systems. The use of setback policies for all underdeveloped areas

within the coastal zone. This would prevent the construction of immovable structures within hazard areas.

Human Health and Settlement

Possibility of emergence of new disease vectors in some areas

establishing setback policies for new developments improving drainage facilities

Energy, Industry and Financial Services

Disruption in industry productivity due to possible crises in the energy sector

Disruption in the supply of raw materials e.g. from agriculture, fisheries and forestry

Development of woodlot

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Biodiversity Possible reduce biological productivity Alteration of species (flora and fauna)

composition in the different ecological zones. Alteration of vegetation structure

Reforestation Ensure the cultivation of species in the environment that

they are adapted to. Establish land use plan for hot spots

Water Resources and wetlands.

Loss of biological diversity Pollution of fresh water resources Disruption of fishing activities Reduction in underground Water levels Drying up of river courses resulting from forest

losses in headstream areas Threat to biodiversity e.g. migratory birds

Devise flood/drought early warning systems

Provide alternative skill training for fishing communities Desalinization of water

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The table below indicates strategies and activities to offset or control the impact of climate change the

Municipality

Gender Mainstreaming and HIV/Aids intervention This is a public policy concept of assessing the different implications for men and women of any planned action including programmes in all areas and levels. In addressing the inequality between men and women in the municipality there is active policy of mainstreaming gender perspective in all programmes of agriculture. Both men and women are included fully in any agricultural activity. Hence decision making at all levels are always active so that before decision are taken an analysis is made of the effects on women and men respectively. No financial resources or logistics have been allocated to the directorate for HIV/AIDS activities. However issues on HIV/AIDS have become part of the field staff’s daily interaction with farmers. These farmers are reached daily with information on the pandemic. Information include, Mode of transmission of HIV/AIDS, Sensitization on condom use, protecting oneself from acquiring the disease as well as the effects of the pandemic on agricultural production

Industry The type of industry of all employed persons 15 years and older are shown in Table 4.3. Over four out of

ten employed persons (42%) are in agriculture, forestry or fishing industry which constitutes the highest

industry within the municipality. The proportion of males engaged in Agriculture, forestry and fishing is

higher (51.8%) than that of females (34%) which in any case represent the highest among the major

industries for both sexes. Also, 16.7% of the employed population 15 years and older are in wholesale and

retail, this includes 7.8% males and 23.9%. . Furthermore, 14.3% are in manufacturing and 4.5% in

education. This means that there are more females engaged in wholesale and retail than males.

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Table 14: Employed population 15 years and older by Industry and Sex

Industry Both sexes

Male

Female

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Total 54,767 100.0

24,701 100.0

30,066 100.0

Agriculture forestry and fishing 23,002 42.0

12,794 51.8

10,208 34.0 Mining and quarrying 354 0.6

260 1.1

94 0.3

Manufacturing 7,805 14.3

1,945 7.9

5,860 19.5 Electricity gas stream and air conditioning supply 27 0.0

24 0.1

3 0.0

Water supply; sewerage waste management and remediation activities 302 0.6

134 0.5

168 0.6

Construction 1,700 3.1

1,671 6.8

29 0.1 Wholesale and retail; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles 9,133 16.7

1,933 7.8

7,200 23.9

Transportation and storage 1,423 2.6

1,372 5.6

51 0.2 Accommodation and food service activities 3,972 7.3

536 2.2

3,436 11.4

Information and communication 84 0.2

72 0.3

12 0.0 Financial and insurance activities 228 0.4

150 0.6

78 0.3

Real estate activities 2 0.0

2 0.0

0 0.0 Professional scientific and technical activities 167 0.3

135 0.5

32 0.1

Administrative and support service activities 204 0.4

164 0.7

40 0.1 Public administration and defence; compulsory social security 811 1.5

619 2.5

192 0.6

Education 2,464 4.5

1,483 6.0

981 3.3 Human health and social work activities 709 1.3

361 1.5

348 1.2

Arts entertainment and recreation 302 0.6

279 1.1

23 0.1 Other service activities 1,864 3.4

671 2.7

1,193 4.0

Activities of households as employers; undifferentiated goods - and services - producing activities of households for own use 213 0.4

95 0.4

118 0.4

Activities of extraterritorial organizations and bodies 1 0.0 1 0.0 0 0.0


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Employment Status

Figure 4.2 shows that two-thirds of employed persons (63.8%) in the municipality are self-

employed without employees and 17.8% are employees. Nearly one in ten (9.0%) of employed

persons are “contributing family workers”. In addition, 2.3% are casual workers whiles 2.5% are

apprentices. On the whole, the proportion of the self-employed with employees is low (3.9%). In

appendix 5, the proportion of persons who are self-employed (without employees) is far higher in

females (72.3%) compared with males (53.5%). This is also true for those classified as

“contributing family workers”. Conversely, the proportion of employees is higher for males (28.3%)

than females (9.1%). These findings may be explained by low educational levels of females which

make it difficult for them to be engaged in formal sectors. Many enter sales because of the small

capital outlay for self-employment often in the form of petty trading. The largest proportion of the

employed is self-employed without employees. It is likely most of the self-employed (without

employees) are predominantly fishers, farmers and traders.

Diagram 3: Employed population 15 years and older by employment status

Employment Sector

Figure XX shows that the majority (87.8%) of the employed population works in the private

informal sector as fishers, farmers and traders, and they are followed by those who work in the

public or government sector (6.9%). A small proportion (4.6%) though works in the private formal

sector. with the remaining employed in the private sector. . In appendix 6, the proportions of males

(10%) and females (4.3%) in public or government services are higher than those in private formal

sector (6.6% males and 3% females). The proportion of females in the private informal sector is

higher (92.2%) than males (82.5%). On the whole, there are more males in the formal sector whiles

more females are in the informal sector.

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Figure 3: Employed population 15 years and older by employment sector

TABLE 15: TYPES OF AGRO PROCESSING INDUSTRY

TYPE OF INDUSTRY RAW MATERIAL NO LOCATION

Food and Beverage Citrus 1 Elmina

Oil Palm Palm fruits 2 Dabir, Breman

Palm Kernel Oil Palm Kernel 2 Amisano, Enyinase

Gari Production Cassava 3 Amisano, Berase, Essiam

Local Gin Palm wine - Various Locations

Herbal medicine Preparation Plants - Various Locations

TYPE OF INDUSTRY RAW MATERIAL NO LOCATION

Wood Processing Wood

Plastic Recycling Plastic materials 2 Aburansa, Essaman

Sandcrete Blocks Sand - Various Locations

Sand Winning Sand - Various Locations

Salt Mining Sea/Lagoon - Elmina, Komenda

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TABLE XX: NON AGRO PROCESSING INDUSTRY

However, by far the most important large-scale industrial establishment in the Municipality are the

Cyclus Plastics Recycling Company located at Aburansa and the GN Companies located at various

places in the Municipality.

The companies produce plastic materials, quarry products, fruit drinks and have already created

employment for some of the people of the locality. There is still a huge potential for growth and

expansion considering the volume of plastic waste generated in the Municipality and surrounding

Districts.

The main constraints facing the manufacturing sector in the Municipality are:

Limited access to capital

Limited markets

Inadequate managerial personnel.

MINING AND QUARRYING

Other potential areas for stone quarrying are located around Eguafo, Agona and Aberim areas.

Some of these quarries are done on a relatively large scale, the rest are on small scale. They provide

employment to the people, support the construction industry and also serve as a source of revenue

to the Assembly.

Even though, there are traces of mineral deposits including: Gold deposits, diamond, kaolin, clay

and others, their economic worth is yet to be established and further geological studies and tests

are required. There are also Beads making is also undertaken on a lighter scale at other places

TABLE 16: WEEKLY MARKETS AND MARKETING DAYS

MARKET MARKET DAYS

Elmina Mondays and Thursdays

Komenda Junction Tuesdays and Fridays

Komenda Saturdays

Mining and Quarry Quarry Products 1 Sanka

Mineral water Water - Various Locations

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Eguafo Saturdays

Some of the problems identified in relation to these markets are:

Inadequacy of space for the orderly display of goods

Lack of adequate sheds and stalls as transactions are always disrupted during the rainy

season.

Absence of places of convenience and refuse containers

Trading along the shoulders of the road

TOURISM As mentioned earlier, Tourism is an emerging sector and seems to hold a lot of prospects for the

municipality. However it cannot yet be counted as one of the main economic activity areas in terms

of income. These economic activities mentioned need adequate infrastructure to be able to operate

efficiently. However, this is not the situation presently; for instance, the fishing harbour is silted and

polluted. The rate of investment is low even though there are several investment potentials to be

tapped. This is an area the Municipality will have to work on, to improve upon its economic gains.

The development of this industry has the potential of:

Generating employment and improving households’ incomes and local government

revenue.

Enhancing other economic activities such as craft, food production, commerce and cultural

activities as indicated in Table above.

KEEA also has a good number of Hotels, Guest Houses, beach resorts, Restaurants and other

facilities in the hospitality industry which complement the development of the tourism industry.

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Figure 5: Beach Resort

The table below shows some of the major facilities and their locations.

TABLE 17: LIST OF HOSPITALITY FACILITIES AND LOCATIONS

NAME FACILITY/TYPE LOCATION

Highlands Court Hotel Elmina

Elmina Beach Resort Hotel Elmina

Coconut Groove Hotel Hotel Elmina

Elmina Bay Hotel Elmina

Bridge House Hotel Elmina

Alberta Palace Hotel Ampenyi

Grace Hotel Hotel Komenda

Ko-Sa Hotel Ampenyi

Essankafo Lodge Hotel Yesu Nkwa

Maybels Table Hotel Iture

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One Africa Hotel Iture

Almond Tree Guest House Elmina

Stumble Inn Guest House Elmina

Holalaa Guest House Guest House Elmina

JIV Guest House Guest House Bronyibima

The following are some of the problems being faced by the industry.

1. Underdeveloped hospitality industry

2. Inadequate logistics and funds

3. Inadequate infrastructure

4. Administrative bottlenecks

5. Inadequate publicity

For tourism to be fully harnessed there is the need to:

Develop the tourism infrastructure, especially the hospitality industry.

Expand socio-economic infrastructure,

Market the tourism potentials of the district and

Ensure collaboration with the major stakeholders as a means of making the sector attractive

and viable.

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ENERGY Firewood, charcoal, electricity, petrol, kerosene and diesel are the main sources of energy in the

Municipality. Most people use firewood and charcoal for domestic cooking purposes. The use

liquefied petroleum gas in place of the above is gradually gaining prominence and this must be

encouraged due to the environmental friendliness of the latter. The major source of energy,

however, remains the natural vegetation. Fuel wood is used in heating and cooking.

The Municipality is connected to the national electricity grid and a sizeable number of towns and

villages are supplied with electricity. However, power outage and fluctuation of voltage are

common phenomenon.

The Electricity Company of Ghana (ECG) is the sole distributor of electric power in the Municipality.

According to the ECG, there are a total of 92 communities in the municipality that have electricity.

Few individuals and organizations have generators, especially in Elmina, to provide them with

electricity in case of power outage.

Petrol and diesel oil are used to duel motor vehicles (cars, Lorries) as well as engines of fishing

vessels (boats), outboard motors fitted to canoes, and motor cycles. Kerosene is used in lamps,

stoves and generators among other appliances

It is envisaged that many more towns and villages will enjoy this facility during the plan period.

TRANSPORTATION The Municipality is fairly accessible from other parts of the country and outside the country,

especially the Southern portion. According to the Department of Feeder Roads the total road

surface in the Municipality is 188 km. This is made up of 31 km trunk road and 156km feeder roads.

The Accra-Takoradi trans-national highway passes through the Municipality. This constitute the

31km length of the highway in the Municipality is the only asphalted road. In addition to this

highway, 38km of the total length of feeder road is tarred. These include the Komenda-Junction to

Komenda road, Elmina-Ankaful road the Brenu-Akyinim-Ayensudo road.

It is important to note that most of the tarred roads are in the southern (coastal zone of the

Municipality). The interior part of the Municipality is serviced largely by untarred feeder roads

45

which is also estimated to be about ……..km. These are often rendered immotorable, especially

during the rainy season, and this therefore calls for their regular maintenance.

Roads linking the Municipality to the major cities in the country, (Accra, Takoradi and Kumasi), are

of varying classes. The road from Elmina, the Municipal capital, to Takoradi is a first class road

(asphalt), while the Elmina-Cape Coast-Kumasi road is also in a good condition.

Water transport in the Municipality is not developed. The fish-landing habour in Elmina for

example, is mainly used for fishing and related facilities. The fish landing is yet to be used for

transportation and tourism purposes. However some goods are sometimes loaded in canoes and

boats to other coastal towns in Ghana and other West African countries.

Buses, mummy trucks and taxis are the main means of transport for carting passengers and goods

to and from the Municipality. The main passenger’s terminals in the Municipality are in Elmina

(Victoria Square and Mpoben-Fish Landing Market), Essaman Junction, Komenda town and

junction, Abrem-Agona and Ayensudo Junction where passengers board vehicles to Accra, Takoradi,

and Cape Coast and other surrounding towns and villages.

Most vehicles that provide public transportation is privately owned, the largest number belonging

to the Ghana Private Road Transport Union (GPRTU). The partly privatized State Transport

Company (STC) has its nearest bus terminal at cape coast, but the Accra-Takoradi service does stop

at towns along its route in the Municipality on demand to (disembark). Passengers from the

Municipality who want to use the services of STC to Accra, Takoradi, or Kumasi have to go to Cape

Coast.

TELECOMMUNICATION

Telecommunication service delivery in the municipality has improved considerably over the years.

There are only few people or organizations with telephone facilities or lines in the Municipality.

These are found in Elmina, Komenda, Kissi, Berase, Essaman and Ankaful (prisons and psychiatric

and leprosarium/General Hospitals and Quarters), there are a number of private communication

centres in the Municipality and nearby Cape Coast which residents of the Municipality can use.

46

Currently all Six (6) major service providers in the country namely; Expresso, MTN, Vodaphone,

Tigo, Glo and Airtel are operating in the Municipality. The services of these providers have

improved tremendously over the period.

Radio and television reception in the Municipality is of good quality. There are five FM Radio

Stations in Cape Coast and three in Elmina. Occasionally, transmissions from other radio stations in

Accra, Takoradi and Winneba can be received in Elmina. For television, Ghana Television (GTV),

T.V.3, T.V. Africa, Viasat 1 and Coastal T.V. (Cape Coast based local T.V. Station) have transmission

signals in the Municipality. In addition several households in the Municipality use satellite dishes in

receiving signals of other TV channels, mostly Multi TV, Go TV and in the bigger hotels, DSTV (a

South African Satellite TV Station that broadcasts among others, CNN, super sport and movie

channels). Telephone services are however better than postal service. There are post offices at

Elmina and Komenda and-postal agencies and in five other settlements.

INTERNET SERVICES Internet services can be accessed largely in areas where mobile telephone services are accessible.

There are a number of Community Information Centers located in all the major towns in the

Municipality with plans of replicating this in other communities municipal wide.

POSTAL SERVICES There are two post offices and five postal Agencies located in the Municipality. The post Offices are

in Elmina, and Komenda and the rest at various locations. Besides the traditional services related

to mails, the Post offices at Elmina and Komenda offer other services like postal money transfers

within Ghana in the form of Money Orders, etc. in this form, remittances are regularly made by

relatives living in other places in Ghana to relatives at home in the Municipality.

TABLE 18: ACCESS TO POSTAL SERVICES IN KEEA MUNICIPALITY

LEVEL OF SERVICE LOCATION SERVICE PROVIDED Post Office Elmina Mails, telephone

Komenda Mails Postal Agency Abrem Agona Mails

Kissi Mails Brenu Akyinmu Mails Eguafo Mails Komenda Dominase Mails

47

BANKING

The Municipality can boast of five (5) banks located in four major towns. The table below indicates

which Banks operate in the Municipality and their respective location in the Municipality.

The people of the Municipality however, complain that sourcing for credit is normally cumbersome

and amount approved of is normally too small to be of any significant use. The banks are unevenly

located as they tend to be closer to towns along the Cape Coast – Takoradi trunk road and a few

other towns, to the disadvantage of communities located in the hinterland and their Catchment

areas.

TABLE 19: BANKS IN THE MUNICIPALITY

NAME OF BANK LOCATION

Ghana Commercial Bank Elmina

Kakum Rural Bank 3 branches in Elmina, Agona,

GN Bank 2 branches in Elmina

Akatakyiman Rural Bank 2 branches at Komenda and 1 branch at Essaman

48

EDUCATION Education undoubtedly is one of the fundamental tools towards socio-economic development. The

progress of any society hinges on the affordability, accessibility, quality and capacity of the

educational system. The depth and impact of the educational system is for example linked to the

degree of personal and communal hygiene and therefore to public health. Similarly, education

provides the capacity, tools and means for future employment and local economic development.

Certainly, education is considered the foremost important tool in poverty reduction in KEEA.

SCHOOL STATISTICS Statistics from the Municipal Education Directorate indicate that, there are a total of 151 schools in

the municipality from the Pre School up to the Tertiary level under both public and private

ownership.

The second cycle schools are made up of three (3) Senior Secondary Schools. One training college at

Komenda serves as the only institution in that category. There is an intention to upgrade

Archbishop Porter’s Commercial School to a polytechnic but that intention is yet to be realized.

TABLE 20: NUMBER OF SCHOOLS BY OWNERSHIP AND ENROLMENT

LEVEL NO. PUBLIC NO. PRIVATE TOTAL NUMBER

KG 74 57 131

Primary 74 53 127

JSS 66 32 98

SSS 3 2 5

Voc/ Tech/TVET - 4 4

Tertiary 2 - 2

Total 219 148 367

Source: Municipal Education Directorate KEEA Municipal- 2014

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SCHOOL ENROLMENT STATUS The total enrolment for the various levels for the 2014/2015 and the projected figures for the plan

period are presented in the graph below:

DIAGRAM 5: Enrolment Projection

Source: Municipal Education Directorate (GES), K.E.E.A – 2014

EDUCATIONAL INFRASTRUCTURE

Classrooms

The classroom situation in the municipality has improved greatly due to the concerted efforts by

the Assembly and the support of GETFund in the provision of infrastructure. Notwithstanding,

some schools do not have adequate classrooms; for others, the existing ones are in a deplorable

state and that calls for immediate attention.

Below are some useful information on the state of educational infrastructure in the Municipality

and the required works that need to be done on them.

Schools that need to be pulled down and rebuilt

1. Komenda St Ang. Primary

2. Abee zion Primary

50

3. Sanka M/A Primary

4. Abrobiano M/A Primary

5. Aldergate JHS

6. Ayensudo Zion JHS

Schools that need re-roofing/ screeding

1. Saman Abotar Park JHS

2. Nsadwer MA Primary.

3. Agona Meth JHS

4. Breman MA Primary

Schools that run the shift system

1. Essaman United JHS

2. Elmina Cath Boys Primary

3. Elmina Cath Girls Primary

Schools with classrooms built with mud

1. Akwakrom Primary

2. Anweem-Kissi M/A Primary

3. Sanka M/A Primary

Schools under Trees

Kwame Ta Primary

COMMUNITY LIBRARIES

There are four (4) community libraries in the municipality located at Elmina, Ayensudo, Kissi, and

Komenda. Their stock of books is quite old and outdated and the buildings are not in good

condition. There are plans to give a facelift to the existing facilities and put up new structures for

other communities in the municipality.

WATER AND SANITATION FACILITIES IN BASIC SCHOOLS

The availability of potable water, toilet, urinal facility, waste disposal facility, in the school, as in any

community, is essential for the practice of personal hygiene which contributes to good health and

also makes the intervention environmentally sustainable. Available statistics shows that out of the

299 basic schools, only 47 schools have toilet facilities and for water, 44.

This means that, more work has to be done in the provision of potable water as well as toilet

facilities to make the schools more environmentally friendly.

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TABLE 21: EDUCATIONAL INFRASTRUCTURE IN THE MUNICIPALITY

TYPE NO. AVAILABLE REMARKS Classrooms 732 Not Adequate

Staff Quarters Not Adequate

Water Availability 44 schools Not Adequate

Sanitation Facility 47 schools Not Adequate

Community Libraries 4 Not Adequate


STAFF QUARTERS FOR TEACHERS

Accommodation for both teachers and head teachers was a major problem in the Municipality.

Majority of them were not housed in official residences. In most cases, the rented houses, especially

in the rural communities were not ideal since they lacked certain basic facilities like toilets,

electricity among others.

The municipality currently can boast of only three (3) bungalows located in various towns.

The few teachers bungalows available were not conveniently located; most of them were built near

the schools usually sited at the outskirts of the villages. Thus the occupants were not too

comfortable staying far away from the community. Besides, the rooms were too small for the

comfort of a family of two.

TABLE 22: STAFF QUARTERS FOR TEACHERS

FACILITY LOCATION SIZE/CAPACITY

Teachers Quarters Eguafo 1 unit, 3-bedroom

Teachers Quarters

Teachers Quarters

TEACHING AND LEARNING MATERIALS

The textbooks situation in both the primary and junior secondary schools has improved

considerably. With a textbook –Pupil ratio of 1:1, the situation can be described as adequate. The

52

furniture situation is such that, there are a total of 1,619 mono desks to serve the schools in the

municipality. This is woefully inadequate considering the enrolments at the basic level.

There are also 611 Teachers’ Tables and chairs and this is adequate to serve the need of the schools.

At the Senior High school, the Textbooks situation is worrying; in most cases, the schools do not

have adequate textbooks for all the classes. Science and computer laboratories are virtually none

existent; available facilities were mere makeshift. Few computers available in the schools had

broken down or fallen into disrepair. Many senior secondary schools lacked basic

recreational/sporting facilities.

TEACHERS SUPPLY The quality of education that a child obtains in school also depends upon the number and the

quality of the teachers available. The stock of teachers in the District currently stands at 1,200 for

the basic level. Out of this figure, 206 are in the KGs, 498 at the Primary level and 496 at the JHS

level.

In terms of adequacy, the situation is quite satisfactory with the recruitment of pupil teachers

under the Youth Employment Programme and the posting of newly trained teachers. Teacher

retention in the Municipality is rather a problem due to challenges like inadequate or poor nature

of accommodation, inadequate social service among other reasons that do not motivate teachers to

stay.

In terms of quality, the situation in the municipality can be described as quite impressive. Teacher

quality at the KG is however the area that needs to be improved. The table below shows the

breakdown of the teacher situation in the Municipality.

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TABLE 23: TEACHERS IN THE MUNICIPALITY


2006/2007 2007/2008 2008/2009

SECTOR TRAINED UNTRAINED TOTAL TRAINED UNTRAINED TOTAL TRAINED UNTRAINED TOTAL

NO. NO. NO. TPR NO. NO. TPR NO. NO NO TPR

KG PUBLIC 25 156 181 36 152 188 56 150 206 1:45

PRIMARY PUBLIC 290 156 446 305 150 455 354 144 498 1:52

JHS PUBLIC 346 71 417 386 73 459 426 70 496 1:20

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BECE Performance

The Municipal performance in BECE has not been encouraging comparing the results with the regional figures.

For instance, in 2012 and 2013, the Municipality recorded 40.2% and 41.0% passes respectively. In 2014 the

Municipal performance dropped to 32.0% out of a total of 2,043 candidates presented. This placed the District

at the bottom of the BECE league table and on the national front, 132nd out of 138 Districts. The situation

indicates that, the Municipal performance is on the road to improvement. Therefore more efforts need to be put

in place to rectify the situation. The District performance of BECE for the period 2007-2009 is shown below.

TABLE 24: MUNICIPAL PERFORMANCE IN BECE

YEAR NO. OF

CANDIDATES

NO. PASSED

AGG. 6-30

MUNICIPAL

%

PLACEMENT IN

REGIONAL LEAGUE

(DISTRICTS)

PLACEMENT IN

NATIONAL LEAGUE

(DISTRICTS)

2011 1528 330 49.0

2012 1492 605 47.1

2013 2043 650 40.7 17/17 132/138

2014 43.4

Source: Municipal Education Directorate (GES), K.E.E.A – 2014 Educational improvement Interventions STME Capitation Grant SCHOOL FEEDING PROGRAMME So far, only Nine (9) out of seventy (70) schools are captured under the School Feeding Programme in the

Municipality. The schools are:

1. Daber- Benyadzi Primary A&B

2. Anweem-Kissi M/A Primary

3. Saaman-Berase Catholic

4. Komenda Aldergate Methodist Primary

5. Komenda M/A Primary A&B

6. Komenda Ghasel M/A Primary A&B

7. Koemenda College Practice

8. Essaman United M/A Primary A&B

9. Ntranoa M/A Primary A&B

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SKILLS AND ENTREPRENEURIAL DEVELOPMENT FOR THE YOUTH Skills and entrepreneurial gaps are evident in the labour sector in the municipality, given the constraint with school enrolment quality and relevance. This is due to the fact that there has been any district policy framework for a coordinated Technical and Vocational Education and Training System. Three groups of young people require support most in this regard. These are young people, who have completed formal education but are unemployed due to reasons of quality/ relevance of education. The third group comprises young people who though have acquired some skills need retraining especially in good management practices to succeed in labour market. The KEEA Municipal Assembly has not in practice put in place any skills, and Entrepreneurial development

programme for the youth in the district. However, under the GPRS, the district is supposed to coordinate all

existing in initiatives as well as mobilize new resources from the government, non-governmental and private

sectors organizations to support the youth in acquiring employable and entrepreneurial skills. It is envisaged

that the programme will combine both formal and traditional forms of skills acquisition with a strong focus on

entrepreneurial development. The district would have to encourage private institutions for skills training to

operate production units to provide trainees with practical experience and also provide those institutions with

additional sources of revenue.

Community-based apprenticeship scheme would have to be instituted to target young people who are barely

literate due to early drop out or inability to attend school. Programmes such as farm management on successful

commercial farms and agro processing units would be given priority

Water and Sanitation Current Situation

Water

Introduction

Households in KEEA rely on a mix of different service delivery models for their water supply. Three main

models of water service delivery exist:

1. Urban water supply, managed by Ghana Water Company Limited (GWCL);

2. Private sachet water producers who mostly use water from the GWCL network within the municipality,

or brought into the municipality from Cape Coast

3. Community-managed water supply, facilitated by Community Water and Sanitation Agency (CWSA) for

rural communities and small towns

4. Self supply (quite limited) who construct their own wells for their household drinking purposes

A schematic overview of these service provides is given in the figure below.

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Figure 6: General overview of water supply situation in KEEA

Source: GNWP/TA 2014

Next to giving an overview of the different service delivery models, the figure above gives an indication of the

percentage of people in KEEA with access to different types of water delivery points as their main source of

water supply for drinking and other uses, based on the 2013 baseline assessment by Ecorys among a

representative sample of 2,000 households.

Water supply infrastructure

This section presents the layout of the water supply systems for KEEA MA and gives a description of the

distribution network and delivery points. Water supply in the urban areas is managed by GWCL.

Box 4.1. Ghana Water Company Limited (GWCL)

The formal responsibility for urban water supply lies with the utility company Ghana Water

Company Limited (GWCL), since 1999 a limited liability company under the Ministry of Water

Resources, Works and Housing. The main objectives of GWCL are to provide, distribute and

conserve water for domestic, public and industrial purposes.

In the past two decades, functions have been reallocated from GWCL to other (new) agencies.

Regulation, such as setting the standards for water supply and the monitoring of drinking water

quality, is now performed by the Water Resources Commission (WRC) and the Public Utility

Regulatory Commission (PURC). The responsibility for sewerage have been transferred to the

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KEEA MAs/local government.

In 2006, GWCL engaged in a five-year management contract with the private operator Aqua

Vitens Rand Ltd. (AVRL), to support to improve performance and rehabilitate and extend the

infrastructure. The contract expired in 2011 and was not extended.

Below you see a general overview of the water supply infrastructure in KEEA. Urban water supply for both

KEEA MA and CCMA originates from common sources. Sekyere Heman WTP and Old/New Brimsu WTP are

supplying the MA, but a planned increase of the capacity of the transmission network will have a positive

impact on the future water supply situation.

58

Figure 7: General overview of water supply situation in KEEA MA and KEEA

59

GWCL drinking water production

KEEA is supplied by Sekyere Heman (30,000 m3/day) and the New/Old Brimsu (approximately

20,000 m3/day) water treatment plants. These plants have a combined design capacity of

50,000 m3/day. Due to the unavailability of capacity in the tranmission network, currently only

6,000 m3/day can be transported from Sekyere Heman to KEEA MA/KEEA.

While the Brimsu WTP has a design capacity of Approx. 30,000 m3/day, the performance of the

installations at BrimsuWTP can only handle hydraulic loads to achieve a capacity of 20,000

m3/day. Moreover, the production capacity of the WTPs strongly depends on the availability of

raw water extracted from the dammed Kakum river. The production capacity can reduce to

approximately13,000 m3/day (May 2013) during dry seasons.The quality of water supplied by

GWCL generally meets national standards.

Table 25: Production capacity of the SekyereHeman and Brimsu WTP.

Water treatment

plant

design capacity (m3/day) technically available capacity (m3/day)

SekyereHeman 30,000 30,000 (6,000 transport)

Old Brimsu 11,000 8,000

New Brimsu 18,000 12,000

Total 60,000 50,000

Source: GNWP TA, 2014

Water sources

The Pra River, together with its tributaries, forms the largest river basin of the three principal

south-western basins systems of Ghana (i.e. Ankobra, Tano and Pra) and serves as raw water

source for SekyereHeman WTP, effectively supplying drinking water to KEEA. The basin

contains a high density of settlements (both rural and urban) and a high concentration of mining

activities mainly concerning gold. Several large scale mining companies in the basin include

AngloGold Ashanti, Abore Mining Company Ltd, Resolute Amansie Ltd, Bonte Gold Mines

Company Ltd, Narawa Company Limited. Due to mining, farming and settlement development

there is rapid depletion of forest cover.1

A number of the mines have arsenopyrite as mineral in the ore and therefore high

concentrations of arsenic are found in solid mining waste and in the liquid mine tailings.

Occasional spillages of cyanide into streams do occur, but substantial spills are very infrequent.

1The Nature Conservation Research Centre (2012) states that since 1960 the forest cover declined by 50%(source: ‘Independent Assessment of the Potential to Design Payments for Watershed Services under the Sekondi-Takoradi Metropolitan Area and Cape Coast-Elmina Metropolitan Area Water Systems’)

60

Illegal artisanal mining popularly known as ‘galamsey’ is currently posing a major threat to the

Pra River. Illegal artisanal miners use mercury to mine alluvial gold which seriously affects the

quality of water.2The miners even mine in the river bed.

The dammed Kakum River is used as raw water source for Old/New Brimsu WTP. The effects of

destruction of the surrounding environment of the river basin is impacting negatively on the

sustainability of this natural resource and causing perennial water shortages particularly in the

dry season. In 2002 and 2013, the Kakum river virtually dried up, resulting in water production

stops for certain periods (e.g. 48 days in 2002).

GWCL distribution network

Currently, the Supply from the Sekyere Hemang WTP pumped first to the Mawukpor reservoir.

The water from this reservoir is distributed by gravity to Elimina through Kissi and the other

communities in Komenda, Ayensudo and parts of Eguafo – Abrem Zonal Councils. Also planned

pumping to Abrem Agona reservoir for onward distribution to other communities and CCMA

(but currently not in operation). There is also a booster at Elimina to booster water to parts of

CCMA. However this is currently also not in operation due to lack of adequate flow reaching it.

Parts of Elimina and Ntranoa Zonal councils are currently served from the University reservoir

which takes its supply from the Brimsu WTP. However most of the lines are aged and

deteriorating and need be replaced. There is also need for expansion of the network to areas like

Yesunkwa, Bronibima Estate, Sanka, Simiv Prisions, Mempeasem, Nyamebekyere. etc.

A study conducted in 2002 on assessment of mercury levels in water, sediment, soil and human hair samples collected from the Pra river basin and its main tributary, River Offin indicate substantial mercury contamination. Water samples collected from areas remote from current gold mining sites gave high mercury concentrations reaching values of about 148ng/l as against the WHO allowable limit of 100ng/l. It is interesting to note that in the last twelve years since this study, the activities of these illegal miners have escalated substantially, meaning that the current situation is worse.Source: Nature Conservation Research Centre, 2012: ‘Independent Assessment of the Potential to Design Payments for Watershed Services under the Sekondi-Takoradi Metropolitan Area and Cape Coast-Elmina Metropolitan Area Water Systems’.

61

Figure 8: Distribution network and pressure of water service delivery in KEEA

62

GWCL supply

GWCL provides direct services to households connected to the distribution network. In addition,

it provides piped water to private service providers like water vendors (standpipes), tanker

services and sachet and bottled water producers. It also provides water to industries and private

and governmental institutions.

Table 26: GWCL clients in Elmina (2013)

Zonal Council Connected households Number of public

standpipes

Average amount of

water consumed per

month

Elmina 2,325 73 60,649

Komenda 197 23 6,880

Agona Abirem 93 42 8,920

Domenase No GWCL distribution network in this community

Total 2,615 138 76,449

Source: GWCL Central Region, 2013

The preferred water delivery option for urban water supply is the household connection. Many

upper and middle income households have installed private water storage tanks in order to

better cope with interruptions in water supply.

Private water supply

There are private water providers active in KEEA operating as intermediary providers using

water from the GWCL network, or as independent providers using own sources of water.

Domestic vendors sell water from underground or overhead storage tanks. Water is bought from

tankers and sold directly to households. Neighborhood sellers sell water from the GWCL mains

directly. The fact that water is handed over at various points (network – tanker – vendor –

client) brings along risks of contamination.

Tanker services supply water to households directly and to other intermediary service

providers. The tankers are owned by individuals, who have formed associations. Some tankers

operate independently and some take water illegally from sources of disputable quality

Currently, the Supply from the Sekyere Hemang WTP pumped first to the Mawukpor reservoir.

The water from this reservoir is distributed by gravity to Elimina through Kissi and the other

communities in Komenda, Ayensudo and parts of Eguafo – Abrem Zonal Councils.

Parts of Elimina and Ntranoa Zonal councils are currently served from the Cape Coast University

reservoir which takes its supply from the Brimsu WTP. However most of the lines are aged and

63

deteriorating and need be replaced. There is also need for expansion of the network to areas like

Yesunkwa, Bronyibima Estate, Sanka, Simiw, Prisons, Mempeasem, Nyamebekyere. etc.

Community-managed water supply

Rural and small town water supply are facilitated by Community Water and Sanitation Agency

(CWSA). There are several communities managed piped water supply systems in Elmina,

implemented under the Community Water and Sanitation Agency (CWSA). These are generally

relatively small piped systems.

Table 27: Community-managed water supply

Zonal

Council Boreholes

Hand

Dug

Wells

Small Comm.

Pipe Sys.

Small Town

Pipe

System

Limited

Mechanised

System

Connection to

GWCL system

Kissi 31 3 0 2 0 8

Ayensudu 10 3 1 0 0 15

Komenda 1 0 0 0 0 1

Eguafo 19 12 0 0 0 10

Ntranoa 11 9 0 0 0 17

Total 72 27 1 2 0 51

Source: CWSA National Coverage Statistics for Portable water in KEEA, 2013

Current and future demand for water supply services Table 28: Demand forecast KEEA

year domestic non-domestic physical lossesmaximum day current capacity

2010 10,491.11 3,147.33 3,682.38 20,784.99 -

2015 12,221.23 3,666.37 4,289.65 24,212.70 -

2020 14,236.66 4,271.00 4,997.07 28,205.68 -

2025 16,584.47 4,975.34 5,821.15 32,857.15 -

2030 19,319.45 5,795.84 6,781.13 38,275.70 -

2035 22,505.47 6,751.64 7,899.42 44,587.85 -

2040 26,216.91 7,865.07 9,202.14 51,940.94 -

Water demand projection KEEA

The projected water demand for KEEA is indicated in figure X and table above.3 The demand

figures are based on a consumption of 115 liter per day per capita in urban areas and an

estimated 27% of physical losses.

Drainage Introduction

64

Drainage of storm-water in KEEA has always taken place through natural drains. For decades,

rain water could make use of the natural water systems to drain gradually through streams and

wetlands. Water could also infiltrate into the groundwater system through the soil. Rapid urban

development, however, has put pressure on the absorption capacity of the natural drainage

system. Wetlands have been reclaimed for the development into residential areas. The

construction of roads, while increasing the run off, also prevented water being carried over from

one point to the next and reduced the permeability of the soil.

As a result of these developments, the infiltration of water today is limited. In urban areas with a

high density of buildings, most of the water (~90%) runs off right away. The water is (supposed

to be) collected and directed via tertiary and secondary drains towards primary drains.

The storm-water drainage network in KEEA primarily consists of a gravity system of earth with

less concrete lined open channels and smaller, sometimes covered, U-drains. In addition to the

storm water, the drains handle a large part of grey wastewater. The volumes of wastewater

flowing through the storm drains have increased as a result of urbanisation in the past years.

Drainage system

The ministries with responsibilities for drainage are the Ministry of Water Resources, Works

and Housing and the Ministry of Roads and Transport. Via the National Environmental

Sanitation Policy, which has devolved responsibilities for sanitation and hygiene to the local

level, the Ministry of Local Government and Rural Development is also involved.

The responsibility for primary drains lies with the Hydrological Services Department (HSD)

under the MWRWH. HSD is responsible for the programming and coordination of coastal

protection and major drainage works and the monitoring and evaluation of surface water bodies

in respect of floods throughout the country.

The responsibility for the construction of secondary and tertiary drains lies with the Department

of Urban Roads (DUR), a department under the Ministry of Roads and Highways. While DUR

funds, procures and supervises the execution of works, these responsibilities are gradually

devolved to the MA. For the maintenance of secondary and tertiary drains in KEEA MA, the

Urban Roads Department, (URU), also named as the Municipal Roads unit, is responsible. The

URU is expected to coordinate activities with the Works Department – in charge of the design

and management of all building projects of the Assembly – and the Waste Management Unit or

Department (WMD) - responsible for ensuring a clean environment. In practice, the coordination

between these departments is challenging.

A schematic overview of the key actors in drainage is given in the following figure. An

assessment of the legislation and responsibilities at national and MA level is provided in chapter

5 Governance.

Institutional arrangements for storm water drainage

65

Figure 9: Drainage in KEEA

Surface water

The main stream in KEEA is the Kakum. Many of the minor streams end up in wetlands, with the

largest draining into the Fosu Lagoon at Banaako. The wetlands are liable to flooding and, for

many of them, the water table is high (about 1,2 meter below the surface). During heavy rains,

these wetlands become unusable as farmlands. The KEEA areas are mainly drained by some

streams/rivers which ends up into four main lagoons before into the sea. These lagoons are the

Brenya Lagoon in Elimina, Mporpro and Brenu Lagoon in the Ayensudo Zonal Council and the

Susu lagoon and in the Komenda Zonal Council. These Lagoons has a large portion of wetlands

around them.

Secondary and tertiary drains

The secondary drains carry storm water from the neighborhoods to the primary drains. In the

neighborhoods, a network of concrete and earth drains collects storm water and grey water.

Storm water enters the secondary drains mainly via the surface and tertiary drains. Grey water

comes from the adjacent houses and runs off via the surface, pipes or small drains.

Tertiary drains are often part of the road construction. They can be located on either sides or

just on one side. The drains normally have an U-shape. The width varies from 0.6 to 1.2 m. In

most cases, the drain is open. In crowded areas, the drains are covered with concrete slabs or

wooden plates. The drains are designed to collect the water from the roads but sometimes also

carry water from the surface next to the drains.

Primary drains

Primary drains get their water from secondary drains and end up in a river, lagoon or the sea.

Some primary drains are very sensitive for silting. During high tide the water level in the sea is

higher than the level in the primary drain. This causes a very low velocity in the drain making

transported sand to precipitate. When the tide is low and the water in the drain starts flowing

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again, the velocity is not enough to remove the precipitate sand. These parts of the drain have to

be emptied on a regular basis.

Because the primary drains cover a catchment from the highest point till the outflow point in a

river or lagoon, they are more vulnerable for changes in the catchment. If the amount of instant

runoff area increases due to residential building, the peak flow will increase together with the

risk of flooding.

Current and future drainage needs

Challenges

The drainage sub-sector suffers from two key challenges. In the first place, there are no drains in

KEEA except for a short primary drain within Elmina township, which is insufficient to drain the

Municipality from its grey and storm water. Secondly, the effective discharge of storm water in

existing drains and water ways is infringed by the clogging of waste and silt. As a result, many

areas are affected by flooding and water logging. The floods, which usually occur during the

rainy seasons of May through June, have caused substantial human and material loss over the

years. Some of the most serious recorded events occurred in 1986, 1994, 1995, 1997, 2001,

2007 and 2010. In 2014, floods claimed one life in the Municipality. The creation of salt ponds in

the wetlands is a major contributory factor to the flooding problem in the Municipality. The

floods also often results in the collection of numerous pockets of heavily contaminated and

bacteria laden standing water within the affected communities mostly populated by the poor.

These pockets become perfect breeding grounds for mosquitoes and water borne diseases. This

section takes a closer look at these challenges and their causes.

Key problem 1: the existing system of tertiary, secondary and primary drains is insufficient to

drain the area from its storm water

In MMDA, drains are in many cases not more than a hand-dug stream. The peak run-off of these

drains is lower than the volumes of waste and storm water they are required to handle.

Furthermore, many drainage channels and culverts are undersized or have an inadequate flow

capacity due to a wrong design or increase of the normative discharge or being clog by waste

materials. Undersized culverts and bridges cause back water effects. The discharge from

upstream areas can increase due to an enlargement of the runoff area without creating buffering

pools.

Moreover, houses and other buildings are erected in or next to the natural waterways or drains.

These structures severely reduce the cross section of the drain, extend the length or cause sharp

bends in the drain. Sometimes water mains cross the drain inappropriately and cause blockages.

All these aspects reduce the capacity of the existing drainage system and cause higher water

levels in the drain. There are also instances where some of the communities are located on the

wetland areas near the lagoons. These areas are relatively low and very flat and are always

prone to flooding during rains and higher tides.

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Key problem 2: the effective discharge of storm water in existing drains and water ways is

infringed by the clogging of waste and silt.

4 Elmina’s storm water drainage system has a very low capacity. The system is not able to

discharge excess run-off water into the Brenya Lagoon and the sea during periods of high tide

and heavy rains, resulting in perennial flooding of lower lying areas. The inadequate drain

capacity is particularly glaring in developed areas bordering the Brenya Lagoon. As a result,

wastewater stagnation is commonplace accompanied with a pungent smell and threats for

epidemic diseases such as cholera and typhoid. Several storm water drains have been provided

over the last few years to reduce the flooding problem. The current situation does not only pose

a public health risk, but also threatens the development of the tourism sector in Elmina. Three

main causes exist for the constrained drain capacity:

A-Lack of maintenance and regular cleansing of the system- Drains in the Municipality are not

covered.

B-Technical state of three drain sections

At three locations in Elmina town, the technical state of the drains has deteriorated and this

critically disturbs the water flow. Around Trafalgar Square the drains have collapsed while the

stretch from Asafo Post No. 4 past the Pentecoast Church to the lagoon is in an alarming state. At

the Ato Quarshie bypass section the gradient of the drain is insufficient to allow for water flow

while a part of the section to the lagoon has not been completed.

C-Silted lagoon

The number of appropriate outlets for the drains is limited, leaving the Brenya Lagoon as the

main outlet. Yet, few drainage channels in the town are actually able to discharge into the Brenya

Lagoon. The lagoon’s base level has gradually increased over the years as a result of siltation. It

is estimated that silt has built up to a depth of more than three meters in the lagoon. At high tide

all outlets into the Benya Lagoon are currently below the water level in the lagoon, which blocks

the channel from discharging.

figure 10: Pictures on sanitation

4 Source: The Elmina 2015 Strategy: Building on the Past to Create a Better Future, 2002

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Source: Elmina 2015 strategy.

Clogging of drains and culvert by waste materials

Hand dug drain with refuse Water main blocking part of drain

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Solid waste Introduction

Households in KEEA MA can rely on a mix of different service delivery models for the

management of their solid waste. Two types of formal service delivery models exist:

Door to door collection by private service provides;

Collection in communal skip containers.

A third mode is indiscriminate waste disposal in the form of burning, burying or illegal dumping.

Figure 11: Solid waste service delivery models

Next to giving an overview of the different service delivery models, the figure above gives an

indication of the percentage of people in KEEA with access to waste management services, based

on the 2013 baseline assessment by Ecorys among a representative sample of 2,000 households.

Solid waste management services

Door to door collection

Unlike the MAs in Accra, a very small proportion of the population makes use of door to door

refuse collection. Only the high income segment of the municipality has access to this service.

Hotels and institutions tend to have subscriptions for door to door collection. The MA currently

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collects the waste from Marine, Zongo and Prisons. The estimated 164 (2013) distributed 240

litre bins are collected once a week from households that have subscribed to this service.

Waste disposal in public containers

For households without a contract, communal skip containers ranging from 12m3 roll-on-roll-

off containers to 15 m3 skip containers are provided for the collection of waste from households.

The dumping of waste in these containers is, unlike for instance in Accra, free of charge. This is

said to be due to unwillingness of residents to ‘pay as they dump’. In high density, low income

areas, the strategic placing of such containers can be an effective way to curb what could be an

environmental disaster, such as in Tetrekesim, Kissi and Komenda.

There are 17 12 m3 communal skip containers in KEEA, some of which are owned by the MA and

others by Zoomlion. Containers are old and rusty and in insufficient numbers. Zoomlion hauls

these skip containers is carried out once or twice a week by skip lift truck and transport to the

disposal site. Zoomlion is paid for these services from the District Assembly Common Fund

(DACF).

The Environmental Health and Sanitation Unit of the MA has oversight responsibility over

Zoomlion’s activities. EHSD’s role involves supervision, monitoring and evaluation. To

complement their activities, the MA has one roll-on truck, one skip truck and a compactor truck

(10 tons capacity). Unfortunately they are all not functioning now.

Informal collection

Informal collection of plastics happens on a small scale and mainly involves the collection of thin

film plastic or water sachets by youth. This activity has slowed down following the shutdown of

the Cyclus recycling plant in Elmina. Zoomlion has plans to establish a buy-back centre to buy

these kinds of plastics.

Current and future demand for solid waste services

Current waste generation

In 2014, the population in KEEA is estimated to be around 163,500. The KEEA Assembly is

estimated to generate about 82 tons/day of solid waste with an estimated generation rate of 0.5

kg/capita/day. This leads to an annual amount of 30.000 tonnes of solid waste. The major

sources include households, hotels, markets and lorry packs, hospitals/clinics, schools, small to

medium scale industries and other institutions.

There is currently no available data on the composition of solid waste specific to KEEA, however

the composition of waste in Cape Coast gives a good indication of the composition of waste in

KEEA since they are neighbours and in the same region. Below is a research conducted by the

Waste Department of Cape Coast Metropolitan Assembly;

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Table 29: Waste composition

No. Waste Fraction Weight

Organic Materials 68%

Paper 6%

Plastics 9%

Glass 2%

Wood 5%

Metals 4%

Textiles 3%

Others 3%

Total 100.0

Source: Cape Coast Metropolitan Assembly, Waste Management Annual Report 2013 by George

Frimpong

About 68% of the waste generated is organic (putrescible, 20,400 tonnes per year), with the

second major component of the waste stream being plastics and polythene products. This

indicates a good potential for composting and waste to energy conversion technologies.

Solid waste disposal

The final disposal site for solid waste is Edina Essaman. The landfill or open dump is fenced and

is levelled regularly. The refuse is also burnt occasionally. Though in principle, the MA should

charge tipping fees, no such fees are currently collected, for the fact that Zoomlion provides

equipment for managing the site, and is the only entity that dumps waste in the landfill. The site

is jointly managed by Zoomlion and the MA.

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Figure 12: Waste disposal sites in KEEA MA and

KEEA

Access to solid waste services

The practice of private door to door waste collection is practically inexistent in Elmina. Only 1%

of the households interviewed by Ecorys have a contract with a private waste collector. This is a

must lower percentage than in Accra, where for instance in Ga South and Ga Central, 45 to 60%

of the population pays for waste collection at their doorstep. The large majority of the

population (80%) in Elmina is used to bring their waste to a public dump, either container or

open space without having to pay for it. About 12% of the households indicate to burn their

waste and 5% dumps it elsewhere.

Liquid waste Introduction

In this paragraph liquid waste is defined by the generation (production) and disposal of excreta

(faecal sludge or so-called ‘black water’) of households, institutions and industries in KEEA.

Bathing/cleaning/cooking/processing water (so-called ‘grey water’) is not part of this analysis,

as it is mostly discharged directly into surface waters and drains. This paragraph describes the

key aspects of the liquid waste sub-sector in KEEA, and focuses on the infrastructural and

organisational challenge

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The governance perspective to liquid waste is described in Chapter 9 (governance analysis). In

below figure, an overview of the liquid waste subsector is provided. figure 13: Liquid waste

service delivery models

Figure

13:

Organis

ation

liquid

waste

sector

\

Sanitation infrastructure

Excreta and urine are mostly collected in septic tanks, unlined pits and concrete holding chambers.

When full, the waste matter is dislodged from septic tanks and other holding chambers using

Cesspool emptier trucks (Vacuum trucks) and sent to a liquid waste disposal site. Traditional pit

latrines are covered with sand when full and another site will be used. In practice, most grey water

is discarded straight into (storm) water drains and outflows to surface water.

Sewerage and collection systems

There is sewerage systems in Elmina Estate which is currently not working, and people are

beginning to provide their own septic tanks.

Public and private facilities

The main categories of toilet facilities available in the municipality are Water closets (WC), Kumasi

Ventilated Improved Pits (KVIPs), Pit latrines, ventilated improved pits (VIP) and septic tank

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latrines. Below is a list of facilities (private, public, school/institution, industrial) and their total

counts

Table 30: Toilet facilities in KEEA MA 2010

Type of toilet Number Percentage(%)

WC 876 39.3

KVIP 304 13.6

VIP 646 29.0

STL 95 4.3

PAN 0 0

PIT 310 13.9

Source: KEEA MESSAP/DESSAP 2010-2015 by MPCU February 2010

Infrastructure for the collection, transport and disposal of faecal sludge

Currently there is no separate liquid waste disposal site in KEEA and hence all the private operators

of cesspool emptying trucks dispose of the waste at the Essiman dump site

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Figure 14: Schematic of Liquid waste disposal in KEEA

Production of liquid waste today

For the amounts of liquid waste of KEEA, there are no ‘hard figures’ available because there is no

central administration for the amounts of disposed faecal sludge. Different methods to look at the

liquid waste problem lead to large differences for estimate of liquid waste production:

- based upon a proper use of septic tanks and latrine pits, which allow the surplus of water to

leak into the ground or drainage systems, an average of 40 litre per capita per year for

latrine pits to 60 litre per capita per year for septic tanks can be expected (see also Small

Towns Sector Guidelines, Ministry of Water Resources, Works and Housing, Ghana,

November 2010);

- if there is not enough time - due to a lack of installed capacity of latrine pits and septic tanks

- to allow the water to leak into the ground and to give bacteria enough time to break down

the faecal sludge, emptying trucks need to be used more frequently to empty the pits and

tanks. Therefore more water per capita is transported to dumping sites, thus increasing the

amount of liquid waste, to a maximum of 40 litre per capita per day (if toilets are flushed,

100% the liquid waste is stored and transported to dumping sites).

There are indications that the public facilities are used more often than their installed capacity

allows, which means that these facilities have to be emptied at high frequencies. This means that an

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estimation of 40 to 60 litre per capita per year is probably too low. Therefore information of the

known dumping sites is to improve the estimation.

Table 31: Estimates of liquid waste KEEA MA present (adjust)

estimations of liquid waste (faecal and urine) annual amounts

(tonnes)

- 100 % use of septic tanks/improved pit latrines, in good

condition, conform regular emptiying schedule (40-60 litre) 10,000

- 100 litre per capita per year (low estimation) 19,500

- 150 litre per capita per year (high estimation) 29,500

Based upon 19,500 tonnes, this would roughly lead to 50 tonnes per day or an equivalent to 5to 8

Cesspool emptying trucks (capacity 6 to 10 tonnes per truck).

Access to sanitation services

According to the Ecorys report 34.16 % of households in KEEA MA have access to improved

sanitation facilities. This percentage reflects those with access to WC, VIP, KVIP and Pit latrines. As

illustrated in table 7.1 most people rely on a WC, VIP or PIT latrine. The information in this table

questions the access figure provided in the Ecorys report.

Compared to targets set up by the NESSAP (‘Minimum targets for home-latrine coverage through

the promotion by trained artisans accompanied by Community led total sanitation (CLTS) is 70%

by 2025) the municipality is far below target (based on Ecorys information).

The rest of the population who don’t have access to these facilities resort to open defecation at the

beach, bushes and uncompleted development areas. According to the Ecorys report, nearly 15.5%

of the population in KEEA MA practice open defecation. This is a relatively high percentage

compared to other urban areas in Ghana.

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Behaviour change communication

Introduction

Awareness is growing amongst stakeholders in the WASH sector that, until service users, providers

and envrionmental sanitation regulators adopt the right practices and behaviour, the desired

impact of improved water, sanitation and hygiene infrastructure cannot be realized. Sustainable

behaviour change involves more than only giving up a practice such as open defecation, or adopting

a practice like washing hands at specified critical times. To consolidate behaviour change, initial

motivation triggered in the demand creation process, needs to gradually internalize and norm.

Messages need to be carefully designed for different target groups, taking into account barriers for

behaviour change as well as communication channels. As a Municipality, we have come to realize

that the traditional actors in the WASH sector are not always the best or only channel to deliver

hygiene promotion messages: it is necessary to engage actors in other sectors who have expertise

in designing, packaging and delivering market oriented messages that have proven impact, like we

see in the commercial advertising sector. We will increasingly forger partnerships with the private

sector in this area to leverage the innovations and tools that have been developed and deployed

successfully by private companies.

Overview of Current WASH practices

Practices related to Drinking Water

While 75% of households have access to a piped connection the majority does not use the piped

water for drinking, but for washing, bathing and cooking. About 59% of households rely on sachet

water for drinking. There is generally a perception that pipe water is not of good quality for

drinking. The rising patronage of sachet water indicates that household water treatment and safe

storage is not widely practiced Consumer behavior towards the payment of water bills is also an

issue. Most of the consumers are fisher folks and are unable to pay for water services during lean

fishing seasons. Occupants of SSNIT flats also do not pay their water bill as and when they should.

This is negatively affecting the income of the District GWCL office, and hence operations.

Practices related to Solid Waste

In order to measure sustainable solid waste management in the five MAs, Ecorys (2013) developed

a composite score where sustainable solid waste is classified as households who have either house-

to-house collection or dispose of their refuse in a public container, with the public container within

a distance of less than 150 meters from the house. In the KEEA, only 50% of households were

deemed to be practicing sustainable solid waste disposal.

Practices related to Liquid Waste

About 4% of households dispose children’s feces in open drains, 20% throw into garbage and 3% of

children defecate in the open. Sharing of latrines is commonly accepted as a normal practice, thus

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creating a major stumbling block towards aspiration towards household latrines. About 42% of

households share latrines, whilst only 28% use latrines that are generally not shared. The

compound housing pattern common to low and middle income settlements, combined with the

extended family system are the main driving forces behind the sharing of latrines. Maintenance of

latrines is not adequate. About 40% of households clean their toilets daily, whilst 7% do it every

other day. The remaining 53% clean at intervals of 3 days or more. About 33% of households with

latrines clean them weekly. This has implications for the toilets to remain clean and attractive for

consistent use.

Practices related to Drainage

Solid waste is routinely dumped in the open drains and sewers leading to a reduction in the

capacity of the drains. In addition, the open drains have gradually silted up as a result of (both

natural and induced) drifting of sand and silt from the streets and pavements into the drains. At

numerous points accumulated waste and sediment currently block the water flow, leading to a

permanent level of stagnant water in those places. People’s behaviour of dropping garbage in the

drains is not only caused by the lack of sanitation educational and awareness but also due to the

lack of available containers and a regular collection service. There is no regular drain cleansing

service and therefore the drains are desilted. The The Environmental Health and Sanitation Unit of

the MA is yet to develop a management plan for the drainage system. In the interim, the drain

silting responsibility has been contracted to Zoomlion. Their inability work effectively has been

attributed to the lack of males in their workforce to carry out that task, as this requires hard labor.

The only way to avoid such a scenario going forward is for the MA to take charge of the drainage

cleansing service procurement so that a drainage management plan can be effectively monitored.

The current situation where the contracts are awarded from the national level makes supervision

difficult, as most often payment for services to Zoomlion is without regard to whatever

recommendations come from the MA.

Hygiene Practices

Open defecation: In the KEEA 15% of households practice open defecation as their main source of

sanitation, about 29% reported practicing open defecation frequently and 7% practice raely. Only

53% do not practice open defecation at all. The Municipality is committed to all forms of open

defecation by 2040. Hand washing with soap was measured by two proxy indicators in the Ecorys

survey: 1) presence of hand washing facilities, and 2) water and soap for hand washing at a

designated place. In 80% of households, there were facilities present, with water, but only 70% of

these facilities also had soap present.

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HEALTH CARE ORGANISATION AND MANAGEMENT OF HEALTH SERVICES Health services, which are a mix of both government and private institutions, are structured along the three-tier system of primary Health Care- a strategy for making health accessible to all. The levels are: 1. Community Level (Level A) Services to the communities are delivered mainly through outreach programmes. However services of TBA’s, Chemical Sellers, Traditional Healers and private clinics are available to community members. There are also Chemical Sellers, pharmacy shops as well as private clinics in the District. 2. Sub-district level (Level B) The sub District Health care system revolves around facilities like health centers and rural clinics. A number of such are located throughout the District to serve the population. 3. District (Level C) There is an urban health centre at Elmina and two specialist hospitals at Ankaful (Leprosarium and psychiatric hospitals), which also provides general services. The Central Regional Hospital and the University Cape Coast Hospital both of which are located in cape coast are also available to residents in the District. The public Health Services at this level are co-ordinated by the District Health Management Team. It focuses on providing support to sub-district in disease prevention and control, health promotion and general education of the public on health. The various types of health facilities in the district are shown in the Table. Most of the facilities are located in the Elmina area, which serves as the District capital. Because of the relatively large size of the municipality, distances to health facilities is a major problem. It is observed that most residents receive specialist and sometimes general medical care from Cape Coast. It would be appropriate to upgrade conditions at the Elmina urban health centre to cope with the health needs of the people and reduce the pressure on the Cape Coast health service. TABLE 32: HEALTH SERVICE FACILITIES IN K.E.E.A TYPE NO. LOCATION Psychiatric hospital 1 Ankaful Leprosy/General Hospital 1 Ankaful Health Centre 4 Elmina, Agona, Komenda and Kissi CHPS Compound 9 Benyadzi, Berase, SAP, Aburansa, Antseambua, Abeyee,

Atonkwa, Bronyibima, and Brenu Akyinim Maternity homes 3 Elmina, Nyame Tease, Good Sheperd Outreach Clinics 46 District wide Health Centre beds 33 Contagious Disease Prisons 1 Prisons

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MAIN CAUSES OF DEATH The main causes of mortality in the district are:

Malaria Anemia Pneumonia Road Traffic Accidents Pregnancy Related Complications Gastro Enteritis Cerebra Vascular Accidents (CVA) i.e. stroke Hypertension and other health diseases.

TOP TEN CAUSES OF MORBIDITY The top ten causes of morbidity chart of the Municipality as indicated by the OPD attendance records of health

facilities puts malaria on top.

Malaria continues to be the number one disease accounting for about 35.1% of total OPD attendance.

This last on the list is Typhoid/Enteric fever which accounts for only 0.5%% of total OPD attendance.

TABLE 33: COMPARATIVE TOP TEN (10) CAUSES OF OPD ATTENDENCE 2013/2014. NO

DISEASE

OPD ATTENDANCE 2010

NO. OF CASES PERCENTAGE 1. Malaria 23,285 45.8% 2. Skin Diseases and Ulcers 11,725 23.0% 3. Acute Respiratory Infections(ARI) 6,184 12.2% 4. Anemia 2,773 5.5% 5. Diarrhea Diseases 2,468 4.9% 6. Hypertension 1,528 3.0% 7. Rheumatism & Other Joint Pains 1,104 2.2% 8. Acute Eye Infection 826 1.6% 9. Vaginal discharge 518 1.0% 10. Home Accidents and Injuries 406 0.8%

Source: Municipal Health Directorate, 2013 Malaria, Skin Disease & Ulcers and Diarrhea Diseases maintained their respective positions in the top ten causes of OPD attendance in 2013 and 2014 half year. The other conditions include, Anemia, Intestinal worms, Acute Eye Infection and Acute Urinary Tract Infection.

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MALARIA Malaria has been the highest reported disease in the Municipality. The disease burden falls disproportionately on vulnerable groups: pregnant women and children under five (5) years who have limited access to Malaria control interventions thus perpetuate a vicious cycle of poverty and disease. There has been intensification of Malaria control efforts. This has translated into gradual increase in coverage levels of Malaria-related interventions. There have being trainings on New Drug policy, Intermittent Preventive Treatment, Home Based Care practices and ITN use for health staff, TBA’s and Community based Agents (CBA’s) in the district. These trainings were to give the TBA’s and CBA’s skills so that they can also pass it on the people in their various communities since they are closer to them. Malaria interventions programmes being carried out in the district include the following:

Promotion of LLINs use especially amount young children and pregnant women. This is because they are the most vulnerable; their protection with LLINs is the immediate priority while progressively achieving full coverage.

Continues LLINs distribution at ANCs and CWCs to pregnant women and mothers with children six (6) months old is on-going.

Monitoring and supervision at all health facilities to ensure that the following is strictly adhere to - Ensure that all health facilities do prompt parasitological confirmation by microscopy or with a rapid

diagnostic test (RDT) for all patients with suspected Malaria, before treatment is started. - All uncomplicated P.Falciparum infections are treated with an artemisinin-based combination therapy

(ACTS). - Availability of intermittent preventive treatment (IPT) with sulfadoxine- pyrimethamine (SP)

administered to pregnant women at least twice during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy, and three times in the case of HIV positive pregnant woman.

- The use of RDTs to confirm suspected Malaria cases positive before treatment Table 34: Trends in Malaria Morbidity 2011-2014 Half year

ALL AGES < 5 YEARS YEARS ALL CAUSE OUT

PATIENTS CONSULTATION

ALL MALARIA CASES SUSPECTED

TOTAL CASES CONFIRMED

ALL CAUSE OUTPATIENT CONSULTATION

MALARIA CASES SUSPECTED

CONFIRMED CASES < 5

2011 53,716 24,023 7,258 12,158 6,306 1910 2012 55,425 20,336 3326 11,372 4,922 1093 2013 55,219 24,867 7871 15,531 7,273 2128 2014 40,070 16,420 5632 12,957 4,778 1762

There has been an improvement in the malaria cases both suspected and the positive cases in 2014 half year due to the LLINs, thus the Long Lasting Insecticide Nets distributed throughout the municipality as well as the intensive campaign for the use of the rapid diagnostic test RDT in 2013. These interventions have been greatly felt and we belief the ongoing LLINs distribution campaign at ANCs and CWCs would help compliment the universal distribution exercise and impact greatly on the availability and use of LLINs in the communities in KEEA Municipality.

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HEALTH SERVICES PROGRAMME The HSP is aimed at: 1 providing health education to 20% of the population 2 oversee financial management of the district/sub-district level B.M.Cs. 3 strengthens the capability to deal with epidemics. 4 keep vehicle in good condition 5 supervise and monitor the health services. 6 rehabilitation of health facilities. 7 improve nutrition in the district. 8 maintenance of equipment. KEY PRIORITIES Amount other things the key priorities include the following:

Improve safe motherhood indicators (ANC, PNC and Deliveries) Improve coverage of all antigens Improve family planning indicators Strengthen collaboration with GPRTU. Intensify health education on teenage pregnancy, and hospital delivery through durbars, radio, community

FM etc. Lobby for more midwives. Conduct monthly facilitative supervision to sub district. Improve surveillance activities Encourage young CNHs for post basic midwifery programme Intensify Adolescent health services Implement monthly health awareness campaigns on teenage pregnancy, skilled delivery, use of LLINs to

prevent malaria, home management of diarrhea with ORS and zinc, Exclusive breastfeeding and complementary feeding

Increase coverage in LLIN, continues distribution and usage. NUTRITION Malnutrition has been identified as a major public health problem in the district especially among children of ages 2 – 5 years. The objectives of the programme are to intensify nutrition education with special emphasis on child feeding and to totally eliminate death from malnutrition. The target is to cover 10,450 infants and children and 12, 00 nursing mothers by the end of 2004. This will be continued at an incremental rate of 5% over the plan period of the GPRS. The supervised deliveries appear to be reducing. But this may be due more to the increasing role of the private sector in the provision of delivery services. Reporting is however either minimal or non-existent from the private clinics. The high teenage pregnancy rate is also a major problem that must be focused and addressed. The Ghana Demographic and Health Survey (1993) shows that teenagers with no education are five times more likely to have started childbearing as those with secondary/higher education.

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REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH SERVICES Reproductive Health services are designed to promote and maintain the health of women in their reproductive age. The range of services rendered under this system includes the following: Maternal Health Services: This refers to services aimed at promoting and improving the health of women. Antenatal Services (ANC): Services here are intended to enhance the health of pregnant women and ensure the delivery of healthy babies. Deliveries: Delivery is an important aspect of the reproductive health system. It basically aims at ensuring that the lives of expectant mothers and babies are protected at the time of birth. Post-natal Services: This service focuses on the health of newly delivered mothers and new-born babies in the first 6 weeks of their life. Family Planning Services (FP): Family Planning services aim at assisting individuals and couples in their productive ages to space out the children, prevent unwanted pregnancies and manage issues related to fertility and infertility. FERTILITY Empirical as well as statistical evidence suggests a declining trend in fertility levels. However the General Fertility Rate (GFR) is estimated at about 215 birth per 1,000 Women of the Fertile Age Groups (WIFA), which is considered high. The contribution of teenagers to this level is quite substantial. Total fertility rate remains high at about 6.0 MANPOWER The quality and adequacy of staff has huge implications for the quality delivery of service for any institution. Statistics from the Municipal Health Directorate indicate that there are some personnel but the number is not adequate considering the population and the health needs of the Municipality. For instance, the Doctor: Patient ratio is 1:33,538 which is rather high compared to the ratio for Cape Coast (1:3, 77). The ratio for KEEA is higher than the WHO recommended ratio of 1:10,000. The curative nurse patient ratio is 1:1676 and the regional ratio of 1:3306. The KEEA district is worse off. There is the need for specific improvements in the number of medical personal. The tables below show the clinical personnel and that of the Directorate

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TABLE 35: HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT and administration

Man power strength of the District 2014

CATEGORY OF STAFF NUMBER AT POST

MUNICIPAL DIRECTOR OF HEALTH SERCICES (MDHS) 1

MEDICAL ASSISTANT 4

MIDWIVES 8

PROFESSIONAL NURSES 8

PHN 2

COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSE 66

ENROLLED NURSE 28

TECHNICAL OFFICER 5

HUMAN RESOURCE OFFICER 1

ACCOUNTANT 1

FINANCE OFFICER/AUDIT OFFICERS 3

PHARMACIST 1

DISPENSARY ASSISTANT/PHARMACY TECHNICIAN 6

BIOSTATISTIANS 7

FILED TECHNICIAN 5

TYPIST 2

DRIVER 2

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HEALTH AIDE 18

WATCHMAN 1

ORDERLY 10

LABOURER 4

MEDICAL RECORDS ASSISTNAT 1

LABORATORY ASSISTANTS 2

TOTAL 170

HIV Counseling and Testing

Over the years various strategies have been implemented to reduce the spread of HIV in the

district. These include Behavior Change Communication (BCC) and Prevention of Mother to

Child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV to prevent new infections; and the provision of treatment,

care and support including Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy. There has also been Know-

your- HIV/ AIDS status campaign organized in few communities within the municipality with

support from our health partners.

The number of clients who were counseled were 376 half year 2014 at HIV Counselling and

Testing units and all clients thus 100% were tested. A total of 41 clients tested positive and all

were referred into care. Out of the number positive, 14 were males as against 27 females.

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Table 36: Counseling and Testing for 2014 half year.

Age

Group

HTC/ TB

Number Tested Number Positive No. Screened

for TB Referred into Care

M F T M F T M F T M F T

0-9 10 10 20 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1

10-14 5 4 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

15-19 8 11 19 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1

20-24 37 29 66 2 3 5 2 3 5 2 3 5

25-29 34 39 73 2 6 8 2 6 8 2 6 8

30-34 19 10 29 2 2 4 2 2 4 2 2 4

35-39 10 16 26 6 3 9 6 3 9 6 3 9

40-44 21 17 38 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1

45-49 11 17 28 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1

50+ 38 30 68 1 10 11 1 10 11 1 10 11

TOTAL 193 183 14 27 14 27 14 27

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CHAPTER TWO

PRIORITISATION OF DEVELOPMENT ISSUES

Introduction The summarized key development problems and gaps identified from the situational analysis

of the district linked with the 7 pillars of the Ghana Shared Growth and Development Agenda

(GSGDA II) enabled the municipality to identify the key priorities for accelerated growth and

development.

This is in recognition of the fact that limited financial and human resource has hindered the

implementation of most development plans in the municipality. In view of this fact, the

stakeholders in collaboration with the planning team ranked and identified the following

goals as the key development priorities for accelerated shared growth and improved socio-

economic conditions of the people in the Municipality.

The development priorities identified under the 7 pillars of the GSGDA 2014-2017 are as

follows:

Prioritised Issues

1. Inadequate revenue mobilisation

2. Poor access to potable water

3. Poor roads surface condition

4. Inadequate drainage systems

5. Inadequate and late release of external funds

6. Lack of adequate Public Senior High Schools

7. Inadequate and poor access to environmental sanitary facilities

8. Poor access to health facilities

9. Lack of public sector doctors

10. Lack of operating theatre and equipment

11. Lack of modern transport terminals with ancillary facilities

12. Lack of modern Market centres

13. Congestion in some public basic schools

14. Inadequate infrastructure for public Schools (day-care centres, staff common room,

canteen, kitchen for school feeding programme, recreational facilities, toilet facilities

etc)

15. High rate of unemployment

16. Loss of arable land to estate development activities and rubber plantations

17. Weak enforcement of building regulations

18. Low women participation in decision making

19. Weak enforcement of land use planning schemes

20. Poor access to agriculture machinery

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21. Undeveloped potential tourist sites 22. Lack of irrigation dams

23. Poor condition of bridges

24. Inadequate office accommodation and logistics

25. Lack of land documentation for all public lands

26. Insecurity in some areas (Police Station, Streetlights, sandwining)

27. Weak enforcement of fishing regulations

28. Inadequate Library facilities

29. Inadequate teaching and learning materials

30. Inadequate staff accommodation

31. Lack of storage and processing facilities for agriculture produce

32. Inadequate supply of electricity

33. Poor access to ECG Fault Office

34. High incidence of Accident on the Highway

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Harmonized Identified Key Development Problems/Issues under the Thematic Areas of the GSGDA (2014-2017)

No. Harmonized Key Development issues under 2014-2017 GSGDA Thematic Area 2014-2017 1

1. Undeveloped potential tourist sites 2. Inadequate employable skills 3. Inadequate credit facilities 4. Weak institutional collaboration 5. High unemployment especially among the youth 6. Inadequate tourist infrastructure 7. Inadequate/limited SMEs 8. Inadequate lorry parks 9. Untapped local resources and Under-utilization of capacity


2 1. high cost of outboard motors 2. high cost of pre-mix fuel 3. Incidence of illegal fishing practices 4. lack of storage facilities for fishing 5. Loss of arable lands to estate development activities 6. Poor condition of dams 7. Lack of shelter for Fisher folks 8. Increase cost of agricultural inputs 9. Inadequate refuse containers 10. Inadequate Public Toilet Facilities

Accelerated Agricultural Modernisation and Natural Resource Management

3 1. Inadequate Drainage system 2. Poor road surface condition 3. Poor condition of bridges 4. Inadequate supply of electricity in some parts of the municipality 5. Insecurity due to some petty chieftaincy and land dispute 6. Lack of a well-engineered transport terminals with its ancillary facilities 7. Lack of a well-engineered market with its ancillary facilities 8. Haphazard physical development

Infrastructure, Energy And Human Settlements Development

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9. Inadequate logistics for physical planning and development control activities 10. Weak enforcement of building regulations 11. Seasonal Flooding 12. Poor accessibility to potable water in some communities 13. Incidence of accidents 14. Poor access to potable water 15. Poor access to ECG office 16. Absence of streetlights in some communities 17. Weak enforcement of land use planning regulations

4 Education

1. Congestion in some schools 2. Inadequate furniture in some schools 3. Inadequate infrastructure for public schools 4. Encroachment on some school lands 5. Lack of electricity in some schools 6. Poor condition of school infrastruture 7. Inadequate office accomodation for the Education Directorate 8. Inadequate logistics for the education Directorate 9. Lack of Ancillary Facilities in some schools 10. Inadequate Senior Secondary Infrastructure 11. Inadequate library facilities 12. Inadequate teachers accommodation

Health

13. Inadequate health staff 14. Chronic shortage of water in some communities 15. Breakdown of the Seven (7) Communities Water Supply System (7CWSS) 16. Poor volunteer participation in health programmes due to lack of incentives 17. Inadequate Doctors 18. No Ambulance for Transportation of Emergency/Referred cases for further

management

Human Development, Employment and Productivity

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19. Inadequate logistics for the Health Directorate 20. Inadequate Office Accommodation for the Municipal Health Directorate 21. Lack of Operating Theatre to Manage Medical/Surgical Emergencies Cases 22. Lack of Land documentation for all Public Health Facilities/Lands in the municipality 23. Lack of Fence Wall at all Public Health Facilities in the municipality 24. Poor access to health facilities

Productivity and Employment 1. High incidence of poverty 2. High rate of unemployment 3. High incidence of single parenthood

5 1. Inadequate office accommodation and staff residential accommodation 2. Lack of logistics for the full operation of all the Zonal Councils 3. Inadequate funds for the Zonal Councils 4. Low women participation in decision-making 5. Insecurity created by sandwining activities along the beaches 6. Poor access to police service 7. Inadequate community centers 8. Inadequate and late release of external funds 9. Inadequate data on rate payers 10. Inadequate revenue mobilisation


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Table 37: Prioritized issues linked with GSGDA (2014-2017)

The table below indicates prioritized issues which have been linked to the thematic areas.

GSGDA I THEMATIC AREAS (2014-2017)

ADOPTED ISSUES HARMONISED ISSUES 2014-2017


1. Undeveloped potential tourist sites 2. Undeveloped potential tourist sites 3. Inadequate employable skills 4. Inadequate credit facilities 5. Weak institutional collaboration 6. High unemployment especially among the

youth 7. Inadequate tourist infrastructure 8. Inadequate/limited SMEs 9. Inadequate lorry parks 10. Untapped local resources and Under

utilization of capacity

1. Undeveloped potential tourist sites 2. Undeveloped potential tourist sites 3. Inadequate employable skills 4. Inadequate credit facilities 5. Weak institutional collaboration 6. High unemployment especially among

the youth 7. Inadequate tourist infrastructure 8. Inadequate/limited SMEs 9. Inadequate lorry parks 10. Untapped local resources and Under

utilization of capacity

Accelerated Agricultural Modernisation and Natural Resource Management

11. high cost of outboard motors 12. high cost of pre-mix fuel 13. Incidence of illegal fishing practices 14. lack of storage facilities for fishing 15. Loss of arable lands to estate development

activities 16. Poor condition of dams 17. Lack of shelter for Fisher folks 18. Increase cost of agricultural inputs 19. Inadequate refuse containers 20. Inadequate Public Toilet Facilities 21. Land degradation due to sand winning

11. high cost of outboard motors 12. high cost of pre-mix fuel 13. Incidence of illegal fishing practices 14. lack of storage facilities for fishing 15. Loss of arable lands to estate

development activities 16. Poor condition of dams 17. Lack of shelter for Fisher folks 18. Increase cost of agricultural inputs 19. Inadequate refuse containers 20. Inadequate Public Toilet Facilities 21. Land degradation due to sand winning

Infrastructure, Energy And Human Settlements Development

22. Inadequate Drainage system 23. Poor road surface condition 24. Poor condition of bridges 25. Inadequate supply of electricity in some

parts of the municipality 26. Insecurity due to some petty chieftaincy

and land dispute 27. Lack of a well-engineered transport

terminals with its ancillary facilities 28. Lack of a well-engineered market with its

ancillary facilities 29. Haphazard physical development 30. Inadequate logistics for physical planning

and development control activities

22. Inadequate Drainage system 23. Poor road surface condition 24. Poor condition of bridges 25. Inadequate supply of electricity in

some parts of the municipality 26. Insecurity due to some petty

chieftaincy and land dispute 27. Lack of a well-engineered transport

terminals with its ancillary facilities 28. Lack of a well-engineered market with

its ancillary facilities 29. Haphazard physical development 30. Inadequate logistics for physical

planning and development control

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31. Weak enforcement of building regulations 32. Seasonal Flooding 33. Poor accessibility to potable water in

some communities 34. Incidence of accidents 35. Poor access to potable water 36. Poor access to ECG office 37. Absence of streetlights in some

communities 38. Weak enforcement of land use planning

regulations

activities 31. Weak enforcement of building

regulations 32. Seasonal Flooding 33. Poor accessibility to potable water in

some communities 34. Incidence of accidents 35. Poor access to potable water 36. Poor access to ECG office 37. Absence of streetlights in some

communities 38. Weak enforcement of land use planning

regulations

Human Development, Employment and Productivity

Education 39. Congestion in some schools 40. Inadequate furniture in some schools 41. Inadequate infrastructure for public

schools 42. Encroachment on some school lands 43. Lack of electricity in some schools 44. Poor condition of school infrastruture 45. Inadequate office accomodation for the

Education Directorate 46. Inadequate logistics for the education

Directorate 47. Lack of Ancillary Facilities in some schools 48. Inadequate Senior Secondary

Infrastructure 49. Inadequate library facilities 50. Inadequate teachers accommodation

Health

51. Inadequate health staff 52. Chronic shortage of water in some

communities 53. Breakdown of the Seven (7) Communities

Water Supply System (7CWSS) 54. Poor volunteer participation in health

programmes due to lack of incentives 55. Inadequate Doctors 56. No Ambulance for Transportation of

Emergency/Referred cases for further management

57. Inadequate logistics for the Health Directorate

58. Inadequate Office Accommodation for the Municipal Health Directorate

Education 39. Congestion in some schools 40. Inadequate furniture in some schools 41. Inadequate infrastructure for public

schools 42. Encroachment on some school lands 43. Lack of electricity in some schools 44. Poor condition of school infrastruture 45. Inadequate office accomodation for the

Education Directorate 46. Inadequate logistics for the education

Directorate 47. Lack of Ancillary Facilities in some

schools 48. Inadequate Senior Secondary

Infrastructure 49. Inadequate library facilities 50. Inadequate teachers accommodation

Health

51. Inadequate health staff 52. Chronic shortage of water in some

communities 53. Breakdown of the Seven (7)

Communities Water Supply System (7CWSS)

54. Poor volunteer participation in health programmes due to lack of incentives

55. Inadequate Doctors 56. No Ambulance for Transportation of

Emergency/Referred cases for further management

57. Inadequate logistics for the Health Directorate

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59. Lack of Operating Theatre to Manage 60. Lack of Land documentation for all Public

Health Facilities/Lands in the municipality

61. Lack of Fence Wall at all Public Health Facilities in the municipality


a. Productivity and Employment 63. High incidence of poverty 64. High rate of unemployment 65. High incidence of single parenthood

58. Inadequate Office Accommodation for the Municipal Health Directorate

59. Lack of Operating Theatre to Manage Medical/Surgical Emergencies Cases

60. Lack of Land documentation for all Public Health Facilities/Lands in the municipality

61. Lack of Fence Wall at all Public Health Facilities in the municipality


a. Productivity and Employment 63. High incidence of poverty 64. High rate of unemployment 65. High incidence of single parenthood


66. Inadequate office accommodation and staff residential accommodation

67. Lack of logistics for the full operation of all the Zonal Councils

68. Inadequate funds for the Zonal Councils 69. Low women participation in decision-

making 70. Insecurity created by sandwining

activities along the beaches 71. Poor access to police service 72. Inadequate community centers 73. Inadequate and late release of external

funds 74. Inadequate data on rate payers 75. Inadequate revenue mobilisation

66. Inadequate office accommodation and staff residential accommodation

67. Lack of logistics for the full operation of all the Zonal Councils

68. Inadequate funds for the Zonal Councils 69. Low women participation in decision-

making 70. Insecurity created by sandwining

activities along the beaches 71. Poor access to police service 72. Inadequate community centers 73. Inadequate and late release of external

funds 74. Inadequate data on rate payers 75. Inadequate revenue mobilisation

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CHAPTER THREE

DEVELOPMENT GOAL, OBJECTIVES AND STRATEGIES

Introduction This chapter outlines the Municipal Development Focus, goal, projections, objectives and strategies

for implementation of prioritized activities as prescribed in the National Development Planning

Commission (NDPC) guidelines. The goal was formulated to reflect on the needs, priorities and

aspirations of the people of the Komenda-Edina-Eguafo-Abrem (KEEA) Municipal Assembly.

Development Focus The Development focus of the Assembly is to improve basic living standards, good governance and

reducing poverty through efficient revenue mobilization, provision of quality basic socio-economic

services, sustainable environmental sanitation and promote public private partnership.

National goal The basic goal of the GSGDA II (2014-2017) is to achieve and sustain macroeconomic stability while

placing the economy on a path to higher and shared growth, reducing socio-economic inequalities,

ensuring rapid reduction in poverty and achieving the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs).

Municipal Development Goal To promote the socio-economic development, and improve the standard of living of the people in the Municipality without compromising the environment.

The objectives and strategies to achieve the above stated goal are outlined in conjunction with the

thematic areas as stated below; based on the development focus and priorities of the Municipal:

Ensuring and sustaining Macroeconomic stability

Infrastructure, Energy and Human settlements

Accelerated agricultural modernization and sustainable natural resource management

Human development, productivity and employment

Enhancing competitiveness in Ghana’s private sector


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Municipal development projections and service requirements for 2014-2017 This section captures the projected Municipal population for the plan period 2014-2017 and

applies these in determining some social and economic services/ facilities required within the plan

period.

The Municipal population projection was based on the following assumptions:

(i) The municipal growth rate of 2.7 would not change significantly for the four-year plan period.

(ii) The fertility rate of 3.6 would not change significantly for the four-year period. (iii) The rate of migration in the district remains the same. (iv) The life expectancy was assumed to remain at 63 years within the plan period.

Municipal projected population The total population of the Municipality was projected to increase from 144,705 in 2010 to 161,208

with a growth rate of 2.7 in 2014 and 174,809 by 2017.

Table 38 shows the municipality’s population projections from 2014-2017

Table 38: Municipal Projected Population

2010 Population Census Projected Population

2014 2015 2016 2017

0-14 58,102 64,728 66,500 68,319 70,189 15-64 77,481 86,318 88,680 91,107 93,600 65+ 9,122 10,162 10,440 10,726 11,020 Total 144,705 161,208 165,620 170,152 174,809

Implication of the population projection for Development Planning Implication on Health

The health of citizens is one of the issues of concern to the Komenda-Edina-Eguafo-Abrem (KEEA)

Municipal Assembly. , inversely related to its development and it is to this that necessitates the

improvement of the well-being of citizens through equitably provision of better health facilities to

all communities within the Municipality. Provision of health infrastructures is normally based on

the threshold of the community. This is done to make sure that resources are effectively and

efficiently utilized. The table below, therefore, seeks to explain the standard in relation to the

population threshold of a community and its appropriate health facilities that can be provided and

this is done under the auspices of the Ministry of Health.

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Table 39: Health Facilities and Population Threshold

No. Health Facilities Population Threshold Min Max 1. Regional Hospital 600,000 1,000,000 2. District Hospital 80,000 200,000 3. Urban Health Centre (Poly clinic) 30,000 50,000 4. Health Centre 5,000 25,000 5. Health Post - 5,000 6. clinic - 5,000

Source: Planning Standards and Development Guidelines for all Settlements in Ghana (Volume 11),

2010.

As at 2014, the Municipality has 1 Public Specialist Hospital, 7 CHPS Compounds, 4 Health Centers

and 2 Maternity Homes. The Municipality cannot boast of a District Hospital despite the existence of

the facilities mentioned earlier. Hence referral cases are transferred to other hospitals outside the

Municipality, particularly Cape Coast. As regards the projected population of the Municipality in

2017, it qualifies for the provision of a District Hospital. Its provision will in the long run help

reduce the travel cost and also reduce the rate at which emergency cases are being responded to in

the Municipality.

To increase accessibility to health facilities, the Assembly will need to provide CHPS compounds to

some areas.

Implication on Education The Municipality’s demand for educational infrastructure has increased due to the Government’s

policies such as the School Feeding Programme and Free Compulsory Universal Basic Education

(FCUBE) vis-à-vis the Capitation Grant. The Municipality is therefore expectant for the rapid growth

of the current demand in course of the planning period. This demand is however based on the

under listed assumptions:

The school participation rate for pre-school, primary, JHS and SHS levels will increase

between the plan period of 2014-2017.

That immediate attention will be given to improving other basic social infrastructure

(teachers’ accommodation, electricity, and potable water) and teachers’ conditions of

service to attract personnel to the rural areas.

The table below illustrates the threshold population for educational facilities according to the

National Educational Standards.

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Table 40: Population thresholds for educational facilities

No. Educational Facilities Population Threshold Basic Facilities to be Provided Min Max A B C D E F G H I J K L M

1. Nursery 1,000 5,000 x x x x 2. Primary 1,500 6,000 x x x x x x 3. JHS 5,000 10,000 x x x x x x x x x x x 4. SHS 10,000 20,000 x x x x x x x x x x x x x 5. Training School 10,000 20,000 x x x x x x x x x x x x x 6. others - 50,000 x x x x x x x x x x x x x

Source: Planning Standards and Development Guidelines for all Settlements in Ghana (Volume 11),

2010.

Basic Facilities to be provided

A: Playing field; B: Gardens; C: Toilet; D: Electricity; E: Water; F: Science laboratories; G: Offices and Classrooms; H: Staff Common Room; I: Dormitory Block; J: Workshop; K: Staff accommodation; L: Library; M: Telephone

Table 41: Educational Facilities and Number of Students per class

Educational Facilities Number of students per class Min Max Nursery 40 50 Primary 40 45 JHS 35 40 SHS 30 35 Source: Planning Standards and Development Guidelines for all Settlements in Ghana (Volume 11),

2010.

The municipality currently has 106 KGs, 105 Primary Schools and 78 Junior High Schools and 5 SHS

as well as 4 Vocational/Technical Institutes and 1 College of Education. With respect to the

Municipality’s school enrolment which is shown in the table below,

Table 42: Municipal School Enrolment

YEAR

PUBLIC ENROLMENT BOYS GIRLS TOTAL

2012/13 KG 4603 4500 9103 Primary 12,582 11980 24562 JHS 4168 3954 8140

Grand Total 21371 20434 41805 2013/14 KG 4526 4651 9177

Primary 12280 11955 24235 JHS 4404 4273 8677

Grand Total 21210 20879 42089

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The Municipality needs to provide 10 more KGs by the end of 2014, 1 more in addition to the 10

(making 11) by the end of 2015, and by the end of 2016 and 2017 the Municipality should have 11

KGs in addition to what it has currently (15 KGs).

The Municipality also needs to provide 49 more Primary schools by the end of 2014, 3 more in

addition to the 49 (making 52) by the end of 2015, 4 more in addition to the 52 (making 56) by the

end of 2016 and then another 4 more in addition to the 56 (making 60) by the end of 2017 to what

it has currently (22).

The Municipality again would have to provide 14 more JHS by the end of 2014, 2 more in addition

to the 14 (making 16) by the end of 2015, 3 more in addition to the 16 (making 19) by the end of

2016 and then another 3 more in addition to the 19 (making 22) by the end of 2017 to what it has

currently (19).

With respect to the projections, it can be deduced that the current educational infrastructure in the

Municipality is to some extent adequate. It is therefore required of the KEEA Municipal Assembly to

facilitate the rapid and smooth delivery and functionality of the community Day SHS facility that the

government is putting up.

Implication on Water and Sanitation

Water and sanitation should be one area of critical concern to the Municipality with regards to its

effects it can have on the socio-economic lives of the people. Most of the communities have access

to either pipe borne or borehole in the Municipality except in the “Seven Communities”.

Accessibility to potable water is much of a problem in the only these “Seven Communities” and in

the remotest parts of the Municipality. In view of this, there had not been any outbreak of water

related diseases in the Municipality except a couple of cholera cases that were recorded in 2014. In

areas where there is absence of either pipe borne or borehole, the residents resort to wells, streams

and other water bodies. Some residents also harvest rainwater during the rainy seasons.

Notwithstanding the above, the Municipality is fast developing with people constructing new

houses, hence, the need to extend potable water to newly developing areas. It is the hope that, by

the end of the planning period these new areas will have access to potable water as against the

expansion water project by the Central Government that is on-going and the GNWP programmes in

the water sector.

Also with respect to sanitation, which is one of the areas the Municipality is critically addressing

especially under the GNWP, the Assembly is very much challenged with sanitation and waste

management. Currently the Final Disposal Site at Edina Essaman is faced with a myriad of

challenges. This situation is a big challenge as it is anticipated that, the site will be decommissioned

sooner than expected with its growing population as well as that of the other issues associated with

it. This implies that the Assembly has to facilitate its collaboration with the Cape Coast Metropolitan

Assembly (CCMA) to put in place the joint Waste Management Plant to salvage the situation.

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With regards to liquid waste, it is observed that most households in the rural part of the

Municipality do not have access to toilets facilities in their homes thereby resorting to open

defecation and the few public toilets available. With regard to the projected population, the current

number of public toilets will not be enough. It will therefore be prudent for the Assembly to build

public toilets in addition to the existing ones to meet the growing population and also advocate for

people to build toilets in their homes.

Development Projections for 2014-2017 The development projections for the Municipality after the various analyses are as follows:

Increase Internally Generated Revenue by 50% by December 2017;

Improve access to socio-economic infrastructure and it related services by 30% by

December 2017;

Improve environmental sanitation by 35% by December 2017;

Improve agriculture production by 25% by December 2017;

Develop and implement approved land use planning schemes by 50% by December 2017;

Improve street-naming and addressing system by 50% by December 2017;

Increase the participation of women in decision-making by 30% by December 2017;

Increase awareness creation and reduce the incidence of HIV/AIDS by 30% by December

2017;

Increase employment generation by undertaking more Local Economic Development

Programmes and projects to grow private business operations by 30% by December 2017

Promote awareness creation on Climate Change and Green Economy by 30% by December

2017

Promote the operations of the sub-structures by 50% by December 2017

Table 43: Linking Municipal Key Development Issues to GSGDA II (2014-2017) adopted Objectives and Strategies

Thematic Area Development Issues Adopted Policy

Objectives

Adopted Strategies

Infrastructure and Human Settlement Development

Poor access to potable water

Accelerate the provision of adequate, safe and affordable water

- Mobilize investments for the construction of new, and existing rehabilitation and expansion of existing water treatment plants - Implement demand management measures

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Objectives

Adopted Strategies

for efficient water use - Encourage PPPs in water service delivery -Facilitate the full implementation of the GNWP

Poor roads surface condition

Create and sustain an efficient and effective transport system that meets user needs

-Prioritize the maintenance of existing road infrastructure to reduce vehicle operating costs (VOC) and future rehabilitation costs - Sustain labor-based methods of road construction and maintenance to improve rural roads and maximize employment opportunities

-Weak enforcement of building regulation - Weak enforcement of land use planning

Facilitate on-going institutional, technological and legal reforms in support of land use planning

- Accelerate the enactment of coherent legal framework for land use planning - Adopt new and innovative means of promoting development control and enforcement of the planning and building regulations

Inadequate supply of electricity

Provide adequate, reliable and affordable energy to meet the national needs and for export

-Expand power generation capacity -increase access to energy by the poor and vulnerable -Improve efficiency in power generation, transmission and distribution -Ensure universal access to electricity by 2016

Inadequate and poor access to environmental sanitary facilities

Accelerate the provision of improved environmental sanitation facilities

-Promote the construction and use of modern household and institutional toilet facilities -Expand disability-friendly sanitation facilities -promote recycling, re-use, reduction and recovery principles in waste management in major towns and cities -Review, gazette and enforce MMDAs bye-laws on sanitation -Strengthen PPPs in waste management -Provide modern toilet and sanitary facilities in all schools

Human

Development,

Productivity

and

Employment

-Inadequate Public Senior High Schools -Congestion in some public basic schools -Inadequate infrastructure for public Schools

Increase inclusive and equitable access to and participation in education at all levels

-Remove the physical, financial and social barriers and constraints to access to education at all levels -Roll out programme for the attainment of universal access to second cycle education -bridge the gender gap and access to education at all levels

Inadequate teaching and learning

Improve quality of teaching and learning

Ensure adequate supply of teaching and learning materials

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Objectives

Adopted Strategies

materials Poor access to health facilities

Bridge the equity gabs in geographical access to health services

-Strengthen the District and sub-district health systems as the bed-rock of the national primary health care strategy -Accelerate the implementation of the revised CHPS strategy especially in underserved areas -Formulate and implement health sector capital investment policy and plan

Lack of public sector doctors

Improve efficiency in governance and management of health system

Deepen stakeholder engagement and partnership (public, private and community) for health care delivery

High rate of unemployment

Create opportunities for accelerated job creation across all sectors

-Develop schemes to support self-employment, especially among the youth -promote more labour intensive and value-added industries -Support establishment of participatory and cooperative mechanisms to enhance income and job security in the informal sector

Enhance

Competiveness

of Ghana’s

Private Sector

Undeveloped potential tourist sites Inadequate employable skills Inadequate credit facilities Weak institutional collaboration High unemployment especially among the youth Inadequate tourist infrastructure

Diversify and expand the tourism industry for economic development

-Promote Public Private Partnerships for investment in the sector -Strengthen collaboration and coordination among key stakeholders to develop the tourism sector

Accelerated

Agricultural

Modernization

and

Sustainable

Natural

Resource

Management

Poor access to agriculture machinery

Promote Agriculture Mechanization

-Promote the availability of machinery under hire purchase and lease schemes -Develop human capacity in agriculture machinery management, operation and maintenance within the public and private sectors -Mainstream gender issues into agriculture mechanization

104


Objectives

Adopted Strategies

Poor condition of irrigation dams

Promote irrigation development

-Rehabilitate viable existing irrigation infrastructure and promote their efficient utilization -Promote private sector participation in irrigation development, management and utilization

Weak enforcement of fishing regulations

Enhance fish production and productivity

-Review Fisheries Act 2002, Act 625 and implement regulation 2010 (LI 1968) of 2010 to improve management of the industry -Strengthen monitoring controls and surveillance systems and ensure compliance with laws and regulations on fisheries resources

Lack of storage and processing facilities

Improve post-production management

-Develop effective post-harvest management strategies, particularly storage facilities at individual and community levels -Promote Public-Private Partnerships (PPP) in the agric sector

Transport and

Accountable

Governance

Low women participation in decision making

Promote gender equity in political, social and economic development System and outcomes

-Institutionalize gender budgeting -Target and bridge capacity gaps for the active and equal participation of women and men at all levels of civil society, economy, peace building and governance -Encourage political parties to facilitate the candidature of females in elections

Inadequate office accommodation and logistics

Ensure effective implementation of the decentralisation policy and programmes

-Promote Public Private Partnerships (PPPs) arrangements for infrastructural development for the newly created districts and ILS

Inadequate revenue mobilization

Ensure effective and efficient resource mobilization, internal revenue generation and resource management

- improve the capacity of finance and administrative staff of MMDAs - institute measures to block leakages and loopholes in the revenue mobilization and utilization of investment grant - develop reliable business and property database system including the street naming and property addressing

100

CHAPTER FOUR

DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMMES

Introduction

This chapter looks at the broad municipal development programme for 2014-2017 and the

indicative financial plan as well as application of sustainability tools to the programmes.

Development Programmes for 2014-2017 Table 4.1indicates the various programmes expected to be carried out by the KEEA Municipal

Assembly by the end of the Plan Period of 2017.

101

PROGRAMME OF ACTION (PoA) FOR 2014- 2017 UNDER GSGDA II 1. Ensuring and sustaining macroeconomic stability

No.

Activity

Location

Time Frame Indicative Budget (GH¢)

Indicators

Sources of funding

Implementation Responsibility

20

14

20

15

20

16

20

17

M

ain

Su

pp

ort

L

ead

Collaborative Dept/Unit/

Officer

1. Organize training workshops for revenue collectors to build their capacity

√ √ √ 64,000.00

Improved Revenue Collection

Finance Dept

HR, MBA, RS

2. Procure 1 no. mini-bus to facilitate mobility of revenue collectors

√ 68,000.00

3. Organise public education on prompt tax payment on radios and at information centres & Identification of new sources of Revenue

√ √ √ √ 42,800.00

4. Complete street naming exercise to assist revenue collection

√ √ √ √ 50,000.00

102

2. Enhancing Competitiveness of Ghana’s Private Sector

No.

Activity

Location


Indicators

Sources of funding


20

14

20

15

20

16

20

17

M

ain

Su

pp

ort

L

ead


Officer

1. Develop the Eguafo Sacred Site into a tourist site

√ √ 125,000.00

Eguafo tourists site developed

Donor

2. Turning a number of Beaches in the municipality into tourism sites

√ √ √ 56,000.00

Selected beaches converted into tourists sites

3. Improve the Status of Fort Jago √ 80,000.00 Fort Jago rehabilitated

4. Organize workshops for SMEs in simple book-keeping and cooperative formation and basic training in group dynamics

√ √ 24,000.00

5. Organise technology improvement and finishing in Welding and Fabrication

√ 12,000.00

103

3. Accelerated agricultural modernization and sustainable Natural resource management

No.

Activity

Location


Indicators

Sources of funding


20

14

20

15

20

16

20

17

M

ain

Su

pp

ort

L

ead


Officer

1 Sustain Post Harvest Technology and Train 300 farmers, DDOs, AEAs on Post-harvest handling

Municipalwi

de √ √ 40,000.00

Director of Agriculture

2 Organise Training Programmes for farmers in maize, rice and cassava technologies √ √ √ 22,000.00

3 Organize farmers day celebrations √ √ √ √ 128,000.00

4 Training on Cat log existing agricultural mechanization technologies

5 Equip and enable the Agriculture Award winners and FBOs to serve as sources of extension training and markets to small scale farmers within their localities

6 Complete works on Cold Store to reduce post-harvest loses

104

Train FBOs in Group Dynamism and Extension Education

Organise stakeholder meetings towards the creation of Municipal Agriculture Advisory Committee

Conduct Field Days and Field Demonstrations in the Municipality

Vaccinations and the Training of farmers on animal production

Enactment of Bye-laws to control stray animals

Train 500 individual farmers and farmer groups on sound and improved post-harvest technologies.

Organize 2-day training programme for 20 women groups on processing and value addition.

Introduce improved varieties of maize and cassava (high yielding, short duration, disease and pest resistant) to 1500 small holder Farmers.

105

4. Infrastructure, Energy and Human Development

No.

Activity

Location


Indicators

Sources of funding


20

14

20

15

20

16

20

17

M

ain

Support

Lea

d


Officer

Reshaping of feeder roads √ √ √ √

Improve and construct drainage facilities

(U-drain, gutters)

√ √ √ √

Enforce traffic regulations on major roads

Ensure all water transport operators comply with safety measures (eg. Use of Life jackets)

Facilitate the extention of GWCL pipelines in the various towns

Provision of school infrastructure (classroomblocks, libraries teachers

106

accommodation) to schools in the municipality

Furnish ICT facilities in the Municipality and Increase coverage of ICT infrastructure particularly in

rural and peri-urban communities

-Preservation and restoration of important coastal habitat

Supporting traditional and identifying new livelihoods for coastal communities

Enact and adopt bye-laws on wetlands and coastal management

Building adaptive capacity of coastal communities

Strategic Environmental Assessment on coastal issues

Resettlement of community against flooding

Enact bye-laws to check sand winning activities

107

5. Human Development, Productivity And Employment

No.

Activity

Location


Indicators

Sources of funding


2014 2015

2016

2017

Mai

n

Su

pp

ort

L

ead


Officer

Complete works on CHPS compound and Provide furniture for the CHPS Compound

Organise training in entrepreneurship for the physically challenged

√ √ √

Organise basic community skill training in batik tie and dye, bee keeping, bamboo processing, soap

108

production

Provision of 1,000 Veronica Buckets to Basic Schools for Hand Watching

Provision of 2,000 Teachers Tables and Chairs for Basic Schools.

Procure and supply refuse containers (Skips)

Procure sanitation tools and equipment (Various)

Carrying out mapping programmes in selected areas to identify street children

Senstizing parents and stakeholders on the negative effects of child labour

6. Transparent And Accountable Governance

No.

Activity

Location


Indicators

Sources of funding


2014 2015

2016

2017

Mai

n

Su

pp

ort

L

ead


Officer

Annual workshops on internal revenue mobilization and expenditure

Consultative meetings with trade and labor associations on fee fixing

√ √

109

Organize 2 open forum on revenue and expenditure annually

Organize Public hearings on level of planned implementation

110

INDICATIVE FINANCIAL PLAN This section examines the structure of revenue and expenditure of the Municipality. The main

sources of revenue can be categorized into internal and external sources. In general the internal

revenue sources are used to cover both Capital and Recurrent expenses of the Assembly. The

Central Grants and Donor funds served as the main source of funds for development expenditure.

This section therefore assesses the revenue and expenditure pattern of the KEEA Municipal

Assembly.

Local Revenue Structure

The sources of revenue to KEEA Municipal Assembly have been classified into three major

categories:

Internally Generated Fund (IGF) (e.g. Rates, Lands, Fees/Fines, Licences and Rents)

Transfers from central government including the District Assembly Common Fund (DACF),

Donor Funds such as the District Development Facility (DDF), Urban Development Grant

(UDG) and the Ghana Netherlands WASH Programme

Table 44: Indicative Financial Plan for 2014-2017

SOURCES OF FUNDING 2014 2015 2016 2017

IGF 423,174.10 516,272.40 629,852.33 768,419.84

DACF 2,125,360.00 2,632,702.00 2,764,337.10 2,902,553.96

DACF (MP) 92,000.00 110,400.00 132,480.00

DDF 1,246,620.00 1,246,620 1,308,951.00 1,374,398.55

UDG 1,275,210.00 1,275,996.88 1,339,796.72 1,406,786.56

GNWP 51,569,000.00 67,909,000.00 409,251.50 528,729.50

GOG 436,842.00 124,858.95 355,103.06 366,138.17

OTHER SOURCES (DONOR) 419,719.83 419,719.83 449,705.92 462,741.21

TOTAL 57,495,925.93 74,217,169.66 7,367,397.63 7,942,247.79

111

CHAPTER FIVE

ANNUAL ACTION PLANS The table below shows the Programmes and Projects to be executed in the Municipality for the period 2014 to 2017.

Table 45: Programmes and Projects

112

2014 ANNUAL ACTION PLAN

No.

Activity

Location


Indicators

Sources of funding Implementation Responsibility

Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4

M

ain

Sup

po

rt

Lea

d

Collaborative Dept./Unit/ Officer

1 Support for community initiated projects Municipal Wide √ √ √ √ 52,754.95 DACF MPCU

MWD

2 Procurement of Building materials Municipal wide √ √ 50,000.00 DACF P.O MWD 3 Support for municipal mock examinations Municipal Wide √ √ 5,000.00 DACF C.A. MED 4 Bursaries and scholarship for brilliant but

needy students Municipal Wide √ 13,601.98 DACF C.A. MED

5 Support For my First Day at School Municipal Wide √ 4,500.00 DACF C.A. MED 6 Support for Science, Technology ,Mathematics

and innovative Education Clinic(STMIE) Municipal Wide √ 8,000.00 DACF C.A. MED

7 Annual Best Teachers Award Municipal Wide √ 10,000.00 DACF C.A. MED 8 Completion of Kissi Zonal Council Office Kissi √ 14,498.08 DDF MPCU MWD 9 Rehabilitation Of Ayensudo Zonal Council Ayensudo √ 12,947.00 DACF MPCU MWD 10 Completion of Ntranoa Zonal Council Office Ntranoa √ 7,604.35 DACF MPCU MWD 11 Training of Zonal Council Member on book

Keeping, Revenue Mobilization and Report Writing

Municipal Wide √ 8,220.04 DACF HR C.A

12 Provision of Logistics to Sub-District Structures(Stationary, Furniture and Fittings)

Municipal Wide √ 12,330.59 DACF MPCU C.A.

13 HIV/AIDS Malaria Control Municipal Wide √ √ √ √ 10,275.00 DACF DOH C.A. 15 Staff Capacity Building Elmina √ 41,190.00 DDF HR C.A

16 Digital Mapping Municipal Wide √ 37,000.00 DONOR TCPD GIZ

17 Preparation of 2014-2017 Medium Term Development Plan MTDP

Elmina √ √ 16,000.00 DACF MPCU C.A

18 Monitoring and Evaluation of Assembly Projects

Municipal Wide √ √ √ √ 20,000.00 DACF MPCU C.A

19 Workshops and Seminars Elmina √ √ √ √ 35,000.00 DACF HR C.A 20 Office Supplies for Physical planning Dept. Elmina √ 11,343.59 GOG PPD C.A

21 Preparation of Composite Budget Elmina √ 12,000.00 DACF B.C. C.A 22 Reviewing and Gazetting of Fee Fixing

Resolution Elmina √ 3,500.00 DACF B.C. C.A.

113

23 Build and update Revenue & Social-Economic Data

Municipal Wide √ 34,510.00 DACF MPCU C.A.

24 Purchase of Office Furniture Elmina √ 15,000.00 DACF C.A. P.O 25 National Commemorative Celebrations Municipal Wide √ √ √ 50,000.00 DACF C.A

26 Purchase of Office Equipment Elmina √ 162.00 DACF C.A 27 Refurbishing of Assembly Complex(phase1) Elmina √ 79,070.00 DACF MWD MPCU 28 Rehabilitation of Coordinating Director’s

(MCD) Residence Marine √ 13,448.54 DACF MWD MPCU

29 Construction of U-Drain and Laying of Pavement Blocks at MCE’s Residence

Elmina √ 56,385.00 DACF MWD MPCU

30 Furnishing and Burglar-proofing of 2no. 3-bedrooms semi-detach at Marine, Elmina

Marine √ 45,000.00 DACF MWD MPCU

31 Completion of 1 no.3Bedroom Semi-Detached Elmina Marine-A


32 Completion of 3Bedroom Semi-Detached Elmina Marine-B


33 Rehabilitation of SSNIT Flat 1 Blk 4 Elmina √ 16,103.50 DACF MWD MPCU 34 Food Security and Emergency Preparedness Municipal Wide √ 29,645.41 GOG AGric NADMO 35 Science and Technology applied in Food and

Agriculture Dev. Municipal Wide √ 5,669.91 GOG Agric MOFA

36 Improved Institutional Coordination Municipal Wide √ √ √ √ 14,323.73 GOG C.A. 37 Spot Improvement from Bronyibima to

Bersase Roads(abt. 12km) Bronyibima to bersase

√ 22,374,00 GOG MWD MPCU

38 Revaluation of properties in Major Towns with KEEA.

Municipal Wide √ √ √ 82,000.00 UDG C.A. MPCU

39 Rehabilitation of 2no. Open shed at Elmina New Market

Elmina √ √ 294,667.00 UDG MWD MPCU

40 Construction of Lorry Station at Elmina Junction

Elmina √ 290,875.00 UDG MWD MPCU

41 Spot Improvement of Sefwi-Anwona Feeder Road(phase 1)

Sefwi-Anwona √ √ 4,781.14 DDF MWD MPCU

42 Spot Improvement of Sefwi-Anwona Feeder(phase 2)


43 Spot Improvement of Sefwi-Anwona Feeder(phase 3)


44 Construction of 12-Unit Lockable Stores at Komenda

Komenda √ 7,910.22 DDF MWD MPCU

45 Blading of Saman Abotar Road (9.2km) Saman Abotar √ 6,480.00 DACF MWD MPCU 46 Rehabilitation of Elmina New market Butches

house(Variations) Elmina √ 9,265.70 DACF MWD MPCU

114

47 Energy-Electrification Projects and Maintenances of Street Lights

Municipal wide √ √ √ √ 43,979.00 DACF MWD MPCU

48 Blading of Akwakrom Junction to Akwakrom Township

Akwakrom √ 7,700.00 DACF MWD MPCU

49 Procurement of 1no. 4 Wheel Diesel Pickup Elmina √ 50,000.00 DACF MWD MPCU 50 Construction of U-Drain at Egyeikrom Egyeikrom √ 45,174.36 DACF MWD MPCU 51 Construction of Market sheds at Ayensudo

Junction Ayensudo √ √ 30,000.00 DACF MWD MPCU

52 Street Naming and Property Addressing Municipal wide √ √ √ 50,000.00 DACF C.A. MPCU 53 Cladding of Pavilion at Elmina Zongo (Frank

Eshun & Sons Elmina Zongo √ 2,465.72 DACF MWD MPCU

54 Construction of Market Sheds at Dominase Dominase √ √ 17,389.11 DACF MWD MPCU 55 Child right protection and promotion Municipal wide √ √ 1,878.25 GOG DSW&CD C.A. 56 Community care Municipal wide √ 3,304.22 GOG DSW&CD C.A. 57 Justice Administration Municipal wide √ √ √ √ 1,397.63 GOG DSW&CD C.A. 58 Office Consumables Elmina √ √ 1,763.94 GOG P.O. C.A. 59

Home Science (Women)

Elmina √ √ 2,202.00 GOG DSW&CD C.A.

60 Extension Services Municipal Wide √ √ 890.00 GOG Agric C.A. 61 Self Help Projects Municipal wide √ √ 850.00 GOG MPCU MWD 62 Adult Education Municipal wide √ √ 955.00 GOG MED C.A 63 Mass Education (study group) Municipal wide √ 1,100.00 GOG C.A. 64 Office Consumables Elmina √ √ √ √ 2,159.40 GOG C.A. 65 School Feeding Municipal wide √ √ √ √ 542,783.00 GOG C.A. 66 Fumigation & Sanitation Municipal wide √ √ 308,000.00 GOG EHSU MPCU 67 Construction of 6-unit classroom block at

Breman Breman √ 70,795.10 DDF MWD MPCU

68 People with disability Municipal wide √ √ 70,261.00 GOG DSW&CD C.A. 69 Extension of Maternity Ward, Elmina Urban

Health Centre Elmina √ 157,487.03 UDG MWD MPCU.

70 Completion of 3-unit classroom block at Elmina M/A primary school

Elmina √ 60,609.14 DDF MWD MPCU.

71 Construction of 6-unit classroom block at Abrashia

Abrashia √ 81,820.31 DDF MWD MPCU.

72 Rehabilitation and Re-roofing of 3-unit classroom block at Agona Methodist

Agona √ 7,688.99 DDF MWD MPCU.

73 Construction1 no. 3-Bedroom semi-detached Teachers bungalow at Elmina

Elmina √ √ 57,669.68 DDF MWD MPCU.

74 Construction of 1 no. 3-unit Classroom Block with Office, Store, Urinal and KVIP at Abeyee (Doland construction)

Abeyee √ 980,57 DACF MWD MPCU.

115

75 Construction of 12 –seater W/C at Eguafo SHS (Boys)

Eguafo √ 73,461.00 DACF MWD MPCU.

76 Drainage Facility for Bronyibima Bronyibima √ √ 34,345.31 DACF MWD MPCU. 77 Wiring, Extension of Electricity and Burglar-

proofing of ICT Centre at Sherif Islamic Sch. Elmina √ 10,000.00 DACF MWD MPCU.

78 Renovation of Health Director’s Bungalow Municipal wide √ 21,500.00 DACF MWD MPCU. 79 Support for Municipal Water & Sanitation

Team Municipal wide √ 2,000.00 DACF MWD MPCU.

80 Disaster Management Municipal wide √ √ √ √ 15,000.00 DACF NADMO C.A. 81 Basic School Certificate Examination Mock

Exams Municipal wide √ 37,608.31 DACF MED C.A.

82 Support for Sports and Culture Municipal wide √ 12,536.10 DACF MED C.A. 83 Security Activities Municipal wide √ √ √ √ 2,466.11 DACF C.A 84 Construction of Kitchen for security

Detachment Yensunkwa √ 12,000.00 DACF MWD MPCU.

85 Provision of Polytank for Security Detachment Yensunkwa √ 3,000.00 DACF MWD MPCU. 86 Tourism Development Municipal wide √ √ 4,110.19 DACF MPCU C.A. 87 Day care centre with Office and Store at

Kwahinkrom (Kofi Essuman Ent.) Kwahinkrom √ 800.00 DACF MWD MPCU.

88 Construction of Doctor’s Bungalow for Komenda Health Centre

Komenda √ √ 11,907.93 DACF MWD MPCU.

89 Purchase of 200 No.Litter Bins Municipal wide √ 30,000.00 DONOR EHSU MPCU 90 Construction of 3no. Urinals at Mpoben,

Elmina Junction, and New Market Mpoben √ 19,663.74 DONOR MWD MPCU.

91 Construction of Modern Biomethanation Sewage Treatment Plant

Edina-Essaman √ √ 199,258.73 DONOR MWD EHSU/MPCU.

92 Provision of 2 units urinal Cubicles at Elmina Zongo and Urban Health Centre(Retention)

Elmina √ 1000.00 DONOR MWD MPCU.

93 Construction of 10no. Urinal for Basic School in Elmina

Elmina √ 71,250.45 DONOR MWD MPCU.

94 Purchase of 6no. Refuse Containers(Retention)

Municipal Wide √ 5,380.00 UDG EHSU MPCU.

95 Construction of 12-Seater W/C at Eguafo SHS(Girls)

Eguafo √ 9,302.66 DDF MWD MPCU.

96 Construction of 6-Seater W/C toilet at Kissi M/A JSS(Retention)

Kissi √ 1,857.96 DDF MWD MPCU.

97 Construction of 6-Seater W/C toilet at Kissi Methodist

Kissi √ 1,857.96 DDF MWD MPCU.

98 Sanitation and waste management Municipality Wide 18,953.91 DACF EHSU MPCU. 99 Operation and maintenance of sanitation

Vehicles Municipality √ √ √ √ 205,509.90 DACF EHSU C.A./TD

116

100 Fumigation Municipality Wide √ √ 200,783.17 DACF EHSU C.A. 101 Sanitation Improvement Package Municipality Wide 185,780.94 DACF EHSU C.A. 102 Rehabilitation of 20 seater Vault Chamber

Toilet at Isah, Elmina. Isah, Elmina. √ 22,718.73 DDF MWD MPCU.

103 Rehabilitation of 24 Seater W/C Toilet at Sarmu, Elmina.

Sarmu, Elmina. √ 19,638.19 DDF MWD MPCU.

104 Rehabilitation of 1no. 10 seater Vault Chamber at Elmina Market.(retention)

Elmina √ 972.93 DDF MWD MPCU.

105 Rehabilitation of 2 Blocks 108 – Unit market stall and pavement works at Elmina New Market

Elmina √ √ 303,000 UDG MWD MPCU.

106 Construction of 2No.6 Seater W/C and 4 Unit bath Facility

Nyartey √ √ 113,000 UDG MWD MPCU.

107 Construction of 2No.6 Seater W/C and 4 Unit bath Facility

Lime Street, Elmina √ √ 113,000 UDG MWD MPCU.

108 Construction of Municipal Police Head Quarters

Edugyei, Elmina √ √ 178,000 UDG MWD MPCU.

109 Construction of 2No.6 Seater W/C and 4 unit bath Facility

Bronyibima √ √ 113,000 UDG MWD MPCU.


Time Frame (2015)

Indicative Budget (GH¢)

Sources of funding Implementation Responsibility

117

No. Activity Location Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Main

Support

Lead

Collaborative Dept./Unit/Officer

1. Completion of the Preparation of 2014-2017 MTDP

Municipal wide √ 16,000.00 DACF IGF MPCU

2. Community Initiated Project Municipal wide √ √ √ √ 45,000.00 DACF MWD MPCU 3. Procurement of Building Materials Municipal wide √ √ 45,959.99 DACF MWD 4 Rehabilitation of Ayensudo Zonal Council

Office Ayensudo √ 26,000.00 DACF MWD

5 Completion of Ntranoa Zonal Council Office Ntranoa √ 4,276.00 DACF MWD 6 Training of Zonal council members and

provision of logistics Municipal wide √ 6,588.64 DACF HRM MPCU

7 Provision of Logistics to the support to sub-structure

Municipal wide √ 9,000.00 DACF MPCU PO

8 Monitoring and Evaluation of Projects Municipal wide √ √ √ √ 30,000.00 DACF MPCU MWD 9 Workshops and Seminars N/A √ √ √ √ 35,000.00 DACF HRM MPCU

10. DDF Capacity Development N/A √ 42,720.00 DDF HRM MPCU Preparation of Composite Budget N/A √ 12,000.00 DACF MBC MPCU Build and Update Revenue Data Municipal wide √ 5,000.00 DACF MFD CA Purchase of Stationeries N/A √ 3,000.00 DACF PO CA 5 Review and gazetting of fee fixing resolution N/A √ 3,500.00 DACF MBC Central administration Purchase of Office Furniture N/A √ 15,000.97 DACF PO CA

Purchase of Office facilities N/A √ 20,070.03 DACF PO CA

National Commemorative Celebrations Municipal wide √ √ √ √ 42,400.00 DACF CA

Counterpart funding N/A √ √ √ √ 13,000.00 DACF MPCU MWD

Maintenance of office vehicles N/A √ √ √ √ 20,000.00 DACF TD CA

Support to the departments N/A √ √ √ √ 25,000.00 DACF CA

Technical support Municipal wide √ √ 4,299.00 DACF MPCU CA Support to culture Municipal wide √ √ √ √ 5,000.00 DACF CA

Refurbishing of Assembly Complex (completion)

Elmina √ 69,477.13 DACF MWD MPCU

Furnishing and Burglar proofing of 2No. 3-bedrooms semi-detach staff accommodation at Marine

Marine-Elmina √ 23,290.93 DACF MWD PO

118

Completion of 1No. 3 Bedroom Semi-Detached at Elmina Marine A

Marine-Elmina √ √ 20,902.00 DACF MWD

Completion of 1No. 3 Bedroom Semi-Detached at Elmina Marine 3

Marine-Elmina √ √ 13,113.64 DACF MWD

Support for CWSA (MWST) activities Municipal wide √ √ √ √ 2,000.00 DACF MWD MEHO

Support to Security Activities Municipal wide √ √ √ √ 8,469.00 DACF CA

Construction of Kitchen for Security Detachment

√ 20,000.00 DACF CA MWD

Provision of Polytank for Security Detachment √ 3,800.00 DACF CA MWD Disaster Management Municipal wide √ √ √ √ 15,000.00 DACF NADMO CA

Support to Tourism activities Municipal wide √ √ √ √ 4,110.19 DACF CA MPCU

Construction of 2 No. 6 unit classroom Block with library, store, office, staff common room, 6 seater W/C toilet facility

√ √ √ 320,000.00 DACF MWD MPCU

Bursaries and Scholarship Municipal wide √ 12,000.00 DACF CA Social Serv Sub-Committee

Support for Science, Technology, Mathematics and Innovation Education (STMIE)

Municipal wide √ 5,800.00 DACF MED CA

Support for Basic School Certificate Mock Examination

Municipal wide √ 3,839.00 DACF MED CA

Support for my first day at School Municipal wide √ 4,500.99 DACF MED CA Annual Best Teachers Award Municipal wide √ 4,500.00 DACF MED CA Wiring, Extension of Electricity and Burglar

proofing of ICT Centre at Sherif Islamic School Elmina √ 10,000.00 DACF MWD PO

Support to Sports and Culture Municipal wide √ √ √ √ 12,536.00 DACF CA

Erection and Completion of Recreational Centre (Phase I)

Elmina √ 23,090.80 DACF MWD

Completion of 3-Unit Classroom block at Dabir Benyeadzi

Dabir-Benyeadzi √ √ 120,000.00 DDF MWD

Completion of KG block at Dompoase Kokoado Dompoase-Kokoado √ √ 120,000.00 DDF MWD

Construction of 2 No. CHPS compound with external works

√ √ 265,150.00 DACF MWD MPCU

Provision for HIV/AIDS & Malaria control programmes and activities.

Municipal wide √ √ √ √ 15,320.00 DACF DSWCD CA

119

Completion of 1No. 12 Unit flat Nurses Quarters

Elmina √ √ √ 925,210.00

UDG MWD

Renovation of Health Director’s Bungalow Elmina √ √ 21,500.00 DDF MWD

Electrification Projects and Maintenance of Street Lights

Municipal wide √ √ √ √ 33,979.00 DACF MWD

Construction 24-Unit lockable stores Ayensudo √ √ 320,000.00 UDG MWD MPCU

Blading of Akwamkrom Junction to Akwamkrom Township

Akwakrom √ 7,700.00 DACF DFR MWD

Blading of Saman Abotar Road(9.2km) Saman Abotar √ √ 6,480.00 DACF DFR MWD Procurement of 1No. Four wheel Diesel

Pickup N/A √ 65,000.00 DACF CA

Construction of U-drain at Egyeikrom Egyeikrom √ 45,174.36 DACF MWD Construction of Market Sheds at Ayensudo

Junction Ayensudo √ √ 30,000.00 DACF MWD MPCU

Construction of Market shed at Dominase Dominase √ 17,389.11 DACF MWD MPCU Reshaping of Feeder roads Municipal wide √ √ 60,298.86 DACF GoG DFR MWD

Street Naming and Property Addressing Municipal wide √ √ √ 25,000.00 DACF SAT CA

Construction of U-Drain and Laying of Pavement Blocks at MCE's Residence

Elmina √ 36,385.00 DACF MWD

Sanitation and Waste Management Municipal wide √ √ √ √ 18,094.00 DACF MEHU MPCU

Operation and Maintenance of Sanitation Vehicles

Municipal wide √ √ √ √ 52,299.60 DACF TD CA

Construction of 3No. 12 seater WC and 4Unit bath @ Breman, Kwahinkrom, and Amisano

Breman, Kwahinkrom, Amisano

√ √ √ 963,900.00

DDF MWD MPCU

Sanitation Improvement Package Municipal wide √ √ √ √ 148,000.00 DACF MEHU MFD

Fumigation Municipal wide √ √ 160,000.00 DACF MEHU MFD

Drainage Facility at Bronyibima Bronyibima √ √ 34,345.36 DACF MWD MEHU

Resident Satisfaction Survey (RSS) in the KEEA Municipality

Munipal wide √ √ 84,000.00 UDG CSF MPCU GIZ

Support for Farmers day celebration Municipalwide √ √ 20,000.00 DACF MDA CA

Construction of Mpoben Fish Landing Site in Elmina

Elmina √ 758,761.50 GoG Donor MWD MTDP

120

Construction of MHMT Administration office block

Elmina √ 997,398.00 GoG Donor MWD MTDP

Construction of 12 Unit Storey Classroom Block ancillary facilities at Akotobinsin

Akotobinsin √ 950,000.00 GoG Donor MWD MTDP

Construction of Dinning Hall Complex for Eguafo SHS

Eguafo √ 850,500.00

Priority project on prioritized basic sanitation services

√ 32,000.00 MA LGCP MPCU EHSU

Construction of Municipal Fire Service office block

Elmina √ 237,000.00 UDG

Early Childhood Care and Development (ECCD) activities

Municipalwide √ 28,000.00 MA Donor ECCD Committee

Organisation of skills development training programme for PLWPD

Municipalwide √ 52,800.00 DACF IGF

Financial Literacy Trainning for Market Women

Elmina √ 48,000.00 MA Donor

Spot improvement from Bronyibima to Berase Bronyibima - Berase DDF DFR MWD

Spot improvement of road from Essaman to Abrem Agona

Essaman – Abrem Agona AfDB DFR MWD

Completion of 1no. 3 Unit Semi-Detached One Bedroom Teachers Bungalow at Dwabor

Dwabor √ √ 315,414.49 UDG MPCU MWD


No.

Activity

Location

Time Frame (2016)


Sources of funding


Q1

Q2

Q3

Q4 Lead

Collaborative Dept/Unit/Officer

1. Completion of the Preparation of 2014-2017 MTDP and M&E Plan Municipal wide √ 28,000.00 DACF MPO MPCU 2. Community Initiated Projects, PPP Arrangements and Procurement of Building

Materials Municipal wide √ √ √ √ 85,000.00 DACF CAD MWD

3. Rehabilitation of Ayensudo Zonal Council Office Ayensudo √ 26,000.00 DACF MWD 4. Payment of Retention for the Completion of Ntranoa Zonal Council Office Ntranoa √ 4,276.00 DACF MWD 5. Orientation for Assembly Members Municipal wide √ 6,588.64 DACF HRM CAD 6. Provision of Logistics to the support to Zonal Council Offices Municipal wide √ 9,000.00 DACF PO CAD 7. Monitoring and Evaluation of Projects Municipal wide √ √ √ √ 30,000.00 DACF MPO CAD,MWD 8. Workshops and Seminars and Capacity Building Activities N/A √ √ √ √ 75,000.00 DACF HRM CAD,MPCU

9. Preparation of Composite Budget & Review/Gazetting of fee fixing resolution N/A √ √ 25,000.00 DACF MBA CAD,MBC,MPCU

121

10. Build and Update Socio-economic and Revenue Data for planning and budgeting Municipal wide √ 18,000.00 DACF CAD MPO,MFO,MBA 11. Purchase of Stationeries, Equipment, Furniture, other Facilities payment for

Utilities N/A √ 30,000.00 DACF PO CAD

12. National Commemorative Celebrations, My first day at School and Annual Best Teachers Award

Municipal wide √ √ √ √ 78,400.00 DACF CAD MDE

13. Maintenance of office vehicles N/A √ √ √ √ 82,222.00 DACF TD CAD

14. Support to the departments N/A √ √ √ √ 20,000.00 DACF CAD Heads of Departments

15 Support for Technical services of the Works Department Municipal wide √ √ 34,299.00 DACF MWD Head of Works 16 Support to tourism development, sports and culture Municipal wide √ √ √ √ 45,000.00 DACF CAD DTI

17 Completion of the Refurbishing of Assembly Complex Elmina √ 69,477.13 DACF MWD MPCU 18 Furnishing and Burglar proofing of 2No. 3-bedrooms semi-detach staff

accommodation at Marine Marine-Elmina √ 23,290.93 DACF CAD PO, MWD

19 Completion of 1No. 3 Bedroom Semi-Detached at Elmina Marine A Marine-Elmina √ √ 20,902.00 DACF MWD CAD

20 Completion of 1No. 3 Bedroom Semi-Detached at Elmina Marine 3 Marine-Elmina √ √ 13,113.64 DACF MWD CAD

Construction of 1no. 3 Unit Semi-Detached One Bedroom Teachers Bungalow for Eguafo Abrem SHS

Eguafo √ √ √ 475,343.63 UDG MWD CAD, MPCU

Support to Security Activities Municipal wide √ √ √ √ 8,469.00 DACF CAD MUSEC

Construction of Kitchen and Provision of Polytank for Security Detachment √ 24,000.00 DACF CAD MWD Disaster Management activities Municipal wide √ √ √ √ 28,000.00 DACF NADM

O CAD, MWD, MPCU

Bursaries and Scholarship Municipal wide √ 18,000.00 DACF CAD MDE Construction of 1no. 3 Unit Semi-Detached One Bedroom Teachers Bungalow at

KwameTa M/A School KwameTa √ √ 465,343.63 UDG CAD MWD, MPCU

Support for Science, Technology, Mathematics and Innovation Education (STMIE) Municipal wide √ 6,800.00 DACF CAD MDE Support for Basic School Certificate Mock Examination Municipal wide √ 4,839.00 DACF MDE CAD Payment for the Erection and Completion of Recreational Centre (Phase I)*HoQ Elmina √ 23,090.80 DACF CAD MWD Construction of 2 No. CHPS compound with external works √ √ 265,150.00 DACF MWD CAD, MPCU

Provision for HIV/AIDS & Malaria control programmes and activities. Municipal wide √ √ √ √ 15,320.00 DACF DSWCD

CAD, MDHS

Construction of 1No. 3 Unit Bedroom Doctor’s Bungalow for Komenda Health Center

Komenda √ √ √ 447,489.50 UDG CAD MWD, MPCU

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Reconstruction offence wall of Health Director’s Bungalow Elmina √ √ 28,500.00 DDF CAD MWD, MPCU

Electrification Projects and Maintenance of Street Lights Municipal wide √ √ √ √ 52,979.00 DACF CAD MWD Construction Municipal Fire Service Appliance Bay Elmina √ √ √ 240,000.00 UDG CAD MWD, MPCU

Blading of Akwamkrom Junction to Akwamkrom Township Akwakrom √ 7,700.00 DACF DFR MWD, MPCU Blading of Saman Abotar Road(9.2km) Saman Abotar √ √ 6,480.00 DACF DFR MWD, MPCU Payment for the Construction of U-drain at Egyeikrom Egyeikrom √ 45,174.36 DACF MWD CAD Construction of Market shed at Dominase Dominase √ 22,389.11 DACF CAD MWD, MPCU Street Naming and Property Addressing Municipal wide √ √ √ 25,000.00 DACF SAT CAD

Completion of the Construction of U-Drain and Laying of Pavement Blocks at MCE's Residence

Elmina √ 36,385.00 DACF MWD CAD, MPCU

Sanitation Improvement Package (Sanitation, Waste Management and Fumigation) Municipal wide √ √ √ √ 340,094.00 DACF MEHU

CAD, MPCU

Resident Satisfaction Survey (RSS) in the KEEA Municipality Municipalwide √ √ 84,000.00 UDG MPO

CAD, MPCU

Comprehensive inspection and monitoring of schools in the Municipality Municipalwide √ √ √ √ 38,430.00 DACF MDE CAD

Support for Farmers day celebration Municipalwide √ √ 22,000.00 DACF MDA CAD

Construction of Mpoben Fish Landing Site in Elmina Elmina √ √ 758,761.50 GoG CAD MWD, MTDP

Construction of MHMT Administration office block Elmina √ √ 997,398.00 GoG CAD MWD, MTDP

Construction of 12 Unit Storey Classroom Block ancillary facilities at Akotobinsin Akotobinsin √ √ 950,000.00 GoG CAD MWD, MTDP

Child right protection and promotion and Early Childhood Care and Development (ECCD) activities

Municipalwide √ 38,000.00 DACF DSW&CD

ECCD Committee

Organisation of skills development training programme for PLWPD Municipalwide √ 12,800.00 DACF CAD DSW&CD


Dwabor √ √ 315,414.49 UDG CAD MWD, MPCU

Completion of 1no. 3 Unit Semi-Detached One Bedroom Teachers Bungalow B at Dwabor M/A School

Dwabor √ √ √ 365,320.84 UDG CAD MWD, MPCU

Procurement Planning and Contract and Asset Management √ √ √ √ 34,500.00 DACF CAD PO, MPO,MWD Preparation of planning schemes Municipalwide √ √ √ √ 22,000.00 DACF PPD MWD,MPCU

Environmental and social safeguards activities Municipalwide √ √ √ √ 89,293.13 UDG/DDF MPO MWD, CAD

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Implementation of Municipal Anti-Corruption activities Municipalwide √ 62,000.00 GoG CAD CHRAJ,NCCE


No.

Activity

Location

Time Frame (2016)


Sources of funding


Q1

Q2

Q3

Q4 Lead

Collaborative Dept/Unit/Officer

1. Completion of the Preparation of 2014-2017 MTDP and M&E Plan Municipal wide √ 28,000.00 DACF MPO MPCU 2. Community Initiated Projects, PPP Arrangements and Procurement of Building

Materials Municipal wide √ √ √ √ 85,000.00 DACF CAD MWD

3. Rehabilitation of Ayensudo Zonal Council Office Ayensudo √ 26,000.00 DACF MWD 4. Procure 1No. Pick-up vehicle and 2No. Motor Bikes Ntranoa √ 4,276.00 DACF MWD

5. Orientation for Assembly Members Municipal wide √ 6,588.64 DACF HRM CAD 6. Provision of Logistics to the support to Zonal Council Offices Municipal wide √ 9,000.00 DACF PO CAD 7. Monitoring and Evaluation of Projects Municipal wide √ √ √ √ 30,000.00 DACF MPO CAD,MWD 8. Workshops and Seminars and Capacity Building Activities N/A √ √ √ √ 75,000.00 DACF HRM CAD,MPCU

9. Preparation of Composite Budget & Review/Gazetting of fee fixing resolution N/A √ √ 25,000.00 DACF MBA CAD,MBC,MPCU 10. Build and Update Socio-economic and Revenue Data for planning and budgeting Municipal wide √ 18,000.00 DACF CAD MPO,MFO,MBA 11. Purchase of Stationeries, Equipment, Furniture, other Facilities payment for

Utilities N/A √ 30,000.00 DACF PO CAD

12. National Commemorative Celebrations, My first day at School and Annual Best Teachers Award

Municipal wide √ √ √ √ 78,400.00 DACF CAD MDE

13. Maintenance of office vehicles N/A √ √ √ √ 82,222.00 DACF TD CAD

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14. Support to the departments N/A √ √ √ √ 20,000.00 DACF CAD Heads of Departments

15 Support for Technical services of the Works Department Municipal wide √ √ 34,299.00 DACF MWD Head of Works 16 Support to tourism development, sports and culture Municipal wide √ √ √ √ 45,000.00 DACF CAD DTI

17 Completion of the Refurbishing of Assembly Complex Elmina √ 69,477.13 DACF MWD MPCU 18 Furnishing and Burglar proofing of 2No. 3-bedrooms semi-detach staff

accommodation at Marine Marine-Elmina √ 23,290.93 DACF CAD PO, MWD

19 Completion of 1No. 3 Bedroom Semi-Detached at Elmina Marine A Marine-Elmina √ √ 20,902.00 DACF MWD CAD

20 Completion of 1No. 3 Bedroom Semi-Detached at Elmina Marine 3 Marine-Elmina √ √ 13,113.64 DACF MWD CAD

Construction of 1no. 3 Unit Semi-Detached One Bedroom Teachers Bungalow for Eguafo Abrem SHS

Eguafo √ √ √ 475,343.63 UDG MWD CAD, MPCU

Support to Security Activities Municipal wide √ √ √ √ 8,469.00 DACF CAD MUSEC

Construction of Kitchen and Provision of Polytank for Security Detachment √ 24,000.00 DACF CAD MWD Disaster Management activities Municipal wide √ √ √ √ 28,000.00 DACF NADM

O CAD, MWD, MPCU

Bursaries and Scholarship Municipal wide √ 18,000.00 DACF CAD MDE Construction of 1no. 3 Unit Semi-Detached One Bedroom Teachers Bungalow at

KwameTa M/A School KwameTa √ √ 465,343.63 UDG CAD MWD, MPCU

Support for Science, Technology, Mathematics and Innovation Education (STMIE) Municipal wide √ 6,800.00 DACF CAD MDE Support for Basic School Certificate Mock Examination Municipal wide √ 4,839.00 DACF MDE CAD Payment for the Erection and Completion of Recreational Centre (Phase I)*HoQ Elmina √ 23,090.80 DACF CAD MWD Construction of 2 No. CHPS compound with external works √ √ 265,150.00 DACF MWD CAD, MPCU

Provision for HIV/AIDS & Malaria control programmes and activities. Municipal wide √ √ √ √ 15,320.00 DACF DSWCD

CAD, MDHS

Construction of 1No. 3 Unit Bedroom Doctor’s Bungalow for Komenda Health Center

Komenda √ √ √ 447,489.50 UDG CAD MWD, MPCU

Reconstruction offence wall of Health Director’s Bungalow Elmina √ √ 28,500.00 DDF CAD MWD, MPCU

Electrification Projects and Maintenance of Street Lights Municipal wide √ √ √ √ 52,979.00 DACF CAD MWD Construction Municipal Fire Service Appliance Bay Elmina √ √ √ 240,000.00 UDG CAD MWD, MPCU

Blading of Akwamkrom Junction to Akwamkrom Township Akwakrom √ 7,700.00 DACF DFR MWD, MPCU Blading of Saman Abotar Road(9.2km) Saman Abotar √ √ 6,480.00 DACF DFR MWD, MPCU Payment for the Construction of U-drain at Egyeikrom Egyeikrom √ 45,174.36 DACF MWD CAD

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Construction of Market shed at Dominase Dominase √ 22,389.11 DACF CAD MWD, MPCU Street Naming and Property Addressing Municipal wide √ √ √ 25,000.00 DACF SAT CAD

Completion of the Construction of U-Drain and Laying of Pavement Blocks at MCE's Residence

Elmina √ 36,385.00 DACF MWD CAD, MPCU

Sanitation Improvement Package (Sanitation, Waste Management and Fumigation) Municipal wide √ √ √ √ 340,094.00 DACF MEHU

CAD, MPCU

Resident Satisfaction Survey (RSS) in the KEEA Municipality Municipalwide √ √ 84,000.00 UDG MPO

CAD, MPCU

Comprehensive inspection and monitoring of schools in the Municipality Municipalwide √ √ √ √ 38,430.00 DACF MDE CAD

Support for Farmers day celebration Municipalwide √ √ 22,000.00 DACF MDA CAD

Construction of Mpoben Fish Landing Site in Elmina Elmina √ √ 758,761.50 GoG CAD MWD, MTDP

Construction of MHMT Administration office block Elmina √ √ 997,398.00 GoG CAD MWD, MTDP

Construction of 12 Unit Storey Classroom Block ancillary facilities at Akotobinsin Akotobinsin √ √ 950,000.00 GoG CAD MWD, MTDP

Child right protection and promotion and Early Childhood Care and Development (ECCD) activities

Municipalwide √ 38,000.00 DACF DSW&CD

ECCD Committee

Organisation of skills development training programme for PLWPD Municipalwide √ 12,800.00 DACF CAD DSW&CD


Dwabor √ √ 315,414.49 UDG CAD MWD, MPCU

Completion of 1no. 3 Unit Semi-Detached One Bedroom Teachers Bungalow B at Dwabor M/A School

Dwabor √ √ √ 365,320.84 UDG CAD MWD, MPCU

Procurement Planning and Contract and Asset Management √ √ √ √ 34,500.00 DACF CAD PO, MPO,MWD Preparation of planning schemes Municipalwide √ √ √ √ 22,000.00 DACF PPD MWD,MPCU

Environmental and social safeguards activities Municipalwide √ √ √ √ 89,293.13 UDG/DDF MPO MWD, CAD

Implementation of Municipal Anti-Corruption activities Municipalwide √ 62,000.00 GoG CAD CHRAJ,NCCE

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CHAPTER SIX

MONITORING & EVALUATION Monitoring and Evaluation Monitoring is a process of collecting and analysing data or events associated with the implementation of the policy, programme or project being implemented with the view to improving their management for the achievement of stated objectives. Evaluation is conducted on a periodic basis to determine the potential viability or success of the project prior to implementation and also undertaken whiles the project is being implemented but has not reach completion or maturity. The process of evaluation therefore is to give a feed -back that can lead to re-planning if necessary. In line with the above, Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) play a very important role in the implementation of Development plans. The extent to which the Medium term Development Plan (MTDP) will achieve its set goals and objectives depends on a well-structured M&E framework that tracks the use of resources and ensures a high level of efficiency.

Monitoring and Evaluation Arrangement Inputs – Outputs/Outcomes – Impacts Monitoring will start as soon as actual Implementation begins. The Municipality will provide a

conducive environment for effective operation of the Monitoring and Evaluation Systems. The

purpose of the Monitoring process is to see how well the projects are being executed and would

throw a strong search light on the following critical issues on inputs and outputs i.e. : -

- Is the project being executed according to specification

- Is the project on schedule

- Whether the outputs meet the desired standard

- Whether the inputs are delivered at the appropriate time and in the right

quantities

The participating evaluation will also examine the following issues that have to do specifically with

outcomes and inputs of the projects.

- Whether the project/Programme is making progress towards achieving its

objectives

- The level of impact on the beneficiary community members (men, women,

children and the physically challenged)

- Whether those supposed to benefit from the project/programmes have had

their well being improved in accordance with the stated objectives and how.

- Whether there were some undesirable effects on the people

- Who has benefited from the programmes/projects and

- The extent of the ripple effects on other members of the community

127

Specific Responsibilities in Monitoring and Evaluation

The table below indicates specific Roles and Responsibilities of Stakeholders in the Monitoring and Evaluation of programmes and Projects in the Municipality

Table 46: Stakeholders Responsibilities in Monitoring and Evaluation

Institution/Committee What to Evaluate Evaluation criteria Governmental/Non – governmental organizations/donor or partner – organizations

Training Reports, Review reports, level/extent of work done

- Training Delivery - Quality Assurance

Municipal Assembly Material supplies and work schedules

- Stage of work - Materials received and locally mobilized - Timely released and the judicious use of same

Traditional leaders/ Opinion leaders Funds flow and usage Progress of work Quality of work

Whether monies received are appropriately used

Zonal councils including Unit committees

Funds flow and usage Progress of work Quality of work

Whether there is value for money

Relevant technical agencies in the Region and Municipality

Technical details Technical specifications

Any other aspect of work or activity that helps to achieve the objective of a project/programme will

be closely monitored and evaluated to ensure maximum satisfaction and value for money

Development programme Projects are grouped according to the years in which they are expected to be executed and marched

against the estimated annual income. Deficits are rolled over to the ensuing year.

The MPCU will ensure that potential beneficiaries are actively involved in all the stages of project

development from identification, design, approval, and implementation to management. This will

be done through capacity building programmes using the participatory approach. By this approach

potential beneficiaries (CBOs) are supported to articulate their needs and subsequently provided

with the requisite training and technical backstopping to implement and manage the sub-project

themselves. Consequently, this document will be given a yearly review.

129

CHAPTER SEVEN

COMMUNICATION STRATEGY

Introduction This section gives an insight into the modes of disseminating the prioritised programmes and projects in the Medium Term Development Plan and strategies that would be adopted in disseminating the information. It also highlights the expected roles and responsibilities of stakeholders and other principal action agents as well as collaborating agencies in the implementation. Strategies for promoting dialogue to generate feedback from the public regarding the provision of socio-economic infrastructure and related services are also discussed. COMMUNICATION STRATEGY It is very important to develop a mechanism or strategy for conveying the information in the reports to all the various actors. Information dissemination will basically be at two levels that is, at the institutional and the local communities.

Communication at the Institutional level At the national and regional levels, quarterly and annual progress reports will be forwarded to them for their comments and also for monitoring purposes. At the Assembly level, Management, Heads of department meetings and staff durbars would be used to discuss, collate performance reports and strategize as to how best performance can be improved to provide better services to the populace in the Municipality, thereby improving their living conditions.

Communication at the Zonal Council levels However, for the local and beneficiary communities, dissemination would be done through the following mechanisms and comprise activities such as

Quarterly meetings with the Zonal Councils and tasking them to carry the message to their communities.

Half yearly stakeholders meetings to create awareness on their roles and expectations in the implementation of the municipal programmes and projects to improve their living conditions for the four year period

Focus Group Discussions in all communities to get feedback on the implementation of projects and for review of the annual Plans

Annual public hearings to get feedback on performance of the Assembly and also gather inputs for review of the Medium Term Development Plan and for that matter Annual Action Plans

130

Formation of Development Communication Committee In order to ensure that, information is disseminated on time and to the appropriate quarters, a Development communication committee would be formed with the presiding member as chairperson and the Information Officer as secretary to the committee. Members of the public would be co-opted as members of the committee to contribute to the proper dissemination of information. A work plan for the communication strategy is given in table 7.1. The work plan combines all the issues discussed above and includes key stakeholders as well as the communication tools involved. Also considered in the work plan is the channel of communication and the frequency of interaction. Table 47: Communication Strategy

Activity Purpose Audience Method / Tool Time frame Responsibility

Community sensitization

To create awareness on the MTDP

Community members, Traditional Authorities, Interest groups, Associations etc.

Information Van, Community durbars etc

Quarterly

MPCU members, Information Officer

Meeting with political leadership

- To brief and get them appreciate the MTDP - to update them on the status of implementation

MCE, PM, MP and Chairpersons of Sub-committees

Meetings with audio visuals Round table discussions, power point presentation

Quarterly

MPCU

Radio interviews

To deepen the awareness creation by reaching out to a larger population in the Municipality

Community members, interest groups, associations, industries, artisans

Radio stations Twice in a year

MPCU, ISD

Stakeholders meeting

to create awareness on their roles and expectations in the implementation of the municipal programmes and projects to improve their living conditions for the four year period

Industrial community, associations, interest groups, Assembly Members

Meetings with power point presentation

July every year

MPCU, Information Officer

Town hall meetings/ public durbar

To promote dialogue and generate feedback on the performance of the Assembly

Traditional authorities, Assembly members, Opinion leaders, Interest groups

Meeting with power point presentation

Quarterly

MPCU, ISD

Organise meetings for heads of department

To inform them about their roles and inputs for the MTDP and their performance

Heads of Departments

Meetings Quarterly

MPCU

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Report on the progress of implementation of the MTDP

To inform the appropriate institutions on the progress of implementation of the MTDP

Regional Coordinating Council (RCC) National development Planning Commission (NDPC) Ministry of Local Government and Rural Development

MTDP 2014-2017 Quarterly progress reports Annual Progress reports

Quarterly Annually

MPCU

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