PetrodictatorsDr. Ron Lembke

Hot, Flat & CrowdedCh. 6

Quaddafi’s Son“This dissertation analyzes the problem of how to create

more just and democratic global governing institutions, exploring the approach of a more formal system of collective decision-making by the three main actors in global society governments, civil society and the business sector. Saif Al-Islam Alqadhafi , Ph.D. London School of Economics,

2007

• “We will not let Lybia go…We will fight until the last man, the last woman, the last bullet. And we will never leave it.”– Saif Al-Islam Alqadhafi , Feb. 21,

2011

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50,000,000,000

100,000,000,000

150,000,000,000

200,000,000,000

250,000,000,000

300,000,000,000Oil Reserves

JudaisimTorah = Pentatuch:

Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, DeuteronomyHistorical Books

Joshua, Judges, 1&2 Samuel, 1&2 Kings, 1&2, Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel,

Minor Prophets: Hosea, Joel, Amos, Obadiah, Jonah, Micah, Nahum, Habakkuk, Zephaniah, Haggai, Zechariah, Malachi,

WritingsPsalms, Proverbs, Job, Song of Solomon, Ruth,

Lamentations, Ecclesiastes, Esther, Daniel, Chronicles, Ezra, Nehemiah

ChristianityBible = Hebrew Scriptures “Old Testament”

+ New TestamentNew Testament

Gospels: Matthew, Mark, Luke John- Jesus’ life 65-90 AD

Acts of the ApostlesLetters from Paul- writings to communities

about what Jesus said, did, and meantCollection agreed on by 397 AD

OT NT

Christianity

0.5

82228

171,147

82

57

670

Source: Wikipedia

Islam = “submission” to will of GodMuhammad (“highly praised”) 570-632

Managed caravans for merchantsVisiting cave on Mount Hira, 610 told wife visited by

an angel: “Proclaim!” Convert from pagan polytheism, immorality and

materialism, repent from evil, worship Allah Careful to say only messenger, not angel, did not know

mind of God, did not work miracles, preached what received

Five Prophets: Noah, Abraham, Moses, Jesus, Muhammad

Five Pillars: faith, prayer, fasting, pilgrimage and alms

Source: religionfacts.com

Spread of Islam

622: Persecuted, escape to Yathrib w/ Abu BakrHijira: first year of calendar, successful mayor, leader

632: Muhammad died634: covered whole Arabian Peninsula730: Atlantic to ChinaCaliphs very successful militarily and politically

Caliphate 750 AD

Stated goal of Al-Quaeda

Shia and SunniSunni: Abu Bakr, his close friend first caliph

(kalifa) “successor” or “deputy”Declared jihad against Byzantine Christians1.1 billion, sunnah = “custom”

Shia: Ali – cousin and son-in-law, 4th caliphSome believed he was chosen by Muhammad120 millionImam interprets mysteries of Q’ranvelayat-e faqih: Clergy, superior knowledge of

laws of God, best to rule humans preparing for heaven

Q’ran = recitationHighest authority in religious, legal matters

Flawless record of Angel Gabriel’s revelationsSame length as NT roughly114 surahs (chapters)

Hadith – tradition of the ProphetWords and deeds of the ProphetSunnis have 6: 870-915 ADShia add 4 more: 940-1068

Education

Source: Gallup

Wahabbism18th century “Revived” by Muhammad ibn

Abd al-WahhabPurge Islam of “impurities”

Al-Saud dynasty conquered Arabian Peninsula1932-Saudi Arabia founded

Condemns all Shi’a and most Sunnis as not Muslim

$100b spent promoting it? BBC 2008 programme

Scientific Journal Publications

Data from Scopus, image from Olivier H. Beauchesne