Dr. Rajkumar S Amaravati...Dr. Rajkumar S Amaravati St. John’s Medical College & Hospital...
Transcript of Dr. Rajkumar S Amaravati...Dr. Rajkumar S Amaravati St. John’s Medical College & Hospital...
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Knee Examination
Dr. Rajkumar S Amaravati
St. John’s Medical College & Hospital Bangalore
Bone School @ Bangalore
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Knee Examination
• Corner stone
• Comparative analysis
• Translation or rotation
• End point compliance
• Magnitude and direction of coupled motions
Bone School @ Bangalore
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Knee Examination
• Pain
• Swelling
• Instability
• Deformity
Bone School @ Bangalore
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Knee-Inspection
• Alignment
• Wasting
• Shortening
Bone School @ Bangalore
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Knee-Palpation
• Quadriceps
• Patella
• Ligamentum-Patellae
• Tibial-tuberosity
Bone School @ Bangalore
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Knee-Palpation
• Patella tap
• Synovial thickening
• Extensor lag
• Distance signs
Bone School @ Bangalore
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Knee Palpation
• ROM Deepak K et al, Arthroscopy, 2007 Bone School @ Bangalore
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Meniscus
• Catch or locking
• Pain with forced hyper-extension
• Pain in maximum flexion
• Joint line tenderness
• McMurray test 92% diagnosis ,in ACLT false +,if DJD + there is ↑predictive value Lowery DJ et al Arthroscopy 2006
Bone School @ Bangalore
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Meniscus- ACL
• Clinical Exam vs MRI - No statistical difference - MRI for complex cases only Kocabey Y et al, Arthroscopy ,2004
Medial meniscus Lateral meniscus ACL
Clinic MRI Clinic MRI Clinic MRI Clinic
Accuracy 80% 80% 92% 90% 100% 98%
Sensitivity 87% 80% 75% 85% 100% 96%
Specificity 68% 79% 95% 97% 100% 96%
PPV 82% 86% 75% 60% 100% 96%
NPV 76% 71% 95% 97% 100% 96% Bone School @ Bangalore
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Meniscus
• McMurray
• Stienmann
• Apley
Bone School @ Bangalore
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Meniscus
*Dynamic Test -Squat(Duckwaddle) -Ridvan Ege -Thessaly
Bone School @ Bangalore
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Collateral-Ligament • Medial Lateral
Bone School @ Bangalore
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ACL-PCL
• Lachman 87% sensitive and 93%specific Jackson JL et al Ann Intern Med 2003
Bone School @ Bangalore
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ACL
• Anterior Drawer 43% sensitive and 87% specific
• Pivot shift (Palmer-Galway) - - Better measure of functional stability
- Correlates with clinical and functional outcome & development of DJD after ACLR Kocher M et al AJSM ,2004 Bone School @ Bangalore
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PCL
• Posterior Drawer Akisue T et al Arthroscopy2001
Bone School @ Bangalore
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PCL
• Posterior Drawer
• Godfrey (Gravity sign)
• Quadriceps active test Bone School @ Bangalore
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PLC
• Dial test (Veltri DM)
• Postero-lateral drawer
• Reverse pivot shift (Jacob & Staubli)
• External rotation recurvatum (Hughston)
Bone School @ Bangalore
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PCL-PLC
• Dial Test 10 degree more than the normal leg at 30 and 90 degree
Bone School @ Bangalore
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Related Exam
• Spine/Hip/Ankle
• Isometric muscle testing
• Regional nodes
Bone School @ Bangalore
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Instrumented Measurement • Dale Daniel and Larry Malcom 1985 --
-KT-1000 -- -KT 1000 with external torque device
• GNRB
• Robotic Measurement
• Stress radiography
Bone School @ Bangalore
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Message
• Each of us should strive "to rise above the routines of the daily ward round and to see in every patient an opportunity not only to serve mankind in the best tradition of medical excellence, but to add to the store of medical knowledge.” A. McGehee Harvey 1973
Bone School @ Bangalore