Dr Ioannis Kotsiopoulos The University of Manchester [email protected]

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An overview of Semantic Interoperability C hallenges related to Resource Provisioning in Business Grids Dr Ioannis Kotsiopoulos The University of Manchester [email protected] Workshop Semantic Interoperability: A Practical Approach QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this pictur QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this pi

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An overview of Semantic Interoperability Challenges related to Resource Provisioning in  Business Grids. Dr Ioannis Kotsiopoulos The University of Manchester [email protected]. Workshop Semantic Interoperability: A Practical Approach. Resource Provisioning in  Business Grids. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Transcript of Dr Ioannis Kotsiopoulos The University of Manchester [email protected]

Page 1: Dr Ioannis Kotsiopoulos The University of Manchester ioannis@cs.man.ac.uk

An overview of Semantic Interoperability Challenges related to Resource Provisioning in  Business Grids

Dr Ioannis KotsiopoulosThe University of Manchester

[email protected]

Workshop Semantic Interoperability: A Practical Approach

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Page 2: Dr Ioannis Kotsiopoulos The University of Manchester ioannis@cs.man.ac.uk

25/3/08 i-ESA ‘08 Page 2Page 2

Resource Provisioning in  Business Grids

• Business Grids: today’s landscape– Service and resource providers– Desiderata

• From Grid to Semantic Grid– The S-OGSA approach– SOKU

• Resource and Grid Service Semantic Descriptions – Grid Resource Ontology– GRIP– Standardisation– BREIN Semantic Initiatives

Page 3: Dr Ioannis Kotsiopoulos The University of Manchester ioannis@cs.man.ac.uk

25/3/08 i-ESA ‘08 Page 3

Service and Resource Providers

• Resource Providers– Amazon EC2 and S3– SUN Utility Computing – Academic Centres:

• Barcelona Supercomputing, Manchester Northwest Grid, HLRS• Service Providers

– Sun Grid Middleware– IBM Grid: Grid Middleware and Hardware– Amazon Web Services

• Hybrid– CDO2: Delivering financial grid solutions on a compute utility

service– ANSYS: Engineering Simulation Software

• Virtual Organisations– Stuttgart Airport: Resources offered by companies operating at the

airport

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Page 4: Dr Ioannis Kotsiopoulos The University of Manchester ioannis@cs.man.ac.uk

25/3/08 i-ESA ‘08 Page 4BREIN - Meeting XXX Page 4

Desiderata for seamless resource provisioning

• Desiderata for Service and Resource Providers– Maximize Resource Usage– Maximize Profit– Minimize Penalties– Increase Client Base– Increase Automation– Improve Brand Name– Improve Security– Create New Business

Opportunities

• Desiderata for Clients– Ease of use– Greater choice– Lower prices– Better QoS– More QoS Guarantees

Common Desiderata–Flexibility–Extensibility–Performance–Scalability

Page 5: Dr Ioannis Kotsiopoulos The University of Manchester ioannis@cs.man.ac.uk

25/3/08 i-ESA ‘08 Page 5

So where do we need semantics?

• Service Providers use different vocabularies (semantic heterogeneity) for describing what they offer:– Resource types– Service Level Agreements

• Performance• QoS• Penalties• Small Print

• Dynamic formation of a VO is still a very complex task– Security Policies– Software incompatibilities

• Heterogeneous platforms• Heterogeneous Middleware

• Web Services have addressed only part of the problem• Who is managing all the metadata? What do they mean? Are they

still valid?

Page 6: Dr Ioannis Kotsiopoulos The University of Manchester ioannis@cs.man.ac.uk

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Semantic Grid?…because metadata matters!

• Driven from the need to manage and understand the metadata

• Metadata concern all aspects of VO formation– Describing and asserting policy

• Flexible and extensible schemas, transparency

– Can you be a member of this VO? • Matching task, integration

– How do we set your roles so you can be? • Configuration

– Are these set of policies mutually consistent?• Configuration and verification

– Service Level Agreements• Matching provides and expects clauses

– Authentication & Authorisation• Reconcile diverse policies

Intelligent decision making and operations

Static and dynamic VO

model

Page 7: Dr Ioannis Kotsiopoulos The University of Manchester ioannis@cs.man.ac.uk

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“To realise the Next Generation Grid requires semantically rich information representation, the exploitation of knowledge, and

co-ordination and orchestration that is aware of context and task”

David Snelling, NextGRID, Fujitsu, GGFOntologist

Page 8: Dr Ioannis Kotsiopoulos The University of Manchester ioannis@cs.man.ac.uk

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OGSA: A Reference Architecture for the Grid

Characteristics•Service Based Virtualisation•Manageable Resources•Addressing•State•Lifetime•Eventing. . . . .

Page 9: Dr Ioannis Kotsiopoulos The University of Manchester ioannis@cs.man.ac.uk

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Semantic OGSA: A Framework for Exposing and Managing Metadata in the Grid

• The Reference Semantic Grid Architecture : Semantic OGSA– Entities in the Semantic Grid– Core Services, Spectrum of capabilities– Patterns & Profiles of use, re-factoring, use-cases

Model

Capabilities Mechanisms

Provide Consume

Expose

use

Page 10: Dr Ioannis Kotsiopoulos The University of Manchester ioannis@cs.man.ac.uk

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S-OGSA Model

Knowledge Entity

Grid Entity Semantic Binding

Is-a

0..m0..m

1..m

Grid Resource

Is-a

Grid Service

Is-a

Is-a

1..m

Knowledge Resource

Knowledge Service

Is-a

Is-a

Is-a

VOOntology

Rule-Base

Is-a

Satellite Image File

A Grid Identity/Person

Is-a

• Journal of Web Semantics, Vol.4, June 2006, “An overview of S-OGSA: A Reference Semantic Grid Architecture” Ó. Corcho et. al.

A Resource in its own right!

Page 11: Dr Ioannis Kotsiopoulos The University of Manchester ioannis@cs.man.ac.uk

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Optimization

Execution Management

Resourcemanagement

Data

Security

Information Management

Infrastructure Services

Application X Application Y

OG

SA

Sem

antic

-OG

SA

Semantic Provisioning

Services

S-OGSA Capabilities

Middleware

Ontology

Reasoning

Metadata

Annotation

Semantic Provisioning Services

Page 12: Dr Ioannis Kotsiopoulos The University of Manchester ioannis@cs.man.ac.uk

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S-OGSA Mechanisms:Middleware for Managing Metadata

• Semantic Binding as a resource deployed in a WSRF compliant manner

•ONTOKIT available for download

SB Factory

Client

Semantic Binding

Metadata Query

SBSB

SB

create

Query w/o Inference, UpdateContent

Query( over unified view)

WS-RP: Get/Set/Query Properties

WS-Addressing: epr

RDFRDF

create

query

Inspect-props . . .

query

Semantic Binding Service Suite

WS-RL: Destroy , SetTerminationTime

WS-RL ++: archive

WS-Notif: Subscribe / Notify

Page 13: Dr Ioannis Kotsiopoulos The University of Manchester ioannis@cs.man.ac.uk

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SOKU

• Explicit Semantics!– Semantically Described– Semantic Aware

• Mixed Economy• Creating an abstraction for metadata Semantic Binding

• Multiform metadata with introspectable properties• Management interfaces for metadata

• “S-OGSA--OntoKit, a first SOKU implementation” **

Page 14: Dr Ioannis Kotsiopoulos The University of Manchester ioannis@cs.man.ac.uk

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Resource and Grid Service Semantic Descriptions

Grid Service

Person View

Machine View

Person View??

Machine View

Grid Resource

Grid Resource Ontology

Specific Application Ontology

GridService Ontology

Functional

Non-Functional

Specific Application Ontology

State State

Page 15: Dr Ioannis Kotsiopoulos The University of Manchester ioannis@cs.man.ac.uk

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Grid resource ontology

Page 16: Dr Ioannis Kotsiopoulos The University of Manchester ioannis@cs.man.ac.uk

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Unicore GLUE

http://www.grid-interoperability.org/

Page 17: Dr Ioannis Kotsiopoulos The University of Manchester ioannis@cs.man.ac.uk

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Can Standardization help?

• Standardization is as crucial as creating an Ontology and can be seen as the first task of knowledge elicitation

• The process requires the agreement of the community • Relevant approaches from OGF:

– Information Modeling for Computing Resources(OGSA Modeling Activities)

• Reference Model Working Group (RM-WG) (chaired by Paul Strong - e-Bay)– OGSA Resource Selection Services WG (OGSA-RSS-WG)( Donal Fellows -

UMAN/BREIN)• Knowledge Engineers can encode this knowledge in order to create the

appropriate ontologies– The objective is to increase re-usability of software– Make semantics explicit (and machine understandale)– Increase interoperability between heterogeneous Grid middleware

• Businesses are actively involved in this process– E-Bay has already encoded part (?) of the Information Model for internal resource

management (Demo shown in last GGF)• Software and Services Technical Group on Ontologies TG2

– New wiki, mailing list, draft of White Paper

Page 18: Dr Ioannis Kotsiopoulos The University of Manchester ioannis@cs.man.ac.uk

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BREIN Semantic Initiatives

• Resource Broker– Dynamic Resource Provisioning – Complete Outsourcing of Grid Infrastructure - Financial Grid

scenario– Extend capabilities during peak periods (load balancing) -

ANSYS scenario• Related Components using Semantic Technologies

– Intelligent Scheduling – Semantic Annotation of Service Level Agreements (SASLA)– Intelligent Negotiation using SASLA– Dynamic Workflow Adaptation using Agent technologies

• Modeling– Domain/Application Specific Resource Modeling– BREIN Upper Business Grid Ontology– Extension of Grid Resource Ontology

Page 19: Dr Ioannis Kotsiopoulos The University of Manchester ioannis@cs.man.ac.uk

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Acknowledgements

• Thank You!• Questions...• Acknowledgements

– Carole Goble– Pinar Alper– Oscar Corcho– OntoGrid Consortium– John Brooke– Donal Fellows– BREIN Consortium