Dr Hj Tahir Bin Aris

Director

Institute for Public Health Centre for Epidemiological Survey Research

• Public health management needs information on variousaspects like the prevalence of diseases, facilities that areavailable in order to take decisions on either creatinginfrastructure facilities or for taking immediate action tohandle the situation and so on.

• GIS is becoming a vital tool in healthcare applicationscovering database management, planning, risk assessment,service area mapping, location idetifications etc.

• Further, GIS would assist us in better linking ofenvironmental, demographic and temporal factors with thehealth issues to understand causes for such health hazards.

GIS & related spatial analysis

Describing & understanding the changing spatial organization of

health care

Examining its relationship to

health outcomes and access

Exploring how the delivery of

healthcare can be improved

Determining geographic distribution of diseases Analysing

spatial and temporal

trends

Mapping populations

at risk

Stratifying risk factors

Assessing resource

allocation

Planning and targeting

interventions

Monitoring diseases and

interventions over time

• Healthcare researchers and policy makers will depend on access to

– integrated spatial data on health services utilization and outcomes and

– data that cut across human services utilization and outcomes and data

• Need to understand better the spatial behaviors health care providers & consumers in the rapidly changing healthcare landscape and how GIS affects this dynamics relationship

Various aspects of prevalence of

diseases

Availability health infrastructure

through government and private sector

Socio economic data along with

their spatial distribution & area

influence

• Data related to public health covering a

particular region is voluminous, difficult to

understand & organize the real content

• Data needs to presented in a manner that the

temporal & spatial nature of the problem can

be focused

• Called “Health and Environment Geographical

Information System” (HEGIS) – which establishing in

Europe by the World Health Organization (WHO)

• Involves the creation of European wide environment

data set and aim is to research relationships between

health & the environment, to aid policies and

management.

• GIS used to test for a relationship between health

outcomes and accessibility.

• Managers using GIS can easily evaluate both the performance and distribution of services through map

• Time series maps can show whether health in area has improved, remained constant, or deteriorated for a given time period

• Finding the best location for a health facility is considered as one of the Ministry of Health task in order to optimize resources.

• The best location for a facility can be

identified using for example location –

allocation model that area now been

integrated to the modern GIS software

• Collaboration between JKN Penang and University of Malaya

• Integrate GIS with statistical modeling for identified risk factor of dengue cases in Penang area

• Using for intervention and monitoring of dengue cases in specific area

• The study from Vector Unit,

MOH collaborated with Remote

Sensing that land surface

temperature is highly correlated

with the distribution of dengue

cases that occurred within the

study area..

• The information derived from

this study became useful in

assisting the Ministry of Health

Malaysia to identify and control

dispersions of dengue outbreak

in the country.

• Malnutrition in Children

in Perlis

• The result of the study will

be beneficial for the

Ministry of Health

especially in the

implementation of food

basket program.

• Emergency and trauma for detect ambulance

location – Unit Perkhidmatan Kecemasan &

Ambulantori

• GIS at Health Facilities (Pharmacy, Health clinic

and hospital) – Pharmacy Services Unit, MOH

To establish the spatial database for healthcare

facilities in Malaysia

1. To map all healthcare facilities in the country.

2. To profile the population characteristic in

term of income, work category, ethnicity, etc

3. To assist allocation and distribution of

healthcare provider to population in

implementation of 1Care.

• Jurukur dan Pemetaan Malaysia (JUPEM) and Malaysian Centre of Digital Information Center (MacGDI) - Digital topography plan, Digital road map, infrastructure map, state boundary, district boundary, parcel boundary, river, landuse map, etc.

• GPS data collection – Locate latitude and longitude (x,y) coordinate of healthcare facilities location by using GPS handheld.

Spatial data from various

method

• Identification and collection of non-spatial data elements consisting of:-

• Census-data of 2010 in digital form.

• Health related data of year 2010 containing information

• Editing the non-spatial data attributes.

• Transformation of all data obtained in a suitable standard digital form i.e. dbase files such that it is compatible.

Non-Spatial Database

Design and Organisation

Distribution number of doctor

Distribution hospital beds by parcel

Distribution of healthcare facilities

Healthcare facilities coverage area

Suitability location of 1Malaysia clinic

User friendly interface