LEARNING DISABILITY

Dr Dhaval Mody

DEFINITION

A Disorder manifested by difficulty in learning

to read despite conventional instructions, adequate intelligence and socio cultural opportunities, it is dependent upon fundamental cognitive disabilities which

are frequently of constitutional origin

VRUDHI

DEFINITION

A Child is said to have learning disability when

there is a marked difference between the intellectual potential of the child and

his/her actual academic performance inspite of

equal economic, cultural and social opportunities

to learn.

VRUDHI

CAUSES

Inherited or genetic

Acquired

Maternal Malnutrition

Trauma to head during birth or

through accident

drugsVRUDHI

COMMON LEARNING DISABILITIES

Dyslexia

Dyscalculia

Dysgraphia

Dyspraxia

AREAS OF DIFFICULTY

Spoken Language: delays, disorders & deviations in listening and speaking.

Written Language: difficulties with reading, writing and spelling

Arithmetic: difficulty in performing arithmetic operations

AREAS OF DIFFICULTY

Reasoning: difficulty in organising and integrating thoughts.

Memory: difficulty in remembering information and instructions.

MANIFESTATIONS

Physical

Cognitive

Behavioural

Academic

PHYSICAL

General Awkwardness

Poor Visual Motor Coordination

Confusion between Left & Right

Difficulty in concentration

Hyperactivity

COGNITIVE

Difficulty with concept of time

Distorted concept of body image

Difficulty in differentiating between shape, size and colour

Poor organisational skills

Difficulty with abstract Thinking

BEHAVIOURAL

Low Frustration Tolerance

Impulsive behaviour

Mood Swings

Difficulty in making decisions

Overly excitable during group play

ACADEMIC

Reversals in reading and writing

Difficulty with copying from blackboard

Difficulty with sequencing tasks

Inability to follow multiple instructions

CHECK LIST

History of slow speech development

Confusion between left and right

Undermined hand preference

Difficulty in fastening buttons, tying shoe

laces.

Difficulty naming objects VRUDHI

CHECK LIST

Difficulty understanding directions in / out.

Does not respond immediately when called out.

Difficulty carrying out sequence of instructions

Frequent Falls / accidents

Very messy handwriting

VRUDHI

THANK YOU