DQ: The Marshall Plan What reasons did the United States have to invest over $12 billion dollars...
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Transcript of DQ: The Marshall Plan What reasons did the United States have to invest over $12 billion dollars...
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DQ: The Marshall Plan
• What reasons did the United States have to invest over $12 billion dollars into the rebuilding of western Europe?
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American Motives
• Humanitarian concern
• Fear Europe would remain an economic drain on U.S.
• Need for a European market to buy American goods
• Must ensure stable, democratic countries rise above communism
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Effects of the Marshal Plan (aka “European Recovery Plan”)
The U.S.
• Saved the U.S. economy from backsliding after the war
• Allowed to remake the European economy in the image of the U.S. economy
• Gave U.S. companies a place to invest
Europe
• U.S. rebuilt European cities and factories
• U.S. provided jobs and income to Europeans
• U.S. provided goods and services that Europeans could buy
• Europeans felt a sense of stability and security
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• Which nations received the least money?
• Did the United States show favoritism by distributing funds only to its allies? Explain
• Why was the Marshall Plan geographically, economically, and politically effective in containing communism?
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The Marshall Plan (1948)
• Postwar Europe=poverty, hunger, and unemployment with a strong communist presence
• U.S. needed a way to “contain” communism and preserve free gov’ts in Europe
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• June 5, 1947--Sec. of State George Marshall devised the European Recovery Plan
• Marshall Plan provided $12.5 billion for European recovery
• Marshall Plan restored prosperity to Western Europe and ignited economic growth
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" Our policy is directed not against any country or
doctrine, but against hunger, poverty, desperation and
chaos.” George Marshall
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In what ways would the Marshall Plan affect United
States prosperity after WWII?
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Marshall Plan• U.K., West Germany, Italy, France,
Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey
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NATO
• U.K., Canada, France, Denmark, Iceland, Italy, Norway, Portugal, Belgium, Netherlands, and Luxembourg
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ANZUS
• Australia, New Zealand
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SEATO (Southeast Asia Treaty Organization)
• Pakistan, Philippines, Thailand
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METO (Middle East Treaty Org)
• Iraq, Iran
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What was the impact of nuclear proliferation on the Cold War?
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• Nuclear proliferation began with the Manhattan Project during WWII
• The U.S. achieved the first nuclear explosion
• the Soviet Union (1949) and Britain (1952) exploded their own nuclear weapons
• Currently, there are 8 countries that belong to the “nuclear club”
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The Truman Doctrine Declared
1. What is one of the primary objectives of U.S. foreign policy?
2. What steps has the U.S. taken to ensure a world “free of coercion”
3. What are the two ways of life to choose from according to Truman?
4. What is Truman’s pledge to free peoples of the world?