Paris fight(s) for a better air quality

Dominique Alba – Atelier parisien d’urbanisme (APUR) CEOLondon – 01/20/2017

L’Apur, Atelier parisien d’urbanisme, est une association 1901 qui réunit la Ville de Paris, le Département de Paris, l’État, la DRIEA, l’Insee, Paris Métropole, la Chambre de Commerce et d’Industrie de Paris Ile-de-France, la Régie Autonome des Transports Parisiens, la Société du Grand Paris,l’Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Eau de Paris, l’Epaurif, Grand Paris Aménagement, Paris Habitat, Ports de Paris, le SIAAP, le SIFUREP, le SIPPEREC, SNCF Immobilier, le STIF, le Syctom, le territoire Est Ensemble (T8), le territoire Grand-Orly Val-de-Bièvre Seine-Amont (T12), le territoire Grand Paris Seine Ouest (T3).

Grand-Orly Val-de-Bièvre Seine-Amont

Urban planning agency of ParisSince 1967

Association loi 1901 (NGO) – 80 people

Missions : Studies and analysis about all society and urbantransformations connected to public policiesHistory, data bases, urban mutations, new targets, etc

Perimeter of studies: Economics /trade / facilities, rules/ energy / urban metabolismand human metabolism /housing / all on double scale : Paris and its Metropolis.

What is ATELIERPARISIENd’URBANISME? www.apur.org

Great Paris Metropolis(since 1st january 2016)7 M people living131 communities12 territories

L’Apur, Atelier parisien d’urbanisme, est une association 1901 qui réunit la Ville de Paris, le Département de Paris, l’État, la DRIEA, l’Insee, Paris Métropole, la Chambre de Commerce et d’Industrie de Paris Ile-de-France, la Régie Autonome des Transports Parisiens, la Société du Grand Paris,l’Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Eau de Paris, l’Epaurif, Grand Paris Aménagement, Paris Habitat, Ports de Paris, le SIAAP, le SIFUREP, le SIPPEREC, SNCF Immobilier, le STIF, le Syctom, le territoire Est Ensemble (T8), le territoire Grand-Orly Val-de-Bièvre Seine-Amont (T12), le territoire Grand Paris Seine Ouest (T3).

Grand-Orly Val-de-Bièvre Seine-Amont

L’Apur, Atelier parisien d’urbanisme, est une association 1901 qui réunit la Ville de Paris, le Département de Paris, l’État, la DRIEA, l’Insee, Paris Métropole, la Chambre de Commerce et d’Industrie de Paris Ile-de-France, la Régie Autonome des Transports Parisiens, la Société du Grand Paris,l’Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Eau de Paris, l’Epaurif, Grand Paris Aménagement, Paris Habitat, Ports de Paris, le SIAAP, le SIFUREP, le SIPPEREC, SNCF Immobilier, le STIF, le Syctom, le territoire Est Ensemble (T8), le territoire Grand-Orly Val-de-Bièvre Seine-Amont (T12), le territoire Grand Paris Seine Ouest (T3).

Grand-Orly Val-de-Bièvre Seine-Amont

Airpollution:amajor publichealth issue

(source:Airparif 2013)

2012/04/14

level 54

2012/03/29

level 88

1millionpeopleexposedtovalues

higherthanthe

qualityobjective

Particle pollution(PM10andPM2.5)NO2

3.2millionpeopleexposed

tovaluesabove

thelimits

PM10

6600premature deaths/yearintheParismetropolis

Cartraffic limitation,anecessary levertoimprove airquality

Eradicate

highly polluting

vehicles

Reduce

dependence on

polluting cars

No more diesel engines in 2020

Cars, coaches, and motorbikes to be classifiedaccording their pollutinglevel (since 16/01/2017)

Developing alternative transport to polluting cars (public transport, bicycles, electric mobility, walking)

Paris is nowa restrictedtraffic zone

Alternating circulation and prohibiting the most polluting vehicles during pollution period

Allowing other uses to develop on the public space by reducing space for cars, with permanent or temporary closures to road traffic (such as Paris Respire program)

1990’s:thebeginning ofthepublicspace reconquest

ChampsElysées

SeineBanks

« ParisRespire »,since 1995,temporary roadclosures (onsundaysand/oraugust)toreclaim thestreets

Amplify life on the river banks

During the week On Sunday (Paris Respire) On August (Paris Plage)(till summer 2016) (1995-2016) (2001-2016)

And now, forever dedicated to pedestrians (since september 2016)

The2000decade considers publicspaces asswiss knife,withmultifonctionnal uses,appraisal ofthepublic

Build upofaTramway(VLT)networkintheMetropolis•105kms•187stops• 830000users /day

Tramwaylinesarenotjustaurbantransportsystembuttheyalsoplayaurbandevelopmentcatalystrole.

Develop newmobility services:Velib’(since 2007)&bicyclelanes

Vélib’

1,700stations

23,000bikes

Bicyclelanes

from 700km

to1,400kmin2020

BddeRochechouart

Develop newmobility services:Autolib (since 2011),CityscootAutolib 1,100stationsoverParisMetropolis (5,700parkingslots)

3,700electric carsin2015– 100,000activeusers

Cityscoot

150electric scooters

Andtomorrrow :

Velib’tobeexpandedon

themetropolisscale

Blablacar,…

TheSeineriverexample

North Bank / South Bank : one river, twoprojects

Left bank

Rightbank (definitive closure onsummer 2016)Stillacontroversydespitetheconsensusontheurgencyoffightingairpollution=>Alreadyoutdated?!

But55%ofParisinhabitantssupporttheclosureofthebankstotheroadtraffic(pollIFOP,sept2016)

Historic decision attheParisCouncil:theendofan

urbanhighwayandthereconquest oftheSeinebanks

Nototheclosureofthebanks.

2timesmoretimetocrossParis

2timesmorepollution.

Vs

On 2017, going on with public spaces rebalance…Ø 50% of public space dedicated to cars => still to much !

Ø thinking about the street parking future : to reaffect for other uses?

Anewbicyclelanewillbesetup

onRivoli streetin2017

(©Céline Orsinger)

And later… a new transportation system for the Paris MetropolisØ 4 new lines / 200 km to be open from 2022 till 2030

Ø 500 urban projects interconnected

All the metropolitan territory will

be less than 2 km away from a train

station (8 minutes by bike)

Learnings from theParisexperience…Thefightagainstairpollutionisthecrossroadofdifferentaxis:

- short-termactionstoacceleratetherenewalofthefleettowardslesspollutingvehiclesortheabandonmentofthepersonalvehicle

-along-termstrategytoreducecartrafficandrebalancethepositionofthepersonalcaronpublicspacethroughthedevelopmentofalternative

transportservices,butalsobyareclaimofpublicspacesand

developmentofitsuses

(despitecontroversieswhichalreadyseemoveroutdated)

- aglobalstrategywhichincludesmasstransportationsystem

development,buildingsefficiency,increaseofgreeningandwaterover

publicspaces,etc.

Results :

ØDecrease incartraffic :- 40%from 2001

ØDecrease inpublicspace allocated tocars(from 66%to50%)

ØDecrease incarownership

from 48%(2001)to40%(2014)ofparisian households

ØDecrease inpollutionlevels

by50%forPM10andNOx (2000-2012)Mainpollutingagentsevolution(base100in2000)

SourceAirparif 2015

L’Apur, Atelier parisien d’urbanisme, est une association 1901 qui réunit la Ville de Paris, le Département de Paris, l’État, la DRIEA, l’Insee, Paris Métropole, la Chambre de Commerce et d’Industrie de Paris Ile-de-France, la Régie Autonome des Transports Parisiens, la Société du Grand Paris,l’Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Eau de Paris, l’Epaurif, Grand Paris Aménagement, Paris Habitat, Ports de Paris, le SIAAP, le SIFUREP, le SIPPEREC, SNCF Immobilier, le STIF, le Syctom, le territoire Est Ensemble (T8), le territoire Grand-Orly Val-de-Bièvre Seine-Amont (T12), le territoire Grand Paris Seine Ouest (T3).

Grand-Orly Val-de-Bièvre Seine-Amont

©Apur–D.Boureau

Thank You