Dominican republic slide show

A CLOSE UP:

DOMINICANS IN NYC

Thursday, April 29, 2010

By: Sara, Matt, Fernando, Susie, Haemin


KEY DEMOGRAPHICS: - Rank # 1 in Top 20 Source Countries of Foreign Born (2000) - 369, 186 (Legal Count) - 12.9% of New York’s Foreign Born- 50% of Dominicans in U.S. settled in NYC- Largest source group for Latin America

Comparable Foreign Born Populations: China (261,551) Jamaica (178,922) Guyana (130,647) Mexico (122, 550)

Source: Lobo, Arun Peter, and Joseph J. Salvo. “Population Growth and Country of Origin of Immigrants.”


0

100,000

200,000

300,000

400,000

DR CHINA JAMAICA GUYANA MEXICO

Source: “Newest New Yorkers 2000” NYC Population Division.

Foreign Born Populations Compared to the Dominican Foreign Born Population In NYC, 2000


DOMINICAN IMMIGRATION

BYE-BYE


- 60% Visa approval rate - Plane - Overstay their visitor’s Visa - Fraudulent papers - Pass Puerto Rican Natives - Family Sponsorship

source: “Truly a Global City” (Binder, Frederick and Reimers)

How Dominicans Come to the United States


MAIN REASONS FOR DOMINICAN IMMIGRATION TO US:

Political unrest Family reunification Economic unrest


- 1950’s &60’s - Political unrest - Middle class flees

- 1980’s &90’s - Economic unrest - skilled and unskilled workers come

- 2000 to Present: Mostly Family reunification Source: Foner, Nancy. “New immigrants in New York.” (2001).

Timeline of Reasons for Dominican Emigration


- 1870: U.S. develops liking for DR (wants to Annex) - Two countries develop a financial interdependency

- As a result: Opens doors for U.S. to interfere with Dominican Politics

- Keeps dictators in power

-Changes in 1960’s with assassination of Dominican dictator Rafael Trujillo - immigration begins

History of Dominican Immigration:


- Political Unrest: U.S. develops new Visa program

- Large Influx: - 1950’s (990 registered) - 1960’s (9330 registered)

- Migration continues to increase during the 70’s

-1980‘s + 1990‘s - turmoil hits DR economy

- Salary differential by 1991 = 13x higher in NY

- Result: Immigration quadruples

History Continued:

Source: Foner, Nancy. “New immigrants in New York.” (2001).


DEMOGRAPHIC CHANGES:

- Expanding Dominicans population outside NYC has reduced numbers

- 1980 to 1990: Dominicans in NYC - 73.4% to 65.1%- 1990 to 2000: fell to 53.2%

(Source: Batiz, Rivera. “Dominicans in the United States.” Columbia University. (2000).)

0 38 75 113 150

53.2

65.1

65.1

73.4 1980-19901990-2000


DOMINICAN SETTLEMENT IN NYC IN 2000

18

Residential Settlement of Persons Born in theDominican Republic by ZIP CodeNew York City, 2000

PERSONS

Born in the Dominican Republic=369,186

Population Division–New York City Department of City Planning

10,000 or more

5,000 to 9,999

3,000 to 4,999

1,000 to 2,999

Under 1,000




34%

34%

16%

16% 1%

MANHATTAN BRONX QUEENSBROOKLYN STATEN ISLAND

Foreign Born Dominican Areas of Settlement in NYC as of 2000


Manhattan: (UPPER) - Washington Heights - Hamilton Heights - Inwood

Queens: - Corona

Brooklyn: - Sunset Park - Williamsburg- Bushwick

Bronx: - University Heights - Highbridge -Morris Heights


Top Dominican Foreign Born areas of Residence by Borough

Washington Heights


Age and Gender Composition of Dominican Immigrants, NYC -2000

Source: US Census Bureau

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Measured per 1000

Dominicans


GENDER RATIOS FOR DOMINICAN IMMIGRANTS IN NYC- 2000

- 81.7% of population between 18 and 64- Sex Ratio: 80 Males per 100 females

Comparison to Native New Yorkers: - Sex Ratio: 89 Males per 100 females- Male vs. Female - 42.7% to 52.3% - Largest age group - 25 to 44 - 26%




EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT


EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT FOR DOMINICAN IMMIGRANTS IN NYC AS OF 2000

- Lowest attainment in U.S. - 43.8% graduate from high school - 10. 6% have completed college

COMPARISON: Native born New Yorkers: 78.4% + 21.7% college grads - 2nd Generation Dominicans do better (Measured by college graduation rate) - 1980 - 31.7% -1990 - 42. 8% -2000 - 55.1%

- Despite this: - Largest school enrollment rates of all Hispanic groups in NYC- 111,553 Dominicans in public school system


Source: Batiz, Rivera. “Dominicans in the United States.” Columbia University. (2000).


LANGUAGE SPOKEN AT HOME + ENGLISH ABILITY


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% Not English Proficient Dominicans in NYC (2000)


INCOME DISTRIBUTION AMONG DOMINICAN IMMIGRANTS AND NATIVE BORN NEW YORKERS

2000:

Source: Foner, Nancy. “New immigrants in New York.” (2001) + Batiz, Rivera. “Dominicans in the United States.” Columbia University. (2000).

Source: “Newest New Yorkers 2000” NYC Population Division. (2001)

Native Born Dominican

Average Workers Per House 1 1.1

Mean Earning for Females 16+ $45,960 $21,342

Mean Household Income $39,900 $25,300

Mean Earning for Males 16+ $60,754 $25,764

-High unemployment: 8.9%


OCCUPATION DISTRIBUTION OF

DOMINICAN IMMIGRANTS IN NYC 2000 - Workers concentrated in: manufacturing and wholesale/retail- Dominant in NYC Bodegas (delis)

The Dominican Labor Force: - Mostly young + unskilled- 17.3% of Dominicans in U.S. have managerial, professional and technical occupations in comparison to 45.4% of the Native Population - As a result: earnings are substantially lower

source: “Truly a Global City” (Binder, Frederick and Reimers,1995)



POVERTY STATUS OF DOMINICAN IMMIGRANTS IN NYC

- Highest immigrant poverty rate: 30.9% - Native Born rate is only 21.5%

High Poverty rate strongly correlated to Female Headed Households- In 2000 - 50% of female headed households were living in poverty


3122

Native BornDominican Foreign Born


RACIAL DIVERSITY OF DOMINICANS IMMIGRANTS IN NYC 2000

1990 Census revealed: - Dominicans view themselves as either mixed race (50%) or black (25%)- Many believe white Dominicans have an economic advantage in gaining employment

In comparison Native New Yorkers are: - 51% white- 26.9% black- 5% are Asian

Source: Foner, Nancy. “New immigrants in New York.” (2001).


FAMILY STRUCTURE

- Average household size = 4- Native New Yorker: 3.33- Female is often head of home

Source: Foner, Nancy. “New immigrants in New York.” (2001)+ U.S. Census Bureau


HOMEOWNERSHIP OF NATIVE NEW YORKERS AND DOMINICAN IMMIGRANTS IN NYC COMPARED:

2000

- 8.5% of Dominican Households are owned - 31.6% of Native New Yorkers own homes- 38% of homes are overcrowded - Renter-occupied housing units - 181, 345- Majority RENT!!!

Source: US Census Bureau+“Newest New Yorkers 2000” NYC Population Division.


Owner Occupied

Overcrowding

0 18 35 53 70

38

8.5

25.4

28.3

Native New Yorkers Dominicans

Source: US Census Bureau +“Newest New Yorkers 2000” NYC Population Division.


CITIZENSHIP STATUS OF DOMINICANS IN NYC


0

18

35

53

70

36.4

63.6

Citizen Not U.S. Citizen

Citizenship


ROLE OF STATISTICS: Statistics reveal:

Basic demographic characteristics:

1. where the immigrants have predominantly settled2. Population size 3. Educational attainment

Statistics cannot reveal:

- hardship in obtaining a job + the work environment - discrimination. - Ease of integration

Another large problem:

- Dominicans classified themselves as either black or white ethnicity while the rest classified themselves as Dominican.


Dominican republic slide show

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