• Domestic violence, also known as domestic abuse, spousal abuse, battering, family violence, and intimate partner violence (IPV), is a pattern of behavior which involves the abuse by one partner against another in an intimate relationship such as marriage, cohabitation, dating or within the family.

• Domestic violence can take many forms, including physical aggression or assault (hitting, kicking, biting, shoving, restraining, slapping, throwing objects, battery), or threats thereof; sexual abuse; emotional abuse; controllingor domineering; intimidation; stalking; passive/covert abuse (e.g., neglect); and economic deprivation

• Alcohol consumption and mental illness can be co-morbid with abuse, and present additional challenges in eliminating domestic violence. Awareness, perception, definition and documentation of domestic violence differs widely from country to country, and from era to era.

• Domestic violence and abuse is not limited to obvious physical violence. Domestic violence can also mean endangerment, criminal coercion, kidnapping, unlawful imprisonment, trespassing, harassment, and stalking.

• According to a study published in 1998 by the U.S Department of Justice (DOJ), women in the U.S. experienced about 840,000 non-lethal incidents of violence committed by an intimate partner in 1996.

• The report showed that the most common victims of intimate violence are younger women, between ages of 16 and 24.

• Experts widely disagree over the extent of male victimization.

• Domestic violence results in homicide. According to Federal Bureau of Investigation 5% men were killed by their wives and girlfriends and approximately 30% women were killed by their husband and boyfriends in 1996.

• Research in Iloilo on Domestic violence showed that husbands perpetrate most domestic abuses.

PATTERN OF ABUSE

Only role model is abused parent and child

Crisis lacks of

understanding

Lacks understanding children and discipline

Becomes parent

Crisis

Child grows up frustrations

Abuse

Forms of Abuse

• Physical- Inflicting or attempting to inflict physical injury

example: grabbing, pinching, shoving, slapping, hitting, biting, arm-twisting, kicking, punching, hitting with blunt objects, stabbing, shooting

• PSYCHOLOGICAL- Instilling or attempting to instill fearexample: intimidation, threatening physical harm to self, victim, and/or others, threatening to harm and/or kidnap children, menacing, blackmail, harassment, destruction of pets and property, mind games, stalking.

-Isolating or attempting to isolate victim from friends, family, school, and/or work example:withholding access to phone and/or transportation, undermining victim's personal relationships, harassing others, constant "checking up,” constant accompaniment, use of unfounded accusations, forced imprisonment

• EMOTIONAL- Undermining or attempting to undermine victim sense of worth.example: constant criticism, belittling victim's abilities and competency, name-calling, insults, put-downs, silent treatment, manipulating victim's feelings and emotions to induce guilt, subverting a partner's relationship with the children, repeatedly making and breaking promises

• ECONOMIC- Making or attempting to make the victim financially dependentexample: maintaining total control over financial resources including victim's earned income or resources received through public assistance or social security, withholding money and/or access to money, forbidding attendance at school, forbidding employment, on-the-job harassment, requiring accountability and justification for all money spent, forced welfare fraud, withholding information about family running up bills for which the victim is responsible for payment

Causes of Domestic Violence

• stress• provocation by the intimate partner• economic hardship, such as

prolonged unemployment• depression• desperation• jealousy• anger

Effects of DomesticViolence

The results of domestic violence or abuse can be very long-lasting. People who are abused by a spouse or intimate partner may develop:

– sleeping problems– depression– anxiety attacks– low self-esteem– lack of trust in others– feelings of abandonment– anger

Effects of DomesticViolence

– sensitivity to rejection– diminished mental and physical health– inability to work– poor relationships with their children

and other loved ones– substance abuse as a way of coping– Physical abuse may result in death, if

the victim does not leave the relationship.

Biblical Teachings• James 1:19-20

“My dear brothers and sisters, take note of this: Everyone should be quick to listen, slow to speak and slow to become angry, because human anger does not produce the righteousness that God desires.”

Biblical Teachings

• Ephesians 4:26

“In your anger do not sin”: Do not let the sun go down while you are still angry”

Personal Stand or Opinion

• ANYONE CAN BE A VICTIM! – Victims can be of any age, sex, race,

culture, religion, education, employment or marital status. Although both men and women can be abused, most victims are women. Children in homes where there is domestic violence are more likely to be abused and/or neglected. Most children in these homes know about the violence. Even if a child is not physically harmed, they may have emotional and behavior problems.

Personal Stand or Opinion

• If you are being abused, REMEMBER:

– You are not alone– It is not your fault– Help is available

...CHILD ABUSE...•Is an intentional act of that results to physical or emotional harm to children. It covers a wide range of behavior from actual physicalassault by parents or other adult caretakers to neglect of a child’s basic needs. It is also sometimes called child maltreatment.

Republic Act No. 7610

Section 1. – This Act shall be known as the "Special Protection of Children Against Abuse, Exploitation and Discrimination Act."

Section 3- "Children" refers to person below eighteen (18) years of age or those over but are unable to fully take care of themselves or protect themselves from abuse, neglect, cruelty, exploitation or discrimination because of a physical or mental disability or condition; "Child abuse" refers to the maltreatment, whether habitual or not

...CHILD ABUSE...

REPUBLIC ACT NO. 9262

AN ACT DEFINING VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN AND THEIR CHILDREN, PROVIDING FOR PROTECTIVE MEASURES FOR VICTIMS, PRESCRIBING PENALTIES THEREFORE, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES.

Section 1. This Act shall be known as the "Anti-Violence Against Women and Their Children Act of 2004."

...CHILD ABUSE...

• The U.S. Advisory board on Child Abuse and Neglect estimates that parents or caretakers kill 2000 children each year under the age of 18.

• Annually more children under the age of 4 die from abuse or neglect than from falls, drowning, fires, or motor vehicle accidents.

• More than 18,000 children suffer permanent disabilities from abuse or neglect annually.

...CHILD ABUSE...

Types of Child Abuse

• Physical abuse- includes deliberate acts of violence that injure or even kill a child like unexplained bruises, broken bones, or burn marks on a child.

• Sexual Abuse- occurs when adults use children for sexual gratification or expose them to sexual activities.

...CHILD ABUSE...

Types of Child Abuse• Emotional Abuse- destroys a

child’s self-esteem. It includes repeated verbal abuse in the form of shouting, threats, and degrading or humiliating criticism.

• Neglect- the most common type of child abuse done physically, emotionally and mentally.

...CHILD ABUSE...

Causes of Child Abuse• Intergenerational Transmission of

violence.• Social stress.• Social Isolation and Low

Community Involvement.• Family Structure.

...CHILD ABUSE...

Effects of Child Abuse• Children who witness domestic violence

may develop serious emotional, behavioral, developmental, or academic problems. As children, they may become violent themselves, or withdraw. Some act out at home or school; others try to be the perfect child. Children from violent homes may become depressed and have low self-esteem.

...CHILD ABUSE...

Effects of Child Abuse• As they develop, children and

teens who grow up with domestic violence in the household are:

• more likely to use violence at school or in the community in response to perceived threats

• more likely to attempt suicide• more likely to use drugs

...CHILD ABUSE...

Effects of Child Abuse

• more likely to commit crimes, especially sexual assault

• more likely to use violence to enhance their reputation and self-esteem

• more likely to become abusers in their own relationships later in life

...CHILD ABUSE...

Biblical Views Matthew 18:1-6• "At that time the disciples came to Jesus,

saying, 'Who then is greatest in the kingdom of heaven? Then Jesus called a little child to Him, set him in the midst of them, and said, 'Assuredly, I say to you, unless you are converted and BECOME AS LITTLE CHILDREN, you will by no means enter the kingdom of heaven. Therefore whoever humbles himself as this little child is the greatest in the kingdom of heaven. Whoever receives one little child like this in My name receives Me.

...CHILD ABUSE...

Biblical Views

WHOEVER CAUSES ONE OF THESE LITTLE ONES WHO BELIEVE IN ME TO SIN, it would be better for him if a millstone were hung around his neck, and he were drowned in the depth of the sea.' "

...CHILD ABUSE...

Biblical Views

Mark 9:42

• “But whoever causes one of these little ones who believe in Me TO STUMBLE, it would be better for him if a millstone were hung around his neck, and he were thrown into the sea."

...CHILD ABUSE...

Biblical View

- Clearly, Jesus takes the abuse or hindering, etc. of children, especially those who are spiritually a child, VERY seriously!

- Parents must always teach in love and discipline with justice - and not abuse. This does not mean an adult should be passive and not correct a child for bad and unacceptable behavior because that too is a sign of being unloving and abusive. Even God chastens or corrects us because he loves us.

...CHILD ABUSE...

Personal Stand or Opinion

• Children are special gifts from God. They should be loved and cared. But today, many cases of child abuse are appearing in the news and parents who are abusing their children are increasing.

...CHILD ABUSE...

Personal Stand or Opinion• To lessen the cases of child

abuse Government should widen the programs that protects the children and informs the parents about this case because at the end the future of the child depends on the foundation they got from their parents.

...CHILD ABUSE...

Personal Stand or Opinion

• Ofcourse, I also agree with the Biblical view that explains; Parents would also not be passive and not correct a child for bad and unacceptable behavior because that too is a sign of being unloving and abusive.

...CHILD ABUSE...

THE END.