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Artistic and Literary Traditions

of Central Asia


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Afrasiab
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Ornamental art is characteristic

of Central Asia Forms derive from typical local features

(desert vegetation, rams horns, shapes of

nomadic yurta (tents), moon and sun.

Forms are stylized and abstracted.

Prohibition of representation of living

organisms by Islam reinforced ornamentaltendency.


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Issyk Kurgan (burial

mound) near Almaty,

Kazakstan where GoldenWarrior was discovered


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Scythian (Saki)

5thCentury BC

Gold warriors burialcostume from Issyk

Kurgan (near Almaty

in Kazakstan)

Replica in UN

(New York)


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Sythian warriors

burial costume

Gold detail of ramsheads from headress


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Runic inscription on

ancient silver chalice

(Almaty, Kazakstan) Indicates existence of

indigenous alphabet of

Turkic peoples residing

in Central Asia beforeadvent of Islam


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Karakhanid mausoleum(10th-11thCenturies)

Near Osh, Kirgizstan


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Left doors to

Karakhanid mausoleumnear Osh


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Turkestan, Kazakstan:

Mausoleum of Khodja

Akhmet Yasavi XIV Century

Gates in

Fortified Walls


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Turkestan,Kazakstan:

Mausoleum of Khadji

Akhmet Yasavi 1405

Pilgrimage site of

Muslim cult


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Mikhrab:

10th-11thCentury

Asht (Tadjikistan) Mausoleum of Abrulla

ibn Bureida:

11thCentury

Grand Bazar(Turkmenistan)


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Turbat

Mausoleum of

Ismail-ata

19thCentury


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Mausoleum of

Babadnen-Khatun

10th-11thCenturies


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Gur Emir

Tomb of Amir Timur

(Tamerlane)
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Samarkand:Tillia Kari Medressa

Constructed in

1647-1666 in reign of

Ulug Beg, grandson

on Timur

Medressa is a

seminary or college


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Samarkand:

Tillia Kari Medressa

Interior of gold-gilteddome


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Registan
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Khiva:Arzkhona aivan

Carved and paintedwooden structure and

ornaments Aivan (or aywan) is an

open summer terracewith canopy on a raised

platform


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Khiva:

Carved wooden doors

Juma Masjid (masjid means mosque

in Turkic)


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Ceramic tile work from

Shakhrizabz (birthplace

of Amir Timur)


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Seamstresses in

Samarkand sewing

gold thread embroideryonto camisole (kamzol)

or vest


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Nauryz celebration

(pan-Turkic New Year)in Almaty, Kazakstan


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Crafts shop

Handcrafted brass ware

and knives


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Silk carpet Caucasian Kazak

design

Handmade inSamarkand


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Carpet Factory
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The Battle

Painting by

contemporary artist

Shamil Guliev Incorporates elements

of traditional Central

Asian art into modern

view of the world


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66 Lions

Contemporary artistShamil Guliev


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Central Asian Music

Characterized by improvisation

It is the vehicle which preserved literature for

centuries (all poetry was sung to musicalaccompaniment)

The earliest musicians of Central Asia were

the shamans who healed through magic


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The dombra ordombira is a pear-

shaped wooden

instrument with three

or more gut strings. The dombra or

dombira is common to

most of Central Asia


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Kiu = wordless

melody played

on dombira

Kiu can tell a

story or depict

a scene


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This kiu depicts

horsemen galloping

across the steppe.


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Akyn or bardperforms songs

or tales

accompanying

himself on thedombira


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Rakmanqul Berdibai

(Kazak Academy

of Sciences,Folklore Department)

plays kiu on dombra


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Folk Instrument

Orchestra of

KurmangazyConservatory

(Almaty, Kazakstan)


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Kobyz is an ancientbowed instrument

made of wood, camel

skin and horsehair

strings. The most famous

composition for the

kobyz depicts the

death of a swan shot

by a hunters arrow.


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Central Asian literature was long

preserved by oral tradition Until recently prejudice has endorsed written

literature and devaluated oral literature.

Oral tradition emphasizes improvisation.

Akyn or bards with extraordinary memory

chanted epic poetry and demonstrated skill at

improvisation.


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Manas

Kirgiz national

epic poem

At least 1000 years old Blends mythology with

tale of migration of

Kirgiz people from

Enisei basin


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Yusuf Khass

Khadjib Balasaguni,

The Knowledge ofRoyal Happiness

(1069)


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Alisher Navoi(1441-1501)

Divan or Khamsa

(a collection of five

narrative poems)

Illuminated manuscript

in Beruni Institute of

Oriental Studies(Tashkent)


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Majlis or feast at homeof Alisher Navoi

Miniature from

manuscript of

Majnun and Laili

16thCentury


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Alisher Navoi

Miniature from

illuminated manuscriptof narrative poem

entitled Seven

Planets


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Abai Kunanbai

(1845-1904)

Poet and teacher

Father of written

literature in Kazak


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Mukhtar Auezov (1897-1961)

His novel

The Path of Abai

(1949)

won the Lenin Prize

for literature

A d E lik d K b k ( K k


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Auezovs drama Enlik and Kebek (a Kazak

Romeo and Juliet) first performed in this yourta in

1917 marked the beginning of Kazak theater.


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SUMMARY

Central Asian art is typically ornamental

Central Asian music is characterized byimprovisation.

Central Asian literature place a high priority onoral tradition.

The epic poetry of Central Asia embodies the moral

aspirations and values of its people andconstitutes a record of the history of CentralAsia

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