Domains of PsychologyINSTRUCTOR HEATHER KAY

Psychology is the scientific study of behavior and mental processes.

Psychology

Goals

Thoughts,Emotions, Motives Cognitive Activity Learning and

Reasoning Mental Processes

Laughing, taking,listening. Response to Stimuli

Action or activitythat can beobserved.

Behaviors

Why is ithappening?

When will it happenagain?

How can it bechanged?

Control

Prediction

Explanation

What is happening?

Description

Description

Observation:

Something is seen, heard or

felt.

Example Outward Behavior: Teacher

observes a child sleeps in class every Monday

morning but not any other morning .

What is happing? Where it happens? To whom it happens? Under what

circumstances it happens?

Explanation

Finding explanation for behavior is a

step to , form theories of

behavior

A theory is a set of ideas combined in a logical way, that explains and connects known facts and predicts

events

The teacher overhears a conversation between the child and a friend. He tells his friend how he is getting away with

staying up playing video games on Saturday and Sunday because his dad works nights and his mom falls asleep

early.Prediction

What is likely to happen if things stay the same?

What will happen in the future?

If the student does not get to

bed earlier he will continue to sleep

in class

Control

Focus of control: Change

undesirable behavior to

desirable behavior.

Teacher contacts the parents and let’s them know of the

situation so they can change their child’s sleeping situation.

GoalsChild goes to

bed earlier and stops sleeping in

class

Start

Major Theorists In PsychologyAnd Their Theories

Wilhelm Wundt-(1832-1920) Introspection, Volunteerism, First Psychology Laboratory 1879- Applied scientific principles to studying the human mind-Concentrated on thoughts, images and feelings- He stimulated interest in cognitive psychology-Founder of experimental psychology

Edward Titchener- (1867-1927)Structuralism- Study the structure of the mind, sensations and thoughts- Student of Wundt-Contributed to Experimental Psychology-Structuralism died in 1927 with Titchener

William James- (1842-1910) Functionalism- Opposed Structuralism- Stress the ways the mind allows us to adapt

Sigmund Freud- (1856-1939) Psychoanalysis- Influenced by the Victorian Age- Unconscious mind controls much of our conscious behavior

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Major Theorists In Psychology And Their Theories

John Watson- (1878-1958)- Behaviorism- Science of behavior that focuses on observable behavior only-All behavior is learned- Believed phobias are learned through conditioning-Little Albert Experiment

Ivan Pavlov- (1849-1936)-Classical Conditioning- An event that provokes a response-Known for his work with conditioning dogs to salivate as conditioned reflexive response to a metronome

B.F. Skinner- (1904-1990)-Behaviorism-Operant Conditioning-Voluntary Behavior- Concept of reinforcement in behaviorism

Mary Cover Jones- (1897-1987)-Counter conditioning- Old conditioning would be replaced by new conditioning-Known for behavior therapy-Little Peter Experiment

Jean Piaget- (1896-1980)- Developmental Psychology- Theory of Cognitive Development-Influenced educational programs with theory of child development

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Subfields of PsychologyClinical Psychology- Diagnose and treat

psychological disorders in people.

CounselingPsychology-Works

with people who have less severe problems, such as work or family

problems.

Developmental Psychology- Focuses

on the study of change.

Experimental Psychology- Is the

area where research is conducted with people

and animals in the areas of learning, memory, thinking,

perception, motivation, and language.

Minter, K. P., & Elmhorst, W. J.,(Teachers Ed).(2012)

Subfields of Psychology(Con’t)

Industrial/Organizational Psychology- The area of psychology concerned with

relationships between people and their work

Social Psychology- Study of human behavior is affected by the presence of other people.

Comparative Psychology-Area of Psychology in which the psychologist study animals and their behavior for the purpose

of comparing and contrasting it to human behavior.

Physiological Psychology –Study the brain, the nervous system, and the influence of

the body’s chemicals on human beings.

Personality Psychology- Study of

the ways in which people are both alike

and different.

Minter, K. P., & Elmhorst, W. J.,(Teachers Ed).(2012)

Psychological Perspectives

Click on above video to view presentation

Reference Bazar, J., [bazarj] (2013, Jan 28). Introduction to introspection.[Video File]. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j1UnYiPwBQ0 Clemens, D., [dawnclemens] (2013, September, 10). The big 7 perspectives of psychology. Retrived from https://www.

youtube.com/watch?v=Aa-QHNCH7ks East Tennessee State University (2013, September, 8). Foundations of psychology: Structuralism and functionalism. [Video

File]. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L4M3OzGyrZ8 Johnson, A., [johnsonanna] .(2010, July, 10). Psychoanalysis: An introduction. [Video File]. https://www.youtube.com/watch?

v=WiLtQATY_1s Monaghan, V., Whitehead, C., Lonegan, C,, & McDonnell, C., [nessymon] (2012, Jan, 10). Behavourism 101. [Video File].

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RU0zEGWp56Y Stufff You Should Know-How Stuff Works (2014, May, 9). The little albert experiment. [Video File].

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SGU0IYDlwn0 Tangen, K., [tangenken]. (2013, July, 2). What is developmental psychology? [Video File]. https://www.youtube.com/watch?

v=8O6z5-WTHt0 The Mental Image (2015, August, 19). The mental image. [Online Image]. Retrieved from

https://thementalimage.wordpress.com/category/psychology-2/psychological-perspectives/ Trentacost, P., [trentacostpatrick]. (2013, January, 9). Mary cover jones. [Video File]. https://www.youtube.com/watch?

v=WaPYcLy1F3s Minter, K. P., & Elmhorst, W. J.,(Teachers Ed).(2012). Psychology. NJ: Pearson.