Contents

EFFECT OF CLlMATE SHIFTS ON THE ABUNDANCE OF GELATINOUS PLANKTON INTHE BLACK SEA (Tamara Shiganova, Alexander Mikaciyan) 56

SPECTRAL MODELLING OF PRIMARY PRODUCTION IN THE BLACK SEA:CONSEQUENCES OF VARlABILlTY IN QUANTUM YIELD AND SPECIFlC ABSORPTION(Tatiana Churilova, V. Suslin. Zosim Fincnko) . 57

A STUDY ABOUT FlSH AGGREGATlON EFFICIENCY OF ARTIFlClAL REEFSDEPLOY ED ON SINOP PORT (Ercan Erdem. ıbrahim Erkoyuncu) .... . 58

SUMMER DISTRIBUTION OF THE INVASIVE MNEMIOPSIS LElDYI (AGASSIZ A., 1865)IN THE WESTERN BLACK SEA: AN INDICATOR OF SHIFTING ENVIRONMENT(Lyudmila Kamburska, Krcmcna Stefanova ) .. . 58

ZOOBENTHIC COMMUNITIES' STRUCTURE IN THE EASTERN PART OF THE MARINERESERVE 2 MAl - VAMA VECHE UNDER PRESENT ECOLOGICAL CONDlTlONS(Valeria Abaza) . 59

RELATlONSHIPS BETWEEN ZOOPLANKTON VARlABILlTY IN WINTER-SPRINGPERIOD OFF THE BULGARIAN BLACK SEA COAST AND THE NORTH ATLANTICOSCILLA TION WINTER INDEX, 1989-2007 (Vesselina Mihncva, Violeta Velikova, AdrianaCoeiasu. Violin Raikov, Georgi Daskalov) 60

FOOD SUPPLY OF SMALL PELAGIC FISH: TRENDS AND CORRELA TlONS (VictorNikolsky) 61

SPRAT (SPRATTUS SPRATrUS L.) GROWTH: EFFECTS AND ENVIRONMENTALRESPONSES (Violin Raykov. Vcssclina Mihrıcva, Gcorgi Daskalov) .. . 61

CLlMATE CHANGE AND PHYTOPLANKTON GROWTH LIMlTlNG NUTRlENTS INNORTH EASTERN BLACK SEA. (Vladyrnir Silkin. Larisa Pautova) 62

THE LONG-TlME TREND OF THE CLIMATE INFLUENCE ON THE BLACK SEABIOLUMINESCENCE AND PLANKTON COM~lUNITY CHANGEABILlTY. (Yuriy Tokarev,Vietor Mclnikov, Natalya Burmistrova. Vladimir Bclokopytov, Aleksandra Tcrnnykh) 63

TEMPORAL CHANGING OF GELATlNOUS MACROZOOPLANKTON OFF SINOPREGION, THE SOUTHERN BLACK SEA (Zekiye Birinci Özdemir, Levent Bat, Hasan H.Satilmis, Funda Ustun, Fatih Sahirı, Yalçın Kaya) .. .64

EFFECTS OF COASTAL STRUCTURES ON ECOSYSTEM AND FISHERIES IN TURKISHCOASTS (Yakup Erdem, Levent Bat, Ercan Erdem, Fatih Sahin, Ahmet Kideys )..... .. .... 64

CHANGES IN TEMPORAL DISTRlBUTlON OF ZOOPLANKTON OFF SINOP REGION,THE SOUTHERN BLACK SEA (Funda Usrun, Levent Bat, Hasan H. Sarilmis, Fatih Sahin, Zeki cBirinci Özdemir)... . . .. .. 65

CHANGES IN COMPOSITION AND DISTRIBUTION OF PHYTOPLANKTON IN THESOUTHERN BLACK SEA DURING THE LAST DECADE (Fatih Sahin, Levent Bat, FundaUstun, Zekiye Birinci Özdemir, Hasan H. Satilmis).. ...65

THE SPA TlAL - TEMPORAL C~lANGEABILlTY OF THE BLACK SEABIOLUMINESCENCE FIELD: MESOSCALE ASPECT (Naıalya Burmistrova . Yuriy Tokarev,Vladimir Vasilenko, Vladimir Juk, Dcrıys Slipctskyy ) . .. 66

CHANGES OF THE MARINE COMMUNITIES OF Tl-lE BALTIC- AND THE NORTH SEADUE TO GLOBAL WARlVlrNG (Ulrich Niennann)... .. 66

THE BLACK SEA ECOSYSTEM - IMPORTANT POTENTIAL SOURCE FORPHARMACEUTlCAL INDUSTRY (Rodica Sirbu, Tania Zaharia, Simion Nicolaev, AlexandruBologa, Iuliana Pscgalinschi ) . .. ..... 67

BIOLOGıcAL CHARACTERISTIC OF ROCK GOBY GOBIUS PAGANELLUS, IN THESOUTH EASTERN BLACK SEA (Scınih Engin, Kadir Seyhan).. .. 68

LONG-TERM TENDENCIES IN THE CHANGE OF SEA WATER TRANSPARENCY ATZMEINYI ISLAND (Yevgen Gazycıov, Natalia Kovalova, Vladimir Medincts).. .. 68

VARlABILITY OF CALANUS EUXINUS IN THE MARMARA SEA AS A PREDICTION OFWARMING EVENTS IN THE BLACK SEA. (Melek Isinibilie, L. Svetlichny, E. Hubareva,Alunet Kidcys).. . 69

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2nd BIANNUAL AND BLACK SEA SCENE EC PROJECT .fOINT CONFERENCE

TEMPORAL CHANGING OF GELA TINOUS MACROZOOPLANKTON OFF SINOPREGION, THE SOUTHERN .BLACK SEA~, ' < .

, Hasan H. Satilıni;'2·" Funda Usaın '", Fatih Sahinl", Yalçın Kayaı.r

'Sinop University Fisheries Faculty, 57000 Sinop, Turkey2University of Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart, Fisheries Faculry, 17100 Çanakkale. Turkey

'7e-kbiro7t(1!!maiLcom. ~'k',i('ntbali((gmai1.caın. l..hhsmİlmİ-:iI(Lhotrnail.cl')!11. dlunthlUstun((i gınail.com,';sahilıfıh(({~ınaiJ.col11! iy;.)!ı.: iııkav:.ı/ıı ~!ın~ıil_coın

Key words: Gelatinous macrozooplankton, Seasonality, Distribution, Black Sea, Sinop Region.In the Black Sea, increase in gelatinous macrozooplankton played an important role in its ecosystemfunctioning, and specifıcally for fishery resources, The main aim of the present study is todetermine changes in gelatinous distribution during recent years. Impacts of elimaric changes ondistribution and seasonality of gelatinous macrozooplankton were investigated in the southenıBlack Sea. For that purpose seasonal distribution, biomass and abundance values of gelatinousmacrozooplankton (Aurelia al/rita, Pleurobrachia pileus, Mnemiopsis leidyi and Beroe ovata) in thecentral southem Black Sea were studied between January 2003 and December 2004. Planktonsamples were collected monthly at two stations.Inter-annual and seasonal changes of macrozooplankton were compared with the literature datafrom other regions of the Black Sea.

EFFECTS OF COAST AL STRUCTURES ON .ECOSYSTEM AND FTSRERIES LNTURKISH COASTS j .. '

Yakup Erde~I.", Lev~~t B:ıtl.b, Erca~ Erdem':", Fatih Sahinl.dand Ahmet E. Kideys2.,

'Sinop University, Fisheries Faculty,57000, Sinop, TURKEY2Pennanent Seeretanat to The Commission on the Protection of the Black Sea Against Polluıiou,

Dolmabahce Sarayi 2 Hareket Kosku, 34353 Besiktas, [stanbul, TURKEY .

;ıvaklltıCrdern({ihotnı~1i1.coın. hkvcnıbl'(HHl1U edU.lL ";i.x~rJei1l7Yia iıotın~iLcoın. Jfsahini'a omu.('Ju.!!-~''kiJevSrll !!m.ıil.com

Key words: Coastal structures, artificial reefs, field gaining, ecosystern, fisheries, Black SeaCoastal regions are major important areas of seas in terms of biodiversity and fisheries. These areasare affected considerably by land based pollution and man made structures as harbors, quays andfishing ports, and sea fıllings for the purpose of field gaining and denudation prevention.Men made coastal structures are spread over wide fields in the Black Sen coasts. There are manypositive and negative effects ofthese structures on ecosystem and fısheries.This study deals with coastal man ma de structures and its effeets on ecosystem and fisheries. Futuresuggestions were aimed to be provided by comparing the results of the observations and studies.

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Scssion 2. Black Sea Eecsystem responses to climale cbangeCHANGES IN TEMPORAL DISTRIBUTION OF ZOOPLANKTON OFF SINOP REGION. THE SOUTHERN BLACK SEA [Funda Ustun.

Levent Bat. Hasan H. Satilnıls . Fatih Sahin Zekiye Birinci Özdemir)

Funda Ustun 1.'. Levent Bat I.b, Hasan H. Satilınis 2." Fatih Sahin 1." Zekiye Birinci Ozdeınir 1.,

'Sinop University Fisheries Faculty, 57000 Sinop, Turkey2University of Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart, Fisheries Faculry, 17i00 Çanakkale, Turkey

; l·lInd:'tUSlUnıu;~l1laiı.":ıım. " !evclıthutfü!t!ınaiLcom. ~.hh~atj!mıs(riıht)~mail.conı. usnhinnhıu !.n1ıail.('onı.1.'7.ckbii"l)z!t.i:!:!m:.ıil.cüm

Key words: Zooplankton, climatic impact, seasonality, Black Sea, Sinop regionIn this study, the possible impact of climatic variations On zooplankton off Sinop in the southerrıBlack Sea was investigated. With this purposes, available data from this region collected during thelast two decades were used. Inter-arınual and seasonal changes of zooplankton were analyzed indetail, and compared with the literature data from other regions of the Black Sea.

CHANGEŞ IN CÖMPOSITlONAND DısfRmUTili~ OF PHYTOPLANKTON IN THESOUTHERN BLAC .~:x.<>fL< ~::,';~;~~r~. . j;: ~ .~

Fatih Sahin ''', levent Bat I.b, Funda Ustun Ix, Zekiye Birinci Özdemir I.d Hasan H. Satihnis 2.'

'Sinop University Fisheries Faculty, 57000 Sinop, Turkey'University of Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart, Fisheries Faculry, i7100 Çanakkale, Turkey

l ••..ahinfth:u. Qmail.\....',)!11. ~. lcvcnıbat;u,i::.11lail.coın. ı: IUndaUs.tun(:::rgmail.com d hh,a: jımis-~.chr)tm~1i1.coın . .:zekı ",ebi fincİ(([ ht){ Illa il .•..om

Key words: Phytoplankton, composition, distribution, southem Black Sea172 taxa - 103 Bacillariophyta, 52 Dinophyta, 12 Chlorophyta, 3 Cyanophyta and 2 Chrysophytahave been determinate by researchers in Southem Black Sea until 1995. 155 taxa - i taxa ofCyanophyceae, 65 taxa ofDinophyceae, 4 taxa of Dictyochophyceae, 33 taxa of Bacillariophyceae,iO taxa of Prymnesiophyceae, i species of Euglenophyceae and i species of Acantharea have beenadded as a new record to the existing species by means of studies conducted betweeu 1995 -2000.Only 6 taxa of Bacillaıiophyceae have be en given as a new record for Turkish coast after 2000. Asa result, 294 Phytoplankton species consisting 80.1 % of diatorns (48.3%) and dinoflagellates (39.8)determirıed on Turkish Southem Black Sea coast by conducted studies up to now.The most important change observed within iO years is the fast development of dinoflagellates andother micro-nanoplanktorı species rather than diatorns. The increase in the ratio of dinof1agellatescould be related to the change in nutrient balance in addition to the teınperature regimc of theseawater. In the present study, impacts of climatic changes on phytoplaııkton dynamics wereinvestigated in the southem Black Sea.

65

Session 2. Black Sea Eecsystem responses to climate changeTHE VISIBLE DECLlNE OF LIMPET. PATELLA CAERULEA LlNNAEUS. 1758. A BIOMONITOR SPECIES. AT THE SINOP PENINSULA

AND VICINITY (THE SOUTHERN BLACK SEA. TURKEY) (Mehmet Çulha. Levent Bat)

THEYISIBLE DECUNE: OFLIMPET, PATELLA CAE'RULEA LINNARUS. 1758, A'BJOM,0NITOR S'PECIES"AI THE S~?P PEN1NSUL~ AND VTCINI~Y (THESOUTHERN BLACK SEA, TUR:I\EYht· ,>, ' ••

,Jt:., 'li.,., .,., ,_._. ,,,""· __:'·~_."";. ~~.,".,",,C •• ,,'

Mehmet Çulha, Levent Bat

lnstitutions: Sinop University, Fisheries Faculty, Department of Hydrobiology

Due to their economic and ecological importance, as well as sedentary life, molluscs have assumeda major role in monitoring contaminants worldwide, Theyare abundant, sedentary and easy tocollect, makes them ideal for biornonitoring. Lirnpets are important structuring agents of irıtertidalassemblages, controlling distribution of algae, bulldozing smail sessile animals, or consumingsessile and mobile prey. Theyare frequently limited in their distribution by specific microhabitats,many of which may be absent from constructed habitats, Studies on this species at Sinop peninsulahave been evaulated and adeeline of limpets was determined. Also, probable reasons for the declineof limpets were studied İn this researclı.

Murat Sezg;~ı, Levent Batı, Tuncer Katağan", A. Suat Ateş'

i) Sinop University Fisheries Faculty Hydrobiology Department TR57000 SinoprrURKEY2) Ege University Fisheries Faculty Hydrobiology Department TR35100 Bornova, İzmirrrURKEY

3) Çanakkale Onsekizmart University Fisheries Faculty Hydrobiology Department TRI 7000ÇanakkalerrURKEY

Key words: Climate change, Mediterranization, Benthos, the Black Sea.Occurrence and distribution of the species in the Black Sea are prirnarly determined by seawatertemperature and salinity. The most recent predictions suggest that, by 2 i00, average airtemperatures may be between 2 and 4 "C higher than at present and seawater temparatures may beas mueh as 2 'C higher than in 2000. The rise of the coastal zone seawater temperature may behigher than the open sea water average (Hiscock et al., 200 I).It is expected that a warming of air and seawater temperatures will result in increased diversity ofbenthic marine life in the Black Sea with adverse effects limited rnainly to declines in abundance orloss of a smail number of native species. Changes to a minority of biotopes rnight occur in the longterrn,Depending on the temperature inerease Mediterranization of the Black Sea fauna is in progress andoccurs owing to immigration of new species.Aim of this article is discussing of global warming and the range of likely effects on marine berıthicspecies. These effects may be related to changing water temperatures, changing water circulation orchanging habitat. At present, to predict or detect the effects of elimate change on marine benthiccommunities are quite difficult. But we can only provide educated guesses about potential changesand the consequences of those changes for the Black Sea.

29

2nd BTANNUAL AND BLACK SEA SCENE EC PROJECT JOlNT CONFERENCE

resistance to an antibiotic, that substance may become useless in the treatment of infectious diseasescaused by that pathogen. Antibiotic resistant bacteria may enter marine environrnents via ballastwater, effluents and land runoff. Traditiorıally, total colifomıs and thermotolerant coliforms havebeen most widely used as indicators of bacterial contamination in marine environments. Thebacteria belonging to Enterobacteriaceae family may enter the marine environment viaanthropological factors such as domestic and industrial wastes and marine transportation. With anaim to detect and compare indirect influences of bacterial pollution and negative environmentalcorıditions related to antibiotic resistant strains, the frequency of some beta-Iactam antibioticsresistance of members of the Enterobacteriaceae familyand the levels of indicator bacteria wereinvestigated in sea water samples taken from the westem part of the Black Sea, Turkey. Watersamples were taken into sterile 250 mL flasks to deterınine the level of coliform and faecal coliformbacteria using the membrane fıltration (Millipore) techniques. M-Endo and m-FC agar were usedfor viable counts. The bacteria belonging to Enterobacteriaceae members were identifıed usingbiochemical tests (APı 20E, BioMerieux). E. coli (the major species within the thermotolerantgroup of colifonns), Klebsiella spp., Citrobacter freundii, Proteus vulgaris and Enterobacter cloacaewere used for the beta-Iactam antibiotie resistance test. The percentage of chesen bacteria in thesamples which exhibited antibiotic resistanee was measured on Nutrient Agar plates supplernentedwitlı Imipenern (10 ug/rnl.), Arnpicilliru l O ug/rnl.), Cefotaxim (30 ug/rnl.), Ceftriaxon (30 ug/ml)and Ceftazidim (10 ug/rnl.) media. When we compare our indicator bacteria fındings in 2006 and2007 witlı our previous study, whieh Iıad beerı done for the fırst time in i998 and i999, the levels ofindicator bacteria were found to be Iıigher. The frequencies of resistance of the isolates were foundto be highly resistant to Arnpicillin and Imiperıem. The results also indicate that the resistant strainswhich were isolated from sea water samples of the western region of the Black Sea, Turkey havebeen inereasing with time. The increase in resistant strains and the coliform bacteria counts wereassociated with negative erıvironmental conditions.

ibss({;lp(Jco,net

Hasan Hüseyin Satılınışı .a, Levent Bat2,b, Funda Üsrünz,c, Fatih Şahin2,d, Zekiye Birinci Özdeınir2,e

Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Ürıiv.

In this study, we have investigated the changes of qualitative and quantitative compositiorı of fısheggs and larvae in the southem Black Sea since 1999. These data has been evaluated with respect tochanging clirnatic conditions.

Irina Kulakova

Odessa Branch of Institute of Biology ofSouthem Seas National of AcademyofSeienees 0'[ Ukraine37, Pushkinskaya Sr., Odessa 65125, Ukraine

Key words: nernatofauna, taxocene structure, environment, rnultifactor statistical analysisThe present state of the fauna of free-living netnatodes of the marine part of the Ukrainian DanubeDelta has been described. Nernatofauna of the estuarine part of the Danube is represented by 46

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