Does Your Device Deliver the High Speed Data Throughput Promise of LTE
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Transcript of Does Your Device Deliver the High Speed Data Throughput Promise of LTE
Copyright © 2011 Agilent Technologies
2011 Greater insight.
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Copyright © 2011 Agilent Technologies
Does your device deliver the high-speed data throughput promise of LTE?
Copyright © 2011 Agilent Technologies
2011 Greater insight.
Greater confidence.
Introducing
Data Throughput
Testing
with the
Agilent PXT
(E6621A)
Wireless Communications
Test Set for LTE
Copyright © 2011 Agilent Technologies
2011 Greater insight.
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Agenda
• PXT overview
• Test configurations for RF, protocol and application test
• Data throughput tests
• Summary
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Wireless Technology Trends & Opportunities
Trends
• Demand for new high-speed
data-intensive applications
fuelling drive to 4G
• Multiple radio technologies in
one device -- backward
compatibility with legacy
networks to allow phased roll-
out
• Increasing complexity of wireless
technologies
• Fierce competition to get
innovative devices to market
faster
• Customers expecting more
functionality at lower cost
Opportunities
• Hit key wireless technology
windows
• Offer integrated components and
devices that support multiple
technologies
• Find new ways to get to market
faster
• Find new ways to lower costs
• Standardized interfaces to give
device manufacturers more
component choice
Agilent Response
• Actively participate on wireless
standards bodies & industry
forums
• Work with industry-leading
customers to bring new
technologies to market earlier
• Multi-format solutions that
simplify design & test of complex
devices
• Integrated design simulation and
test to reduce cost, time and risk
• Cost-effective test solutions with
scalable performance
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0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Mill
ion
s o
f un
its
Annual Handset Shipments by Technology
WiMAX
LTE
TD-SCDMA
HSDPA
WCDMA
EDGE
GPRS
GSM
cdma2000 1xEV-DO
cdma2000
CDMA
other 1G/2G
Handset Shipments by Technology
3G (W-CDMA, HSPA, cdma2000, 1xEV-DO, TD-SCDMA) handsets were about 33% of total in 2009 growing to 75% of total
in 2015.
4G (LTE, WiMAX) is forecasted to be 5% of total in 2015.
Source: Deutsche Bank, March 2010
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Flexible
Channel
Bandwidths
SPEED!
Spectral Efficiency
3-4x HSDPA (downlink)
2-3x HSUPA (uplink)
Latency
Idle active < 100 ms
Small packets < 5 ms
Downlink peak data rates
(64QAM)
Antenna
config.SISO
2x2
MIMO
4x4
MIMO
Peak data
rate Mbps100 172.8 326.4
Uplink peak data rates
(Single antenna)
Modulation QPSK16
QAM
64
QAM
Peak data
rate Mbps50 57.6 86.4
MHz
1.4
3
5
10
15
20
LTE at a glance!
Multiple Input Multiple Output
MIMOOptimized: 0–15 km/h
High performance: 15-120
km/h
Functional: 120–350 km/h
Under consideration:
350–500 km/h
Mobility
Nov 2004 LTE/SAE High level requirements
Reduced cost per bit
More lower cost services with
better user experience
Flexible use of new and existing
frequency bands
Simplified lower cost network with open
interfaces
Reduced terminal complexity and reasonable
power consumption
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Photo / Movie
Capture and share
Mobile
PaymentNews
Music
Downloads
Travel
Navigation
Net Shopping
Ringtone
Entertainment
Sports
Interactive
Gaming
Chat
Navigation
Position Location
Global Roaming
Mobile phone? Call, text and all this . . .
Social
Networking
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So, what happens if . . .
• You lose the connection?
• The connection speed changes?
• There’s a big delay?
• A new application runs on its own, but doesn’t run correctly
when another one is already running?
• Another process (eg voice call) interrupts a data transfer?
• Different processes happen at the same time?
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Testing the User Experience
• Expected performance
• Similar experience to home broadband (up to 20Mbps downlink, 5Mbps
uplink)
• Immediate response – no lag (especially for voice and video calling)
• Application pages formatted for device screen
• Seamless network (any application, anywhere)
• First impressions determine success
• Huge growth in smartphone segment
• Fierce competition for user acceptance
• “Poor” = churn (keep customers loyal)
• Customer will blame network operator for any problems
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“Network in a Box” development test solutions
Fully Featured LTEBest 2G/3.5G Capability
8960 (E5515C) PXT (E6621A)
Targeted solutions optimized for development phase testing
•The most comprehensive coverage of 2G, 3G &
3.5G wireless standards
•12 years of continuous enhancements... And
many more to come!
•Use the 8960 and PXT together for LTE-2G/3G handovers, or separately for
maximum asset utilization
•2G/3G to LTE handovers are best emulated as a two-box solution that can
emulate two complete cells, similar to real-world conditions
•Full R&D solution coverage (RF on a call, protocol
test, end-to-end application test)
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PXT Feature Summary
Xyz
Feature Capability
Band support I – XIV, XVII-XX
Duplexing FDD, TDD (under development)
Bandwidth 1.4*, 3*, 5, 10, 15*, 20MHz
IP Data Throughput Category 3 DL E2E IP
Spec revision Dec 08, Marc 09, July 09 , Dec 09
Tx mode SISO, Tx Div, OL MIMO, CL MIMO
Interfaces RF, analog baseband IQ, external triggering
No. of cells 2 DL MIMO LTE cells in one instrument (within channel bandwidth)*
Logging External multi-layer logging (separate product)
Fading Can be configured for either external RF or baseband IQ fading
No. of DL MIMO streams 2
RF Measurements RF Measurements as per 36.521-1, sections 6,7 (more planned)
Automation Via LAN connection using a .DLL or GPIB* using scpi strings
* Requires further testing
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Agenda
• PXT overview
• Test configurations for RF, protocol, application test
• Data throughput tests
• Summary
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RF test
UE
DL
UL
Single Input Single Output (SISO)Connect the UE antenna directly to the RF1 Input / Output connector. If the UE has
receive diversity antennas, connect both to RF1 Input / Output via a power combiner.
Downlink Transmit Diversity and
Multiple Input Single Output (MISO)Connect RF1 Input / Output and RF2 Output
to the UE via a power combiner.
Downlink Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO)Connect RF1 Input / Output to the UE primary receive antenna. Connect RF 2 Output
to the UE secondary receive antenna.
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Protocol test
PDCP
RLC
MAC
PHY
RF
UE
IP RRC
PDCP
RLC
MAC
PHY
IPRRC
RRC
• L3 scenarios scripted using Message Editor software
• Supports testing functional features
• Extendable to handover and IRAT testing
NAS
NAS NAS
Protocol Logging and Analysis
Software (N6061A)
DL
UL
Message Editor Software
(N6062A)
Script Layer 3 RRC/NAS
scenarios
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N6070A-series Signaling Conformance Test(also known as PCT)
Upper layer control is disabled in the unit, and replaced
by an API used by the TTCN-3 software
Protocol Logging and
Analysis Software
(N6061A) running on a PC
N6070A-series LTE Signaling Conformance
Test Software (TTCN3 script)
TTCN test script
TRI PDCP
RLC
MAC
PHY
RF
RRC
PDCP
RLC
MAC
PHY
IPIP IP
NAS
RRC
NAS UE
DL
UL
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End-to-end application test (Ping, UDP, FTP, Video)
IP
MAC (ethernet)
PHY
IP
MAC (ethernet)
PHY
Ethernet
IP network
Application Server PC
PDCP
RLC
MAC
PHY
RF
IP RRC
PDCP
RLC
MAC
PHY
IPRRC IP IPRRC
RRC
Protocol Logging and Analysis
Software (N6061A)
NAS
NAS NAS
UE
DL
UL
Message Editor Software
(N6062A)
Script Layer 3 RRC/NAS
scenarios
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Protocol Logging (N6061A)
LTE protocol logging and
analysis are essential tools for
debugging interoperability
issues inevitable with evolving
radio technologies such as LTE.
Even relatively simple tests
such as UE attach can become
frustrating without the tools to
adequately debug and resolve
issues
• Real time logging and post capture analysis of all layers from L1 to NAS.
• Message filtering - sort data by protocol layer
• View detailed decodes down to bit level
• Application programming interface (API, future)
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Message Editor (N6062A)
LTE message editor is a highly flexible
tool for configurability of layer 3 messages
(RRC and NAS). It provides detailed
parameter control offering far more
flexibility than a normal one-box tester.
• Create and modify scenario files for download into the PXT
• Complete control over all settings including system, network and base station information
• Send erroneous messages to test UE responses
• Easy to use, with intuitive tree menu structure for message management
• Share scenarios during collaborative test development and for faster troubleshooting
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Agenda
• PXT overview
• Test configurations for RF, protocol, application test
• Data throughput tests
• Summary
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Equipment setup
Wired LAN connections Ethernet hub
E6621A PXT
License Key(s)
UE under test
Optional second
connection for
MIMO test
USB connection to client PC
Optional N6061A Protocol Logging
and Analysis Software and
N6062A Message Editor Software
Application Server PC
Optional UE client PC
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Agenda
• PXT overview
• Test configurations for RF, protocol, application test
• Data throughput tests
• Summary
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PXT Solutions Summary
RF measurements
• Tx power
• EVM
• Rx performance
• ACLR, OBW, SEM
• Timing error
etc
Data servers
• SMS
• Voice
• ftp
• IP Throughput
Developer tools
• Protocol Logging
• L3 message editor
eNodeB Cell Control
• Band, channel
• Downlink channel power
• System information
• RF bandwidths 1.4to 20MHz
IP Data Pipe
End-to-End
Software and Technical
Support contract providing:
•Software updates to provide new
capability as the LTE standards
continue to mature and evolve
•An enhanced technical support
model
•Annual renewal
Remote Interface
GPIB, LAN (via .dll)
Interfaces
• RF
• Analog I/Q
I-RAT Handover
• LTE to LTE
• LTE to other formats
(using 8960 and PXT)
Transmission Modes
• SISO
• OL DL MIMO (2x2)
• CL DL MIMO (2x2)
• Tx diversity
Signaling Conformance Test (aka PCT)
• Validated test cases
• Customizable protocol test
• Regression testing
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Demonstration
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Turn off Windows Firewall
You will need to turn off Windows Firewall in both application
server and client PCs to ensure communication is not blocked
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Setting IP addresses
App Server
PCPXT
Logging and
analysis PC
IP 192.168.1.230 192.168.1.60 192.168.1.135
Subnet
Mask 255.255.255.0 255.255.255.0 255.255.255.0
Gateway 192.168.1.60 192.168.1.230 192.168.1.60
Setting the PXT IP
address
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Establishing the UE connection (1)
Press PRESET, Preset to return the instrument to its power-on
state
Press FREQ and set the uplink and downlink frequencies to
match your device
Press BSE, MODE SETUP, MORE 2/2, Phy Setup, and set the
CFI to 1
Press BSE, MODE SETUP and set EPC (Evolved Packet Core)
to Embed. Ensure the the EPC block in the upper right of the
main display is illuminated
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Establishing the UE connection (2)
Load the Scenario File that matches the attributes of your
device. Press BSE, MODE SETUP, Call Scenario, Load and
choose the file you need from the list. When the file is loaded,
the filename will appear in the “Base Station Emulator
Information” section of the display.
Press BSE, MODE and set the Emulator Mode to Run.
On the UE, or UE client control interface PC, initiate the
connection.
On the PXT screen, the CON and EPC icons in the BSE status
block illuminate when the connection is complete.
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Establishing the UE connection (3)
In both the UE Client PC and Application Server PC in turn,
open a command window and use the “ping” command to
check that a data connection exists and is accessable.
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Raw data throughput test (1)using “iperf” (downloadable, freeware)
The following sets up a data throughput of 100Mbps:
On the PXT, set the BSE, MODE SETUP, MORE 2/2, Phy
Settings, DL Resource Allocation configuration to
Resource Allocation Mode Auto, and set the I_MCS and
RB Size to match your scenario file attributes.
On the UE Client PC, launch the Windows Command Prompt.
Go to the directory where the IPERF program is installed, and
then type the following command:
C:\{directory path}> iperf -s -i1 -u -l10000 -w20m
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Raw data throughput test (2)
On the Application Server PC, launch the Windows Command
Prompt. Go to the directory where IPERF program is
installed, and then type the following command:
C:\{directory path}> iperf -c{host IP address} -u -i1 –l{pkt
size} -t600 –b{rate in Mbps}m -w20m
where:
-c{host IP address} is the address of the client UE
(192.168.1.51)
-l{pkt size} is the message packet size in bytes (2900)
-b{rate in Mbps} is the date rate (102)
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Raw data throughput test (3)
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Video streamingusing VLC from VLAN (downloadable, freeware)
On the Application Server PC, run the VLC application.
In the main menu, select “Streaming” from the Media tab.
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Video streaming (2)
On the File tab, click the Add button to add a local video file to
be streamed.
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Video streaming (3)
Open the “File” drop-down menu, select the "UDP" option and
click Add.
Enter the IP address allocated to the UE (192.168.1.51). Set the
port number to 1234. Uncheck the “Active Transcoding”
option.
Click Stream to begin streaming the video
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Video streaming (4)
On the UE Client PC, run the VLC Media Player.
From the top menu, select “Open Network Stream” from the
Media tab
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Video streaming (5)
Enter the following URL udp://:1234 (the port number)
Click Play to play the video stream
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VoIP testusing the Brekeke SIP server (downloadable, license required)
and X-lite VoIP client (downloadable, freeware)
SIP server setup
Log on to the SIP server (user=sa, password=sa) and create 2
new accounts
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Set up the softphone clients
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Each client is registered in the SIP Server
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Make a call
Create a softphone contact
user2@ipaddress:portnumber in
the Application Server X-lite client
([email protected]:10051)
Create a softphone contact
user1@ipaddress:portnumber in
the Client PC X-lite client
([email protected]:10230)
Double click the contact name in either PC to make a call
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Call connected
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Appendix
• LTE attributes
• iperf command list
• 3GPP specification references
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LTE Channel Bandwidths
Channel bandwidth
[MHz] for LTE FDD1.4 3 5 10 15 20
Number of resource
blocks6 15 25 50 75 100
Number of sub-
carriers72 180 300 600 900 1200
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LTE Downlink and Uplink Signals
DL signals Full name Modulation sequence Purpose
P-SS Primary synchronizationsignal
One of 3 Zadoff-Chu sequences
Used for cell search and identification by the UE; carries part of the cell ID (one of 3 orthogonal sequences)
S-SS Secondary synchronizationsignal
Two 31-bit BPSK M-sequence
Used for cell search and identification by the UE; carries the remainder of the cell ID (one of 168 binary sequences)
RS Reference signal (pilot)
Complex I+jQ pseudo random sequence (length-31 Gold
sequence) derived from cell ID
Used for DL channel estimation; exact sequence derived from cell ID, (one of 3 * 168 = 504 pseudo random sequences)
UL signals
DM-RS Demodulation reference signal
uth root Zadoff-Chu Used for synchronization to the UE and UL channel estimation
S-RS Sounding reference signal
Based on Zadoff-Chu
Used to monitor propagation conditions with UE
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LTE Downlink Channels
DL
channelsFull name Modulation format Purpose
PBCH Physical broadcast
channel
QPSK Carries cell-specific information
PDCCH Physical downlink
control channel
QPSK Scheduling, ACK/NACK
PDSCH Physical downlink
shared channel
QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM Payload
PMCH Physical multicast
channel
QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM Payload for multimedia
broadcast multicast service
(MBMS)
PCFICH Physical control
format indicator
channel
QPSK Carries information about the
number of PDCCH OFDMA
symbols per
sub-frame (1, 2, or 3)
PHICH Physical hybrid ARQ
indicator channel
BPSK with I
& Q CDM
Carries the hybrid-ARQ ACK/NAK
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LTE Uplink Channels
UL
channelsFull name Modulation format Purpose
PRACH Physical
random access
channel
uth root
Zadoff-Chu
Call setup
PUCCH Physical uplink
control
channel
On/Off Keying
BPSK,QPSK
Scheduling, ACK/NACK
PUSCH Physical uplink
shared channel
QPSK, 16 QAM, 64
QAM
Payload
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iperf command list(type iperf –h)
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3GPP specification references
iperf settings for I_MCS, Resource Allocation and RB size:
Refer to 3GPP specifications 36.213 Tables 7.1.7.1-1 and
&.1.7.2.1-1 and 36.306 Table 4.1-1.