DOE Solid State Lighting Status and Future · Source: Building Technology Program Core Databook,...

James R. Brodrick, Ph.D.U.S. Dept. Of Energy

SPIE Annual Meeting 2004Conference 5530, Room 102

August 3, 2004

1

DOE Solid State LightingStatus and Future

SPIE 49th Annual MeetingDenver, Colorado

James R. Brodrick, Ph.D.US Department of Energy

Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable EnergyBuilding Technologies Program

August 3, 2004

3 Opportunity

2 DOE Project Portfolio and Successes

1 Setting the Context

Table of Contents



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2

Site Electricity Consumption

Source: Building Technology Program Core Databook, August 2003. http://buildingsdatabook.eren.doe.gov/frame.asp?p=tableview.asp&TableID=509&t=xls

U.S. Buildings Energy End-Use Breakdown, 2001

Space Heating10%

Lighting30%

Water Heating9%

Space Cooling17%

Refrigeration11%

Electronics9%

Appliances7%

Ventilation4%

Computers3%

Space Heating27%

Lighting21%

Water Heating14%

Space Cooling12%

Refrigeration8%

Computers2%

Ventilation3%

Appliances7%

Electronics6%

Total Primary Energy (all fuels)

2390 TWh 37.6 quads

Residential Buildings

27%

Commercial Buildings

51%

Industrial14%

Outdoor Stationary

8%

Quantity of primary energy consumed to provide electricity for lighting.

8.2 quads

Fluorescent41%

HID17% Incandescent

42%

8.2 quads

U.S. Energy Consumption for Lighting, 2001

Source: U.S. Lighting Market Characterization Volume I — National Lighting Inventory and Energy Consumption Estimate, Navigant Consulting, September 2002.



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3

Historical Efficacy Improvement of White-Light Sources

0102030405060708090

100

1860 1880 1900 1920 1940 1960 1980 2000 2020

Sour

ce E

ffica

cy(lu

men

s / W

att)

Edison Lamp

Gas-filledLamp

MercuryVapor Fluorescent

Mercury Vapor

MetalHalide

T-8 lampT-12 ES

Metal HalideT-12 fluorescent

Source efficacy (2003)• Incandescent (75W) ~13 lm/W• Fluorescent (T8) ~83 lm/W• HID (Metal Halide) ~100 lm/W

Normalized retail lamp price (2003)• Incandescent (75W) ~0.60 $/klm

• Fluorescent (T8) ~0.73 $/klm

• HID (Metal Halide) ~1.27 $/klm

Typical Light Sources Today



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Examples of SSL Applications Today

Source efficacy (2003)• Incandescent (75W) ~13 lm/W• Fluorescent (T8) ~83 lm/W• HID (Metal Halide) ~100 lm/W• SSL (White LED) ~20 lm/W

Normalized retail lamp price (2003)• Incandescent (75W) ~0.60 $/klm

• Fluorescent (T8) ~0.73 $/klm

• HID (Metal Halide) ~1.27 $/klm

• SSL (White LED) ~250.00 $/klm

Research is is improving SSL efficacy while decreasing price

Efficiency and Cost of White Light Sources



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5

Accelerated R&D for White Light SSL

Acc

eler

ated

Sol

idSt

ate

Ligh

ting

R&

D

0

25

50

75

100

125

150

175

200

1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030

MetalHalide

T-8 lampT-12 ES

MonoOLED

T-12 fluorescent MonoLED

White Light SSL

Effi

cacy

(lum

ens

per w

att)

SSL Research Facets to Achieve White Light



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3 Opportunity



Table of Contents

1. Emphasize Competitively Placed Awards

2. Cost (and Risk) Sharing – Exceeding EPACT Requirements

3. Partners Involved in Planning and Funding

4. Targeted Research for Focused Need

5. Innovative Intellectual Property Provisions

6. Open Information and Process

7. Success determined by milestones met and ultimately energy

efficient, long-life and cost-competitive products developed

Guiding Principles of SSL Portfolio



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SSL Program Planning• Industry, national laboratories, and academics participate in R&D

agenda planning process– Oct 2000, Albuquerque, NM. LEDs for general illumination.– Nov 2000, Berkeley, CA. OLEDs for general illumination. – Apr 2002, Berkeley, CA. OLED technical workshop to refine targets, challenges

and approaches.– May 2002, Albuquerque, NM. LED technical workshop to refine targets,

challenges and approaches.– Nov 2003, Crystal City, VA. Planning workshop on LEDs and OLEDs to review

and prioritize DOE’s SSL R&D portfolio

• Stakeholder consultation and participation are integral to the SSL R&D agenda planning process

• Workshop reports are available online: http://www.netl.doe.gov/ssl/

• High degree of stakeholder interest– 2003 solicitations, ~ 100

applications received

– Similar levels of interest in 2004

• Over 25 active research projects– See report from November 2003

– New projects added to portfolio

– Projects completed

Research Project Summary



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• Investigate critical materials issues

• Use of semiconductornanoparticles ("quantum dots") as luminescent down-converting materials for white LEDs.

• Nanoparticles achieved quantum efficiencies up to 76 percent, a world record.

Sample Results: Lumileds and Sandia National Laboratory

• Practical-sized OLED light panel that produces white-light

• Targeted 1200 lumens of qualitywhite light with an efficacy of 15 lumens per watt

• Specification similar to today’s incandescent lamp technology

• Broke two world records

Sample Results: General Electric and Cambridge Display Technologies



August 3, 2004

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• Improve LED package efficiency and brightness through the development of new structures and materials

• Produced the most efficacious white-light LED laboratory device at 74 lumens per watt

• On par with some fluorescent lighting systems and more than four times more efficient than incandescent sources

Sample Results: Cree Lighting Company

3 Opportunity



Table of Contents



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10

DOE Funding Opportunities

DOE Funding Opportunities• Office of Science, Annual Solicitation Process

http://www.science.doe.gov/grants/Fr04-01.html• Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Science

Initiativehttp://www.naseo.org/stac/

• Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Energy Efficient Building Equipment and Envelope Technologies IVhttp://www.netl.doe.gov/business/

• Office of Science, Small Business Innovation Researchhttp://sbir.er.doe.gov/sbir

• Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy / States, StateTechnologies Advancement Collaborative (STAC)http://www.naseo.org/stac/default.htm

• Office of Industrial Technology, Inventions and Innovationhttp://www.oit.doe.gov/inventions/solicitations.shtml



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Jan 2004Jan 2004 Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Program

Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Program

Feb 2004Feb 2004 Core Technology: Lab Call for Applied ResearchCore Technology: Lab Call for Applied Research

Mar 2004Mar 2004 Core Technology: Industry Solicitation for Applied Research

Core Technology: Industry Solicitation for Applied Research

May 2004May 2004 Product Development: Industry SolicitationProduct Development: Industry Solicitation

May 2004May 2004 SSL Partnership SolicitationSSL Partnership Solicitation

Recent / Current Solicitations

Future Events

• Solicitations and Meetings

– Sept 2004: SBIR Solicitation

– Jan – Feb 2005: SSL Program Planning Meeting

– 2005: Core Technology Solicitation

– 2005: Product Development Solicitation

• Website: http://www.netl.doe.gov/ssl



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Illuminating Ideas

• DOE engages community in an

open, competitive process

• Sharing of risk

• Initial R&D projects produced success

• Improve price and performance of

white light SSL devices

• National energy security and benefits

DOE Solid State Lighting Status and Future · Source: Building Technology Program Core Databook,...

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