DOCUMENT RESUME - ERICED 056 796 TITLE INSTITUTION SPONS AGENCY PUB DATE NOTE AVAILABLE FROM...

67
ED 056 796 TITLE INSTITUTION SPONS AGENCY PUB DATE NOTE AVAILABLE FROM DOCUMENT RESUME 32 RC 5 695 California Plan for the Education of migrant Children. Evaluation Report: July 1, 1969 - June 30, 1970. Califorlda State Dept. of Education, Sacramento. Bureau of Community Services and Mi7rant Education. Office of Education (DHEW), Washington, D.C. Office of Programs for the Disadvantaged. 70 62p. Sureau of Community Services and Migrant Education, Division of Compensatory Education, California state Department of Education, 1500 5th Street, Sacramento, California 95814 EDRS PRICE MF-$0.65 HC-$3.29 DESCPIPTORS Community Involvement; *Evaluation; Financial Support; Information Dissemination; Interstate Programs; *Migrant Child Education; *Program Descriptions; *Program Effectiveness; Services; *State Programs IDENTIFIERS California ABSTRACT California's efforts to meet the educational needs of migrant children during the 1970 fiscal year are described in this evaluation report. The California Plan provides (1) supplementary educational services by regional components to migrant children in impacted school districts, (2) particular types of services by multi-regional components, and $3) statewide and interstate activities to assure continuity and coordination of educational services to migrant children. Techniques used to collect subjective data on program effectiveness inicuded questionnaires, oninio. anecdotal records, rating soA_es, diaries, and intervi Information was obtained on such factors as teacher att--Aes ,_oward migrant children, workshop effectiveness, teacher estimates of pupil growth, effectiveness of paraprofessional personnel, and suitability of materials and methods employed in the programs. It is noted that, of an estimated 80,000 school-aged children defined as migrants, 48,376 received services with 1970 funds. In addition, almost 28,000 migrant children were screened for various health defects, of which 10,607 children received medical treatment. Although no new programs were introduced during the 1970 fiscal year, services were extended to children in an additional 13 school districts. Related documents are ED 020 831, ED 028 001, and ED 053 858. (JH)

Transcript of DOCUMENT RESUME - ERICED 056 796 TITLE INSTITUTION SPONS AGENCY PUB DATE NOTE AVAILABLE FROM...

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ED 056 796

TITLE

INSTITUTION

SPONS AGENCY

PUB DATENOTEAVAILABLE FROM

DOCUMENT RESUME

32 RC 5 695

California Plan for the Education of migrantChildren. Evaluation Report: July 1, 1969 - June 30,

1970.Califorlda State Dept. of Education, Sacramento.Bureau of Community Services and Mi7rantEducation.Office of Education (DHEW), Washington, D.C. Officeof Programs for the Disadvantaged.7062p.Sureau of Community Services and Migrant Education,Division of Compensatory Education, California stateDepartment of Education, 1500 5th Street, Sacramento,California 95814

EDRS PRICE MF-$0.65 HC-$3.29DESCPIPTORS Community Involvement; *Evaluation; Financial

Support; Information Dissemination; InterstatePrograms; *Migrant Child Education; *ProgramDescriptions; *Program Effectiveness; Services;*State Programs

IDENTIFIERS California

ABSTRACTCalifornia's efforts to meet the educational needs of

migrant children during the 1970 fiscal year are described in this

evaluation report. The California Plan provides (1) supplementaryeducational services by regional components to migrant children in

impacted school districts, (2) particular types of services bymulti-regional components, and $3) statewide and interstateactivities to assure continuity and coordination of educationalservices to migrant children. Techniques used to collect subjective

data on program effectiveness inicuded questionnaires, oninio.anecdotal records, rating soA_es, diaries, and interviInformation was obtained on such factors as teacher att--Aes ,_oward

migrant children, workshop effectiveness, teacher estimates of pupil

growth, effectiveness of paraprofessional personnel, and suitability

of materials and methods employed in the programs. It is noted that,

of an estimated 80,000 school-aged children defined as migrants,

48,376 received services with 1970 funds. In addition, almost 28,000migrant children were screened for various health defects, of which

10,607 children received medical treatment. Although no new programs

were introduced during the 1970 fiscal year, services were extendedto children in an additional 13 school districts. Related documents

are ED 020 831, ED 028 001, and ED 053 858. (JH)

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U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH.EDUCATION & WELFAREOFFICE OF EDUCATION

THIS DOCUMENT HAS BEEN REPRO-DUCED EXACTLY AS RECEIVED I-ROMTHE PERSON OR ORGANIZATION ORIG-INATING IT POINTS OF VIEW OR OPIN-IONS STATED DO NOT NECESSARILYREPRESENT OFFICIAL OFFICE OF EDU-CATION POSITION OR POLICY

CALIFORNIA PLAN F JR THE 'p,':DUCATIONOF MIGRANT CHILDREN

evaluation repol

1970

>". p, Tr/ VETle Nov .w

1977

NgC

TO-TV

'LAN DE CALIFORNIA PARA LA EDUCACIONDE NONOS MIGRANTES

evaluacion anual

1970

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CALIFORNIA PLANFOR THE

EDUCATION OF MIGRANT CHILDREN

Authorized Under Public Law 89-750, Title IElementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965

EVALUATION REPORTJuly 1, 1969 - June 30, 1970

Prepared by:Division of Compensatory Education

Bureau of Community ServicesAnd Migrant Education

CALIFORNIA STATE DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATIONWilson Riles

Superintendent of Public InstructionSacramento

Published by:The Office of the Santa Clara County Superintendent of Schools

Glenn W. Hoffmann, Superintendent

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BUREAU OF COMMUNITY SERVICES AND MIGRANT EDUCATION

DIVISION OF COMPENSATORY EDUCATION

CALIFORNIA STATE DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION

ANNUAL EVALUATION

Fiscal Year, 1970

of

CALIFORNIA PLAN FOR THE EDUCATION OF MIGRANT CHILDREN

RAMIRO REYES, Chief

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OFICINA DE SERVICIOS PARA LA COMUNIDAD Y EDUCACION DE MIGRANTES

DIVISION DE EDUCACION COMPENSATORIA

DEPARTAMENTO DE EDUCACION DEL ESTADO DE CALIFORNIA

EVAWACION ANUAL"flo F;

del

PLAN DE CALIFORNIA PARA LA EDUCACION DE NINOS MIGRANTES

RPLMIRO P7YES, Jefe

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TABLE OF COI

PREFACE

DISCRIMINATION PROHIBITED

CALIFORNIA PLAN FOR THE EDUCATION

1

2

OF MIGRANT CHILDREN 3

I. EXEMPLARY PROJECTS 3

CHILDREN SERVED 9

III. GRADE PLACEMENT 11

IV. TEACHER-PUPIL RATIO 11)

V. INTER-RELATIONSHIP WITH THEREGULAR TITLE I PROGRAM 12

VI. COORDINATION WITH OTHER PROGRAM . . 13

VII. INSERVICE TRAINING 16

VIII. NON-PUBLIC SCHOOL PARTICIPATION . 17

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

..... 1 IX . DISSEMINATION OF INFORMATION . . . . 17

CB ITED 2 X . COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT...... . 19

THE EDU( T)N XI . PROGRAM EFFECTIVENESS 20

EN. . . ...... 3IGURE I 22

3XI I . SPECIAL AREAS 23

9TABLE 39 24

NT 11XI II . CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT 25

RAT IO 11XIV . SUPPORTIVE SERVICES . . . . 25

HIP WITH THEpROGRAM 12 XV . PROGRAM INTEGRAT ION . . . . . 25

1TH OTHER PROGRAM . . 13 XVI . STAFF UTIL I ZAT ION 26

.INING 16 XVII . NEW PROGRAMS 27

CHOOL PARTICIPATION . 17 XVII I . PROGRAM CRIT I QUE 27

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INDICE

PREFACIO 1 IX. DIEMINACI

PROHIBICION DE DISCRIMINACION 2 X. PARTICIPACI

PLAN DE CALIFORNIA PARA LA XI. EFICACIA DEDUCACION DE NISIOS MIGRANTES 3

I: PROYECTOS EJEMPLA-2LS. 3

II. NIROS SERVIDOS POR EL PLAN 9

III. COLOCACION DE NIfi-OS EN GRADOS . . . 11

IV. PROPORCION DE MAESTROS-ESTUDIANTES. . 11

V. INTERRELACION CON EL PROGRAMAREGULAR DE T/TULO I 12

VI. COORDINACION CON OTROS PROGRAMAS . 13

VII. ENTRENAMIENTO DURANTE EL SERVICIO . 16

VIII. 'PARTICIPACION DE ESCUELASNO PCBLICAS 17

FIGURA I. .

XII. AREAS ESP

TABLA 39. . . .

XIII. CONSTRUC

XIV. SERVICIOS

XV. INTEGRACIO

XVI. UTILIZACIMIEMBROS

XVII. PROGRAMA

XVIIT. CRITICA

6

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INDICE

1

2

3

IX. DISEMINACION DE INFORMACION

X PARTICIPACION DE LA COMUNIPAD

XI. EFICACIA DEL PROGRAMA

17

19

20

FIGURA I 22

3

XII. AREAS ESPECIALES 23

9TABLA 39 24

kDOS . . 11XIII. CONSTRUCCION EQUIPO. . . 25

DIANTES. . . 11XIV. SERVICIOS DE SOPORTE 25

fA12 XV INTEGRACION EN EL PROGRAMA 25

3RAMAS . . . 13 XVI. UTILIZACION DE LOSMIEMBROS PROFESIONALES 26

SERVICIO . . 16XVII. PW1GRAMAS NUEVOS 27

17 XVIII CRITICA DEL PROGRAMA 27

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PREFACE

This report, written in compliance withFederal requirements, describes Califor-,lia's efforts to satisfy the education-al needs of migrant children during thefiscal year 1970. It is a progress re-port on the types of educational activ-ities implemented under Title I of theElementary and Secondary Education Act,amended in 1966 by Public Law 89-750.Insofar as possible, it chronicles allactivities designed to strengthen edu-cational programs for children whosefamilies follow the crops. The resultsobtained during the period covered bythis reTort are by no means conclusive,however, they reflect an educationalcommitment, an ever increasing profes-sional sophistication and an encourag-ing optimisn on the part of local schooldistricts, county offices and the StateDepartment of Education.

Financial assistance to school districtswhich receive migrant children was ini-tiated in the spring and summer of 1967,and continued and expanded 1968 and

1969. Of an estimated 80,000 school-age children defined as migrants, 48,376received services with 1970 funds.While this number represents only -a

small percentage of the total number ofeligible migrant children in the State,every effort was made, within the limitsof the funds available, to serve thosemost in need of assistance.

The emphasis of the California Plan forthe Education of Migrant Children is,and will continue to be, on meeting themost pressing educational needs of mi-grant children through comprehensive andinnovative programs. The breadth offuture efforts will be limited only bythe availability of financial resources.

Acknowledgment for the preparation ofthis evaluation report is given to Mr.Ralph Benner and Mr. Jack Beckett, Con-sultants in the Bureau of CommunityServices and Migrant Education, Divisionof Compensatory Education. Dissemina-tion of this document to school dis-tricts and other interested agencieswill be accomplished by the Bureau ofCommunity Services and Migrant Educa-tion.

Leo R. Lopez, Associate Superintendentand Chief, Division of Compensatory Education

California State Department of education

Ramiro Reyes, ChiefBureau of CommunitIct: Services and Migrant Education

Division oi Compensatory EducationCalifornia State Department of Education

1

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PREFACIO

Este informe, escrito segfin los requeri-mientos federales, describe los esfuer-zos del Estado de California para satis-facer las necesidades educacionales delos nifios migrantes durante el afio fis-cal 1970. Es un informe sobre el pro-greso que se ha realizado en los variostipos de actividades puestas en ejecu-ciOn bajo el Titulo I del Acta de Educa-ciOn Secundaria, que fue enmendado en1966 por la Ley Pablica 89-750. En loposible, describo todas las actividadesque fueron disehadas para fortificar losprogramas educacionales para los nihosde familias que siguen las cosechas. Losresultados que fueron obtenidos duranteel periodo que abarca este informe noson conclusivos de ninguna manera; sinembargo, reflejan una comisión a la edu-cación, una sofisticaciOn profesionalque va aumentdndose y un optimismo departe de los distritos escolares loca-les, las oficinas del condado y el De-partamento de EducaciOn del Estado.

La ayuda financiera a los distritos es-colares que reciben a los nihos migran-tes se inicii5 en la primavera y el vera-

no de 1967, y se continuaba y se al:taba durante 1968 y 1969. De una EmaciOn de 80.000 nil-1'os de escuelaeran migrantes, 48.376 recibieron SEcios con fondos de 1970. Aunquenilmero representa solamente un porceje del ntimero total de los nihos mictes, en el Estado, se hizo todo elfuerzo posible, dentro de los limitelos fondos aprovechables, para servlos que ma's necesitaban ayuda.

El énfasis del Plan de Californiala EducaciOn de Nihos Migrantes,siempre en llenar las faltas educaciles de los nifios migrantes para provles de los programas comprensivos Enovadores. La liberalidad de losfuerzos futuros se limitar6 solanpor la disponibilidad de los fondos.

El reconocimiento para la preparaciEeste informe se debe al sefior Ralphnner y al setior Jack Beckett, Consultes de la Oficina de Servicios parComunidad y EducaciOn de Migrantes,vision de Educación Compensatoria.diseminación de este documento a

distritos escolares y otras agenciaEteresadas se cumplird por la OficirServicios para la Comunidad y la Edción de Migrantes.

Leo. R. Lopez, Superintendente Asociadoy Jefe de la Division de Educación Compensatoria

Departamento de EducaciOn del Estado de California

Ramiro Reyes, JefeOficina de Servicios para la Comunidad

y Educación de MigrantesDivisión de EducaciOn Compensatoria

Departamento de EducaciOn del Estado de California

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DISCRIMINATION PROHIBITED

Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964states:

"No person in the United Statesshall, on the ground of race,color, or national origin, beexcluded from participation in,be denied the benefits of, orbe subject to discriminationunder any program or activityreceiving Federal financialassistance."

Therefore, the California Plan for theEducation of Migrant Children fundedunder the Elementary and Secondary,Education Act of 1965, Title I, P. L.89-750, like every program or activityreceiving financial assistance from theDepartment of Health, Education, andWelfare, must be operated in compliancewith this law.

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PROHIBICION DE EAIMINACION

Titu10 VI del Acto de Derechos Civilesde 1964, declare que:

"No se puede sujetar a ninguna per-sona en los Estados Unidos de Ame-rica a la discriminaci6n a causa desu raza, color o sitio de origen na-cional; ni se le puede negar la par-ticipaci6n en, 0 los beneficios de,ningan programa o actividad que re-cibe ayuda financiera Federal pordichas causas".

Por lo tanto, el Plan de California parala EducaciOn de Niiios Migrantes, fundadoen el Acta de EducaciOn Elemental y Se-cundaria de 1965, Titulo I, Ley 1:,blica87-750, como todo programa o actividadque recibe ayuda financf_era del Departa-mento de Salud, Educaciem y Bienestar,debe llevarse a cabo de acuerdo con es-ta Ley.

10

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T.

CALIFORNIA PLAN FOR THE EDUCATION OF MIGR

EXEMPLARY PROJECTS

A. The California Plan for theEducation of Migrant Childrenwas the project for the Stateof California under Public Law89-750 for the 1970 fiscal year.

The project was administered bythe State Department of Educa-tion, Division of CompensatoryEducation, to provide supple-mentary educational services tochildren of migrant agriculturalworkers in California. Theproject was implemented with thecooperation of 43 county super-intendents of schools and 197local school districts. Ser-vices were provided for 35,050migrant children during the reg-ular school year, and 13,326children in summer programs.

The California Plan for, theEducation of Migrant Childrenprovided for three forms ofservices:

1. In each of the sevenregions of the State aregional component wasimplemented to providesupplementary educa-tional services to meetthe special educationalneeds of migrant chil-dren in impacted school

CHL 'REN

diricts within the

Mu'ti regional compo-ne:,ts provided partic-ular types of servicesto, migrant children inseveral regions.

3. Statewide and inter-state activities wereimplemented to assurecontinuity and coordi-nation of educationalservices.

The California Plan for theEducation of Migrant Children isexemplary in that it can providean organizational structure ap-plicable to other large migrantstates with large and widelydispersed migrant populations.

Regional Components. The Statewas divided into seven multi-county regions to facilitate theadministration of services inareas with the greatest impac-tion of migrants. Within eachof the regions, one countysuperintendent was designatedthe agent of the State Depart-ment of Education to performcertain specified tasks neces-sary to implement the regionalr'ram. Each of the se-ren

igy _;ounty superintendents--1,0:7-ttecl a proposal for impLe-menting services to migrant

3

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PLAN DE CALIFORNIA PARA LA EDUCACION DE NINOS MIGRANTES

PROYECTOS EJEMPLARES

A. El Plan de California para la E-ducación de Niños Migrantes fueun proyecto para el Estado deCalifornia bajo la Ley Piliblica89-750 para el alio fiscal 1970.

El proyecto fue administrado porel Departamento de Educacitin,Divisift de Educación Compensa-toria, para proveer los servi-cios educacionales suplementa-rios a los nifios de los trabaja-dores agricolas migrantes en Ca-lifornia. El proyecto se nevi3a cabo con la cooperacift de lossuperintendentes de 43 condadosy 197 distritos escolares loca-les. Los servicios fueron pro-vistos para 30.050 niños migran-tes durante el alio escolar regu-lar, y para 13.326 niños en losprogramas de verano.

El Plan de California para la E-ducación de Niftos Migrantes pro-veyö tres tipos de servicio:

1. En cada una de las siete re-giones del Estado se puso enejecucitin un componente paraproveer los servicios educa-cionales suplementarios para

llenar las faltas educacio-nales especiales de los ni-nos migrantes en los distr.-tos escolares de la regioncon nifios migrantes.

2 Los componentes multiregio-nales proveian ciertos tiposde servicios a los niiios mi-grantes de varias regiones.

3 Las actividades para todoel estado y entre estados sellevaron a cabo para ase-gurar la continuidad y lacoordinacift de servicios e-ducacionales.

El Plan de California para la E-ducacitin de Ninos Migrantes esejemplar en lo que provee un mo-delo de la estructura organiza-dora para los otros estados quetienen poblaciones grandes y ex-tensamente dispersadas.

Componentes Regionales. El Estadofue dividido en siete regiones devarios condados para facilitar laadminastraciön de servicios en lasareas con los nameros mas grandes dem±grantes. En cada regibn a un su-perintendente de condado se le de-sign(5 como agente del Departamentode Educacift, para hacer ciertas ta-reas especificas necesarias para

3

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children within the region.

These proposals detailed- the

special educational needs of

migrant children in the region

objectives to be attained in

meeting those needs, and activ-ities to be implemented in reach

ing the objectives. All activ-

ities and services were to be

supplementary to those servicesavailable to migrant childrenthrough other funding sources.

Activities provided were of four

types:

1. Instructional ActivitiesIn - school elemen-tary and secondaryeducation.Preschool educationExtended day educa-tion.Summer school edu-cation.

Instructional activitiesemphasized improvement in

language and mathematics.Language instruction wastailored to the needs of

children and included sup-plemental instruction in

oral language development,English as a second lan-guage, reading and writingof English, and maintenance

1.3

or improvement of firstlanguage skills for chil-dren who spoke a languageother than English. Sup-

plementary instruction in

mathematics was provided,as were tutorial servicesin other subject areas.2. Health and Welfare

ServicesMedical and healthservices.]=.. 1. health ser-

.

Health educaEion.1.virnretional ser-

=.welfare ser-

Health and welfare serviceswere provided to supplementregular services availableto all children. Healthservices included immuniza-tions and screening, fol-lowed by examination anddiagnosis of health prob-lems and remediation of

health defects inimical tothe learning processes ofchildren Welfare servicesincluded assessment andremediation of environmen-tal, social, and psychological factors causing poorschool attendance or lower-ed facility for learning.

4

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llevar a cabo el programa regional.Cada uno de los superintendentes-agentes presentS una proposiciein pa-ra proveer los servicios a los niflosmigrantes en la región. Estas pro-posiciones describieron las necesi-dades educacionales especia3es delos nifios migrantes de la regiön;los objetivos que debian alcanzar enllenar estas necesidades, y las ac-tividades que se deblan llevar a ca-bo en alcanzar estos objetivos. To-das las actividades y todos los ser-vicios iban a ser suplementarios alos servicios que fueron aprovecha-bles a los niflos migrantes por otrosfondos.Las actividades que se provelan erande cuatro tipos:

1. Actividades Instruccionales

EducaciSn elementariay secundaria en la es-cuela.EducacieSn de Pre-es-cuela.Educacift del dia ex-tendido.Educaciein de escuelade verano.

Las actividades instruccio-nales dieron enfasis al me-joramiento en los campos delenguaje y matematicas. Laensehanza de lenguas fuemodificada segfin las nece-sidades de los niños, e in-clup5 enserianza suplementa-ria en el desarrollo oraldel idioma ingles como se-cunda lengua (ESL), el es-

1 ci

cribir y leer del inglés, yel mantenimiento o 7riejora-miento de las habilidadesen la lengua primard paralos nifios de habla Eu otra. La enSenan a su-plementaria en las ateme-ticas fue provists y elservicio tutorial en otroscampos.

2. Serviclos de Saludy "Welfare"

Servicios medicos.Servicios dentales.EducacieSn sobre la Sa-lud.Servicios nutriciona-les.Servicios de bienestarde niflos (Chi)d welfa-re)

Los servicios de "Healthand Welfare" (salud y bie-nestar priblico) fueron pro-vistos para suplementar losservicios regulares que sonaprovechables a todos losniños. Los servicios desanidad incluyen las inmu-nizaciones y seleccionesseguidos por el examen y ladiagnosis de problemas delos factores sociales, psi-cole)gicos y del ambienteque causan la falta de laasistencia a la s.scuela olas dificultades en el a-prendizaje.

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3. Pre- and Inservice Edu-cation of Professionaland Para - ProfessionalPersonn-al

Workshops for teachers,administrators and oth-er professional and nonprofessional personnel.College and universitycourses for teachersand teacher candidates.Practicum in educationof migrant children forexperienced classroomteachers.

Workshops to improve spe-cific skills of profession-al and non - professionalpersonnel in working withmigrant children and to in-crease understanding of themigrant condition and of

migrant families were heldin each region. Many of

these workshops stressedthe methods and techniquesof cooperative service bet-ween professionals and non-professionals. The StateDepartment of Education and

Regional personnel wereinstrumital in gaining thecooperaLion of state col-leges and community col-leges in providing coursesfor teachers and prospec-tive teachers which had

relevance for the teachingof migrant children.

4. Supportive Services

Transportation ser-vices.Recreation services.Family liaison.Provision of person-nel, equipment andsupplies.

Supportive services were

provided in all regions.Transportation of childi.en,and_ where_ necessary, par-ents, to clinics and othermedical and dental facili-ties was provided. Chil-dren were transported onstudy trips that reinforcedinstructional activities.Liaison was maintained withthe community and with mi-grant families primarilythrough employment of cora--munity aides and specialliaison personnel. Most ofthese personnel were bilin-gual and many were migrantsor ex-migrants.

ReCreational programs w(?reprovided as an adjunct toinstructional programs in

the late afternoon andevening. Materials andsupplies were provided forsupplementary programs of

instruction for migrantchildren.

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3. EducaciOn Durante y Antesdel Servicio del PersonalProfesional y Semiprofesio-nal

"Workshops" para los-maestros, administra-dares y otlo personalprofesional y no pro-fesional.Cursos de la universi-dad para los maestrosy candidatos."Practicum" en la edu-cacift de los nihosmigrantes para losmaestros de clase conexperiencia.

En cada region habian work-shops o sesiones de trabajopara mejorar ciertas habi-lidades especificas delpersonal profesional y noprofes1onal en trabajar conlos niHos migrantes, y paraaumentar el entendimientode las condiciones de lasfamilias migrantes. Muchasde estas sesiones ponian6nfasis en los métodos ylas tacnicas del, serviciocooperativos entre los pro-fesionales y personas cua-les no son profesionales.El Departamento de Educa-ciOn del Estado -_-- el perso-nal regional log7aron obte-ner la cooperacLOn de loscolegios del Estado y los"community colleges" enproveer cursos Dara maes-tros y maestros futuros quetenian valor a propOsito dela ensefianza de nifios mi-grantes.

18

4. Servicio de Soporte

Servicios de transpor-te.Servicios de recreo.CoordinaciOn de fami-lias.ProvisiOn del PersonalEquipo y Suministro.

Servicios de soporte fueronprovistos en todas las re-giones. El transporte delos nifios, cuando era nece-sario y de los padres a lasclInicas y a otras facili-dades medicas y dentales,fue provisto. Los nifiosfueron transportados en losviajes de estudio que re-forzaron las actividadesinstruccionales. La inter-comunicación y la coordina-ciein fueron mantenidas conla comunidad y con las fa-milias migrantes por los a-yudantes de la comunidad yel personal de coordinaciOnespecial. La mayotTa deestas personas fueron bi-lingues, y muchos eran ohablan sido migrantes.

Los programas de recreo seproveyeron como un adjuntoa los programas instruccio-nales en la tarde. Los ma-teriales y el equipo fueronprovistos para los progra-mas de instrucciOn suple-mentaria de los nifios mi-grantes.

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at Activities. Regional com-implemented a number of exem-

activities. The following ex-are typical of the scope andof these activities:

All regional componentsplaced high priority onprograms in oral languagedevelopment and English asa second language. Evalua-tions of these programs in-dicate language improve-ment, greater ease in theclassroom environment, andincreased participation inall areas of instruction onthe part of migrant stu-dents.

One region devised a methodof providing tutorial as-sistance to migrant chil-dren based upon a diagnos-tic prescriptive approach.Specially trained aidescarried out prescribed ac-tivities designed to over-come specific learningproblems. The classroomteacher, with the assis-tance of a specialistteacher from the regiOnaloffice, diagnosed the in-dividual needs of eachchild and prescribed iearn-ing activities to meetthese needs Since exten-

17

sive training of bothteachers and aides wasrequired, the program wasnot put into operation soonenough for objective datato be gathe:red for thisreport. However, the pro-ram holds promise for

meeting two of the majorneeds of migrant children:individualization of in-struction, and continuityof the learnirg process.

3. Health services were a partof all regional componentsand were designed to su-plement services availablethrough other sources.Most of the programs in-cluded screening for healthdefects, and immunizations.Most programs provided sometreatment of severe healthproblems, and a few pro-vided extensive medical anddental care. Nutrition wasprovided mainly in summerschool programs, since mi-grants participate inschool lunch programsavailable in the schoolsduring the regular term.In a number of regions,breakfas as well aslunches and between-mealsnacks, ,ere served.

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Componentes de Actividades. Los com-ponentes regionales lleveron a cabovaries actividades ejempleres. Los

siguientes ejemplos muestran la va-riedad y el alcance de las activida-des:

1 Todos los componentes re-

gionales ponian una altaprioridad en los programasdel desarrollo de la lenguaoral y de ESL, o el ingléscomo idioma segundo. La.s

evaluaciones de estos pro-gramas indican el mejora-miento en la lengua, masfacilidad en el ambiente dela clase, y la participa-cion aumentada en todas lasdreas de la instrucciOn enparte de los estudiantesmigrantes.

2 Una de las regiones inventscierto matodo de proveer laayuda tutorial a los nifiosmigrantes, basada en un a-proche diagn6stico pres-criptivo. Los aexiliaresespecialmente entrenadosllevaron a cabo ciertas ac-tividades prescriptas, quefueron disehadas para supe-rar ciertos problemas espe-cificos del aprendimiento.El maestro de la class, conla ayuda de un maestro es-pecialista de la oficinaregional, diagnosticaba lasnecesidades individuales decada estudiante y prescri-bieron las actividades deaprendimientos que necesi-

taban. Desde que este pro-yecto requerla el entrelle-miento extensivo de losmaestros y de los auxili-e-res en el programa no sepuso en operaciOn bastantetemprano para publicar losdatos objetivos en este re-porte. Sin embargo, elprograma tiene esperanzasde llenar dos de las Masgrandes faltas en la educe-ciOn de nihos migrantes: laindividualizaciSn de lainstrucciSn y la continui-dad del proceso de aprendi-miento.

3. Los servicios de sanidadfueron parte de todos loscomponentes regionale5, yfueron disefiados para su-plementar los servicio5 a-provechables por las ot.rasfuentes. La mayorla de losprogramas incluyeron laexaminaci6n pare descubrirlos defectos de la saluar yla inmunizacift. La me.Yo-ria de los programas -ram-bien provelan el tratamlen-to de los problemas de sa-lud graves, y algunos pro-veian la atenciSn médica ydental extensive. La ayudaen la nutriciron fue provis-ta principalmente en losprogramas de la escuela delverano, desde que los e5tu-diantes migrantes partici-pan en los programas delalmuerzo en la escuela re-gular. En algunas regio-

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4. Home-school-community liai-son services were empha-sized in all regional pro-grams. These involved theemployment of bilingualaides to faciLitate com-munication between migrantparents, many of whom havea limited command of En-glish, and the schools.The services proved veryeffective in helping tolocate and identify migrantchildren and in improvingrelations between migrantparents and the schools.This effort resulted inbetter attendance and at-titudes toward school onthe part of migrant stu-dents and greater interestin the schools on the partof their parents.

Multi-Regional_compionents

The California MigrantTeacher Assistant Mini 7 Corps.The California Migrant TeacherAssistant Mini - Corps program,was operated in foUr regionswhich included twenty-six coun-ties. The program consisted ofthe selection, training, andemployment of 200 college stu-dents from bilingual backgroundswho want to become teachers.The students received field ex-perience by working as teacherassistants in school districtsoperating summer programs formigrant children. The training

19

was provided through four Cali-fornia state colleges. Teach-ers with whom the Mini-Corpsmenwould work were given :3imulta-neous training with the stu-dents. This provided a commonbasis for cooperation betweenthe teachers and the Mini-Corps-men. The field experience por-tion of the work was supervisedby the colleges and by personnelin the regions and schools beinaserved.

The 200 Mini-Corpsmen pro-vided a wide variety of servicesto migrant children and theirfamilies, both in schools, andin camps and family housing cen-ters.

Mobile Dental Clinics

Complete dental services wereprovided for 3,161 migrant chil-dren in three regions duringJune, July, and August through acontract with the University ofCalifornia School of Dentistry.The University provided two mo-bile dental vans which includedX-ray and laboratory facilities.The vans were located in migrantfamily housing centers, andmoved at approximately one-weekintervals. Children were sched-uled for appointments by theregional staff. The vans weremanned by supervising dentistsand dental interns from the Uni-versity. Each child was pro-

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nes, servlan el desayuno,la comida del mediodla o elalmuerzo y tambien bocadosen la mahana y en la tarde,

4 En todos los programas re-gionales se dio enfasis alos servicios de coordina-cibn a intercomunicaci6nentre la comunidad, la es-cuela y el hoar. Estosservicios incluyeron el em-pleo de auxiliares bilin-gUes para facilitar la co-municacio5n entre los padresde familias migrantes (mu-chos de quienes hablan pocoingles) y las escuelas. Losservicios fueron muy efica-ces en ayudar a encontrar eidentificar a los nihos mi-grantes y la escuela. Esteesfuerzo resultó en la me-jor asistencia a la escue-la, y mejores actitudes ha-cia la escuela en parte delos nihos migrantes, y uninterés mds grande en lasescuelas en parte de lospadres.

componentes Multi-Regionales

"Minicar s" - Cuer o de Auxi-liares de Maestros de Migrantes deCalifornia. El programa de "Mini-,

corps" fue operado en cuatro regio-nes de veintiséis condados. El pro-grama consistiö en la seleccift, elentrenamiento y el empleo de 200 es-tudiantes de la universidad, quieneseran bilingUes y querlan llegar aser maestros de escuela. Los estu-

20

diantes ganaban la experiencia portrabajar como asistentes de maestroen los distritos escolares que te-nian programas durante el verano pa-ra los niflos migrantes. El entrena-miento fue provisto por cuatro cole-gios del gstado de California. Losmaestros quienes iban a trabajar conlos miembros de "Minicorps" recibie-ron el entrenamiento simultaneamentecon los estudiantes. Este entrena-miento sirvib como base coman entrelos maestros y los miembros de "Mi-nicorps". La experiencia en el cam-po fue supervisada por las universi-dades y por el personal en las re-giones y las escuelas.

Los 200 miembros del "Minicorp"proveian una variedad de servicios alos nlhos migrantes y a sus familias'en las escuelas, en los campamentosy en los centros de alojamiento delas familias migrantes.

Clinicas Dentales Mviles. Seproveiron servicios dentales comple-tos para 3.161 nihos migrantes en 3regiones durante junio, julio y a-gosto por un contrato con la Escuelade Cirugia Dental de la Universidadde California. La Universidad pro-vey6 dos camiones mOviles dentalesque tenlan equipo de Rayos-X y delaboratorio. Los camiones se esta-cionaban en los centros de aloja-miento de las familias migrantes pa-ra aproximadamente una semana en ca-da centro. El personal regional ha-cla citas para los niflos. En loscamiones trabajaban los dentistassupervisores y los internos dentalesde la Universidad. A cada niho se

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vided a dental examination andfluoride treatment of the teeth.Carious teets were repaired, orif beyond repair, were extract-ed. Complete services were pro-vided for less than thirty-fivedollars per child.

STATEWIDE AND INTERSTATE ACTIV-ITIES

The Migrant Preschool DayCare Program. To provide a com-prehensive program of preschooleducation and day care for mi-grant children, a contract wasagain negotiated between theState Departament of Education,the State Department of SocialWelfare and the Department ofHuman Resources Development toprovide a multi-funded programof preschool education and childcare in the publicly operatedmigrant family housing centersin the State. The contract pro-vided that the program would beadministered by the State De-partment of-Education, Divisionof Compensatory Education, Bu-reau of Community Services andMigrant Education. Funds avail-able through the Social SecurityAct, Title IV, and the Depart-ment of Human Resources Develop-Dint were utilized to carry on aprogram of child care for chil-dren two to five years of age.Funds provided through the Cali-fornia Flan for the Education ofMigrant Children were used for afour-hour preschool educationprogram. The total program pro-vided services for at leasttwelve hours per day, six or

seven days per week for the ap-proximately six months of theyear that the centers were keptopen. The preschool program in-cluded activities to enhance theacademic, psychological, social,and physical development ofchildren 3 to 5 years of age.

Pilot Program in Group In-fant Care. As an extension ofthe child care activity, anothercontract was negotiated betweenthe State Department of Educa-tion, the State pepartment ofSocial Welfare and the Depart-ment of Human Resources Devel-opment to begin a pilot programof group infant care in three of

the migrant family housing cen-ters. This program, funded withSocial Security Act Funds andadministered jointly with thepreschool day care program, wasstarted in August 1970 to ac-commodate 84 infants from migrant families. The program wasdesigned to provide a healthy,mentally stimulating environ-ment fciir babies of working mi-grant mothers.

Interstate Activities. Itis estimated that only about 7percent of migrant children inCalifornia are involved in in-terstate migration. Most ofthese are migrants from Texasand Arizona who are in the Statefor summer harvest and remainfor relatively .short periods.As a result, California did not

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le provey6 una eXaminación dental yun tratamiento con fluoruro. Repa-raron los dientes cariados o extra-jeron los que no se podian reparar.Los servicios completos fueron pro-vistos por menos de treinta y cincod6lares por niho.

ACTIVIDADES DEL ESTADO Y ENTRE ESTADOS

El Programa de Pre-Escuela_parael cuidado de Nifios Migrantes. Paraproveer un prograMa comprensivo deeducaci6n y cuidado durante el diapara los ninos migrantes, se negocie5de nuevo un contrato entre el Depar-tamento de Educación del Estado, elDepartamento de Bienestar Ptiblico(Social Welfare) y 1 Departamentode Empleos (Human Resources Develop-ment) para proveer fondos juntos pa-ra un programa de educación de pre-escuela y de cuidado de nihos en loscentros pdblicamente fundidos de a-lojamiento para familias migrantesen el Estado. El contrato proveeque el programa oe administra por elDepartamento de Educaci6n del Esta-do, Divisi6n de EducaciOn Compensa-toria, Oficina de Servicios para laComunidad y Educación de Migrantes.Utilizaron los fondos (Social Secu-rity Act. Title IV) del Acto de Se-guridad Social, Titulo IV y del De-partamento de Empleos (Human Resour-ces Development) Para llevar a caboun programa de cuidado de nihos, pa-ra los nifios de dos a cinco ahos deedad. Los 'fondos que fueron provis-tos por el Plan de California parala Educac.i6n de Nihos Migrantes seus6 para programas de cuatro horas

de educaci6n pre-escuela. El pro-grama en total provey6 los serviciospor lo menos doce horas por dia,seis o siete dias por semana, duran-te los seis meses del alio en quelos centros estan abiertos. El pro-grama de pre-escuela incluy6 las ac-tividades para estimular el desarro-llo academico, psicológico, social yfisico para nihos que tenian de 3 acinco ahos de edad.

Programa Experimental de Cuida-do de Infantes en Grupos. Como unaextensión de las actividades de cui-dado de nifios, se negoci6 otro con-trato entre el Departamento de Edu-caci6n del Estado, el Departamentode Bienestar Social y el Departamen-to de Empleos (Human Resources De-velopment) , a iniciar un programa decuidado de infantes en grupos en 3de los centros de domicilios de fa-milias migrantes. Este programa em-pez6 en agosto de 1970, a acomodar a84 infantes de familias migrantes,con fondos del Acto de Seguridad So-cial; fue administrado junto con elprograma de pre-escuela. El progra-ma provee un ambiente saludable ymentalmente estimulante para los in-fantes de madres que trabajan.

Actividades entre estados. So-lamente 7% de los nihos migrantes enCalifornia son parte de la migra en-tre estados. La mayoria de estosson migrantes de Texas y Arizona,que vienen a California durante lacosecha del verano y se quedan aqui:para periodos cortos. Por eso, elEstado de California no particip6mucho en los institutos o el planeo

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participate extensively in in-

terstate institutes or curric-ulum planning, although therewas limited participation withthe State of Texas.

Uniform Migrant StudentRecord Tranfer System. Cali-fornia has continued to cooper-ate in the development of theUniform Migrant Student RecordTransfer System. The StateDepartment of Education contin-ued to operate its record depos-itory and manual system fortransfer of both intra- and in-terstate student's records. Atthis time preparations have beenmade to join the automated in-terstate system in January 1971.

CHILDREN SERVED

A. The California Plan for the Edu-cation of Migrant Children wasplanned to serve an estimated46,829 children, divided intoclass group as follows:

Preschool 9,366Kindergarten 3,277Elementary Grades1 through 6 25,759Secondary Grades9 through 12 8,427

The actual total number of chil-dren served in the program wasslightly larger than the numberoriginally planned for. Therewere many more children servedin grades one through six thanhad been estimated; 34,909 in

these grades were served,rathr than 25,759 esti-mate Fewer children of pre-schoci and secondary grades wereserveJ The large number ofchth-ren of elementary schoolage -/as duL to improvedide: Ication -Lechniques, andgrea concsztration of ef-for'Js '117_ those gde levels.

Effc _s to serve preschool anCikind,,:garten age children havebeen nampered by lack of facil-ities for providing all dayprograms, and the inadequatefunding that has been avail-able. No funds are providedfor children less than fiveyears old. Any services pro-vided these younger childrenwere therefore provided at theexpense of programs for school-age children.

Only a very small number ofsecondary school-age youth havebeen reached by the program.

Most of the older childreneither worked with their par-ents, or remained at home tocare for younger sibling.

B. A total of 48,376 children wereserved during the project year.These included 4,500 preschoolchildren, 3,800 in kindergar-tens, a few less than 35,000children in elementary grades 1through 6, and, about 3,200 ingrades 7 through 12.

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de cursos de escuela de entre esta-dos, aunque tenia una participaciOnlimitada Dor el Estado de Texas.

El Sistc7a de TransferenciaUniforme de DatJ..s sobre EstudiantesMigrantes. California ha continuadode cooperar en el desarrollo delSistema de Transferencia Uniforme deDatos sobre l]studiantes Migrantes.E1Departamento de EducaciOn ha conti-nuado de operar el depositorio delos datos y el sistema manual detransferencia de los Datos sobre losestudiantes Migrantes en el Estado yentre Estados. A este tiempo, sehan hecho esfuerzos para llegar a

ser incluido en el. sistema automati-zado de transferencia entre estadosen enero de 1971.

NIf\T-OS SERVIDOS POR EL PLAN

A. El Plan de California para laEducaci6n de Nilios Migrantesoriginalmente iba a servir a a-proximadamente 46.829 nilios,divididos en los siguientes ni-veles:

Pre-escuela 9.366Jardin de nihos 3.277Grados 1-6 25.759Grados 9-12 8.427

El ntimero total de niños quesirvi6 el programa fue másgrande oue el estimado origi-nal. Habian muchos rads niflos

en los grados 1-6; el programasirvi6 a 34.909 en estos gradosy no a los 25.759 como se hablaestimado. En la pre-escuela y

en los grados secundarios, sir-vieron a menos nihos. El nlIme-ro rads grande de nilios de es-cuela primaria fue resultado delas mejores técnicas de identi-ficaciOn de migrantes, y un es-fuerzo rads concentrado en estenivel.

Los esfuerzos F7..ra serv:La: a losniiios de la pre-escuela y deljardin de niiios han sido impe-didos por la falta de mediospara proveer los programas detodo el dla, y los fondos ina-decuados que han tenido. No seha provisto fondos para los ni-'nos que tienen menos de 5 a:nosde edad. Por eso, cualesquierservicios que se hayan provistopara estos nifios menores fueronprovistos a costa de los pro-gramas para los nihos de escue-la.

El programa ha servido a un nd-mero muy pequeno de j6venes dela edad de la escuela secunda-ria. La mayorla de estos jove-nes trabajaban con sus padreso se quedaban en casa a cuidarde los hermanos menores.

B. Se servia a un total de 48.376niflos durante el alio del pro-yecto. Este nrimero incluia a4.500 niiios de pre-escuela, a3.800 de jardin de nilios, casi35.000 niiios de la escuela pri--maria, grados 1-6, y cerca de3.200 niftos en los grados 7-12.

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Identification of migrant chil-dren in California is a processinvolving school personnel.project personnel, migrant par-ents, and other members of t1--community. The process uti-lizes sch.7D1 records, communit,surveys, and interview techniques to identify children whofit the following definition:

A migratory child of a migrato-ry agricultural worker is:

"a child who has movedwith his family fromone school district toanother during thepast year in orderthat a parent or othermember of the imme-diate family mightsecure employment inagriculture or in re-lated food processingactivities."

For the purpose of identifyingchildren to be classified asmigratory children of migratoryagricultural workers eligiblefor services under the Cali-fornia Plan for the Educationof Migrant Children, the fol-lowing definition was used:

A migratory child of amigratory agriculturalworker is defined as:

1. A child whose par-ent, guardian, or oth-er person having cus-tody is defined as a

migratory agriculturworker; and

2. Who due tochange in the locatio2,of his parent's :2guardian's employmerT:moves from one schopidistrict to another inthe course of ea:thyear; and

3. Whose school at-tendance during theregular school term isinterrupted or cur-tailed because of thischange of residence,or who is a temporaryresident of a districtother than that inwhich he regularly at-tends school.

A migratory agriculturalworker is an adult work-er who is employed inseasonal agrlcultural orrelated food processingoccupations, and who isrequired by the natureand varied locations ofhis employment to movefrom place to place forthe purpose of engagingin his occupation.

When a child was identified asan eligible migrant, he wasentered into the Uniform Mi-grant Student Record TransferSystem, and provided such oth-er services as were specified

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C. La identificaciOn de nifios mi-grantes en California es unprocesp que envuelve al perso-nal d..3 escuela, al personal delproyecto, a los padres migran-tes, y a otros miembros de lacomunidad. El proceso utilizalos registros de la escuela,los estudios sobre la comunidady las técnicas de la entrevistapersonal, para identificar a a-quellos nifios que pertenecen ala siguiente clasificación:.

Un nifio migrante de un trabaja-dor agricola migrante es:

"Un nifio que se ha mudadocon su familia de un dis-trito escolar a otro duran-te el afio pasado para gueel padre u otro miembro dela familia inmediata puedaconseguir el empleo en laagricultura o en otras ac-tividades que son estacio-nadas con el proceso del a-limento".

Para el propOsito de identifi-car a los :oifios para clasifi-carles como nifios migrantes detrabajadores agricolas migran-tes, para que sean elegiblespara los servicios bajo el Plande California para la Educaci6nde Nifios Migrantes, se us6 lasiguientedefinición:

Un niño migrante de un tra-bajador agrario migrante sedefine como:

1. Un nifio cuyo padre, ma-

26

dre, guardian u otrapersona que tenga 7-dsto-dio, se define cs:mo tra-bajac_or agrario 71-lic-ran-te; 7

2. Que se muda de u Jis-trito escolar a ot_-: du-rante cada año, a -..:ausa

del cambio en ladad del empleo de suspadres o su guardian; y

3. Cuya asistencia a la es-cuela durante el semes-tre regular esta inte-rrumpida o cortada debi-do a este cambio de re-sidencia; o quien es unresidente temporario deotro distrito escolardistinto del distrito enque asiste rcgularmentea la escuela.

Un obrero agrario migrantees un trabajador adulto queesta empleado en una ocupa-ci6n agraria estacional (detemporada) o en relacionadaocupaciOn en el proceso delalimento, y a quien se lerequiere por la naturalezay las localidades variadasde su empleo mudarse de 1u-gar en lugar para el prop6-sito de hacer su trabajo.

Cuando un nifio fue identificadocomo un migrante elegible fueregistrado en el sistema parala transferencia uniforme dedatos sobre Niflos Migrantes, yse le provey6 los otros servi-cios que se estipularon en el

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in the California Plan theEducation of Migrant ChiLdrenand in service agreements withthe school district of atten-dance.

No attempt was made duringthis fiscal year to identifyor serve migrant children whohad remained in a school dis-trict for more than One year,except that children eligibleat the beginning of a programsegment but whose migrancy ex-pired during the period encom-passed by the segment, werecontinued in the program forits duration.

GRADE PLACEMENT

A. A variety of procedures wereused to evaluate children forgrade placement in the schoolsthey attended. Since all mi-grant children were ihtegratedinto the regular schools andclasses of participatingschool districts, the methodsand procedure used for placingmigrant students were largelythe same as those used forplacing resident students en-tering the schools for thefirst time. These includedavailable records of previousschooling, age, appraisals ofreading and mathema'ir'sachievem, nC. oral languageusage. A variety of diagnos-

Iv.

er-1

tic instruments were used forthis purpose. Subjectivejudgments of teachers and ad-ministrators were used to sup-plement and interpret avail-able objective data.

TEACHER-PUPIL RATIO

A. Since migrant children inCalifornia were integratedinto the regular schools andclasses of the participatinglocal school districts, and noclassroom teachers were pro-vided through the CaliforniaPlan for the Education of Mi-grant Children, it is not pos-sible to compute a meaningfulteacher-pupil ratio for thisprogram. Specialist teach-ers, teaching assistants andaides were provided throughthe program to supplement theefforts of the classroomteacher and provide smallgroup and individual instruc-tion for migrant students insuch areas as oral languagedevelopment, English as asecond language, remedial anddevelopmental reading, reme-dial speech, remedial mathe-matics, and the like, and toprovide special tutorirgcontent subjects to help mi-yrant students compete withtheir resident classmates.Statistical information gath-ered during the year shows

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Plan de Californizcaci6n de Nifios Y:los acuerdos conescolar en que asiicuela.

lay en

distritoa a la es-

No se hizo ningfin esfuerzo du-rante este afio fiscal para ser-vir o identificar 2 aquellosnifios migrantes qui..es se ha-blan quedado en un scLo distri-to para mas que un af, exceptoque a aquellos nifios quienes e-ran elegibles al principio delprograma, pero Cuyo estado demigrante expir6 durarL.te el pro-grama, se les permit:L6 seguiren el programa hasta fin.

COLOCACION DE NIDO::: EN GRADOS

A. Se usaba una varied2ad de proce-dimientos para evr,..luar a losnifios para la co:ccaciem engrados en las escuelas a que a-sistian. Desde que todos losnifios migrantes fueron integra-dos en las clases regulares delas escuelas de los distritosescolares participantes, losmetodos y los procedimientosque se usaban pal-a colocar alos nifios migrant ran pormaor parte los i. métodosju se usaban pare plocar alos estudiantes regres queentraban en la escueLa por pri-mera vez. Estos métodos y pro-cedimientos utilia± los re-c'aerdos aprovecha -le losestdios anteriores s eva-

28

luaciones de habilidad segan laadad en los campos de la lectu-ra y las matematicas, y el usooral del idioma. Para esteprop6sito se usaban varios ins-trumentos diagn6sticos. Loscriterios subjetivos de losmaestros se usaban para suple-mentar a interpretar los datosobjetivos que se podlan obte-ner.

IV. PROPORCION DEYEAESTROS-ESTUDIANTES

A. Desde que los nifios migrantesen California fueron integradosen las clases regulares de lasescuelas regulares de los dis-tritos escolares participantes,y los maestros no fueron pro-vistos por el Plan de Califor-nia para la Educacibn de NihosMigrantes, no es posible compu-tar una proporci.on significantedel namero de maestros al name-ro da estudiantes migrantes.Varios maestros especialistas yauxiliares de maestro y asis-tentes fueron provistos por elprograma, para suplementar losesfuerzos de los maestros declase, y para proveer la ins-trucci6n de individuos o de pe-quefios grupos de los nifios mi-grantes en los campos del desa-=ono oral del idioma, el in-glés como lengua segunda (ESL),el desarrollo y el remedio dela lectura, las matematicas,

y para proveer la tutelaesrscial en los cursos basicos,pa:7a ayudar a los estudiantes

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that during the regular terma total of 1,073 teachers and3,422 aides and other non-pro-fessionals were employed.Only approximately one-half of

this number were engaged inworking with migrant childrenat any one time. During thesummer school term 526 teach-ers and 1,719 aides and othernon-professionals were employ-ed to serve the needs of mi-grant children.

B. Changes in basic curriculacannot be related to changesin teacher-pupil ratio in thisprogram. Rather, supplementa-ry curricula in the varioussubject matter areas includedin the program were superim-posed upon the basic curriculato enlarge, enrich, and inten-sify the exposure of migrantchildren to subject matter.

The program concentrated on

providing supplementary indi-vidual and small group in-

struction to migrant childrenby understanding and knowl-edgeable adults especiallychosen and trained to providethese services.

INTER-RELATIONSHIP WITH THEREGULAR TITLE I PROGRAM

A. All educational programscrated within the CaliforniaPlan for the Education of Mi-grant Children were requiredto be supplementary to, and tocomplement all other programs

29

available in participatingschool districts, includingthose provided under regularTitle I. It should be notedthat in many districts, howev-er, most of the migrant chil-

dren were nJt eligible to beserved by regular Title I pro-

grams. The amount of funds

allocated to California for

regular Title I programs wasfar too small to meet even the

most pressing educationalneeds of disadvantaged chil-dren. In larger school dis-tricts, this has resulted in

the designation of targetareas where the highest con-

centrations of low-incomefamilies reside. For the mostpart, except in :mailer ruraldistricts, agricultural work-ers tend to reside outside ofthese high concentration tar-get areas and thus were noteligible for regular Title I

services. Since many of themost pressing educationalneeds of migrant children aresimilar to those of residentdisadvantagad children, the

larger districts have tendedto provide similar servicesfor the two groups through tho

two funding sources. In smalldistricts, however, migrantchildren are often found amongthe target population for reg-ular Title I. These districtshave been able to include some

of the migrant children in the

regular Title I program and

provide additional services

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en la competencia con los estu-diantes residentes.

La información estadistica quese recogia durante el afio mUes-tra que durante el semestre re-gular se empleaban a 1.073maestros y a 3.422 auxiliares yotros asistentes no profesiona-les. Solamente la mitad de es-te personal trabajaba con losnifios migrantes a la vez. Du-rante el semestre del verano seempleaban a 526 maestros y a1.719 asistentes y otro perso-nal no profesional para llenarlas necesidades de los nifiosmigrantes.

B. En este programa, no se puederelacionar los cambios en elplan de estudios con los cam-bios en la proporci6n entre elndmero de maest7os y el nümerode estudiantes. Por el contra-rio, los suplementos al plan deeru-c.,-lios en los varios 'camposque fueron incluidos en el pro-grama fuec:-)n sobrepuestos en elplan basico Dara aumentar, en-riquecer e intensificar las ex-periencias educacicnales de losnifios migrantes. El Trogramase concentraba en proveer lainstrucci6n suplementaria a losindividuos y a los grupos pe-quefios de nifios migrantes, dadopor los adultos entendedores einteligentes que fueron escogi-dos con cuidado y que reciblanel entrenamiento especial paraproveer estos servicios.

V. INTERRELACION CON EL PROGRAMAREGULAR DE TITULO I

A. Todos los programas educaciona-les bajo el Plan de Californiapara la Educaci6n -le Nifios Mi-grantes tenian que suplementary complementar todos los otrosprogramas en los distritos es-colares participantes, inclu-yendo los que se provee bajo elTitulo I regular. Sin embargo,se debe notar que la mayoria delos nifios migrantes no eran e-legibles para recibir los ser-vicios de los programas bajo elTitulo I regular. La cantidadde fondos que fueron alocadosa California para los programasregulares de Titulo I era insu-ficiente para llenar adn lasnecesidades educacionales masurgentes y basicas de los nifiosdesvemtajados. En los distri-tos escolares Inas grandes, esteproblema resul16 en la designa-ción de ciertas areas donde ha-bian las reconcentraciones Inasgrandes de familias con ingre-sos muy bajos. Por mayor par-te, excepto en los distritosrurales ma's pequefios, los obre-ros agrarios viven fuera de es-tas areas, y por eso no eran e-legibles para recibir los ser-vicios de los programas regula-res de Titulo I. Desde que mu-chas de las necesidades educa-cionales mas urgentes de losnifios migrantes son similares alas de los ninos residentesdesventajados, los distritosInas grandes propenden a proveerlos servicios semejantes para

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with migrant funds.

B. Many school districts havebeen able to utilize some ofthe same personnel, facilitiesand equipment foz both pro-grams. Costs in these caseswere prorated between the twoprograms. Inservice trainingfor personnel has been madeavailable to those employed inboth programs. Teachers andadministrators given specialtraining provided through theCalifornia Plan for the Educa-tion of Migrant Children havebeen widely utilized in theseinservice programs.

COORDINATION WITH OTHER PROGRAMS

A. A wide variety of Federal,State, county and local re-sources were employed in orderto provide comprehensive ser-vices to migrant families inCalifornia. Federal fundssupported programs under TitleI, III and V of the Elementaryand Secondary Education Act,the Economic Opportunity Act,the Vocational Education Act,the Social Security Act, theMigrant Health Act, and oth-ers. Programs funded withState monies provided relo-catable school housing for mi-grant impacted school dis-tricts, preschool educationand children's centers, and

regular support to schools.The State Department of HumanResources Development providedprograms of employment,health, education, housing,legal services, consumer edu-cation and community organiza-tion. Counties provided pro-grams through Departments ofPublic Health, Education, Pub-lic Welfare, and Housing.Many local community and ser-vice organizations also con-tributed to programs for mi-grants.

B. In all areas of the State inwhich the California Plan forthe Education of Migrant Chil-dren operated, an intensiveeffort was mounted to coordi-nate all programs providingservices to migrant families.The effort focused on estab-lishing the most comprehensiveprogram of services to mi-grant families possible, whileavoiding duplication of ser-vices by the participatingagencies. In each county, amigrant education advisorycommittee was establishedunder the leadership of thecounty superintendent ofschools. Those committees,composed of representatives ofthe agencies and organizationsin the county providing ser-vices to migrants, served as acoordinating body.

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los dos grupos, de dos origenesde fondos. Pero en los distri-tos pequeños a los nitios mi-grantes a menudo los encontra-ban en la area donde eran ele-gibles para lbs servicios regu-larea de Titulo I. Estos dis-triLos han podido incluir a al-gunos niftos migrantes en losprogramas regulares de Titulo Iy proveer servicics adicionalescon fondos para migrantes.

B. Muchos distritos escolares hanpodido utilizar algunos de losmismos equipos, medios y perso-nal para ambos programas. Enestos casos, la costa fue pro-rrateada entre los dos progra-mas. El entrenamiento duranteel servicio para el personal hasido provisto para los emplea-dos de ambos programas. En es-tos programas de entrenamientohan utilizado a maestros y ad-ministradores que reciblan en-trenamiento especial por elPlan de California para la Edu-caci6n de Niftos Migrantes.

VI. COORDINACION CONOTROS PROGRAMAS

A. Los servicios comprensivos fue-run provistos para las familiasmigrantes en California por losfondos de los gobiernos del ni-vel local y del condado, delEstado y Federal. Los fondosfederales proveian los progra-mas de Titulo I, III y V delActo de Educaci6n de la DefensaNacional, el Acto de la Oportu-nidad Econ6mica, el Acto de E-ducación Vocacional, el Acto de

32

Seguridad Social, el Acto deSanidad de Migrantes, y otros.

Los programas que fueron pro-vistos por fondos del Estadohan provisto las estructurasmovibles para la ensehanza enlos distritos que tienen losniños migrantes y centros parala pre-escuela para los nifios yhan contribuido al soporte delas escuelas regulares. El De-partamento del Estado de Em-pleos (Human Resources Develop-ment) ha provisto los programasde empleos, de educaci6n, deservicios legales, de sanidad,de educacift para consumadoresy de organizacift de comunida-des. Los Condados han provistoprogramas por los Departamentosde Sanidad Pblica, Educaci6n,Bienestar Ptiblico (Welfare) yProvision de Vivienda (Housing)Muchas organizaciones de servi-cio de la cumunidad.tambi6n hancontribuido a los programas pa-ra migrantes.

B. En todas las 'areas del Estadben que operaba el Plan de Cali-fornia para la Educación de Ni-'nos Migrantes, se hizo un gransfuerzo para coordinar todos

los programas que proveen ser-viclos a las familias migran-tes. Ponlan énfasis en esta-blecer el ma's comprensivo pro-grama posible de servicios porlas familias, y en evitar laduplicacitin de servicios paralas ac5encias participantes. Encada condado un comit6 conseje-

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At the State level, personnelof the State Department ofEducation provided liaisonwith other State agencies andwith statewide organizationswho had programs for migrants.

C. An agreement was entered intobetween the State Departmentof Education, the State De-partment of Human ResourcesDevelopment, and the State De-partment of Social Welfare toprovide Migrant Day Care/Pre-school programs in 25 publiclyoperated migrant family hous-ing centers. The programswere administered by the StateDepartment of Education, Divi-sion of Compensatory Educa-tion, Bureau of Community Ser-vices and Migrant Education.The California Plan for theEducation of Migrant Childrenprovided $250,000 to operatepreschool education programsfor three, four and five yearold migrant children for fourhours per day, five days aweek. State funds and SocialSecurity Act Title IV fundswere used to provide day carefor migrant children residing

33

in the family housing centerswho were two years old, orolder, for as many as 12 hoursper day, six days a week.

In addition, a variety ofnecessary services were main-tained at all centers. Nutri-tion was upgraded by break-fast, lunch, and morning andafternoon snacks. A dietequivalent to the Class ASchool Lunch Program was pro-vided.

Health services were providedevery child, with a healthscreening prior to, or imme-diately after, enrollment atthe center. Eye and hearing,TB and other tests were admin-istered. Any deficienciesdiscovered were referred tothe family and, where neces-sary, to a physician or den-tist.

The programs conformed toguidelines of each fundingagency, as well as FederalInteragency Day Care require-ments. Guidelines for Compen-satory Preschool EducationPrograms were followed for thepreschool portion of the pro-gram.

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ro de la educaclOn de migrantesfue establecido bajo el lidera-to del superintendente de es-cuelas. Estos comités, com-puestos de los representantesde las varias organizaciones yagencias del condado que pro-veen servicios a las familiasmigrantes, sirven para coordi-nar los servicios.

Al nivel del Estado, el perso-nal del Departamento de Educa-ciOn proveia la intercomunica-ciOn y la coordinaciOn con lasotras agencias del Estado 1, cc.n

las organiz7ciones por todo ElEstado que tenian programas i.,a-ra migrantes.

C. Los Departamentos del Estado deEducaci6n, de Empleos (HumanResources 7-1,:Nelopment) y deBienestar Social (Welfare) seacordaron de proveer programade Pre-escuela y de Cuidado du-rante el dia para los nifios mi-grantes en 25 centros de aloja-miento para familias migrantesque son provistas por el piiibli-

Co. Estos programas fueron ad-ministrados por el Departamentode EducaciOn del Estado, Divi-siOn de EducaciOn Compensato-ria, Oficina de Servicios parala Comunidad y de EducaciOn deMigrantes. El Plan de Califor-nia para la EducaciOn de NifiosMigrantes proveia $250.000 paraoperar los programas educacio-nales de pre-escuela para losnil-los migrantes de 3, 4 yafios de edad, para cuatro horaspor dia, cinco dias por semana.

3 4

Se usaron los fondos del Estadoy del Acto de Seguridad Social,Titulo IV, para proveer progra-mas de cuido de niflos migran-tes que viven en los centros dealojamiento y que tienen dosafios de edad (por lo menos) pa-ra doce horas por dia, seisdias por semana.

En adiciOn, se mantenian variosotros servicios necesarios entodos los centros. Se mejor6la nutriciOn de los niflos porla provisiOn del desayuno y elalmuerzo, y de bocados durantela maHana y la tarde. Se lesprovey6 de una dieta que era e-quivalente a la provista por elprograma de almuerzo en la es-cuela de Clase A.

A cada nifio se le proveian losservicios medicales. Cada nifiofue examinado para los defectosde la salud antes de matricu-larse en la escuela (o inmedia-tamente despues). A cada nifiose le administraron los testspara la tuberculosis, para lavision y la audiencia, u otros.Cualesquier defectos que sedescubrieron fueron referidos ala familia, o cuando era nece-sario, a un medico o dentista.Los programas se conformaron alas guias de cada agencia qleprovela el soporte y a los re-querimientos federales para a-gencias para el cuido de nifiosdurante el dia. Seguian lasguias para los Programas de E-ducaci6n Compensatoria Pre-es-

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Upon the adoption of newguidelines for Group InfantCare programs, another agree-ment was reached by the samethree agencies to provide, un-der the same administration, apilot program of group infantcare in thre of the familyhousing centers. This program

utilized Social Security Actfunds to provide a healthfuland stimulating program of

group infant care for 84 mi-grant children between theages of six weeks and two

years. The program was oper-ated during the months of

June, July and August, andwill continue for another twomonths during the fall of

1970. A complete evaluationof the program cannot be ac-complished until the program

is completed, but preliminaryassessment points to a highdegree of success in meetfngits objectives.

D. Although a high degree of co-ordination and cooperation hasbeen achieved and maintainedbetween the various agenciesand organizations serving mi-grants in the State, some pro-blems are developing for whicho easy solutions appear

available. These problems,which prevent the highest lev-el of program coordinationbetween organizations, involve

:00

differences in guidelines,regulations, policies and def-initions.

In spite of the large numberof programs providing servicesto migrants in California andthe quality of service provid-ed, the problems facing mi-grant families -,nd migrantchildren can be reated onlysuperficially with the fundsavailable. Problems of con-tinuity of special educati nalservices to migrant childrenstill exist. Many childrensuffer from health and nutri-tional handicaps and from in-adequate early childhood edu-cational experiences. Addi-tional funding for programsfor infants and for two, threeand four year olds is badlyneeded.

The present level of fundingallows only those areas ot theState which have major impac-tions of migrants to partici-pate in the program; there-fore, it was possible to con-duct programs in only 197 ofCalifornia's 268 school dis-tricts with known migrant pop-ulations. As a result, manymigrant children were not ben-efited by the direct servicesprovided under the CaliforniaPlan for the Education of Mi-grant Children.

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cuela en la parte del programade pre-oscuola.

Cuando se adoptaron unas gulasnuevas para los programas parael Cuido de In±antes en Grupos,las tres agencias arriba men-cionadas se acordaron de pro-veer, bajo la misma administra-ci6n, un programa experimentalpara el cuido de infantes engrupos en tres de los centrosde alojamiento para familiasmigrantes. Este programa uti-lize) los fondos provistos porel Acto de Seguridad Social pa:-ra un programa saludable y es-timulante para el cuidado deil;fantes en grupos para 84 in-fantes, de seis semanas a 2 a-hos de edad. El programa se o-peraba durante junio, julio yagosto, y se continuara para o-tros dos meses durante el otoriode 1970. Una evaluaciem com-pleta del programa no se puedeobtener hasta que se completeel programa, pero la educacieinpreliminaria indica que el pro-grama ha.tenido bastante 6xitoen alcanzar los objetivos.

D. Aunque se ha logrado y manteni-do un nivel bastante alto decoordinaciön y cooperaLA6n en-tre las varias agencias y orga-nizaciones que sirven a los mi-grantes en el estado, hay va-rios problemas para los cualesno hay soluciones simples. Es-tos problemas que impiden lacoordinaciem del mas alto nivel

36

entre las organizaciones, sondiferencias en las gulas, regu-laciones, politicas y defini-ciones.

No obstante, a pesar del nemerogrande de programas que proveenservicios a migrantes en Cali-fornia, y de la calidad delservicio que se produce, losproblemas frente a las familiasmigrantes y los estudiantes mi-grant-'3 se los puede tratar so-lamente superficialmente conlos fondos que son aprovecha-bles. Todavia existen proble-mas concernientes a la conti-nuidad de los servicios educa-cionales especiales para losnifios migrantes. Muchos de es-tos nifios sufren de experien-cias inadecuadas en la educa-ciOn anterior, y tambian sufrende las desventajas en la saludy la nutrici6n. Se necesitanurgentemente los fondos paralos infantes y niftos de dos,tres y cuatro aims de edad.

El nivel actual de financiacieinpermite la participación sola-mente de aquellas areas del Es-tado que tienen nemeros muygrandes de migrantes. Por eso,solamente podian conducir losprogr'amas en 197 de los 268distritos escolares del Estadoque tienen poblaciones conoci-das de migrantes. Como resul-tado de esto, muchos niños mi-grantes no recibieron los bene-ficios de los .servicios direc-tos que fueron provistos por el

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VII. INSERVICE TRAINING

A. Inservice training of stat±was implemented at threelevels within the CaliforniaPlan for the Education of Mi-grant Children. One componentof the Plan, the CaliforniaMigrant Teacher AssistantMini-Corps, provided intensivetraining of both Mini-Corps-men and the teachers with whomthey worked. Training forboth teachers and Mini-Corps-men included three Saturdayworkshops during March andApril, 1969, followed by atwo-day workshop in June. Thetraining was provided in cr)-operation with four Californiastate colleges, and employedthe services of college staffmembers, migrant educationstaff, and outside consul-tants. The introductorytraining was followed by sixweeks of supervised 'practicumduring the period of employ-ment of participants in theprogram. College staff aswell as migrant educationsupervisory personnel met withgroups of participants weeklyduring the summer to critiquemethods and materials and toplan classroom activities.Both teachers and Mini-Corps-men were assembled at the endof the program for furtLer

critique and evaluation of thework accomplished.

Each of the regions carried onadditional inservice activ-ities, primarily during theschool year. These took theform of a series of shortworkshops for teachers primar-ily concerned with principlesof teaching the migrant childwith special instruction inthe lase of supplemental cur-riculum materials and equip-ment. Additionally, someregions sponsored course workfor aides and other personnel,offered in state colleges andcommunity colleges in theregion.

Local school districts pro-vided meetings, workshops andsupervisory assistance to pro-ject personnel, directed to-ward better use of materials,equipment, and methods, as ap-plied to teaching migrantchildren.

B. There was a limited amount ofinterstate planning of inser-vice training, mainly involv-ing the State of Texas.

C. Instructional staff were giventraining in the use of sup-plemental curriculum mate-rialsand equipment through work-shops designed to provide

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VII.

Plan de California pare la Edu-caciOn de Nifios Migrantes.

ENTRENAMIENTO DURANTEEL SERVICIO

A. El entrenamiento del personalfue implementado en tres nive-les bajo el Plan de Californiapare la Educación de Nifios Mi-grantes. El componente delplan que se llamaba "Minicorps"el cuerpo de Asistentes deMaestros de Migrantes en Cali-fornia, provey6 el entrenamien-to extensivo de los asistentesy los mae5tros con quienes tra-bajaban. El entrenamiento delos maestros y los asistentesincluy6 tres sesiones de traba-jo los sabados durante marzo yabril de 1969, seguidos por unasesiOn de dos dies en junio. Elentrenamiento fue provisto porla cooperaci6n de cuatro uni-versidades del Estado de Cali-fornia, con los servicios delos miembros profesionales delas universidad-s, del personalde Educaci6n de Migrantes y deotros copsultantes. El entre-namiento preliminario fue se-guido por seis semanas de prac-tice supervisada durante el pe-riodo de empleo de los partici-pantes en el programa. Losmiembros profesionales de lasuniversidades y de Educaci6n deMigrantes se unian con los gru-pos de participantes semanal-mente durante el verano parasupervisarles-y evaluar los me-todos y materiales usados, y

para planear las actividades dela clase. A la conclusion delprograma los maestros y los a-sistentes se reunlan pare unaevaluación y critica adicionaldel trabajo. Cada una de lasregiones seguia con adiciona-les servicios de entrenamientodurante el servicio, durante elaho escolar. Estes actividadeseran una serie de sesiones cor-tas pare los maestros que seinteresaban principalmente conlos fundamentos de la enseilanzade nifios migrantes, con ins-trucción sobre el uso de mate-riales suplementarios. Algunasregiones mandaron a los asis-tentes y a otro pers,)nal a '-

universidades, pare unosespeciales.

Los distritos escolares pro-Veian sesiones especiales y lasupervision para el personaldel proyeeto, para instruirlesen el uso Inas eficaz de los ma-teriales y el equipo en la en-serianza de nifios migrantes.

B. }labia alguna planeación limita-da del entrenamiento durante elservicio, en mayor parte con elEstado de Texas.

C. En varies sesiones de trabajolos maestros y otro personalinstruccional recibian el en-trenamiento y la experienciapractice en el uso de los mate-riales suplementarios en la en-sehanza de nifios migrantes. Elentrenamiento fue provisto por

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instruction and practical ex-perience in the use of thematerials and equipment withmigrant students. Curriculumspecialists from the State De-partment of Education, variouscounty office staffs, andlocal school districts, aswell as consultants providedby publishing houses and sup-pliers of equipment, and spe-cial consultants employed bythe regions were utilized inpresenting the training.

D. Due to California's uniqueposition in the migrantstream, little use was made ofcurridulum Materials fromstates other than Texas. Ma-terials from Texas were usedin planning programs whichwould supplement those expe-xienced by children attendingschools there during theschool year.

E. California did not participateon a regular basis with otherstates in a teacher exchangeprogram during fiscal year1970. Experience with theprogram in previous years in-dicated that little value tothe program had accrued fromparticipation. A very smallnumber of teachers from Texaswere employed in regional com-ponents during the summermonths, but certification re-

quirements and other problemsprecluded any larcve scale par-ticipation.

VIII. NON-PUBLIC SCHOOL PARTICIPATION

IX.

:3 9

A. Only six children who partici-pated in services providedthrough the California Planfor the Education of MigrantChildren were attending a non-public school at the time theyreceived services.

The number of non-publicschools has decreased signifi-cantly over the past severalyears, and for the most part,those remaining have longwaiting lists. Migrants, whoby definition rarely remainlong in one community, seldomgain admission to non-publicschools.

It is possible that a few in-terstate migrant children, whoattend non-public schools intheir home-base state, mayhave participated in summerprograms in California publicschools. The number of suchchildren appears to be insig-nificant.

DISSEMINATION OF INFORMATION

A. California has used a varietyof techniques for the dissem-ination of information andmaterials on an interstate

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especialistas educativos delDepartamento de Educaci6n delEstado, por los miembros profe-sionales de las organizacionesde varios condados y distritosescolares, por los consultantesprovistos por las casas edito-riales y los suministradoresdel equipo, y por los consul-tantes especiales empleados porlas regiones.

D. A causa de la localidad Unicade California en relaciem alflujo de migrantes, no usaronmucho los materiales de los 0-tros estados, excepto Texas.Los materiales que venian deTexas los usaron en la planea-ci6n de programas suplementa-rios para aquellos nifios mi-grantes que asisten a la escue-la en Texas durante el alio.

E. California no participaba regu-larmente con otros estados enningün programa de intercambiode maestros durante el alio fis-cal 1970. Las experiencias conlos programas en los arios ante-riores indicaban que la.parti-cipaci6n en programas no valiamucho. Unos pocos maestros deTexas fueron empleados en va-rios componentes regionales du-rante el verano, pero varioSproblemas, como los requeri-mientos de certificaci6n, impe-dian la participacift en grandeescala.

4 0

VIII. PARTICIPACION DE ESCUELASNO PI1BLICAS

IX.

A. Solamente seis nifios en el Es-tado asistian a escuelas no pd-blicas durante el tiempo en quereciblan los servicios orovis-tos por el Plan de Californiapara la Educaci6n de Niños Mi-grantes..

El ndmero de escuelas no pdbli-cas ha decrecido mucho durantelos arios pasados y las que con-tint-Ian tienen listas muy largasde espera. Los migrantes, quepor definicift no se quedan pa-ra mucho tiempo en ninguna co-munidad, rara vez son admitidosa estas escuelas no pdblicas.

Es posible que unos cuantos-ni-flos que migran entre estados, yquienes asisten a escuelas nopdblicas en otro estado, hayanparticipado en los programasdel verano -n las escuelas pil-blicas de California. El ndme-ro de tales niños parece insig-nificante.

DISEMINACION DE INFORMACION

A. En California se ha usado unavariedad de t6cnicas para ladiseminaciOn de informaci6n ymateriales entre estados. Sehan distribuido varias publica-

17

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basis. Memos and publica-tions developed in Californiahave been distributed to stateeducation departments of co-operating states. Copies ofexemplary curriculum materialsdeveloped in California foruse with migrant children havealso been distributed.

Conferences have been heldwith representatives of otherstates for exchange of infor-mation and for planning of in-terstate cooperative activi-ties and programs. Severalpersons from other states haveparticipated in California'sworkshops for the training ofmic-rant education personnel.

The Chief of the Bureau ofCommunity Services and MigrantEducation served as Chairmanof the Interstate Committee onRecord Transfer and the Com-mittee for the Development ofProgram and Evaluation. Tech-nical assistance has been pro-vided these committees a.nd theseveral states in fulfillingtheir purposes. The commit-tees have met cruarterlythrougho't the year.

B. Techniques used for inter-state dissemination of infor-mation have also been usedwithin the State. In addi-tion, State Department of Edu-cation staff nembers have par-

ticipated in numerous preser-vice and inservice educationprograms throughout Califor-nia. Regular bi-monthly meet-ings of personnel responsiblefor the conduct of programs inall areas of the State havebeen held throughout the year.These meetings were conductedin different areas of theState in order that projectpersonnel might have opportu-nities for inter-regional vis-itation. In addition, con-sultants have conferred withpersonnel in all project areasto disseminate information andmaterials on program planning,program development and con-tent, methods of operation,and program evaluation.

One sixteen-millimeter soundmotion picture entitled "TheIlany Schools of Jose" was pro-duced and is available fordistribution. The picture isin black and white and avail-able with two- sound tracks,.one in English and one inSpanish. It describes theneeds of migrant children andways in which these needs arebeing met through the Califon:nia Plan for the Education ofMigrant Children.

Films previously produced, in-cluding "The Migrant EducationStory", "Abre la Boca" and"The Mini-Corps", continue tohave wide distribution.

18

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ciones de California a los de-partamentos de educaci6n de losestados cooperativos. Tambianse han distribuido copias ejem-plares de materiales educativospara el uso con nifios migran-tes.

Se ha tenido conferencias conlos representantes de otros es-tados pare el intercambio deinformaci6n y la planeaci6n deactividades y programas coope-rativos entre estados. Variespersonas de otros estados hanparticipado en las sesiones delverano en Cad-Lfornia para elentrenamiento del personal delprograma de Educación de Mi-grantes.

El Jefe de la Oficina de Servi-cios para la Comunidad y laEducación de Migrantes, sirvi6como Presidente del Comita deEntre Estados de la Transferen-cia de Datos, y del Coma.té parael desarrollo de Programas yEvaluaci6n. La ayuda tacnicafue provista a estos comitas ya los varios estados para al-canzar sus objetivos. Los co-mites se rednen cuatro vecespor

B. Las técnicas que se ham usadopara la diseminaci6n de infor-macion entre estados, tambianse las han usado dentro del Es-tado nuestro. En adición, losmiembros profesionales del De-partamente de Educación del Es-

4

tado han participado en numero-sos proyramas de educaci6n y-entrenamiento antes del servj-cio y durante el servicio,todo el Estado- Han tenido re-uniones regulares del personalque era responsable para losprogramas en todas areas delEstado. Tenian estas reunionesen varias partes del Estado pa-ra que el personal del proyectopuede tener la oportunidad parala visitaci6n entre regiones:En adici6n, los consultanteshan conferido con personal entodas las areas del proyectopare diseminar informacibn ymateriales para la planeaci6n,el contenido y el desarrollodel programa y los métodos deoperación y evaluación.

Una pellcula sonora de 16 mill-metros que se intitul6 "Las mu-chas escuelas de José" fue pro-d ida y es aprovechable parala distribuci6n. La peliculaes por escrito y tiene dos ban-das sonoras, una -en inglés yotra en espahol. Describe lasnecesidades de los niflos mi-grantes y las maneras en que sellenan las faltas por el Plande California pare la Educaci6nde Niflos Migrantes.

Las peliculas previamente pro-ducidas como "La Historia de laEducaci6n de Migrantes";la Boca"; y "El Minicorps" si-guen teniendo una ancha distri-buci6n.

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X. COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT

A. Migrant parents participatedin the program-to the f'illestextent possible.

B. Parents of participating chil-dren served as members ofschool district advisory com-mittees. A citizens' advisorycommittee, including parentsof participating children, wasa requirement for all localschool districts participatingin the California Plan. Thesecommittees advised school dis-tricts in:

1. Developing pro-grams in cooperationwith existing commu7nity action programsin their locality.

2. Mobilizing and co-ordinating all commu-nity resources in aconcerted attack onthe problems of educa-tionally deprivedchildren.

3. Overall planning,development, imple-mentation, evaluation,and dissemination ofinformation relativeto the objectives of

4 3

the compensatory pro-grams.

4. Acting as a hear-ing board for any in-dividual or group whomay want tO proposeadditions to, orchangt_s in, the schooldistrict's proposedcompensatory progfams.

In addition to their functionsas members of advisory commit-tees, parents were employed asaides and in othef non-profes-sional positions by schooldistricts and regional of-fices. They were akso urgedto participate with theirchildren in a variety of ac-tivities, both in and out ofthe classroom.

C. Parents were involved in plan-ning through the advisory com-mittee structure outlined inB above.

D. The utilization of volunteersin the California Plan hasbeen minimal, except as thePlan relates to other communi-ty activities. Volunteer helphas been channeled into sup-plementary activities involv-ing the welfare of migrantfamilies, not regularly a partof organized programs.

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X. PARTICIPACION DE LA COMUNIDAD

A. Los padres migrantes participa-ban en el programa lo más posi-ble.

B. Los padres de los nihos parti-cipantes servian '011100 miembrosde los comit6s consejeros deldistrito escolar. Un comitéconsejero de ciudadanos, inclu-yendo a los padres de los nihosparticipantes, fue requerido encada distrito escolar que par-ticipaba en el Plan de Califor-nia. Estos comit6s daban con-sejos a los distritos escolaresen los asuntos de:

1 Desarrollo de programas encooperaciön con los progra-mas en existencia de acci6nde la comunidad en la mismalocalidad.Movilizaci6n y coordinaciftde las fuerzas de la comu-nidad en un ataque contralos problemas de los nifiosdesventajados en la educa-cift,

3. Planeacift total, desarro-llo, implementación, eva-luacitin y diseminación deinformacift relativa a losobjetivos de los programascompensatorios.

4. Tomar el papel de mesa parascuchar a cualquier indi-

viduo o grupo que quieraproponer cambios o adicio-nes al programa compensato-rio propuesto por el dis-trito.

En adicift a sus papeles comomiembros de los comités conse-jeros, los padres fueron em-pleados como asistentes y en o-tros empleos no profesionalespor los distritos escolares ylas oficinas regionales. Tam-bién se les pidi6 participarcon sus nifios en varies activi-dades dentro y fuera de la cla-se.

C. Los padres participaban en laplaneacitin por la estructuradel comité consejero arribamencionado en B.

D. La utilización de voluntariosen el Plan de California ha si-do minima, excepto en los casosdonde el Plan est& relacionadocon otras actividades de la co-munidad. La ayuda de volunta-rios fue utilizada en activida-des suplementarias relacionadascon el bienestar de las fami-lias, perc no como parte delprograma organizado.

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XI. PROGRAM EFFECTIVENESSA. Although not ail programs

were equally successful inmeeting the educational needsof migrant children, evidencecollected during the 1969 fis-cal year fails to reveal anyprograms which can be consid-ered unsuccessful. On thecontrary, evaluation reportscovering the various sub-pro-jects of the Plan verify ahigh degree of success inmeeting these needs.

Objective Data. All Schoolsparticipating in the Califor-nia Plan for the Education ofMigrant Children were request-ed to administer the Califor-nia Achievement Tests in read-1ing and mathematics to all mi-grant children participatingin instructioral activitiessupported by the Plan at thebeginiAng of the instructionalactivity. Those still enrol-led at the end of the programperiod were to be administeredthe same test as a post-test.The mean gain in scores was toserve as a measure of programeffectiveness when compared tonormal gains for the periodcovered by the instruction.This attemnt to get objectivestandardized test data pro-duced only limited results.A variety of factors contrib-

4

uted to dilficulties in ob-taining significant test data.The major problem was the highmobility of the migrant pop-ulation. Only a small per-centage of the children took apre and a post-test, which in-creased the possibility thatreported results are atypical.Another factor was the vari-ability in program length fromdistrict to district with theresultant differences inlength of the instructionalperiod between tests. Themost important factor, how-ever, appeared to be the vari-ability in test administrationwhich occurred. In many in-stances it appeared that stan-dard testing procedures wereignored, even to the extentthat some attempted to trans-late instructions into Span-ish.

In spite of these difficul-ties, there are indicationsthat migrant children who re-

. ceived supplementary instruc-tional services through theCalifornia Plan are progres-sing academioally at a morerapid rate than are childrennot receiving these services;in some cases the projectchildren may even be surpas-sing their resident class-mates.

The following cases will il-lustrate some of the tangibleresults of the program in var-

20

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XI. EFICACIA DEL PROGRAMA

A. Aunque no todos los programashan tenido el mismo éxito ensatisfacer las necesidades delos nihos migrantes, la eviden-cia que se recogia durante elalio fiscal 1969 indica que aningfin programa se lo puedeconsiderar como fracaso. Alcontrario, los reportes de eva-luación sobre los varios sub-proyectos del plan verificanque han mantenido un grado altode éxito en satisfacer estasnecesidades.

Datos Objetivos. Todas las es-cuelas participantes en el Plande California para la Educa-ci6n de Ninos Migrantes tenianque administrar el CaliforniaAchievement Test en los camposde la lectura y las matematicasa todos los nihos migrantes quepTirticipaban en las -,,ctividadesinstruccionales provistas porel Plan al principio de la ac-tividad instruccional. Los ni-hos que continuaban hasta laconclusi6n debian tomar eltest. El gano mediano en losresultados debia servir de me-dida de la eficacia del progra-ma después de compararlos conlos ganos normales para al pe-

48

riodo de la instrucci6n. Esteesfuerzo para obtener datos in-formados de normalizados produ-jo resultados de limitado va-lor. Varios factores contri-bulan a las dificultades en ob-tener datos significantes deltest. El problema mayor era lamovilidad de la poblaci6n mi-gratoria. El hecho de que so-lamente un nftero pequeho deniiios migrantes tomaron el pre/post test aumenta la posibili-dad de que los resultados seanatipicos. Otro factor fue lavariabilidad en la duración delPrograma de distrito en distri-to, con la resultante diferen-cia en la duraci6n del periodode la instrucci6n entre el prey el post test. El factor masimportante, sin embargo, era lavariabilidad que ocurrla en laadministraci6n de la prueba. Enmuchos casos no seguian losprocedimientos normales de ad-ministrar la prueba y algunoshasta tradujeron las in:truc-ciones al espahol. A pesar deestas dificultades. hay eviden-cia que los nifios que reciblanlos servicios instrucc'.onalessuplementarios del Plan de Ca-lifornia estan naciendo mejorprogreso académico que los queno recibian los servicios. Enalgunos casos los niflos delproyecto hicieron mejor que losestudiantes residentes.

Los siguientes casos ilustrardnalgunos de los resultados tan-gibles que ha tenido el progra-ma en varios luqares;

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ious locations:Test Results Day Care

Preschool Program. In thepre-school programs carried onin the migrant family housingcenters, children were testedwith the Bettye Caldwell Pre-school Inventory. Pre- andpost-test scores were obtainedfor a total of 145 children,of which 83 were four yearolds and 62 were five 'years ofage. A pre-test was adminis-tered on July 1, 1970, at thebeginning of the summer pro-gram; post-testing was ac-complished on August 26, 1970.At each age level the mean rawscores of the children im-proved significantly. Figure1 illustrates the gains inrelation to the test norms fordisadvantaged children.

Academic Gains tor Chil-dren in Regular and SummerSchool Programs. Evaluationsfrom the seven regional com-ponents presented a varier.y ofstatistics on the academicachievement of children in theprogram. The data indicatethat although considerable

variation exists between the_regions, the overall effect ofthe program iositive.Children participL4 in pro-grams within the CaliforniaPlan at ali grade levels awir-aged at least a one-month gainfor each month of instructionin reading and mathematicChildren in concentrated sum-mer programs and those in theupper grades tended to makegreater yains than did thosein regular school year pro-grams and those in the primarygrades. Greater gains wereindicated in reading than inmathematics, reflecting thegreater emphasis on languageimprovement programs.

Hez-lth Services

Statistics from the seven mi-grant regions show that 18,971children were screened forvarious health defects duringthe regular school year, andan additional 8.919 werescreened during the summersession. Of these children, atotal of 10,607 were giventreatment.

21

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Resultados de la Prueba - Pro-grama de Pre-escuela. En losprogramas de pre-escuela en loscentros de viviendas de fami-lias migrantes administraron alos niftos el "InventarioPre-escuela de Bettye Caldwel_Los resultados del pre y posttest fueron obtenidos para 145nihos; 83 de estos nifios tenian_alatro aiIosr y 62 tenian 5 afiosde edad. El "pre-test" fue ad-ministrado el 1 de jullo de1970, a los principios del pro-grama de verano; el "post-test"fue administrado el 26 de agos-to e 1970. En cada nivel deed:;..d los resultados medios aemejox:aron significativamente.

Figura I representa las ganan-Cifs en relaciOn con las normaspara los nitos desventajados.

Ganancias Académicas para losnihos en los ro ramas del se-mestre regular y del semestrede verano. Las evaluaciones deios siete componentes regiona-les presentaron varias estadis-ticas sobre el plogl.-eso acadé-mico de los nihos en el progra-ma. Los datos indican que elefecto total del programa fue

positivo, aunque existia unavariacift entre las diferentesregiones. Los nifios que parti-cipaban en los programas delPlan de California en todos losgrados mostraron una gananciaaverla de un mes por lo menospara cada mes de instruccil5n enla lecture y las matemdticas.Los niflos en los programas in-tensificados del verano y delos grados superiores en gene-ral tenian ganancias ma's gran-des que los niflos del programadel ailo regular y de los gradosprimarios. Las ganancias fue-ron mas grandes en la lecturaque en las matemgticas, refle-jando el énfasis mgs grande enlos programas de mejoramientode la lecture.

Servicios de Sanidad

Las estadisticas de .las sieteregiones muestran que 18,971niños fueron examinados paralos defectos en la salud duran-te el semestre regular de laescuela, y otros 8,919 fueronexaminados durante la sesiftdel verano. De estos nifios,10,607 recibieron tratamientomedicaJ.

21

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FIGURE 1

GAIN IN RAW SCORES OF 4 AND 5 YEAR OLDS AS MEASURED BY THE BETTYECALDWELL PRESCHOOL INVENTORY IN AN 8-WEEK

SUMMER PROGRAM

Raw RawScore Age 4 N=83 Score Age 5 N=62

52

50

48

46

44

42

4038.1

38

36

34

32 Pre

Norm44.3

Post

66

64

62

60

58

56

54

52

5049.6

48

46 Pre

57.0Norm

Post

22

49

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GANANCIAS EN LOS RESULTADOS CRUDOS DE NTROS DE 4 Y 5 Af\10S DE EDAD EN ELPROGRAMA DE VERANO DE 8 SEMANAS COMO FUERON MEDIDAS POR EL INVENTARIO DE

PRE-ESCUELA DE BETTYE CALDWELL

Resultado 4 arios deCrudo edad N=83

52

50

48

46 Norma44.3

44

42

4038.1

38

36

34

32 Pre Post

Resultado 5 atios deCrudo edad N=62

66

64

E2

60

5 8

56

54

52

5049.

48

46 Pre

57.0

Post

22

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Subjective Data. A va-riety of techniques were usedto collect subjective dataconcerning various aspects ofthe programs. These includedquestionnaires, opinionnaires,anecdotal records, ratingscales, diaries, and interviewrecords. Information was ob-tained on such factors asteacher attitudes towards mi-grant children, workshop ef-fectiveness, teacher estimatesf pupil-growth, effectivenessof para-professional person-nel, and suitability of mate-rials and methods employed inthe program. Two examples_ ofthis type of data follow:

A one-day workshop foradministrators and school pro-ject directors was held in oneregion. The main purpose ofthe workshop was to explainthe mechanics of operating thecomponent; topics includedfiscal accounting and control,responsibility of administra-tors for migrant education,and statistical reporting.Fifty-four persons attendedthe meeting. Participantswere asked to fill in a ques-tionnaire to evaluate tl

workshop. A summary of theirresponses is presented inTable 39. (Page 24)

In one region, schooldistricts were asked to ratethe appropriateness of theCalifornia Achievement Test

for measuring the achievementof mic pupils. Forty-seven sonool districts re-ported. These forty-sevendistricts rated the test asfollows:

Nine percent foundit very appropriate.

Forty-two percentfound the test ap-propriate.

Thirty-six percentfound it inappro-priate or said theypreferred othertests.

Six percent said itwas inexcusable touse it.

Six percent saidthey did not usethe, test, but didnot rate theirjudgment of itseffectiveness.

XIT. SPECIAL PEAS

A. No programs in vocationaleducation or in education forthe handicapped were conduct-ed under :he California Planfor the Education of MigrantChildren. Components whichincluded activities in secon-dary schools provided some

23

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Datos Subjetivos. Se usO unavariedad de t6cnicas para obte-ner datos subjetivos conce_--nientes varios aspectos de losprodramas. Se obtenian datosde recuerdos de entrvistas, derecuerdos de an6cdotes, decuestionarios y opiniones, en-trevistas. La informaciOn fueobtenida sobre tales factorescomo: las actitudes de losmaestros hacia los nifios mi-grantes; la eficacia de las se-siones de trabajo; los estima-dos del progreso de los estu-diantes hechos por los maes-tros; la eficacia del personalno profesional; y la adecuaciónde los materiales y los métodosque empleaban en el programa.Dos ejemplos de este tipo dedatos siguen:

En una de las regiones tenlanuna sesiOn de trabajo de un diapara los administradores y losdirectores del proyecto de laescuela. El propósito princi-pal de esta sesiOn fue la ex-plicaciOn de los aspectos meca-nicos de operar el componente.Los temas que fueron discutidosinclulan: la contabilidad y elcontrol fiscal; la responsabilidad de los administradorespara a educaciOn de migrantes;y el reportaje estadistico.

Cincuenta y cuatro /De_ ;ones a-sistieron a la reunion. Losparticipantes tenian que com-pleter un cuestionario pare e-

valuer la sesiOn de trabajo. Unsumario de sus respuestas sepresenta en la Table 39.(Pad.24)

En una de las regiones pedlanque los distritos escolares e-valuesen la propiedad del Cali-fornia Achievement Test en me-dir el progreso de los estu-diantes migrantes. Recibieronlas evaluaciones de cuarenta ysiete distritos escolares. Es-tos cuarenta y siete distritnsdieron la siguiente evaluaci)ndel test:

Nueve por ciento lo halla-ron "muy apropiado".

Cuarenta y dos porlo hallaron "apropi

4_ento

Treinta y seis por ciento"no lo hallaron aprop.adoo prefirieron otro test".

Se's por ciento opintiera "inexcusable" usa

que'

Seis por ciento contestaronque no usaron el test, perono dieron ninguna opinion,sobre su eficacia.

XII. AREAS ESPECIALES

A. No condujerLn programas de edu-caciOn ocupacional vocacional,ni de edi1caci6n de nifios coniinpedimentos ilsicos o mentalesbajo el Plan de California parela Educación de Nifios Migran-

23

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TABLE 39 --- SUMMARY OF RESPONSES OF PARTICIPANTS INAND PROJECT DIRECTORS WORKS

Respondents: 54

Superir-tendents (8)

Princi-pals (8)

Excel-lent

Fair

Poor

Excel-lent

Good

Fair

7

87.5%

1

225%

12.5%4

50%

2

25%

ProjectDir. (20

3

15%

1470%

3

15%

6

75%4

50%

2

25%3

37.5%

1260%

7

35%

1

5%

Poor

Essen-tial

Impor-ta_t

Not Tm-portant

Wasteof time

Yes

1

12.5%

3 2

37.5% 25%

5 5

62.5% 62.5%

1050%

8

40%

1

12.5%9

1 0%

8 6

100% 75%1785%

1

5%

Unde-cided

2

25%

3

910 %

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SUMMARY OF RESPONSES OF PARTICIPANTS IN ADMINISTRATORSAND PROJECT DIRECTORS TA7ORKSHOP

: 54

n-ts (8)

Princi- Projectpals (8) iiir. (20)

Classi-Lied (8)

Unidentf-Lied (10)

Total(54)

.5%

2 3

25% 15%2

25%3 117

30% 31%

:.5%

4 14

50% 70%5

62.5%7

70%3157%

2 3

23% 15%

5

9%

5

-9,)0

4 12

50% 60%5

62.5%5

50%3259%

a

5%

3 7

37.5% 35%2

25%5

50%1935%

1

5%

1

2%

1

12.5%

1

12.5%2

4%

3

7.5%2

25%1050%

2

25%5

50%2241%

5

2.5%5

62.5%9

40%5

62.5%._,

50%2852%

1

12.5%2

10%-

1

2.5%4

7%

178S'.

8

100%9

90%4889%8

)0%

6

75%

1

5%

1

10%2

4%

?

25%2

10%

4

7%

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TABLA 39 --- SUMARIO DE LAS CONTESTACIONES DE LOS PARTICIPANTESPARA LOS ADMINISTRADORES Y DIRECTORES DE PROY

Participantes: 54

Superin-tendentes (8)

Directores deescuela (8)

Directores deproyectos (20)

<a11-1

Q<

Z H0 oH z

P1

c4> 0ril 0

Exce-lente

787.5%

2

25%3

15%

Bueno 1

12 5%4

50%1470%

Media-no

2

25%3

15%

Malo

<ar4 KCCI I-4o

Z Z104N

u 1.4< P14r4 z0ci o

. Exce-lente

6

75%4

50%1260%

Bueno --)

25%337.5%

735%

Media-no

1

5%-

. Malo,

1

12.5%

1<<

r4 HH OU ZE NE-I ril

(1) II4H Z<C11 8

Esen-cial

3

37.5%2

23%1050%

impor-tante

5

62.5%562.5%

8

40%

No Impor-tante

1

12.5%2

.

10%

Gas to deTiempo

2El

Z Zrs PI

HE- Hz c.)rzi o,. 6< u

:Si 8

100%6

75%1785%

:

I No 1

5%

Inde-ciso

225%

210%

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TESTACIONES DE LOS PARTICIPANTES EN LAS SESIONES DE TRABAJOaNISTRADORES Y DIRECTORES DE PROYECTOS

Directores deescuela (8)

Directores de IClasifi-proyectos (20) cados (8)

Nr) identifi-cados (10)

Total(54)

2 3 2 3 17

25% 15% 25% 30% 31%

4 14 5 7 31

50% 70% 62.5% 70% 57%

2 3 5

25% 15% 9%

4 12 5 5 32

50% GO% 62.5% 50% 59%

3 7 2 5 19

37.5% 35% 25% 50% 35%

1 1

5% 2%

1 1 2

12.5% 12.5% 4%

2 10 2 5 22

25% 50% 25% 50% 41%

5 8 5 5 28

62.5% 40% 62.5% 50% 52%

1 2 1 4

12.5% 10% 12.5% 7%

6 17 8 9 48

75% 85% 100% 90% 89%

1 1 2

5% 10% 4%

2 2 4

2-5% 10% 7%,

1_1

24

.5-44 Pr

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services which were supple-mentary to ongoi.a4 vocationaleducation programs especiallyfor migrant youth enrolled inthose schools.Special education programs forphysically, mentally, and neu-rologically handicapped chil-dren are authorized and espe-cially funded under Californialaw. All handicapped chil-dren, whether resident or mi-grant, are eligible for spe-cial educational servicesunder these programs.

B No changes occurred in theseprograms during this fiscalyear.

C All programs and servicesprovided under the CaliforniaPlan for the Education of Mi-grant Children are supplemen-tal to existing programs andservices made availablethr.Dugh all other regular andspecial funding sources.

XIII. CONSTRUC,TION - EQUIPMENT

A. No construction, other thanminor remodeling, was autho-rized under the CaliforniaPlan for the Education of Mi-grant Children. Only equip-ment necessary to the opera-tion of projects was authori-zed. All equipment purchased

was justified as needed, andunavailable through otherfunding sources, for the suc-cessful completion of activ-ities designed to meet pro-gram objectives.

XIV. SUPPORTIVE SERVICES

A. Interstate planning of sup-portive and other services tomigrant children was imple-

throughmented interstatemeetings of state directorsof migrant education. Healthservices to migrant childrenhave been recorded on uniformmigrant student transferrecords. This provided basicinformation for follow-up byreceiving states.

XV. PROGRAM INTEGRATION

A. The California Plan for theEducation of Migrant Childrenhas as a major objective thefull integration of migrantchildren into the mainstreamof American life. During theregular school term all mi-grant students were enrolledin regular classes with resi-dent students and in regulardistrict schools. Childrenwho needed specialized in-struction in Inglish as asecond language, special lan-

25

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tes. Aqueilos componentes que in-cluian las actividades en las es-cuelas secundarias provelan algu-nos servicios que eran suplementa-rios a los programas de educaciOnvocacional en operaciOn en las es-cuelas, especialmente para los j6-venes migrantes que estaban en es-tas escuelas.

Los programas de educzci6n espe-ciales para los nifios con impedi-mentos fisicos, mentales o neuro-l6gicos son autorizados y provis-tos con fondos especiales por laley del Estado. Todos los nifiosimpedidos, sean migrantes o resi-dentes, son elegibles para losservicios de la educación espe-cial bajo estos programas.

No ocurri6 ningrin cambio en estosprogramas durante este atio fis-cal.

C. Todos los programas y serviciosprovistos por el Plan de Califor-nia para la Educaci6n de Niflos Mi-grantes, suplementan los programasy servicios ya en existencia queson provistos por todas las otrasfuentes de fondos regulares y es-peciales.

CONSTRUCCION EQUIPO

A. No se autoriz6 ningün proyecto deconstrucci6n, excepto la recons-trucci6n y renovaci6n menor bajoel Plan de California para la Edu-caci6n de NiRos Migrantes. Sola-mente el equipo necesario para la

58

operaciOn de los proyecto2 fue au-torizado. Todo el equipo que fuecomprado, fue justificado comoequipo necesario para completarcon exito las actividade2 que fue-ron disefiadas para satisfacer losobjetivos del programa; y no se lopodT.a obtener de otro programa.

XIV. SERVICIOS DE SOPORTE

A. La planeaciOn entre estados delos seLvicios para los nifios mi-grantes fue implementada por reu-niones de los directores de losprogramas de Educaci6n de Migran-tes de varios estados. Los servi-cios medicales, que ha recibidocada nifio migrante son recordadosen los datos permanentes de losestudiantes migrantes. Esto pro-ve6 informaci6n basica para que elEstado recibiendo el estudiantepueda saber cuales servicios harecibido.

XV. IN2EGRACION EN EL PROGRAMA

A. El Plan de California para la Edu-caciOn de NiRos Migrantes tienecomo objetivo principal la inte-gración completa de los niflos mi-grantes en el corriente de la vidade los Estados Unidos. Durante elsemestre ,sscolar regular, todoslos niRos migrantes fueron coloca-dos en clases regulares con losniños residentes en distritos re-gulares. Los niflos que necesita-ban la instrucciOn especial enel ingles como idioma segundo(ESL), el programa especial del

25

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guage development programs,speech therapy, and otherspecial educational activ-ities were placed in specialclassrooms or grouped withinthe regular classroom forshort periods of instructionby specialist teachers andaides. For the greater partof each day, the childrenreceived instruction in acompletely integrated class-room.

Districts participating insummer school programs wererequired to carry on a regu-lar summr school program forresident students in orderthat migrane children couldagain be fully integratedwith resident students. Sincemost summer school programsnormally are organized to pro-vide programs during themorning only, special programswere provided during theafternoon which were designedtc include cultural enrich-ment, physical education,arts and crafts, and otherless formal curricula in-tended to bring about fullparticipation of migrant stu-dents with the resident pop-ulation in community activ-ities.

XVI. STAFF UTILIZATION

A. The California Plan for the

Education of Migrant Childrenemphasizes the use of non-professional personnel, in-cluding instructional aides,community liaison aides,health aides, bilingual aides,teacher assistants and others,who cz.-__1 provide supplementaryinstructional and supportiveservices for migrant children.These people have mainly beenadults, and are selected fromamong the migrant population,or those who have an under-stE ding for, and empathywit migrant children andfa ies. Volunteers have notbe lidely used by the Cali-fc a Plan. Rather, theyha been encouraged to as-si in programs which theCE _fornia Plan supplements.Pi ,fessional personnel haveben utilized to provide sup-port and assistance to regularclassroom teachers in servingthe needs of migrant children,and in providing supplementaryindividualized instruction.

Since all programs were fullyintegrated into regular dis-trict schools, school staffmembers at all levels providedbasic educational and ancil-lary services to migrant chil-dren.

26

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de-sarrollo en el lenguaje, laterapeutica del habla, y otrasactividades educacionales espe-cials fueron coll_ccados en cla-ses eLTeciales, o fueron agru-pados en las clases regularespara periodos cortoa .de ins-trucci6n por instructores espe-cialistas y sus asistentes. Du-rante la mayor parte de cadadia los niflos recibian la ins-trucciOn en una clase que eracompletamente integrada.

Los distritos clue participabanen los programas del veranofueron requeridos a proveer unprograma regular de escuela du-rants el veranto para que losniAos migrantes podian ser in-tegrados otra vez con los estu-diantes residentes. Desde quela mayoria de los programas dela escuela de verano estan or-ganizados para proveer progra-mas solamente durante la mananaproveian algunos programas es-peciales que inclulan el enri-quecimiento cultural, las ar-tes, la educacitin fisica, y o-

' tras clases informales, con laintencit5n de llevar a cabo laparticipación completa de losnifios migrantes con la pobla-ciön residente en actividadesde la comunidad.

UTILIZAC1ON DE LOSMIEMBROS PROFESIONALES

A. El Plan de California para laEducaciön de los Ninos Migran-

tes ha puesto gmfasis en el usodel personal no profesional,incluyendo a los asistento,=;

7'7=dalitesintercomunicacitin con la co-

munidad, los ayudantes medica-les, los asistentes bilingUes,los maestros auxiliares, y deotros, quienes pueden proveerla instrucciOn suplementaria ysoportiva para los niflos mi-grantes. Estas personas eranpor mayor parte adultos, y fue-ron seleccionadas de entre lapoblacián migrante, o por sucomprensi6n de, y empatia conlas familias de nifios migran-tes. El Plan de California pa-ra la EducaciOn de Nihos Mi-grantes no utilizaba mucho alos voluntarios. Ma's blen, loshan utilizado para proveer elsoporte y la ayuda en los pro-gramas a los cuales suplementael Plan de California. El per-sonal Profesional fue utilizadopara proveer el soporte y la a-yuda a los maestros de clasereglares en llenar las faltasde los nifios migrantes y enproveer la instruccidn indiv4-dualizada suplementaria.

Desde gue todos los programasfueron completamente integradosen las escuelas regulares dela facultad en todos nivelesproveian los servicios basicosy anciliarios a los niiios mi-grantes.

26

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VN7TT, 1\T 7W PROCAMS

A. No new programs were intro-duced during this fiscal year.There were, however, modifica-tions in both administrativestructy,rer and changes in pro-gram emphasis, which result7?din more efficient operation ofthe total program. It waspossible to extend services tochildren in an additionalthirteen districts, briny-ingthe total to 197. Local ef-fort was maintained through asystem of services agreementsbetween agency county super-intendents and school dis-tric4-,.. which specified thesuppl-,-entary services to befunded by the projects, aswell as those provided throughdistrict effort and othersources.

XVIII. PROGRAM CRITIQUE

A. The migrant education program,as implemented through theCalifornia Plan for the Educa-tion of Migrant Children, hasbeen effective in providingmany educational and ancillaryservices to migrant children.The Organization of the Plan,involving regional subdivi-sions, has proved effective inreducing costs and preventingduplication of services. Ithas, through services agree-ments with school districts,been able to eliminate thediversion of funds into gener-

al aid to the districts andfocus attention on identifiedmigrant children. Furtherrefinement of the Plan's ob-jectives and organizationalstructure is expected to im-prove its effectiveness dur-ing the 1971 fiscal year.California has been able toprovide a completely inte-grated program of educationalservices to migrant children,and to involve the total com-munity, including migrants, inthe planning of the program.

A number of problems, however,remain unsolved, and deservethe attention of those plan-ning the program at the na-tional level. Some of themost urgent of these arelisted:

Preschool Programs. Specialconsideration should be givento provision of funds for pro-grams for migrant childrenyounger than five years ofage. Not only is there muchresearch to support the thesisthat academic progress inschool is, to a large degree,dependent upon the environ-ment to which the young childhas been exposed prior to hisentry into the school. It isalso apparent that in many mi-grant families there if, a needfor some provision for care ofpreschool age children, ascare of younger siblings is amajor cause of absenteeismamong school age migrant

27

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XVII. PROGRAMAS NUEVOS

A. Durante este afio fisc-Al no in-troducieron ningdn programanuevo. Sin embargo, hicieronalgunas modificaciones en laestructura .administrativa y enel 6nfasis del programa, con elresultado de la operaciOn maseficaz del programa total. Fueposible extender los serviciosa los nifios en trece distritosadicionales, un total de 197.Los esfuerzos locales fueronmantenidos por un sistema de a-cuerdo con los superintendentesde las agencias de condados, ylos distritos escolares, queespecificaron los servicios su-plementarios que deblan recibirfondos del proyecto, tan hiencomo los que debian ser provis-tos por los esfuerzos del dis-trite y otras fuentes.

VIII. CRITICA DEL PROGRNMA

A. El programa de educaciOn paramigrantes, bajo el Plan de Ca-lifornia para la EducaciOn deNihos Migrantes, ha sido muy e-fectivo en proveer muchos ser-vicios educacionales y ancila-rios a los ninos migrantes. LaorganizaciOn del Plan con lainclusion de las subdivisionesregionales ha sido efectivo enreducir los costos y en preve-nir la duplicaciOn de servitdos. Por los acuerdos con losdistritos escolare_ ha podidoeliminar la d2vic_-s1.6n de losfondos en ayuda g -r.ral a los

.60

distritos, y ha podido ponertoda su atenciOn en los nifiosidentificados como migrantes.El refinamiento adicional delos objetivos del Plan y su es-tructura organizacional segura-mente va a aumentar su eficaciadurante el afio fiscal 1971.

California ha podido proveer unprograma completamente integra-do de servicio a los nihos mi-grantes, y de obtener la parti-cipaciOn de la entera comunidadincluyendo a los migrantes, enla planeaciOn del programa.

Algunos problemas, sin embargo,quedan sin soluciones, y mere-cen la atenciOn de los que pla-nean el programa al nivel na-cional. Algunos de los más ur-gentes siguen:

Programas de pre-escuela. UnaconsideraciOn especial se debea la provisiOn de fondos paralos programas para los ninosmigrantes que tienen menos de 5ahos de cdad. Hay muchas in-vestigaciones que soportan latesis de que el progreso acade-mico en la escuela depende mu-cho del ambiente en que vive elnifio antes de entrarse a la es-caela. Tambien es evidente queen muchas familias migrantes senecesita alguna provisiOn parael cuido de los niflos de la:3dad de la pre-escuela, desdecue el cuido de estos nihos es1 mayor causa de la ausenciade s hermanos mayores de la

27

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pupils. Since children underfive years of age are not, atpresent, considered in makingallotments of funds to thestates, any funds diverted to.breschool education programsreduces the amounts available,for programs for chldren ofschool age. These problemscannot be solved at the localor s-4ate level but requireFederal action.

Migrant Health. The physicaland mental health of migrantchildren is a continuing prob-lem. It is unreasonable toexpect that children debili-tated by disease or malnutri-

or suffering fromcarious teeth, or whose eye-sight or hearing is impaired,or those with severe psycho-logical problems can progresscoademically at a rate com-parable to those in vigorousgood health. A substantialnumber of migrant children arestill found to have a refer-

able physical health problemcapable of impairing theirability to learn. To dealadequately with the healthproblems of these children, inorder to render them fullyeducable, is beyond the pre-sent capability of healthagencies, and requires sub-stantial support from funds

primarily intended for educa-tional programs. A much high-

er level of support for bothfederal and state healthservices programs for migrantfamilies is indicated.

Funding. A continuing set ofproblems encountered by theState Department of Educationin .implementing 5he Titlemigrant program are related tofuhding. Although great pro-gress has been made, there isstill some uncertainty con-cerning the amount of fundswhich will be available forthe implementation of pro-grams. There is still insuf-ficient time after funding isassured to allow for adequateplanning and staffing of pro-jects, and plans made on a

contingency basis are rarelyas sound as those based on asolid financial foundation.rhe amount of funds is stillinadequate to meet any but themost pressing educationalneeds of some of the migrantchildren in California. Pro-grams have necessarily beenlimited to activities designedto meet only the highest pri-ority needs of migrant chil-dren in areas of highest con-centration of migrants. Thus,only some of the eligiblechildren receive somewhatlimited services for only apart of the year. Continuityof educational programs is

greatly affected and theresulting progress of migrantstudents is diminished.

28

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escuela. Desde que no se pro-veen ningunos fondos, al tiempopresente, para el cuido de ni-"hos que tienen menos de -Jincoahos de edad, todos los fondospara los programas de pre-es-cuela reducen la cantidad dedinero aprovechable para losprogramas para nifios de escue-la. Estos problemas no puedenser resueltos al nivel local odel estado, sino que requierenla acción Federal.

Salud de los Migrantes. La sa-lud mental y fisica de los ni-hos migrantes es todavia unproblema. No seria razonableesperar que los niflos debilita-dos por las enfermedades o porla maltrici6n, o que sufren condientes cariados, o que tienenla vision o la audici6n empeo-rada o que tienen problemas se-veros psicolOgicos, puedan pro-gregar en la escuela tan biencomc los nitios saludables y vi-gorosos. Muchos nihos migran-tes tienen todavia problemas dela salud que empeoran su habi-lidad de aprender.

Para tratar con los problemasde la salud de estos nirios, pa-ra que sean completamente edu-cables, es fuera de la capaci-dad actual de las agencias desanidad, y requiere el soportecuantioso de fondos que son pa-ra los programas educativos. Serequiere un nivel bastante mdSalto de soporte para los pro-

62

gramas iederales y del estadode servicios medicales para lasfamilias migrantes.

Fondos. Gran namero de losproblemas encontrados por elDepartamento de Educacion delEstado en llevar a cabo losprogramas para migrantes sonrelacionados con la cantidadinadecuada de fondos. Aunquehan hecho bastante progreso,todavia existe la incertidumbreconcerniente la cantidad defondos que serAn aprovechablespara el cumplimiento de losprogramas. No hay tiempo sufi-ciente, despues de que se hayaasegurado la financiación, parala planeaciOn de los programasy para organizar el personalpara los proyectos. Los planesque son hechos en esta manerano son tan buenos como los pla-nes que se hacen en una basema's stilida de financiación. Lacantidad de fondos es todaviainadecuada para satisfacer ma'sque las faltas más urgentes delos migrantes en California.

Sin embargo, nada mAs una partede los niftos elegibles recibenservicios limitados por nadamás que una porciOn del aho.Continuidad de los programas e-ducativos son afectados y elresultado dal Progreso de losalumnos migrantes esA rebaja-do.

28