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IR 052 149

Annual Report of the Librarian of Congress, 1986. Forthe Fiscal Year Ending September 30, 1986.Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.87234p.; For the 1985 report, see ED 273 292; for thesummary report for 1986, see IR 052 150.Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government PrintingOffice, Washington, DC 20402.Books (010) -- Reports - Descriptive (141)

MF01/PC10 Plus Postage.Annual Reports; Cataloging; Copyrights; *FederalPrograms; Information Science; Law Libraries; LibraryAdministration; *Library Services; LibraryStatistics; *National Libraries; ProgramDescriptions; *Research LibrariesCongressional Research Service; Copyright Office;*Library of Congress

ABSTRACTFiscal year activities are summarized for seven

organizational areas of the Library of Congress: (1)Administration--Office of the Librarian and Management Services; (2)National ProgramsAmerican Folklife Center, Children's LiteratureCenter, Educational Liaison Office, Exhibits Office, Federal Libraryand Information Center Committee, Information Office, NationalLibrary Service for the Blind and Physically Handicapped, andPublishing Office; (3) Congressional Research Service, includingexamples of help provided in congressional deliberations concerning anumber of major issues dealt with in the second session of the 99thCongress; (4) ?rocessing Services--cataloging, acquisitions andoverseas operations, bibliographic products and services, networking,and staff activities; (5) Research Services -- acquisitions, managementof collections, automation, preservation, services to readers,Performing Arts Library, publications, public programs, exhibits,administration, and basic workload; (6) Law Library - - publications andspecial projects, acquisitions, organization and personnel changes,professional activities, and collection access and organization; and(7) Copyright Office--workload and production, Copyright Officeregulations, legislative developments, judicial developments, andinternational meetings. Also included are lists of library and trustfund board officers, consultants, and library committee members;information on gifts or bequests; and an organization chart.Statistics on various activities are presented in 10 of the 15appendices. (KM)

************************************************************************ Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made *

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Annual Report 1986of the Librarian of Congress

for the Fiscal Year Ending September 30, 1986

Library of Congress Washington 1987

4

labtat% ,t Congteko, Catalog Caul Num li t-627i

ISSN 0083-1565 ho title .,intittal Itepott 01 the 1.11)1,ethen of (:otigteko,

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing OfficeWashington, D C. 20402

J

Contents

Joint Committee on the Library viLibrary of Congress Trust Fund Board vi

Forms of Gifts or Bequests to the Library of Congress vi

Officers of the Library viiCommittees of the Library xiiConsultants of the Library xiiiOrganization Chart xivLetter of Transmittal xviiIntroduction xix

1 Administration 1

2 National Programs 23

3 Congressional Research Service 40

4 Processing Services 50

5 Research Services 67

6 Law Library 80

7 Copyright Office 86

Appendixes A-1

1 Library of Congress Trust Fund Board A-22 Acquisitions and Acquisitions Work A-4:i Cataloging and Maintenance of Catalogs A-104 Cataloging Distribution A-135 Reader Services A-166 Services to the Blind and Physically Handicapped A-187 Photoduplication A-218 Preservation and Restoration A-229 Employment A-21

10 Financial Statistics A-2411 Legislation A-5012 Exhibits A-5113 Concerts. Lectures. and Other Programs A-5314 Library of Congress Publications A-5815 Litigation A-62

Index 1-1

JOINT COMMITTEE ON THE LIBRARY, 99TH CONGRESS, 2D SESSION

Representative Frank Annunzio,, ChairmanSenator Charles McC. Mathias, Jr., Vice Chairman

Members of the Committee. Senators Mark 0. Hatfield, John W. Warner, Daniel K. Inouye, Claiborne Pell,Representatives Al Swift, Mary Rose Oakar, Newt Gingrich, Pat Roberts. Chief Clerk: Hilary Lieber.

LIBRARY OF CONGRESS TRUST FUND BOARD

An act of Congress, approved March 3, 1925, as amended, created the Library of Congress Trust FundBoard, a quasicorporation with perpetual succession and all the usual powers of a trustee. including the powerto "invest, or retain investments" and, specifically, the authority "to accept, receive, hold, and administer suchgifts, bequests, or devises of property for the benefit of, or in connection with, the Library, its collections,or its services, as may be approved by the Board and by the Joint Committee on the Library" (2 U.S.C. 154-163).

A notable provision of the at (Section 2, last paragraph) permits endowment funds, up to a total limitof $10,000.000, to be treated as a perpetual loan to the United States Treasury, at an assured interest of atleast four percent per annum. Public Law 94-289 makes possible a higher rate when national economic condi-tions so dictate.

Members of the Board on September 30,,1986: James A. Baker, Secretary of the Treasury;, RepresentativeFrank Annunzio, Chairman of the Joint Committee on the Library; Daniel J. Boorstin, Librarian of Congress,Chairman and Secretory: Mrs. Mildred Lois Nichols Teas (term expires March 9, 19901 and 1. bora Laney Thorn-ton (term expires March 9, 1988).

FORMS OF GIFTS OR BEQUESTS TO THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS

OF MATERIAL

"To the United States of America,, to be placed in the Library of Congress and administered therein bythe authorities thereof."

OF MONEY FOR IMMEDIATE APPLICATION

General Gift: "To the United States of America, to be deposited with the Treasurer of the United Statesto the credit of the Library of Congress, subject to disbursement by the Librarian of Congress."

Specific Gift: "To the United States of America, to be deposited with the Treasurer of the United Statesto the credit of the Library of Congress. subject to disbursement by the Librarian of Congress in furtheranceof [describe purpose which may be any specific purpose consistent with the general program of the Libraryof Congress]."

Example: Gift or bequest to the Library facsimile program "To the United States of America, to be depositedwith the Treasurer of the United States to the credit of the Library of Congress, subject to disbursement bythe Librarian of Congress in furtherance of the Library facsimile program."

OF ENDOWMENTS OF MONEY, SECURITIES, OR OTHER PROPERTY

"To the Library of Congress Trust Fund Board, to be administered for the benefit of, or in connection withthe Library of Congress, its collections, or its service."

NOTE. Subject to federal statutes and regulations, gifts. bequests, or devises to the United States for thebenefit of the Library of Congress, including those to the Trust Fund Board. and any income therefrom generallyare exempt from federal and District of Columbia taxes.

vi

Officers of the LibraryAs of September 30, 1986

Daniel J. Boorstin, The Librarian of CongressWilliam J. Welsh, The Deputy Librarian of CongressDonald C. Curran, The Associate Librarian of Congress

OFFICE OF THE LIBRARIAN

Janet Chase. Special Assistant to The LibrarianJohn Y. Cole. Executive Director. Center for the BookJohn J. Kominski. General Counsel(Vacant). Executive Assignment and Classification

Appeals eificerArthur J Lieb, Executive OfficerAdoreen M. McCormick. Legislative Liaison OfficerJean B Metz, Selection OfficerWiliiarn H. Mobley. Principal Evaluations OfficerJames W. McClung, Regulations OfficerJohn W. Rensbarger. Chief Internal AuditorWilliam J. Sitting. Acting Director. Collections Devel-

opment OfficeJames R. Trew. Director. Library Environment

Resources OfficeCynthia A. Wilkins, Personnel Security OfficerRobert G. Zich, Director, Office of Planning and

Development

MANAGEMENT SERVICES

Glen A. Zimmerman, Associate Librarian for Manage-ment

Howard A. Blancheri. Executive OfficerCatherine M. Croy. Assistant Executive Officer(Vacant). Affirmative Action CoordinatorMorrigene Holcomb, Women's Program CoordinatorAlfred E. Mc Ewen, Chief, Equal Employment Oppor-

tunity Complaints Office

Automated Systems Office

Herbert S. Becker. Director, Automated SystemsOffice

William R. Nugent. Assistant Director for SystemsEngineering and Operations

Charlene A. Woody, Assistant Director for SystemsDevelopment

(Vacant), Chief, Computer Service CenterJames L. Myracle, Chief, Engineering Planning and

Development OfficeT. Arlene Whitmer. Chief. Systems Assurance OfficeHerbert T. Littlejohn. Chief. Systems Programming

OfficeJames S. Graber. Chief. Technical Systems OfficeJames L. Stevens. Chief, User and Production ServiceJames L. Godwin, Chief. User Applications Office

Central Services Division

Janet A. Smith. ChiefBobby F Dove, Assistant Chief

Financial Management Office

Richard H. Austin. ChiefJohn 0. Hemperley. Budget OfficerJohn A. Husovsky. Accounting OfficerEdwin M. Kriiitz, Disbursing Officer

Library Support Services Office

Gerald T. Garvey. Chief(Vacant). Buildings Management OfficerThomas M. Jones. Protective Services OfficerStephen E. Bush. Saiaty Officer

Personnel and Labor Relations Office

Louis R. Mortimer. Director of PersonnelPeter J. Watters., Counsel for PersonnelMartin F. O'Donoghue. Jr.. Labor Relations OfficerBarbara E. Young. Staff Relations Officer(Vacant). Health Services OfficerRalph L. Adams. Personnel Operations OfficerDonald R. Ware. Position Classification and Organi-

zation OfficerDavid D. Lombardo. Recruitment and Placement

OfficerSylvia Cooke Martin. Staff Trailling and Development

Officer

8

vii

Report of The Librarian of Congress, 1986

Photoduplication Service

Norman J. Shaffer, ChiefMary Ann Ferrarese, Assistant Chief for Bibliographic

ServicesCy Brownstein, Assistant Chief for Technical Services

Procurement and Supply Division

Floyd D. Hedrick: ChiefJohn G. Kormos. Assistant Chief

NATIONAL PROGRAMS

Ruth Ann Stewart, Assistant Librarian for NationalPrograms

Arnold G. Bellefontaine, Executive Officer

American Folklife Center

Alan Jabbour, DirectorRaymond L. Dockstader, Deputy DirectorJoseph C. Hickerson, Head, Archive of Folk Culture

Children's Literature Center

Sybille A. Jagusch, Chief

Educational Liaison Office

John Henry Hass. Educational Liaison Officer

Exhibits Office

William F Miner, Exhibits Officer

Federal Library and Information Center Committee

James P. Riley. Executive Director

Information Office

Nancy F. Bush, Information Officer

National Library Service for theBlind and Physically Handicapped

Frank Kurt Cylke, DirectorMary Jack Wintle, Assistant DirectorHenry B. Paris, Jr., Chief, Materials Development

DivisionMary Berghaus Levering, Chief, Network Division

Publishing Office

Dana J. Pratt. Director

viii

CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE

Joseph E. Ross, DirectorWilliam H. Robinson. Deputy DirectorJohn P. Hardt, Associate Director for Senior SpecialistsThomas W. Novotny, Associate Director for Manage-

ment Studies(Vacant), Associate Director for Research. Analysis.

and Multidisciplinary ProgramsHugh L. Elsbree, Jr.., Assistant Director for Policy.

Planning. and ReviewSusan C. Finsen, Coordinator of Management and Ad-

ministrative ServicesNancy A. Davenport, Coordinator of Member and

Committee RelationsJames R. Price, Coordinator of Automated Informa-

tion ServicesJames W. Robinson, Coordinator of Review

American Law Division

Richard C. Ehlke, ChiefCharles Doyle, Acting Assistant Chief

Congressional Reference Division

Catherine A. Jones, ChiefMargaret E. Whitlock, Assistant Chief

Economics Division

Leon M. Cole, ChiefRoger S. White, Assistant Chief

Education and Public Welfare Division

Earl Canfield. Chief(Vacant), Assistant Chief

Environment and Natural Resources Policy Division

David E. Gushee, ChiefJohn L. Moore, Assistant Chief

Foreign Affairs and National Defense Division

Stanley J. Heginbotham, ChiefRobert G. Sutter. Assistant Chief

Government Division

Frederick H. Pauls, ChiefDaniel P. Mulhollan, Assistant Chief

Library Services Division

Jack McDonald, Chief(Vacant), Assistant Chief

Officers of the Library

Science Policy Research Division

Richard E. Rowberg, ChiefJane Bortnick. Assistant Chief

COPYRIGHT OFFICE

Ralph Oman, Register of Copyrights and AssistantLibrarian for Copyright Services

Dorothy M. Schrader. General Counsel and AssociateRegister of Copyrights for Legal Affairs

Richard E. Glasgow, Assistant General CounselMichael R. Pew, Associate Register of Copyrights for

ManagementAnthony P. Harrison, Assistant Register of CopyrightsLewis I. Flacks. Policy Planning AdviserChristopher A. Meyer. Policy Planning AdviserMarybeth Peters, Policy Planning AdviserMichael D. Burke. Copyright Systems AnalystEric s. g. Reid. Senior Administrative OfficerDonette S. Vanden; Senior Administrative Officer

Receiving and Processing Division

Orlando L. Campos. Chief(Vacant). Assistant Chief

Cataloging Division

Peter R. Young. ChiefRaoul leMat. Assistant C:,ief

Deposits and Acquisitions Division

Laila Mulgabkar. Chief

Examining Division

Harriet Oler, ChiefJodi Rush. Assistant Chief

Information and Reference Division

Winston Tabb. ChiefJoan Doherty. Assistant Chief

Licensing Division

Walter D. Sampson. Jr.. ChiefJames P. Cole, Assistant Chief

LAW LIBRARY

LaVerne P. Mullin, Executive OfficerRoberta I. Shaffer, Special Assistant to the Law

LibrarianRose Marie Clemandot, Collection Services Officer

American-British Law Division

Marlene C. McGuirl. ChiefRobert L. Nay. Assistant ChiefLeverett L. Preble. Head. Law Library Reading Room

European Law Division

Ivan Sipkov. ChiefGeorge E. Glos, Assistant Chief

Far Eastern Law Division

Tao-tai Hsia. ChiefSung Yoon Cho. Assistant Chief

Hispanic Law Division

Rubens Medina. ChiefArmando Gonzalez. Assistant Chief

Near Eastern and African Law Division

Zuhair E. Jwaideh. ChiefAnton Wekerle. Assistant Chief

PROCESSING SERVICES

Henriette D. Avram, Assistant Librarian for Process-ing Services

Susan M. Tarr. Executive OfficerLaurie Smith Filstrup. Technical OfficerDonald P. Panzera, Assistant Exec,..,tive OfficerLouis Berube, Executive AssistantKathleen Pascale, Executive Assistant

Network Development and MARC Standards Office

Sally H. McCallum, Head

Technical Processing and Automation Instrt.ctionOffice

Judith P. Carman. Chief

Office of the Director for Acquisitionsand Overseas Operations

Robert C. Sullivan, DirectorCarleton W. Kenyon, Law Librarian Margaret R. Smith. Assistant to the Director

ix

10

Report of The Librarian of Congress. 1986

Cataloging in Publication Division

Judy C. McDermott. Chief(Vacant). Assistant Chief

Exchange & Gift Division

Peter H. Bridge. ChiefImre !army. Assistant Chief

Order Division

Michael W. Albin. ChiefLinda Pletzke. Assistant Chief

Overseas Operations Division

(Vacant). ChiefE. Christian Filstrup, Assistant ChiefLygia Ballantyne. Field Director. BrazilDonald F. Jay. Field Director. EgyptJohn C. Crawford. Field Director. IndiaE. Gene Smith. Field Director. IndonesiaJames C. Armstrong. Field Director. KenyaEunice S. Gupta, Field Director. Pakistan

Office of the Director for Cataloging

Lucia J. Rather. DirectorRobert M. Hiatt., Assistant to the Director

Decimal Classification Division

John P. Comaromi. Chief and Editor. Dewey Dec inialClassification

Melba D. Adams, Assistant Chief

Descriptive Cataloging Division

John D. Byrum. Jr ., ChiefWilliam R. Huntley. Assistant Chief

MARC Editorial Division

Susan H. Vita. ChiefCynthia J. Johanson. Assistant Chief

Office for Descriptive Cataloging Policy

Ben R. Tucker. Chief

Shared Cataloging Division

Michael H. Shelley. ChiefHugo W. Christiansen. Assistant Chief

x

Special Materials Cataloging Division

David A. Smith., ChiefPatricia S. Hines. Assistant Chief

Subject Cataloging Division

Mary K. Dewees Pietris. ChiefRegene C. Ross. Assistant ChiefEugene T. Frosio. Principal Subject Cataloger

Office of the Director forBibliographic Products and Services

Mary S. Price. Director(Vacant). Assistant DirectorLeo H. Settler. Jr Assistant to the Dinictor

Automation Planning and Liaison Office

Barbara J Roland. Chief

Catalog Management and Publication Division

Gloria H. Hsia. ChiefKay F Wexle:, Assistant ChiefPatrick S Bernard. Principal Editor

Cataloging Distribution Service

(Vacant), Chief(Vacant). Assistant ChiefRoberta A. Stevens. Customer Services Officer

Serial Record Division

Kimberly W. Dobbs. ChiefDorothy J. Glasby. Assistant ChiefLinda K. Bartley., CONSER Operations CoordinatorJulia Blixrud, Head. National Serials Data ProgramMarian B. Abbott., Editor. New Serial Titles

RESEARCH SERVICES

John C. Broderick. Assistant Librarian for ResearchServices

Warren M. Tsuneishi. Director for Area StudiesElizabeth F. Stroup., Director for General Reference(Vacant). Director for Special CollectionsCarolyn H. Sung. Executive OfficerTheodore E. Leach. Automation Officer

Officers of the Library

Edward A. D'Alessandro. Special Assistant for Plan-ning Management

Dorothy Denchy. Assistant Executive Officer

Performing Arts Library

Peter J. Fay. Head Librarian

Preservation Office

Peter G. Sparks. Director for PreservationLawrence S. Robinson. Assistant Director for Preser-

vationMatt T. Roberts. Binding OfficerBohdan Yasinsky. Preservation Microfilming OfficerChandru J. Shahani. Research OfficerPeter Waters. Conservation Officer

Area Studies

African and Middle Eastern Division

Julian W Witherell. ChiefBeverly Ann Gray., Head: African SectionMichael W. Grunberger. Head: Illbraic SectionGeorge N. Atiyeh: Head: Near East Section

Asian Division

Richard C. Howard: Acting Chief(Vacant). Assistant ChiefChi Wang. Head. Chinese and Korean SectionIlisao Matsumoto. Head., Japanese SectionLouis A bob. Head., Southern Asia Section

European Division

David li Kraus. Acting Chief(Vacant). Assistant Chief

Hispanic Division

Sara Castro-Klaren. ChiefJohn R. Hebert. Assistant ChiefDolores M Martin. Editor. Handbook of Latin Amen,

can StudiesGeorgette 1'4.1 Dorn. Specialist in I lispanic Culture and

Head. Reference Section

General Reference

Collections Management Division

Steven J Herman. Chief

12

Emmett G. Trainor, Assistant ChiefDiane Ne4ter Kresh, Public Service Officer(Vacant). Head., Book Service SectionEverett J. Johnson. Head. Collections Improvement

SectionDwight E. Moore. Head. Collections Maintenance

SectionRonald J. Jackson. Head. Special Serrch Section

Federal Research Division

(Vacant). ChiefCarol Migdalovitz. Assistant Chief

General Reading Rooms Division

Ellen Z. Hahn, ChiefSuzanne E. Thorin. Assistant ChiefJohn W. Kimball. Jr.. Head. Automation and Reference

Collect ions SectionJudith P. Austin. Head. Local History and Genealogy

SectionVictoria C. Hill. Head: Main Reading Room Section(Vacant). Head. Microform Reading Room SectionLloyd W. Shipley. Head. Resources Analysis SectionJames E. Stewart. Head. Social Science Reading Room

SectionR. David Myers. Head. Telephone Reference. Cor-

respondence, and Bibliography Section

Loan Division

Olive C. James. Chief(Vacant). Assistant ChiefBarbu Alim. Librarian in charge cf Library Station in

the Capitol(Vacant). Head. Loan Reference SectionCassandra R. Allen: Head. Circulation Section

Science and Technology Division

Joseph W. Price. ChiefJohn F. Price. Assistant ChiefKarl R. Green, Head., Technical Reports SectionConstance Carter. Head. Science Reference SectionGeza T. Thuronyi. Head. Special Projects Section

Serial and Government Publications Division

Donald F. Wisdom, ChiefBernard A. Bernier. Jr : Assistant ChiefAgnes Ferruso,, Head., Government Publications

SectionFrank J. Carroll. Head. Newspaper Section(Vacant). Head. Periodical Section(Vacant). Coordinator of Reference Service

xi


Special Collections

Geography and Map Division

John A. Wolter, ChiefRalph E. Ehrenberg, Assistant ChiefRichard W. Stephenson, Head, Reference and Bibliog-

raphy SectionDavid K. Carrington, Head, Technical Services

Section

Manuscript Division

James H. Hutson, ChiefDavid W. Wigdor,, Assistant Chief(Vacant),, Head, Preparation Section. and Technical

OfficerPaul I. Chestnut, Head, Reference and Reader Service

Section

Motion Picture, Broadcasting, and RecordedSound Division

Robert Saudek, ChiefPaul C. Spehr, Assistant ChiefGerald D. Gibson, Head, Curatorial SectionPatrick Sheehan, Head, Documentation and Reference

SectionRobert B. Carneal, Head, Laboratory Services SectionHarriet W. Harrison, Head, Processing Section

Music Division

Jon W. Newson, Acting Chief(Vacant), Assistant ChiefElizabeth H. Auman, Head Acquisition and Process-

ing Section

xii

Geraldine Ostrove, Head, Reader Services Section

Prints and Photographs Division

Stephen E. Ostrow, ChiefRenata V. Shaw, Assistant ChiefMary M. Ison, Head, Reference Section

Rare Book and Special Collections Division

William Matheson, ChiefPeter VanWingen, Head, Reference and Reader Ser-

vices Section(Vacant), Head, Processing Section

COMMITTEE TO SELECT PRINTS FORPURCHASE UNDER THE PENNELL FUND

Donald J. Saff, Michael Mazur, and Stephen E. Ostrow(ex officio)

PERMANENT COMMITTEE FOR THEOLIVER WENDELL HOLMES DEVISE

Daniel J. Boorstin, The Librarian of Congress, Chair-man, ex officio

Paul Mishkin, University of California at BerkeleyGerhard Casper, University of ChicagoRichard B. Morris, Columbia UniversityJames H. Hutson, Administrative Officer, Office of the

Devise

13

Consultants of the Library

POET LAUREATE CONSULTANT IN POETRY IN ENGLISH

Robert Penn Warren

HONORARY CONSULTANT

U.S. Cartographic History

Walter W. Ristow

14

Organization ChartAs of September 30, 1986

CONGEESSIONAL RESEARCH SEIVICE

011 1ee of Autos Msd infonnation ServicesOnion el Management and Administrative

Sergess0Moe of Mesita and Commas* MationsMoe of Meg MmHg% and Review°Moe 1 Raesswit, Ara** and Wit/.

disehoWAsy PrevemoOMNI of Swim SpecialistsSealer Speolailets

Modem Law MOMEssnomics DivisionId-ion and MSc Helm Divisionilinewnwastit and Naked Rseoutces

Foley DivisionForeign Make and National Defense

WidenGovemment DivisionLiana Policy Resew* Division

Wilco of Assignment. Reference, andSposiel Services

Congtessionsi Relemnos DivisionLawry Services Widen

MANAGEMENT SERVICES

Allitmativs Action MiceEqual Esuployannt Oppottunity

Compisinis ONictiWoment Program Mee

Aftwasied System Office

flCorbel Sendess Division

Ihmegsment MoeMom Supped Swims

ONisePen and Lem

astalless OEMPestedmilleaden ServicePfeetnement and Supply

Division

COPYMOHT OFFICE

Receiving andPH/Casing Dion

Cateloging DivisionDsposile and

Acquisitions DitleionExamining Division

mend RefelenceDivision

Licensing Division

15

LAW LIBRARY

AntetimmIkillets LawDivision

&mew Um MinionFat Eastern Law DivisionHispanic Law DivisionWm Imam and African

New Division

cr)

ttelfl

[

I

Letter of Transmittal

The President of the SenateThe Speaker of the House of Representatives

SIRS:

It is my privilege to submit this report of the activities of the Libraryof Congress, including the Copyright Office, for the fiscal year end-ing September 30,1986. It is accompanied by a copy of the annualreport of the Library of Congress Trust Fund Board.

LIBRARY OF CONGRESSWashington, D.C.

DANIEL J. BOORSTIN'I be Librarian of Congress

17

Introduction

Fiscal year 1986 was witness to a number ofaccomplishments throughout the Library of Con-gress despite the atmosphere of adversity thatpervaded the first part of the year. The firstquarter of the fiscal year saw an $18.3 millioncurtailment in Library funding. The next halfyear was characterized, first, by an attempt toimplement those reductions necessitated bydiminished funding; second, by efforts to restoresome of the lost funding and hence resumeactivities that had been curtailed or suspended;and, third, by a serious effort to carry on busi-ness as usual, or better.

By the time three-quarters of the year hadpassed, the damage done was in part repairedby an urgent supplemental appropriations billthat allowed for restorations in acquisitions,cataloging, and hours of service. Year's endwould bea. witness to a remarkable number ofsuccesses that came to pass despite reductionsof staffing levels and the freezing of vacancies,the suspension or postponement of specialprojects, reduced outlays in the always criticalareas of automation and preservation, the acqui-sition and cataloging of fewer research materi-als, and the redur:tion of hours of service and ofgeneral access to the buildings.

Now that some of the smoke has cleared, whatemerges is the healthy, vital, and dynamic insti-tution that the Library is known to be, as thechapters of this Annual Report will attest. Adescription of some of the year's more importantmilestones follows.

ACQUISITIONS AND PROGRAMS

Notable acquisitions of the year included the Na-tional Broadcasting Company's entire collectionof some twenty thousand early (1948-77) tele-vision programs, a collection that complementsthe NBC gift of some eighty thousand hours of

radio programming from 1926 to 1970 that thenetwork donated to the Library in 1978. TheGeography and Map Division, which also acces-sioned its four millionth cartographic item thisfiscal year, thus making it probably the world'slargest map library collection, acquired the firstfire insurance atlas of London, produced andhand-colored in the 1790s. The Law Library alsoacquired several important rare items, includinga first French edition of Blackstone's Com-mentaries.

The appointment of the Library's first PoetLaureate Consultant in Poetry, Robert Penn War-ren, followed the passage of legislation renam-ing this prestigious post and expanding theduties of the incumbent. Mr. Warren, previouslyConsultant in Poetry to the Library in 1944-45,is the only American writer to have won Pulit-zer Prizes in both poetry (twice) and fiction.

The American Folk life Center marked its tenthanniversary in 1986 with a yearlong observancethat included, in addition to the center's manyongoing projects, a scholarly colloquium onfolklife and educational programs, a specialseries of ten outdoor concerts, and the inauguralissue of Folk life Annual, a major new pub-lication.

The Center for the Book prepared for the cele-bration of its own tenth anniversary in 1987,which will coincide with and take as its theme"1987The Year of the Reader," an observancethat was established by congressional resolutionand signed into law by the President. This cele-bration is "aimed at restoring reading to a placeof preeminence in our personal lives and in thelife of our Nation."

SERVICES AND TECHNOLOGY

In the face of operational setbacks created bybudget cuts, Research Services was able to con-

18

xix


tinue two major important projects the inven-tory of the collections, despite an 80 percentreduction in the staff devoted to this project, andmaintenance of the National Referral Center(NRC) database following the abolition of theNRC itself. Adversity sometimes has strange sideeffects: increasing reliance on the claiming ofcopyright deposits turned out to be a positiveresult of budget difficulties as a cooperativeproject of staff members from the Science andTechnology Division and the Copyright Officeresulted in deposits and a savings of thousandsof dollars.

A new effort of great success in National Pro-grams was the staffing of the information desksin the Jefferson and Madison buildings withvolunteers drawn from the cadre of retiredLibrary staff members. Although this service isoffered only six hours a day, these volunteersnonetheless answered an average of five thou-sand questions a month,

The Copyright Office, while coping with a 6percent decrease in staff, nonetheless registereda record number of claims, nearly 4 percent morethan last fiscal year. The success was owed inpart to the continued application of COINS(Copyright Office In-Process System) to differ-ent aspects of the office's work, resulting inincreased efficiency, productivity, and speed.

The Congressional Research Service (CRS),particularly hard hit by fiscal 1986 budget reduc-tions, nevertheless handled more than 433,00.requests in the face of a 10 percent staffingreduction and the need to cut back the numberof CRS products and services. Ironically, the pas-sage and enactment of deficit reduction legisla-tion and its subsequent impact generatednumerous requests for assistance.. CRS con-tinued to explore and employ new technologiesto help the Congress deal with increasingly com-plex issues and to facilitate the Service's ownrlrformance of its tasks.

The managers of the Optical Disk Pilot Pro-gram, a splendid example of interdepartmentalcooperation Library-wide, continued to overseethe effective application of this new technologyto Library collections and services. The digitaloptical disk (or "print") retrieval system was

xx

made available to the public, and the staff con-tinued to evaluate patron use of the videodisk(or "nonprint") portion of the program.

The diethyl zinc (DEZ) mass deacidificationproject, though derailed by technological set-backs during the first part of the year, was thefocus of new management and technical initia-tives to put the program back on frac', and toreaffirm DEZ as a successful, efficient, and effec-tive solution to the major problem of paperdeterioration.

In Processing Services, the department'sinvolvement in strategic planning, begun in1985, aided immeasurably in the process ofexamining operations, setting new priorities,and restructuring the way the department car-ries out its mission with reduced funds.Emblematic of the achievements in ProcessingServices was the fifteenth anniversary of theCataloging in Publication Program, a projectonce attempted unsuccessfully several decadesago. By 1986, however, the accomplishmentswere remarkable: 400,000 titles, data preparedfor nearly 80 percent of the U.S, publishingindustry's output (excluding mass market paper-backs), plus comprehensive subject coverage, arecord number of participating publishers, andsuperior turnaround time.

At the end of the fiscal year, Congress had stillnot completed action on the Library's regularappropriations bill., The confc.:ence report,however, which was incorporated into an omni-bus continuing resolution, provided for a totalappropriation of $235,399,000 for the Library ofCongress, an increase of $14,263,000 over fundsavailable in fiscal 1986.

BUILDINGS

The very end of the fiscal year saw both an actualand a symbolic beginning of work on the long-awaited renovation/restoration of the Library'sJefferson and :dams buildings. All the moveswere completed to vacate those portions of thebuildings to be restored first, demolition andcleanup work in these areas were finished, andconstruction sites were erected outside the build-

19

Introduction

ings. On September 30, the contractor was givennotice to proceed with the actual Phase 1 con-struction work.

PERSONNEL

A number of significant changes in Library per-sonnel are reported this year, including severalmajor retirements or resignations and a numberof appointments, both from within and from out-side the Library, to posts at the chief level andabove.. Two major departmental appointments,however, to the positions of Assistant Librarianfor National Programs and Director of theCongressional Research Service, merit specialmention,

Joseph E. Ross became Director of the Congres-sional Research Service in March. The veteranof an eighteen-year career as a judge advocatewith the U.S. Navy, several years' experiencewith the U.S., Department of Justice, and Libraryexperience as both a senior specialist in Ameri-can public law and chief of the American LawDivision made him uniquely qualified to lead thedepartment that serves the research needs of theCongress. Mr., Ross had also served as assistantdirector of CRS for research and analysis in themid-1970s and as Acting Director from thebeginning of 1986.

Ruth Ann Stewart assumed the duties ofdirecting the multifaceted efforts of the NationalPrograms department in April.. Associated forsixteen years with the New York Public Library,first as assistant chief of the Schomburg Centerfor Research in Black Culture and last as Asso-ciate Director for External Services, she wasresponsible for an array of activities, includingpublications, resource sharing, networks, andpublic relations. As the National Programs chap-ter makes clear, Ms. Stewart's range of respon-sibilities at the Library of Congress will be noless diverse or challenging..

CONCLUSION

In the winter of 1986, it seemed that the phrase"Gramm-Rudman" was on everyone's lips everyhour of every day; by year's end, it seemed morelike a long-remembered echo. The lesson ofbudget reductions and their impact on a vitaland growing institution, however, will not bequickly forgotten, nor will anyone assume thatbudgetary problems have gone away: Nonethe-less, the Library can proudly remember that ina year that seemed bleak, there were majoraccompli hments, and, in fulfilling its missions,the Library staff neither forgot nor failed toachieve those goals that give the Library of Con-gress vitality.

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OFFICE OF THE LIBRARIAN

Legislative and Congressional Oversight

On November 13 President Reagan signed intolaw P.L. 99-151, an act making appropriationsfor the legislative branch for the fiscal year end-ing September 30, 1986, including funds for theoperation of the Library of Congress. Beforeenactment of this legislation the Library hadbeen funded under a continuing resolutionwhich went into effect on October 1, becauseCongress had not passed a Legislative BranchAppropriations bill before fiscal 1985 expired.Public Law 99-151 provided funding for theLibrary in the amount of $230,125,000, includ-ing authority to obligate receipts totaling$11,050,000. This was a reduction of $8,417,000from fiscal year 1985 appropriated amounts.Included in this appropriation were $138,047,000for Salaries and Expenses, Library of Congress,including the use of $4,300,000 in receipts;$38,963,000 for the Congressional ResearchService; $17,631,000 for the Copyright Office,including the use of $6,750,000 in receipts;$33,761,000 for Books for the Blind and Physi-cally Handicapped; $832,000 for the collectionand distribution of Library materials under theSpecial Foreign Currency Program; and$891,000 for furniture and furnishings. The sumof $5,785,000 was appropriated to the Architectof the Capitol for the structural and mechanicalcare of the Library buildings,

On December 12 President Reagan signed intolaw P.L. 99-177, a measure raising the statutorylimit on the public debt. Title II of the law isreferred to as the Balanced Budget and Emer-gency Deficit Control Act of 1985 (the Gramm-Rudman-Hollings Act). The law stipulates thatfederal budget deficits be decreased annuallyand specifies across-the-board spending cuts thatmust be taken to achie%e this result if Congress

1

does not meet the budget reduction targets dur-ing the appropriations process. Under theGramm-Rudman-Hollings Act, Library appropri-ations were reduced by 4.3 percent as a resultof the presidential sequestration order whichwent into effect in March, a cut of $9.8 millionfrom the amount appropriated.

Senator Daniel P. Moynihan introduced S.2276, a bill to amend the Gramm-Rudman-Hollings Act, on April 8. The bill sought toexempt programs, projects, and activities of theLibrary of Congress, the National Endowment forthe Humanities, and the Department of Educa-tion from sequestration or reduction under theact beginning after September 30, 1986. The billwas pending before the Senate at year's end.

President Reagan signed into law on July 2 anact making supplemental appropriations for thefiscal year (Public Law 99-349). The supplemen-tal appropriation included $867,000, a restora-tion of some of the funds cut from the Library'sbudget by the Gramm-Rudman-Hollings Act.The additional funding allowed the Library nresume normal hours of public service, whichhad been curtailed in March when the Gramm-Rudman-Hollings budget sequestration wentinto effect. The appropriation also allowed forthe acquisition and cataloging of urgentlyneeded research materials.

Public Law 99-194, signed into law by Presi-dent Reagan on December 20, contained anamendment to the National Foundation on theArts and Humanities Act to rename the Library'sPoetry Consultant the Poet Laureate Consultantin Poetry. The legislation authorized an appro-priation of $10,000 to the National Endowmentfor the Arts for an annual program at which thePoet Laureate Consultant in Poetry would pre-sent a major work or the work of other distin-guished poets.

The Librarian and other Library officials testi-fied before the Subcommittee on Legislative

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Branch Appropriations, House Committee onAppropriations, and the Subcommitt "' on Legis-lative Branch Appropriations, Senate Colima-tee on Appropriations, on February 20 andJune 25, respectively, to request $266 million forthe Library's fiscal 1987 budget. In his testimonythe Librarian discussed the damage done to theLibrary because of the 1986 budget reductionsand the additional subsequent cuts under theGramm-Rudman-Hollings budget sequestration.The Librarian called upon the Congress to takemeasures to repair the damage done by theunprecedented cuts in 1986. He outlined theconsequences of these cuts on the future of theLibrary and concluded with the followingstatement:

The cause of knowledge is the mostgeneral of all interests for a free peo-ple. The beneficiaries of knowledge.of the information supplied to Con-gress, and the free explorers ofknowledge, are everywhere. Theirlargest numbers are still unborn. Wewill fail in our duty to our posterityif we do not hand on to them the fullystocked, properly organized treasureof wisdom of the past which it hastaken us two centuries to accumulate..

As a servant of the Congress, I begthis committee to do what it can torepair the damage being done bybudgetary cutsto restore your greatresource of knowledge, your Libraryto its stature, its progress and itspromise.

The Librarian of Congress and other Library offi-cials testified at an oversight hearing of the JointCommittee on the Library on May 7, The maintopic concerned the effects of the Gramm-Rudman-Hollings budget reductions and base cutsin the 1986 appropriations on the Library, Otherissues discussed included the renovation andrestoration program in the Thomas Jefferson andJohn Adams buildings, status of the Mass BookDeacidification Project, experiments with opticaldisks, and advances in Library automated systems.

The Deputy Librarian of Congress testified onApril 28 before the Subcommittee on Legislative

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Branch Appropriations, House Committee onAppropriations, concerning Library of Congresstelecommunications needs. The purpose of thehearing was to survey the telecommunicationsneeds and plans of legislative agencies in aneffort to affect economies and standardizationthrough centralization of services. On July 16.H.Con.Res. 367 vas introduced, which providedfor development and implementation of a coor-dinated plan for telecommunications systems forthe House of Representatives, the Senate, andagencies of the legislative branch, including theLibrary. Subsequently, Section 305 was addedto the Legislative Branch Appropriations billauthorizing the Architect of the Capitol to coor-dinate telecommunications for legislative sup-port agencies.

H.R. 4545 was introduced in the House onApril 9 to authorize appropriations for theAmerican Folklife Center for fisciat 1987, 1988.and 1989. On June 24 the Librarian and thedirector of the American Folklife Center testifiedbefore the Task Force on Libraries and Memo-rials of the Committee on House Administrationin behalf of H.R. 4545, The bill; which passedthe House on September 16, authorized a totalof $2,763,000 for three years in appropriations..H.R. 4545 was reported and passed by the Senateand approved by the President on October 16.1986; making it Public Law 99-473.

On July 14 representatives of the Library metwith officials from the National Archives and theClerk of the House to establish procedures forthe retention and storage of videotape proceed-ings of the House of Representatives. Linder thearrangement recommended by the Majority andMinority Whips. both the Library of Congressand the National Archives will retain a copy ofHouse floor proceedings, The Library has beenretaining the audio tape. since 1979. On July 29the Senate approved continuation of televisioncoverage of Senate proceedings. The Library andNational Archives will also store and serviceSenate video proceedings.

On September 8 the Library held a briefing forcongressional staff with oversight responsibili-ties concerning the Mass Book DeacidificationProject. The briefing was held to review the

Administration

NASA safety report on the fires at the GoddardSpace Flight Center, the site of the test facilityfor the book deacidIfication program, and toexplain the Library's plans for the Mass BookDeacidification Facility at Fort Detrick,Maryland.

The Legislative Liaison Office answered over1,400 congressional requests for informationabout Library of Cons ress programs and policy,a 20 percent increase over the previous year. TheGramm-Rudman-Hollings Act alone generatedwell over 100 inquiries. The Legislative LiaisonOffice coordinated all non-CongressionalResearch Service and non-Law Library requestsexcept for loans of books. During the year,21,880 requests were responded to from unitsother than the Congressional Research Service.In addition, the Loan Division loaned 38,228books to congressional offices.

Executive Session

Meetings of Executive Session serve as a forumfor the announcement and discussion of actionsor programs and formulation of policies whichaffect the Library and its units. Typical of itemswhich may be reported or deliberated upon bysession members are new Library activities,changes in administrative procedure, congres-sional action affecting the Library, and LC'sinvolvement in cooperative endeavors with out-side libraries, governments, and organizations.The Deputy Librarian is chairman of the Execu-tive Session, and members include the AssociateLibrarian, all department heads, and severalother top management officials.

In fiscal 1986 the Executive Session devotedmuch attention to the impact of reduced fund-ing upon the Library. Specific cost-saving mea-sures discussed and implt.:nented included ahiring freeze, reductions in force, and reductionsin subscription and binding expenditures andhours of public service. Reports on the progressof the Library's Mass Book DeacidificationProject were received at several meetings,including LC's response to setbacks in the pro-gram and the establishment of priorities for

23

materials to receive deacidification treatment. Areport presented to Executive Session by staffwho served as consultants to the Los AngelesPublic Library following its major fire served asthe impetus for administrative action toward thecreation of a disaster plan for the Library.

Broad-based administrative matters whichwere the subject of deliberation included theestablishment of a daycare center for the chil-dren of Library employees, labor relations poli-cies and practices, work-related injuries, timeand Ettendance record-keeping practices, auditreports, and various internal reorganizations.Often an action or program was discussed atseveral meetings as the subject evolved; suchwas the casd with the RBP Associates study onthe Library's affirmative action programs, theUnited Statss adherence o the Berne CopyrightConvention, renovation and restoration ofLibrary buildings, and procurement of a newtelecommunications system. Fiscal 1987 willlikely bring to the Executive Session discussionof the Library's strategic automation plan, theenactment of a new federal employees retirementsystem, and LC's response to the RBP Associatesstudy..

Office of the General Counsel

The Library's budget and appropriations legis-lation resulted in litigation in two separate butrelated instances. Although silent in appropri-ations language the congressional action todelete $103,000 from the budget of the Nation-al Library Service for the Blind and PhysicallyHandicapped was directed at denying funds forthe production of Playboy magazine in braille.Although not legally bound by that congres-sional direction, the Librarian made it clear thathis relationship with the Congress was not a"legalistic one." He would comply with what hedescribed as the "sense of the Congress," how-ever, and directed that no contract for reproduc-tion in braille be awarded for Playboy magazinein 1986. The American Council of the Blind, theBlinded Veterans Association, Playboy Enter-prises, Inc., and others filed suit in the U.S. Dis-

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trict Court (DC) challenging the Library's action,calling it censorship which effectively deniedcertain blind users of NLS/BPH services theirFirst Amendment rights. The Court agreed. Firstin a bench decision and later in a written opin-ion, Judge Thomas F. Hogan found that the prac-tical effect of the Librarian's decision was toaccept the purpose of the congressional actionand thus the Librarian adopted it. That action,the Court concluded, was viewpoint discrimi-nation.

The reduction of appropriations due toGramm-Rudman-Hollings brought about areduction in hours in the Library's readingrooms. As a result, a group calling itself "BooksNot Bombs" took it upon itself to attack the Presi-dent's budget by, among other things, staging asit-in in the Main Reading Room, as a protest tothe Library's reduced hours. The group, in effect,was determined to "keep the reading room open"beyond its new 5:30 P.M. closing time. TheLibrary took no action the first two nights, hop-ing that the demonstration, which lasted untilthe former closing time of 9:30 P.M., wouldmake its point and discontinue. It did not. Onthe third night of the sit-in, the Library, pursuantto proper police procedures, began arrestingthose who remained after Library officers gavethe proper warnings and time to respond. In all,eighteen arrests were made, and four of thosearrested quickly pleaded guilty to the mis-demeanor of unlawful entry; they were fined orgiven community service or both: Fourteen ofthose arrested secured attorneys to fight thecharges against them. Four of those pleadedguilty before trial and the so-called "Library Ten"were tried in the Superior Court for the Districtof Columbia before Judge Noel Anketell Kramerand a jury. Eight of the ten on trial were con-victed and were given sentences ranging from90 to 300 days of community service and oneyear of supervised probation.

Legal opinions soared to a record 428, exceed-ing by 50 :revious record, which had stoodfor fourteen years. Telephone inquiries and in-formal requests for legal opinions totaled 2,654,

a 9 percent increase over last year and thehighest total ever. Fiscal 1986 also brought the

4

greatest numbers of lawsuits filed in one year atotal of 24 new cases or appeals.

One of the year's most significant additions tothe collections was the gift by the Nationaldroadcasting Company of early television kine-scopes. This gift did not come without its legalproblems, howevar, since a delay in transferringthe kinescopes of news broadcasts was a con-dition of the gift. Although title would pass tothe entire collet:, certain of the materialswould remai'i in New York for easy access byNBC, and eventually these materials would betransferred when the donor had made copies.Shortly after acceptance of the gift the Librarydiscovered that many other non-news programsalso had been retained by NBC for marketingpurposes. As the year ended, the problemremained unresolved.,

In past years, the recovery of motion picturesreturned to the delinquent depositors under theMotion Picture Agreement (MPA) has beenbetter than 90 percent. Problems have arisenwhen a depositor fails to understand that a filmdeposited for copyright becomes the property ofthe United States. Although the film is loanedback to the depositor under the terms of theMPA, an archival-quality, best-edition copy maybe demanded within a two-year period. Whena recall is made, often the depositor no longerhas the film or has only one copy in the originaledition and does not want to return it. To resolvethis problem, the Office of the General Counseland the Copyright Office developed a modifiedMPA under which printmakers with ten or fewercopies of a film can deposit a nonreturnable%-inch videotape of the motion picture instead.The Library then has five years to make up itsmind as to whether or not it will request a "bestedition film print" under the MPA.

Collections Development Office

The Collections Development Office continuedits role as the coordinating and policy-makingunit in matters relating to the acquisition, selec-tion, evaluation, organization, and preservationof the Library's collections.

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Administration

Three seminars on foreign acquisitions wereheld, bringing together specialists from theacquisitions. cataloging. and reference sectorsto discuss problems and possible solutions. Thefirst seminar was devoted to Western. Central.and Southern Africa. the second reviewed acqui-sitions from Southeast Asia. and the third waddevoted to India. Pakistan. Bangladesh. SriLanka. Bhutan. and Nepal.

Conversion from Special Foreign Currencyfunding to dollars occasioned an intensivereview of the Library's needs and programs. Pri-orities were established for the overcommittedmicroformatting program in New Delhi.

The dominant trend in acquisitions during theyear was the reduction in book fund appropria-tions. with the possibility of further reductionsin the future. These. together with the rapiddecline in the value of the U.S. dollar againstforeign currency. necessitated a serious exami-nation of purchases, the majority of which areof foreign materials.

The office cooperated with Processing Ser-vices in revising the blanket-order specifica-tions. The new specifications give dealers lesslatitude in meking selections and place moreresponsibility on the recommending officers insupplementing the dealers' choices.

The number of acquisitions recommendationsmade during the year decreased by 9 percent.in part because of the impending shortage offunds. Hard-copy serial subscriptions werereviewed and some 2.060 current subscriptionswere recommended for cancellation. with anestimated annual saving of over $210.000.

The Selection Office completed its review ofa large arrearage of uncataloged German andRussian books and began a review of miscellane-ous publications which had been in storage forover thirty-two years. The publications includebooks. pamphlets. and other materials whichhad never been fully examined. Although themajority of the materials found were discarded.some choice items were discovered. includingsix linear feet of sheet music. five hundred earlyLatin American imprints. forty nineteenth-century publications dealing with the provinceof Aceh in North Sumatra. valuable pamphlets

in various African languages. a group of pre-World War II pamphlets in the Sorbian (Wend-;:-.11) language, and thirty important Swedishimprints, Of special interest was an elaborateprogram giving the order of precedence at thecoronation of Czar Alexander II of Russia in1881,

Progress was made on review and reselectionof the Shared Cataloging Division's arrearages.In cooperation with the ce.ealogers in that divi-sion. the Selection Office reviewed much of theuncataloged m'terial in Greek and German.,Most of the items to be retained will be givenminimal-level cataloging:

The Selection Office trensferred to the R.dreBook and Special Collections nivision a collec-tion of pamphlets associated with subversiveand radical activities in the United States from1900 to 1950. Represented in the collection aretracts and leaflets that document specific organi-zations. movements. and philosophical varia-tions. often too short-lived to be recorded infuller studies.

The principal evaluations officer. in consul-tation with Library specialists. completed evalu-ations of gifts. deposits. materials for exchange.and loans to other institutions amounting to $6.5million. Among the works evaluated were animportant collection of turn-of-the-century pho-tographs by Joseph T, Kelly. an associate ofAlfred Stieglitz and proponent of art photogra-phy: motion picture materials donated byElizabeth Taylor: gift collections of Vernon Dukeand George Gershwinf and a gift of papers ofMargaret Mead to supplement those alreadyreceived.

The Preservation Policy Committee. chairedby the director of the Collections DevelopmentOffice. submitted recommendations to theDeputy Librarian for the systematic deacidification of the massive retrospective classified col-lections.. The committee recommended thatthose classes of g:eatest importance to the Li-brary's overall missionclasses E (American his-tory). KF (American law). PN (Literary history).F (United States local history). and Z (Bibliog-raphy and library science) should be includedin the earliest phases of the program.

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The office worked closely with the NationalPreservation Program Office and the divisionsof Research Services to arrange for the Library'sparticipation in two Research Libraries Group(RLG) preservation projects. Americana im-prints. 1876-1920. and Chinese monographsand serials of the early twentieth century.

The Library agreed. at the request of RLG. toaccept primary collecting responsibility forfifteen narrowly defined subject areas in agricul-ture. hunting. wildlife management. zoology.and mic. Jbiology. To date the Library hasaccepted responsibility for 120 subject areas andthus agreed to maintain the current level of col-lecting in these areas.

Center for the Book

The Center for the Book, which was establishedby law in 1977 to stimulate public interest inbooks, reading, and the printed word, continuedits active program of symposia, projects, andpublications. Two highlights may be singledout: the continued creation of state and regionalcenters that affiliate with the center and thegrowing enthusiasm for "1987 - The Year of theReader."

During the year $218.300 was received fromfifty-four donors for general support and for spe-cial projects.

The Executive Council. restructured in 1985and currently chaired by Simon Michael Bessieof Harper & Row. met three times. The councilprovides advice about the center's program andfundraising. It developed guidelines for the crea-tion of state and regional centers and. in accor-dance with those guidelines, approved newcenters in Oregon, Oklahoma, the Upper Mid-west (Minnesota. North Dakota, South Dakota).and Wisconsin. Four meetings of ad hoc pro-gram committees were held on the topics ofreading development, the international role ofthe book. the history of books and printing, and"1987 -The Year of the Reader."

The center sponsored three symposia in1986- "Book Studies in the Soviet Union andEastern Europe" (with the Association for the

6

Advancement of Slavic Studies). "CollectingChildren's Books" (with the Children's LiteratureCenter). and "The Oxford English Dictionary"(with Oxford University Press). Lectures spon-sored during the year included Ward Ritchie's"Fine Printing: The Los Angeles Tradition." Har-rison Hayford's "Editing as Discovery: What Mel-ville Really Wrote." Lawrence Clark Powell's"Next to Mother's Milk," and Robert Burchfield's"The Oxford English Dictionary and the State ofthe Language."

A new reading promotion project with NBCTelevision. titled "Books Make a Difference: AnNBC/Library of Congress Project." began in July.It features spot announcements about the plea-sures of reading presented by performers fromNBC's top-rated programs. NBC produced anddistributed 10.000 copies of a poster promotingthe project, The new project meant that theLibra!), had developed reading promotion proj-ects with all three of the major commercialnetworks.

Over fifty reading messages were presentedafter television programs as part of the Libraryof Congress/CBS Television "Read More AboutIt" project, Highlights included messages byChicago Bears star Walter Payton during theNational Football League Championship gameand by pianist Van Cliburn following the spe-cial performance by Vladimir Horowitz on "Sun-day Morning." Cap'n O.G. Readmore, thefeatured performer in the Library's project onABC Television, continued to host the weeklyABC Saturday afternoon "Weekend Special" andwas the star of his own half-hour special. "Cap'n

Readmore's Jack and the Beanstalk.,"On November 15 the center and the American

Library Association opened "A Nation ofReaders," an exhibition of forty-one photographscelebrating reading throughout America.

House Joint Resolution 671 designating 1987as "The Year of the Reader" was introduced inthe House on July 16. S.j.Res. 397 was intro-duced in the Senate on August 13. The resolu-tion authorizes and requests the President toissue a proclamation encouraging activities"aimed at restoring reading to a place of pre-eminence in our personal lives and in the life

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Administration

of our Nation." The House passed the resolutionon October 1 and the Senate agreed to it on Octo-ber 3. On October 16 the President signedH.J.Res. 671, making it Public Law 99-494. Thecenter adopted "1987The Year of the Reader"as its tenth anniversary theme. By year's end overa dozen national organizations and six state bookcenters had endorsed the theme and were plan-ning "Year of the Reader" projects and activities.

Council of Scholars

The major activity of the Council of Scholarsduring 1986 was the symposium "ScholarshipToday: The Humanities and Social Sciences,"held in April. At preliminary meetings the coun-cil concluded that modern scholarship wasafflicted with a proliferation of inferior publi-cations of all types and that the problem neededto be investigated in all of its aspects. The resultwas the symposium, in which thirty-five sp'akers,council members, and guests participated.

On the topic "What's Going on in ModernScholarship" Jacques Barzun of Columbia Uni-versity spoke on "The Defining Characteristicsof Modern Scholarship"; Ricardo Quinones ofClaremont College on 'The Epidemic of Theory";and Robert Oakman of the University of SouthCarolina on "Computers and Modern Scholar-ship." On the topic "The Midwives (or Media-tors) of Modern Scholarship," Jaroslav Pelikanof Yale University spoke on "The AcademicMentor"; John Hope Franklin of Duke Universityon "The Foundations"; Samuel Vaughan, Ran-dom House,, on "The Publishers"; and JohnGross, the New York Times, on -The Reviewers."Finally, on the topic "Impact of Modem Scholar-ship" John Broderick. Assistant Librarian forResearch Services, spoke on "The Cost of a BadBook"; Henry Kissinger, former Secretary ofState, on "Does Scholarship Matter?" and JohnBrademas, of New York University, on "Scholar-ship and Public Policy." The concluding sessionbegan with comments on the symposium'spapers by Gertrude Himmelfarb, City Universityof New York; Simon Michael Bessie, Harper &Row; and Carroll Orr, University of Tennessee

Press. The proceedings of the symposium willbe published after a concluding session onscholarship is held.

Optical Disk Pilot Program

Fiscal 1986 was a particularly significant yearfor the Optical Disk Pilot Program. Several proj-ect goals were realized and at the end of the yearpositive progress was in evidence toward furtherobjectives.

Installation of a semiautomatic high-speedscanner, a 100-disk-capacity jukebox utilizingproduction-level glass disks, and a two-dimensional compander marked major upgradesof the hardware used in the print portion of theoptical disk system. Thirty-one disks have beenfilled and loaded into the Jukebox, and docu-ments from them are available for retrieval.

Three files of material were made available forpublic use during the past year. The full text ofabout four thousand periodical articles andgovernment documents, retrievable under theSCORPIO/BIBL system, make up the first file.Scanning these items provided initial experiencein linking an optical disk database with an exist-ing online index. In the course of building thisfile, many hardware, software, and retrievalissues were resolved and the file was made avail-able for public use in January.

The issues of the Congressional Record for the99th Congress (1985-86) were scanned as thesecond optical disk file.. Further challenges inlinking exact page citations from an online indexto images on disk were met successfully, andvaluable information was gained on the capa-bility of the system to capture dense textualmaterial in small print. The file was opened forpublic use in March

A small file of autograph letters from theManuscript Division was selected as the thirdfile for conversion to disk. It offered the oppor-tunity to create an online retrieval system formanuscripts, to gain experience in preparationand handling of rare materials, and to judge theapplicability of the new technology to oldermaterials.

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Y .21 s end saw the first scanning of test issuesfor the serials file, which will consist of entireissues of periodicals for which the Library hasreceived copyright permissions from the pub-lishers. Article- and issue-level access will beprovided through a combination of in-houseindexing and a conversion of the InformationAccess Corporation's Magazine Index.

File design and scanning requirements werealso being examined preliminary to beginningwork on a file of maps to be added to the pilotprogram in the coming year.

An online questionnaire has been utilized togather information about user satisfaction withthe optical disk system. In addition, the systemautomatically records the number and type ofuser sessions for statistical analysis. These data,supplemented by interviews with public users,will provide valuable information for planningthe future of optical disk technology in theLibrary. The degree of interest in use of the tech-nology is supported by the number of requestsfor tours and demonstrations.

In July the Optical Disk Advisory Committee,representing libraries, publishers, and trade asso-ciations, presented to the Library a set of ,guide-lines for the conversion of printed materials tooptical disk. These guidelines were accepted onbehalf of the Library by the Deputy Librarian.

Initial work in preservation testing to deter-mine the life of the disks themselves was per-formed by technical staff in the AutomatedSystems Office.

The Prints and Photographs videodisks con-tinued to have high visibility in the nonprintphase of the Optical Disk Pilot Program; the con-cept of machine-readable textual records linkedwith images instantly available on an adjacentvideo monitor is obviously beneficial to theinterrelated problems of access, preservation,and security encountered in all visual materialscollections. A second videodisk user station wasinstalled in the reading room in order to accom-modate the numerous demonstrations. In Janu-ary a second videodisk containing the Cabinetof American Illustration, American CartoonDrawings Collection, and Architectural DrawingCollection became available in the reading room.

8

Seventeen thousand caption records fortwenty thousand items reproduced on videodiskare available through the videodisk computerindex. Approximately thirty thousand addi-tional records will be loaded as soon as they canbe reviewed and edited. The following collec-tions are now fully available through the video-disk computer index: Abdul Hamid Collection,Detroit Publishing Company Large Format ColorPhotos, U.S. Farm Security AdministrationColor Slides and Transparencies, U.S. Office ofWar Information Color Slides and Transparen-cies, Historic American Buildings Survey Draw-ings for Mississippi, and World TransportationCommission Collection. Fourteen hundredrecords for the U.S, posters in the Yankbr Col-lection have also been loaded into the database.In addition, nearly all of the fifteen thousandDetroit Publishing Company Glass Photonega-tive and Glass Transparency Collection recordshave been drafted and approximately seventhousand records loaded into the database.Records for 80 percent of the American CartoonDrawings Collection have also been loaded; thefour thousand Cabinet of American Illustrationrecords have been drafted and await editingbefore being loaded.,

An average of twenty researchers per monthmade use of the Prints and Photographs video-disks. That number is expected to grow signifi-cantly as more captions become available. Thesystem helped researchers seeking cartoons.Panama Canal scenes, illustrations of Hewlettloading machines, World War II images in color.photographs by William Henry Jackson, and pic-tures concerning taxation; to name a few of thesubjects recorded on the logsheet kept at the userstations.

Office of Planning and Development

A survey of staff who used the print or digitaloptical disk portion of the optical disk systemwas conducted by the Office of Planning andDevelopment. This phase of the evaluation of theoptical disk system measured satisfaction withtraining, documentation, equipment, and print-

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Administration

ing, system reliability, and materials to bescanned. Staff found no major flaws with thesystem and saw its usefulness primarily as anaccess tool. Some problems were experiencedviewing nontextual materials, and care in choos-ing materials for inclusion was recommended.The survey findings were published in the Julyissue of College and Research Libraries. Asecond staff use test was administered in Decem-ber and showed a marked increase in systemreliability.;

After the public opening of the retrieval sys-tem on January 23, a questionnaire to secureinformation about optical disk system users andtheir evaluations of the system was placed atoptical disk terminals in four reading rooms. Arevised text of the questionnaire was put inmachine-readable form and released online tothe public in the spring. Every user now has theoption of filling out the questionnaire in connec-tion with any session at the terminals.

The office continued to monitor a contractwith Sterling Software (formerly Informatics,Inc.), a private firm contracted to collect andanalyze data from the user surveys mentionedabove, as well as from interviews conducted inthe print portion of the program. The OpticalDisk Interface System (ODIS), which tracks usertransactions and responds to inquiries, providesa complete computerized record of all actiontaken at each terminal. Using these data, Ster-ling Software submitted its first preliminaryreport on patron use of the system. The reportsuggested through examples the range of datato be supplied, as well as the format in whichto display it.

In the nonprint portion of the program, sur-veys indicated enthusiastic appreciation of thevideodisk as a uniquely effective finding aid forthe pictorial and motion picture collections.

Staff continued to prepare articles, pressreleases, and research reports in an effort toincrease public awareness of the program. Theoffice assisted in preparations for the January 23public opening of the print database retrievalsystem and the April 22 release of the full textof the Congressional Record for the 99th Con-gress (1985-86). Visitors and inquiries con-

tinued at a heavy pace, with office staff givingdemonstrations to more than six hundred inter-national, corporate, government, and academicvisitors.

Library Environment Resources Office

Renovation and restoration work throughout theyear focused on preparations for the actual con-struction work in both of the olde '.ibrary build-ings. The Library cleared the south half of theThomas Jefferson Building at 'd the south andeast sections of the John Adams Building for theduration of the first phase of construction work.The Architect of the Capitol (AOC) establisheda field office on the southeast lawn of the Jeffer-son Building to serve as project headquarters andinstalled dust and security partitions betweenthe work sites and occupied portions of thebuildings. Exterior construction fencing waserected outside both buildings to create space formaterials staging and storage. At year's end theAOC had completed all necessary demolitionand cleanup work preparatory to the beginningof construction work. The construction contractfor the first phase was awarded on February 26to Grunley-Walsh Construction Co., Inc., ofRockville, Maryland: Between that date and Sep-tember 30, when Grunley-Walsh was givennotice to proceed with construction, the AOC,the contractor, and the Library were busy refin-ing project specifications and schedules, prepar-ing the work sites, and mobilizing resources.

Numerous meetings were held with the AOCto work out details of the telecommunicationsand security systems to be installed in the reno-vated buildings. Plans for the Computer CatalogCenter in the John Adams Building werecompleted and this new facility is scheduled toopen early in 1987. The Library EnvironmentResources Office worked on the interior designscheme for both buildings and started develop-ing furniture and equipment specifications.Work on the Neptune Fountain was completedand it was activated in the spring.

Architectural design drawings and specifica-tions for the Mass Book Deacidification Facility,

29

9


to be located at Ft. Detrick, were completed andput out to bid. Subsequently, the small-scale testfacility at the National Aeronautics and SpaceAdministration's Goddard Space Flight Centerin Maryland was damaged by fire on two sepa-rate occasions. A team of chemical processengineers experienced in diethyl zinc (DEZ)handling, vacuum systems, and plant safety wasassembled to reexamine the design of the large-scale facility, The deacidification facility willnot be constructed until the chemical process-ing system has been redesigned and the small-scale test program has been resumed: TheLibrary has contracted with a prominent chemi-cal manufacturing firm to proceed with thiswork, The original contract with Northrop Ser-vices, Inc., to provide management and techni-cal support service for construction andactivation of a mass deacidification productionfacility was terminated in April.

The office received over six hundred requestsfor space modifications. The AOC started con-struction work attendant to the large-scalerearrangement of the Descriptive CatalogingDivision in the Madison Building, and a newspace layout was put in place for the LibrarySupport Services Office after its reorganization.Two projects were undertaken in cooperationwith the Exhibits Office to establish a combinedexhibits and lounge area in the MadisonMemorial Hall and in the sixth floor lobby adja-cent to the Mumford Room.

As a cost-saving measure, Duke Street Annexin Virginia was vacated during the second quar-ter. The new cold storage vaults at LandoverCenter Annex were put into operation in timeto accommodate the newly acquired NBC motionpicture collection. Various collections at Land-over Annex were shifted around to take advan-tage of its new multitier shelving. Renovationwork had yet to start at Taylor Street Annex atthe end of the fiscal year but 1 new building leasewas signed and a schedule of events establishedby the General Services Administration leadingup to the beginning of construction work aroundthe first of the year.

The architectural drawings for the JohnAdams Building and rental facilities were com-

10

pleted on the office's computer-aided design anddrafting (CADD) system, as were those for sixfloors of the James Madison Building. A data-base was created and drawings started for theThomas Jefferson Building. In conjunction withthe renovation and restoration project, spaceallocation, interior design, and carpet detaildrawings were started for the Adams Buildingon the CADD system.

Internal Audit Office

Fifty reports were issued by the Internal AuditOffice during the year. These included eightfinancial/compliance and operation reports, fourspecial requests from within and three specialrequests from outside the Library, four imprestfund reviews, four vulnerability/risk assess-ments, sixteen audit follow-ups, six time andattendance reviews, and five incentive awardreviews.

An audit report on the MARC Editorial Divi-sion concluded that the division is accomplish-ing its mission effectively. Cataloging recordsare usually being converted within twenty-twodays, and the backlogs are being maintained atreasonable levels through the use of contractorsand the occasional use of overtime. The divi-sion's commitment of resources to qualitycontrol has helped to ensure the accuracy ofthe MARC database. Additionally, the divisionmanagement has effectively reorganized its staffresources in order to accomplish the addedresponsibilities of quality control and main-tenance of the PREMARC databases.

A review of two contracts to provide equip-ment to the National Library Service for theBlind and Physically Handicapped identifieddeficiencies in the Library's contract preparation,performance monitoring, and administration asrelated to the contracts. Payments were made forwarranty work and other repair services notunder these connects, and credit issued by thevendor for returned units was not taken. Addi-tionally, payments, funds controls, and contraladministration were not always consistent withthe Federal Acquisition Regulations, the Prompt

30

Administration

Payment Act, and other government contractingguidelines. The report concluded that the con-tract administration procedures had beenineffective in controlling the performance andadministration of the contracts. Also, the con-tract documents contained clauses that wereinappropriate and were not or could not beenforced. Inadequate coordination of functionsand responsibilities between the divisionsinvolved in administering and monitoring thecontracts resulted in improper procedures andpayments. Corrective measures were taken onmost deficiencies, and the Associate Librarianwill make a final decision on any outstandingmatters during the audit follow-up.

A survey of the planning, organization, andcontrol over the computer systems and processesdisclosed that, while significant automationadvances and additions had been made since1964, the automation planning process had notbeen as effective as it could have been. Whilevarious planning activities were noted through-out the Library, the report concluded that theywere not long range, coordinated, comprehen-sive, or matched with available resources. Con-sequently, progress in automation did notappear to have been achieved in the most effi-cient and effective manner. The report furtherconcludes that unless the Library clearly iden-tifies (1) the direction automation is to take,(2) who will make the automation decisions,(3) who will execute the actions, and (4) whatresources will be dedicated, future automationactivities will not be accomplished as quickly oras efficiently as they could be. At year's end theLibrary awarded a contract to the accounting andconsulting firm of Arthur Young to assist it inpreparing and developing a strategic planningsystem for guiding its automation programs.

A follow-up to a 1984 audit of the Nitrate Con-version Program found that some improvementshad been made. However, the program was farfrom being successful, Based on a recalculationof costs and production efforts, it was estimatedthat nitrate film conversion would not meet theLibrary's tentative completion date of 1987, butwill be completed in 20 t3. The cost to continuethe program until completion was estimated at

$53.2 million. Subsequently the Deputy Librar-ian instructed the Assistant Librarian forResearch Services to prepare a report and arevised plan that would lead to a new generalpolicy and strategy for conversion of nitratemotion picture film to a safety base.

At the request of the Subcommittee on Legis-lative Branch, Committee on Appropriations,U.S. House of Representatives, the InternalAudit Office reviewed the employee positionssupported by external sources of funding, otherthan the Administrative Working Fund. All suchpositions were found to conform to the applica-ble statutes and were supporting appropriateprograms and projects.

Staff and Activities

William J. Welsh, the Deputy Librarian of Con-gress, as Chairman of the Conference of Direc-tors of National Libraries (CDNL), presided at theinternational Conference on the Preservation ofLibrary Materials held at the Austrian NationalLibrary in Vienna in April. More than a hundrednational library directors and experts in preser-vation from around the world participated in theconference, which was sponsored by CDNL incooperation with the International Federation ofLibrary Associations and Institutions (IFLA) andUNESCO. The conference program included areview of the preservation challenges facinglibraries of the world today, an exchange ofknowledge about library preservation activitiesworldwide, and introduction of the new IFLAPreservation and Conservation Core Programme(PAC). The Library's Preservation Office servesas the focal point for PAC, whose primary goalis to encourage and promote the efforts of worldlibraries in preservation.

Mr. Welsh led the Library's delegation to the52nd General Conference of IFLA, which tookplace in Tokyo in August. He also chaired theCDNL meeting in Tokyo, which considered,among other things, resolutions from the preser-vation meeting in Vienna.

Donald C. Curran, the Associate Librarian ofCongress, served as Chairman of the Committee

31

11


on Automation Planning and provided manage-ment oversight and Library-wide coordinationof the Deacidification Program ManagementPlan group and the Strategic Information Sys-tems Project Steering Committee.

John Finzi, director of the Collections Devel-opment Office, served as chairman of the Preser-vation Policy Committee. John Y. Cole,executive director of the Center for the Book,gave speeches at meetings of the Friends of Cath-olic University, Chicago Book Clinic, OregonCenter for the Book, World Congress of the Inter-national Reading Association, and Liber '86.

Robert Zich, director of the Planning andDevelopment Office, served on the Committeeon Automation Planning and its Strategic Infor-mation Systems Project Steering Committee andchaired the Electronform Reading Room Com-mittee. William J. Sittig, collections programofficer, visited Library offices in Karachi andNew Delhi to advise on new se tion policiesand microformatting activities.

Arthur J. Lieb, executive officer, served on themanagement team that bargained performancerequirements for all employees represented bytwo locals of the American Federation of State,County, and Municipal Employees. Barbara Kil-lian of the Collections Development Officeserved as departmental representative on theLibrary's Intern Committee.

The retirement of four staff members from theOffice of the Librarian during fiscal 1986 broughtto a close a cumulative total of more than a cen-tury of Lervice to the Library of Congress. Thefour were Mary Ann Adams, John Charles Finzi,Marjorie Kulisheck, and Joseph M. Love:

Mrs Adams served as secretary, administra-tive assistant, and special assistant to the DeputyChief Assistant Librarian, the Chief AssistantLibrarian, and ultimately, the Deputy Librarianof Congress, as the position was retitled in 1962.Her Library career, which spanned thirty-threeyears spent solely in the Office of the Librarian,,included at various times responsibility forhandling the international library relations pro-grams for foreign librarians and coordination ofthe Library's participation in the activities of theInternational Federation of Library Associations

12

and Institutions, for which she received specialawards on three different occasions.

Mr. Finzi's retirement as director of the Col-lections Development Office concluded a distin-guished career spanning nearly three decades.Originally recruited by the Library for the InternProgram, Mr. Finzi was responsible for estab-lishing the Library's overseas offices in NewDelhi, Karachi, and Dacca in the early 1960s,for which he received the Meritorious ServiceAward twice. He subsequently served as assis-tant director for library resources in the formerReference Department until being named to theposition he held at the time of his retirement:

Mrs. Kulisheck joined the staff of the Libraryas a personnel classifier in 1957, the beginningof a long career that paralleled the developmentof the classification process in the federalgovernment. She left the Classification Office in1972 to head the newly created ClassificationAppeals and Review Office, and in 1980 she alsobecame executive secretary to the ExecutiveAssignment Council.

Joseph M. Love, who joined the staff in 1971,served as assistant personnel security officer fornine years and as personnel security officer forthe last six years of his Library career.

MANAGEMENT SERVICES

The many services and support activities of theManagement Services department were neces-sarily curtailed as a result of the reduction infunds available to the Library occasioned bycuts in appropriations and by the imple-mentation of the Gramm-Rudman-Hollings Act.The department made every effort during theyear to conserve funds wherever possible inproviding administrative and support ser-vices through cost-reduction and cost-avoidancemeasures.

Highlights of the activities and accomplish-ments of individual departmental units respon-sible for providing basic administrative andsupport services to all organizational elementsof the Library are discussed in the followingpages.

32

Administration

Equal Employment Opportunity Programs

Affirmative Action Office

One of the actions taken to reduce the Library'soperating costs was the suspension of the sched-uled groups of Graduate Cooperative EducationProgram participants (January -April and June-September). Progress was made, however, in theareas of the Target Series Development, Affir-mative Action Recruit, Graduate CooperativeEducation, and Affirmative Action Fellowshipprograms. For the Target Series pilot program,three nonprofessional employees were selectedfor professional trainee positions. And thoughthe regular Graduate Cooperative Educationclasses were canceled, two individuals joinedthe staff for 120-day appointments in Process-ing Services.. One-year appointments wereawarded to both when funds became availableduring the year,

The Affirmative Action Recruit Program pro-vided up to four two-year appointments for fullyqualified outside applicants for one of the Li-brary's underrepresented job series. One of thefour appointments was made in January with therecruitment of a librarian for assignment toResearch Services. A second appointment wasturned down by the applicant. A PersonnelAction Recommendation was submitted for athird position toward the end of t' year,

An outside contractor, RBP aciates, wasengaged by the Library to study the affirmativeaction prof ram and make recommendations forthe fiscal 1987 Affirmative Action Plan. Becauseof the uncertain budgetary situation and theexpectation that a new plan would be in effectby the beginning of fiscal 1987, competitions fornew Affirmative Action Fellowships were notconducted and no fellowships were awarded fornext year. Staff members who were awardedfellowships in 1985 and did not exhaust their$1,200 stipend were permitted to continue to usesuch fellowships until September 30, 1986.

One of the major products of the AffirmativeAction Office during this reporting period wasthe draft report Achieving Excellence:, Affirma-tive Action at the Library of Congress,,

1973-1985. Given the potential for great changesin the affirmative action program as a result ofthe major research and analysis effort beingconducted by RBP Associates, this reportingperiod seemed a propitious time to assemble theachievements of the program since its inceptionin 1973 into a single historical document. At theclose of the fiscal year the report was in theprocess of being published.

Because of the budgetary constraints, somerecruitment was curtailed. The AffirmativeAction Office and the Recruitment and Place-ment Office recruited jointly for the Library andthe Affirmative Action Office's Graduate Cooper-ativ, Education Program. This effort began inSeptember at the University of Atlanta, HowardUniversity, and Morgan State University.

This year, for the first time, the Library par-ticipated in the District of Columbia SummerYouth Employment Program, which provideseligible youth with work-related experiencesthat will increase their employability and makethem aware of the elements of proper workbehavior, such as dependability, responsibility,punctuality, cooperativeness, efficiency, and awillingness to learn. The D.C. Department ofEmployment Services recruited and selected theyouths who participated in the Library's Fro-gram. Participants 14-15 years of age worked amaximum of forty hours per biweekly payperiod, those 16-19 years old worked a maxi-mum of sixty hours, and those who were 20 or21 worked a maximum of eighty hours,

Women's Program Office

Activities carried out under the direction of theWomen's Program Office this year led to note-worthy achievements in the areas of personneldata analysis, child care, the Women's Pro-gram Advisory Committee, and informationresources.

The Administrative Detail Program was trans-ferred to the Recruitment and Placement Officeand. because of the fiscal emergency, it wasnecessary for the 1986 program to be suspendedfor the year.,

33

13


In January the Library awarded a contract forthe development of options regarding Library-supported child care. The report, which wassubmitted in April, recommended a collabora-tive arrangement with Capitol Hill HospitalChild Care Center. Management ter tativelyapproved the renovation of Library space for useby employees' children, contingent on staffinterest. At the close of the year the Women'sProgram Office was working with the labororganizations in developing a questionnaire toassess staff interest in the arrangement..

Fourteen new members were selected inMarch to serve on the Women's Program Advis-ory Committee, eight to serve two-year terms andsix to serve one-year terms.

In conjunction with the Library's commemo-ration of National Hispanic Heritage Week, Sep-tember 14-19, the Women's Program AdvisoryCommittee prepared a staff announcementhonoring fourteen outstanding Hispanic women.This handout is planned as the first in a seriesof brochures acknowledging women in variousareas of American culture and society. The com-mittee and the Women's Program Office alsoupdated a staff announcement listing daycarefacilities within walking distance of the Librarybuildings on Capitol Hill.. In addition, a morecomprehensive guide to available daycare in themetropolitan area was updated and made avail-able for reference.

Equal Employment Opportunity ComplaintsOffice

The Equal Employment Opportunity ComplaintsOffice began the fiscal year with a total of 160complaints (40 informal and 120 formal). Dur-ing the year 105 new complaints and 2 reinstate-ments (1 formal and 1 informal) were received,,bringing the total handled to 267. Thirty-fourinformal complaints became formal. By the endof the year 77 informal and 43 formal complaintshad been resolved, leaving 35 informal and 112formal complaints pending. A comparison withstatistics for fiscal 1985 shows a decrease of 8percent in new complaints, a decrease of 47 per-

14

cent in matters becoming formal complaints, anincrease of 1 percent in informal complaintsresolved, and a decrease of 9 percent in formalcomplaints resolved.

Automation Activities

During fiscal 1986 the Automated System;Office (ASO) initiated several changes in thedirection of its work and the allocation of its.resources. Formal goals and objectives wer3established and will be implemented much likeprojects. The director initiated regular meetingswith departmental management and staffthroughout the Library. Emphasis was placed onthe internal training program for ASO program-mers and analysts, especially in the areas ofplanning and managing projects, conceptualdata modeling, and database usage.

In the Optical Disk Operation, a new scannerthat uses two cameras to scan both sides of apage at the same time is operational and a newtwo-dimensional data compression device hasbeen installed and is in a checkout phase.. Workcontinued on the input system. ISOD, addingfeatures to make the software more user friendly.The input system software will be transferredfrom the Data General 330 computer to a DataGeneral MV10000 computer, which is morereliable and will give the input system a betterresponse time. Testing of optical disk platters isunder way to detei mine the effects of tempera-ture and humidity on bit error rates.

A strategy to handle the Library's voice, data,and image transmission and reception was pro-posed, the central part of which world be a digi-tal switch and new oremise wiring system. Thewiring system is scheduled to be installed in theJefferson and Adams buildings as part of theirrenovation.

Test equipment for checking the electricpower distribution system in the Madison Build-ing, which is not controlled by an uninterruptedpower supply, was ordered Problems with per-sonal computers have occurred in parts of thebuilding due to power fluctuations.

31

Administration

In the teleprocessing area, work was startedon installation and conversion to release 1.7 ofthe Customer Information Control System(CICS), the data communications system thatcontrols most of the Library's online applica-tions. This new version of CICS has manyenhancements over current level 1.5 of CICS,especially in managing changes to applicationsand the terminal network and in system reli-ability.

Fiscal 1986 saw considerable activity in main-frame disk storage. Three sets of Amdahl 6830disk drives were installed, adding 30 gigabytes(30 billion characters) of online storage to themain computer system.

Changes to SCORPIO have men completedand work is progressing on a variety of applica-tions, including the Magazine Index (citationretrieval is available on designated terminals,with full text display of articles available on fiveoptical disk terminals). The SEND command,which eliminates the need to display one screenat a time when printing, viewing, or download-ing items from a set, was installed in lateAugust.

A major release of 160 software modules intro-duced the use of Prompt Screens, which can bepreformatted with repetitive information toavoid rekeying. Over 80 Prompt Screens weredeveloped in the initial release, and the num-ber has increased as the simplification of dataentry has been realized., The ability to changescreens rapidly will improve productivity andreduce the ASO programming effort.

The Online Data Entry Facility to provide anInput and Update capability for the Congres-sional Research Service (CRS) and to replace thepresent ATS-based system made a major break-through in transfer rate of data between micro-computer and mainframe during the past yearThe Online Data Entry Facility prototype isbeing reengineered into a production system forIssue Briefs.

The CRS Bibliographic Citation file wasenhanced by several improvements. Along withthe major upgrade made to this file last year,these enhancements provide comprehensive andpowerful searching display capabilities for this

database of more than 350,000 bibliographiccitations and abstracts. A new text index forwords th-t appear in the title, annotation, andseries fields was added. The term index entrieswere also enhanced., The Inquiry Status andInformation System (ISIS), the system used tomonitor and track the 450,000 inquiries thatcome into CRS each year, was upgraded. A newcapability to allow division and section per-sonnel to enter and update staff assignments wasadded, as was a refinement in the way requestsare created in the online system. Now when adistrict office must be added to the request, astored list of up to ten names and addresses canbe reviewed and the appropriate ones selectedto be included in the record being created. TheISIS system was transferred to the new DataGeneral MV10000 computer after thorough test-ing and evaluation. This upgrade to the hard-ware provided better response time, improvedhardware reliability and maintainability, andincreased terminal capacity.

A new SCORPIO database application calledSurvey Polls was installed for CRS in supportof Congress.

Modifications were made to the COINS Sys-tem to permit public access searching of theCOINS data. From designated terminals, patronsare now able to retrieve information pertainingto registrations that are still in process.

The new Visual Materials (VISMAT) input/update application went into production inNovember 1985. A new application under theonline MUMS system, VISMAT permits catalog-ing staff in Processing Services' Special Mate-rials Cataloging Division to input, update, anddelete both preliminary and full catalogingrecords. The Motion Picture, Broadcasting, andRecorded Sound Division and the Prints andPhotographs Division of Research Services willuse the system for their cataloging of archivalfilms, prints, and photographs.

The online Serial Location (SERLOC) applica-tion also went into production. This MUMSapplication provides a means to put the SerialRecord Division's Visible File data into machine-readable form and serves as a preliminary steptoward the Serials Management System.

15


A new version of the Name Authority(NAMES) application, released this year, acceptsexternally keyed rr cords in the USMARCCommunication Format. These records are nowloaded into the system while online operationsare proceeding.

The Subject Authority (SUBJECTS) onlineinput/update system became operational, replac-ing the original Subject Authority batch systemimplemented 1973. The new system has sub-stantially improved productivity in the inputtingand updating of subject authority records in theSubject Cataloging Division.

The Linked Systems Project (LSP) placed theinformation retrieval component in production.When the other Lsr, participants complete theirsoftware development, all members will be ableto conduct computer-to-computer searches ofeach other's databases. OCLC was also added asan LSP partner.

A new general ledger software package theFederal Accounting and Reporting System(FARS) was placed into production and readiedfor full operational use by the Financial Manage-ment Office. The FARS system provides for acomplete set of automated accounting books.

The initial release of a new personnel systemwas placed into production, greatly enhancingthe processing capabilities of the PersonnelOperations Office. The system integrates withfunctions of the Position Classification andOrganization Office and the Personnel SecurityOffice.

The Circulation Control design document wascompleted and approved, and work was begunon the programming of some thirty-five screensto be made available. This first release, due inthe spring of 1987, will allow online creationand maintenance of patron and item data andrelated activities in a relational database manage-ment system.

A new release in the Book Paging system addsmore system administration functions for con-trolling the allocation of stations in the networkand provides a number of changes and fixes tothe system. Work also commenced on the con-nection between the Book Paging System andthe Library's primazy online systems MUMS

16

and SCORPIO. The implementation of a"FETCH" command in MUMS and in SCORPIOwill permit staff and patrons to request a bookfrom the stacks without having to transcribe datato a call slip. Initial implementation, due in1987, will be for Library staff use only.

General Management Services

Buildings Management

The reduction of funds available to the Librarynecessitated a number of adjustments in theoperations of the Library Support ServicesOffice. Cleaning of office space in the threebuildings on Capitol Hill was reduced to alter-nate days. Cleaning in the Madison Buildingwas scheduled for daytime. To reduce SpecialPolice costs, some entrances to the buiidingswere permanently closed and others were openonly at certain times.

Oversight and coordination of the renovationof the Jefferson and Adams buildings continuedto be the major focus of the office's activities.Phase 1 of the project began in earnest whenGrunley-Walsh Construction Company, Inc.,was selected by the Architect of the Capitol asthe general contractor. In preparation for thephase 1 work, an electronically monitored par-tition was installed in each building to separatethe contract site approximately one-half ofeach building. In addition, staff and operationswere relocated to interim occupancy locations,clearing the phase 1 worksites in the two build-ings. The Buildings Services Section movedseveral hundred staff and the related furnitureand equipment.

The Safety Office was involved with such "cri-sis situations" as contaminated drinking waterfrom the fountains in the Madison Building andstaff concerns over an unconfirmed case ofLegionnaire's disease. New projects institutedduring the year included review of a draftAsbestos Management Plan for all Library facil-ities and development of an environmental studyof the Madison Building by the National Institutefor Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).

36

Administration

Financial Management

Funding available for operations of the Libraryin 1986 totaled $221,136,000: $210,522,000 inavailable direct appropriations from the Con-gress and $10,614,000 in offsetting collections.Included in that total is $867,000 appropriatedon July 2, 1986, in an Urgent SupplementalAppropriation Act for 1986, which provided$500,000 for purchase of books, $120,000 forcataloging effort, and $247,000 to reopen thereading rooms. These amounts reflect reductionsof $9,420,000 imposed on Library appropria-tions and accounts by passage of Public Law99-177, the Balanced Budget and EmergencyDeficit Control Act of 1985 (commonly knownas the Gramm-Rudman-Hollings Act) on Decem-ber 12, 1985. Under the act, appropriations werereduced by 4.3 percent as a result of thepresidential sequestration order which went intoeffect in March. This was a cut of $9.8 millionfrom the amount appropriated to the Library forfiscal 1986.

Final congressional action on the 1987 Legis-lative Branch Appropriations Bill, whichincludes funding for the Librw. y , had not beencompleted by September 30, 1986. However, onAugust 15, 1986, a Committee of Conference onthe Legislative Branch agreed to a 1987 spend-ing level of $235,399,000, including $12,127,000in authority to spend receipts for the CopyrightOffice and the Cataloging Distribution Service,This represented an increase of $14.263,000 overfiscal 1986 spending authority.

Materiel Management and Support

The Procurement and Supply Division accel-erated programs aimed at increasing competi-tion, centralizing procurement, expandingsources of supply, and improving warehousingand supply functions. Cost-saving approachesto automation throughout the Library receivedspecial attention.

All departments of the Library are routinelydependent to some extent upon the purchasingand contracting services provided by the divi-

37

sion. In fiscal 1986 these services included theacquisition of equipment, materials, supplies,and services; receipt, handling, and storage ofthese items; and administration of all negotiatedand advertised contracts. With the increasingemphasis on fiscal austerity, the staff was espe-cially sensitive to opportunities for improvingefficiency and reducing costs.

The division also continued its efforts to makeefficient use of storage space, working closelywith the Library Environmental Resources Officeto prepare for temporary storage of furniture andequipment in connection with the restoration/renovation project: Closing of the Duke StreetAnnex warehouse facility and transfer of reus-able materials was effected without adverseimpact by coordinating the efforts with aLibrary-wide review of existing storage and dis-position potential:

A major contract was negotiated involving thestudy, design, construction, and testing of theLibrary's diethyl zinc (DEZ) mass deacidificationprogram. Another major contracting effortinvolved installation and operation of a voice/data digital switch. The Contracts Sectionmaintained its commitment to life cycle costtechniques for major equipment acquisitions.C vernmentwide contracts for data servicesthrough the Federal Library and InformationCenter Committee expanded again this year.

The Materiel Section concentrated its activi-ties on storage space utilization to meet restora-tion/renovation requirements and expansion andrefinement of the serialized inventory to includeleased as well as owned equipment.

In the area of procurement, the annual processof renewing rental, maintenance, and blanket-purchase orders was further systematized toensure that equipment rentals were placed onthe most economical rental/lease plans availableand that other requirements were justified andprofessionally procured. More general productspecifications were developed to facilitate com-petition. Emphasis was placed on more timelyrecognition of requirements, closer tracking andexpediting, and generally more professional,cost-effective procurement in support of Libraryoperations.

17


Central Administrative Services

The Central Services Division underwent anorganizational change in July. The PaperworkManagement Section became the Records Man-agement and Graphics Section and now includesthe Graphics and Records Management units aswell as the Central Files Unit, which was trans-ferred from the Administrative Services Section.

Advisory service on records management wasprovided by the division in visits to four con-gressional offices. Records management evalu-ations t.?ere completed in forty-four Libraryoffices, and three subject classification outlineswere established to improve overall recordsmanagement efficiency. Records ,it former Li-brarians of Congress Archibald MacLeish andLuther Evans were transferred ta the ManuscriptDivision for permanent preservation in theLibrary of Congress Archives. The records aredated 1939-53, and their total volume is 158cubic feet. Additional copyright records totaling297 cubic feet were selected for permanent pres-ervation and transferred to the Library of Con-gress Archives. They include samplings takenfrom unfinished business envelopes, renewalcorrespondence, rejected claims, and other mis-cellaneous correspondence dating from the early1900s and provide a perspective on copyrightmatters during this period. Six cubic feet ofrecords pertaining to the National Union Cata-log Publication Project were also selected forpermanent retention and transferred to theLibrary's archives. By year's end a total of 1,296cubic feet of records were being stored at Na-tional Undergrc.ind Storage in Boyers, Pennsyl-vania. A total of 25,095 cubic feet of copyrightrecords were relocated from the Washington Na-tional Records Center in Suit land, Maryland, totheir annex in Capitol Heights, Maryland. Inaccordance with established Records DispositionAuthorizations, records totaling 901 cubic feetwere d stroyed. In the forms management pro-gram. 752 forms were processed, including 95new forms, 205 revised forms, and 453 reprints.

A total of 54,127,796 impressions were pro-cessed through the Printing Unit, Of this total,33,747,324 were printed in-house and 20,380,472

18

were diverted to the Government Printing Office.A Heidleberg KORD printing press and a Chesh-ire labeler were installed in the Printing Unit asreplacements for older equipment. The NationalInstitutes of Health transferred to the unit anM-417 3M platemaking camera consideredobsolete to NIH needs. The camera is being usedto produce onyx plates, which have a press lifeof 18,000-20,000 impressions (compared to4,000-5,000 with plates made on the division'sother 3M camera). A used photostat camera wasacquired from the Copyright Office for the unit'svisual information specialist to use in makingsize adjustments on artwork. Preventive main-tenance being performed on equipment by thepress operators resulted in a reduction of repaircost from $14,000 in fiscal 1985 to $8,000 thisyear. A personal computer was installed in theComposing Unit for the purpose of readingfloppy disks prepared on personal computerselsewhere in the Library to allow for composi-tion of documents without rekeyboarding theinformation. A Compugraphic Powerview 10composing system with improved software wasinstalled in the Composing Unit to replace theMCS 100 system. The Composing Unit produced3,302 camera-ready pages in fiscal 1986. Onepositive-response mailing list was reduced from1,575 to 990 subscriptions. A list of 781 publi-cations stored at the Landover Center Annexwas reviewed at the request of the Procurementand Supply Division, and recommendationswere made for disposal of 280,000 copies ofpublications-38 percent of the total volumeslisted.

The visual information specialist in the Print-ing and Processing Section produced 3,420items, and another 3,481 were processedthrough the Graphics Unit. These includedcharts, posters, flyers, covers, brochures, trans-parencies, illustrations, hand-lettered certifi-cates, office identifications, and other graphicdisplays.

A second Pitney Bowes 6100 mailing machinewas installed in the Postal Services Unit, Bothmachines are equipped with an electronic inter-face that permits postal charge data to be auto-matically fed into the accounting system. Three

38

Administration

Signode Loop 1300 bundling machines werepurchased to replace three older string-tyingmachines. Procedures were improved in thebindery and publication distribution areas,where subscription and other large-volume mail-ings originate, to ensure correct assignment ofcodes.

Personnel and Labor Relations

Statistics reported by the Personnel and LaborRelations Office for the year reflect the impactof the reductions in funding available for theLibrary's operations. Not only did the numberof applications for positions decrease drastically,but the number of personnel actions of all kinds,with the exception of retirements, also declined.

The Recruitment and Placement Office pro-cessed 13,800 applications and issued 536vacancy announcements in fiscal 1986, as com-pared to 27,903 applications and 811 vacancyannouncements in 1985. Of the total number ofapplications received, 3,544 applications werefrom Library staff.

The Personnel Operations Office processed331 appointments, as compared to 824 last year.Promotion actions totaled 684, compared to1,050 last year, and resignations reached 446,compared to 547. Retirements totaled 88, upfrom last year's 70.

Because of the budgetary situation it was neces-sary to suspend the Library's Intern Program forrecent library school graduates. The portion of theprogram for staff members was not affected, Ofthe thirty-six employees who qualified, eighteenwere interviewed and twelve selected.

In February the Library undertook its firstmajor reduction-in-force (RIF) in ten years,Seventy staff members were notified that theirpositions were being eliminated. Eventually,because of the displacement rights of theseemployees, an additional 54 staff members wereaffected. The Library was able to place 102 ofthese staff members; in addition, 1 retired and11 resigned: Placement could not be made for7 conditional or for 3 permanent staff members,one of whom was part-time. A total of 61 staff

members with time-limited or conditionalappointments were also separated. As the fiscalyear closed, two small RIFs were in progress andfive others had been completed. Eight of the staffmembers affected were placed, 2 retired, 2resigned, and I was fired.

During the year, the Personnel OperationsOffice implemented a completely automated sys-tem for the processing of personnel actions.

One of the most significant achievementsin the labor relations area was the signing onApril 30, 1986, of Collective Bargaining Agree-ments with the American Federation of State,County, and Municipal Employees (AFSCME).Locals 2477 and 2910, covering Law Libraryemployees..

On the retirement front. 880 staff membersreceived retirement counseling and 310 annuityestimates were computed by the Personnel Oper-ations Office. The office also conducted theannual Health Benefits Fair, which was attendedby 800 staff members.

The Health Services Office logged 13,189visits from staff and visitors to the health roomsin fiscal 1986. As part of the workers' compen-sation program, which this office administers forthe Library, 331 notices of work-related injurywere filed by Library staff, in addition to 2notices of work-related illness. Of these, 120injuries involved both the loss of time away fromwork and associated medical costs. Ten staffmembers suffered work-related injuries and ill-nesses which resulted in time losses of over 45days. In March and April, Library-wide concernover the contamination of the drinking waterresulted in numerous phone inquiries and visits.Sixty-seven claims were filed for workers' com-pensation and blood tests were conducted onapproximately 280 staff members. The staff ofthe Health Services Office also performed 180eye exams on users of video display terminals.155 medical examinations, 176 cancer screen-ings, and 47 other diagnostic procedures onprospective and current Library staff members.Additionally, seven pregnant staff memberswere tested for abnormal levels of copper: Thealcohol and drug counselor for the Library con-ducted 441 sessions with staff members and

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supervisors. Approximately 1.740 counselingsessions were held with Library staff membersand supervisors requesting guidance from theHealth Services Office, compared with 1.921 ses-sions held last year. The office responded to 54medical emergencies outside of the health room.The Red Cross conducted eight BloodmobileDrives at the Library, in which a total of 1.544donors participated. Fifteen staff members par-ticipated in the Fresh Start smoking cessationprogram. conducted jointly with the AmericanCancer Society. Nine Health Forums were held.with a total attendance of 2.500. Seventeen com-munity organizations participated in the annualWeilness Fair. in which some 650 staff memberstook part.. Under the glaucoma screening pro-gram some 450 staff members were evaluated forsigns and symptoms of glaucoma. The AllergyImmunization Clinic continued on a twice-weekly basis, with 2.471 allergy visits recordedby the nursing staff. Approximately 600 staffmembers received vaccinations during theannual influenza vaccination program.

Fourteen unfair labor practice charges werefiled by Library labor organizations. The FederalLabor Relations Authority (FLRA) approved thewithdrawal requests by the labor organizationsin thirteen cases and refused to issue a complaintin one case. In one case carried over from fiscal1985. the FLRA dismissed an unfair labor prac-tice charge filed by the Library against a labororganization. The Labor Relations Officeprocessed a total of sixty-two grievances undercontractual negotiated grievance proceduresduring fiscal 1986.

Seventeen of the twenty-four appeals filedwith the Office of Counsel for Personnel weredisposed of, eleven through trial. three throughsettlement, one through withdrawal by theappellant. one through dismissal, and onethrough transferral to Federal Court. Finaldecisions were rendered in nine appeals duringthe year, seven of which were favorable to theLibrary. Eight involved disciplinary matters. andone was an equal opportunity case. By the endof the fiscal year. decisions were pending inthree cases, four cases were scheduled for hear-ing. and twelve appeals were awaiting hearing

20

dates. Ten appeals are in inactive status by vir-tue of the appelLits' failure to proceed. Four-teen adverse action cases were pending in thisoffice at the beginning of the fiscal year andthirty-six new cases were received during theyear. Dispositions were made in thirteen of thesecases and one is pending. In addition, twoemployees were separated during the qualifyingperiod and six temporary appointments were ter-minated for disciplinary reasons.

Nine proposed reorganizations in four differ-ent departments were considered and processedby the Position Classification and OrganizationOffice. In addition. maintenance reviews wereinitiated throughout the Library. Among theindividual classification actions were the follow-ing:' 102 new positions established; 163 posi-tions redescribed: 2 regraded: 112 canceled; 56amended; and 5 reconsidered.. In addition. 433requests for posting and 528 promotion planrecommendations were reviewed and approved.

The Recruitment and Placement Office con-ducted 105 rating panels which rated :.689applications. In the area of special programs. theoffice reported two selections under theAffirmative Action Program. with a third offerdeclined; 669 career counseling sessions underthe Career Counseling Program:- 157 vacanciesadvertised under Extended Postings: two offersaccepted and one declined under the GraduateCooperative Education program: 15 staff con-versions to part-time permanent employment (atthe staff members' request) under the Part-timeCareer Employment program' and 13 conver-sions from part-time to full-time. Recruitmentvisits were made to twelve colleges and uni-versities as well as to the American Library Asso-ciation's annual meeting. Three selections weremade under the Target Series DevelopmentProgram. and sixty-three applicants fromtwenty-five high schools were hired underthe Work/Study Program. From last year'sgroup of sixty-eight students. sixteen were con-verted to permanent or indefinite positions aftergraduation.

The Staff Relations Office conducted 1.453counseling sessions with staff and 2.413 sessionswith superviso:s. Staff counseling embraced

40

Administration

leave problems, relationships and conflicts withsupervisors, performance deficiencies, sub-stance abuse, emotional health problems, andfamily and financial problems. Managementconsultations focused on staff members' perfor-mance, leave, and behavior issues, with requestsfor assistance ranging from effective counselingand documentation to interpretation of regula-tions. The office had a total of 3,134 personal ortelephone contacts with staff and supervisorsrelating to the Incentive Awards and SuggestionProgram. In two special ceremonies, the Librarypresented 483 awards. Separate recognitionceremonies were held to honor 316 individualswho received quality increases. Other employeeservices accounted for a total cf 2,632 contacts.

The Library observed this year's National His-panic Heritage Week with a program featuringDr., Franklin R. Chang-Diaz, the first Hispanic-American astronaut, as the guest speaker and asalsa concert performed by Maria y sus Magnifi-cos,, presented by the American Folk life Center.The Hispanic Program coordinator representedthe Library at a number of local conferences andworkshops, including the National Puerto RicanCoalition's Annual Conference, the National Con-ference of Puerto Rican Women and a "BarrierAnalysis Conference" in which representativesfrom selected federal agencies participated in thedevelopment of recommendations to improve theeffectiveness of the Federal Hispanic Employ-ment Program. The coordinator also maderecruitment trips which included a Hispanic Col-lege Day at the University of Maryland, a Minor-ity Career Day at the University of Colorado, andthe New Mexico State Government Career Dayand conducted career counseling sessions withfifty-eight applicants. The representation of His-panics on the Library staff has increased to eighty-one as compared to sixty-six last year.

In March the Handicapped Program coordina-tor joined with the American Folklife Center topresent a program entitled "To Hear a Hand,"which focused on deaf culture and folklore., Inaddition, the yearly Handicapped AwarenessProgram was held in November. Approximately264 people attended these two programs. Inter-preters for the hearing-impaired were furnished

on 218 occasions: In addition to teaching twobasic communications courses in sign language,the coordinator provided an inservice 'rainingcourse on elevator safety for the hearingimpaired. Career counseling sessions were con-ducted for 73 handicapped applicants Outreachefforts included visits to several local institu-tions involved with the handicapped, includingGallaudet College and Howard University. Todeal with the increasing number of deaf appli-cants, a Telephone Device for the Deaf (TDD)was installed in the Employment Office.

The Staff Training and Development Officeconducted or coordinated 129 courses andprocessed approximately three thousand train-ing requests. A major accomplishment was thecompletion of the design of an automated train-ing information system and the inputting of abacklog of information on more then twelvethousand instances of training with the assis-tance of staff from other areas. Having reducedthe backlog, this office can now generate reportsto serve as planning tools for the Library'smanagers. In response to requests from depart-ments, courses were offered in Mandarin Chi-nese, Spanish, listening techniques, health andsafety, telephone techniques, improving typedcorrespondence, and basic typing for thoseinvolved in reductions-in-force, A twelve-hourcourse was designed and conducted to promotetyping accuracy and to reinforce department pro-cedures in preparing correspondence. A total of332 supervisors attended training courses. Twostaff members attended the Federal ExecutiveInstitute, one attended the George WashingtonUniversity Contemporary Executive Develop-ment Program, and one went to the Universityof Maryland Library Administrators Develop-ment Program,


The service issued five circulars announcingthe availability on microfilm of significantresearch collections, among them the papers ofRobert G. Ingersoll, Philip H. Sheridan, and LeviWoodbury.

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Volume on both coin-operated copiers andmicrofilm reader/printers increased again in1986. Four additional copiers were installed forpublic use, bringing the total available to thirty-two. An IBM/PC microcomputer and accessorieswere purchased and installed in the Office of theAssistant Chief for Technical Services to gener-ate much-needed statistical reports, and a KodakProstar I film processor was acquired for process-ing 16-mm microfilm.

Improved productivity in the micrographicsarea combined with careful control of labor costsand a decline in non-revenue-producing requestsallowed the service to increase its accumulatedcapital again in fiscal 1986. Rates have not beenincreased since October 1, 1981,

22

At the close of the year the master negativemicroform collection reached 330,115 reels offilm and 107,970 fiche. Significant collectionsadded included a 1,253-fiche set of Polish mapsand a 217-fiche set of Cassini and Carte deFrance topographic maps, both filmed on the105-mm cartographic camera.

The service continues to assist the BritishLibrary in enhancing its collections by provid-ing microfilm copies of desired titles availableonly in the Library's collections. One project pro-vides replacements for materials destroyed dur-ing the London Blitz and another coversmaterials on American history and culture notpreviously acquired by the British Library. Bothprojects are funded by the American Trust forthe British Library.

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National Programs

The National Programs department welcomed anew director on April 14, 1986, when Ruth AnnStewart assumed the position of Assistant Librar-ian for National Programs. The former Associ-ate Director for External Services of the NewYork Public Library had been associated withthat institution since 1970. Her other librarypositions have included management responsi-bilities at Macmillan and at Columbia Univer-sity. She began her library career as an assistantcataloger at the Holmes Library, Phillips Aca-demy, Andover, Massachusetts. A graduate ofWheaton College, Ms. Stewart earned an MLSdegree from Columbia University and has pur-sued advanced management studies at HarvardUniversity. In her new position, Ms. Stewart willserve as one of the Library's top managementofficials and oversee one of the Library's mostvaried departments with a budget in excess of$39 million.

AMERICAN FOLKLIFE CENTER

This fiscal year marked the tenth anniversary ofthe American Folk life Center. In celebration, avariety of events were scheduled throughout theyear. The week of May 19-23 highlighted theanniversary with a "Colloquy on Folk life andUniversity Education," a symposium entitled"Folk life and Public Education," an anniversaryreception in the Great Hall, and concerts andcrafts demonstrations on the Neptune Plaza.

The colloquy, held on May 20, was the secondmeeting to assemble representatives from uni-versity folklore programs in the United Statesand Canada at the Library of Congress (the centersponsored a similar meeting in September 1984).Ronald L. Baker from Indiana University re-ported on the results of a survey mailed out to4,527 schools across the United States and Can-ada to assess the status of folklore and folklife

2

instruction in universities. A discussion fol-lowed centering around ways of expandingfolklore education. Bess Lomax Hawes of the Na-tional Endowment for the Arts led a discussionof public-sector folklife efforts, and the programconcluded by exploring the relationshipbetween academic and public-sector folklifeprograms.

At the symposium on folklife and public edu-cation, held May 21, three themes stood outthe essential unity of both academic and public-sector approaches to folklore and folklife, bothbeing efforts in "public education"; the need toanalyze and reflect upon the evolution of folk-lore study over the last century; and the need toassess the effectiveness of the festival and otherpublic educational tools used by folklorists.

Following the symposium, invited guestsassembled in the Great Hall to celebrate the tenthanniversary of the center's establishment.Among those attending were Archie Green andother early supporters of the American FolklifePreservation Act, Congresswoman Lindy Boggsand former Congressman Lucien Nedzi, bothlongtime supporters of the center, and friendsfrom federal agencies and the folklore com-munity throughout the nation. Other guestsincluded colloquium and symposium par-ticipants, current and former members of theBoard of Trustees, staff members from congres-sional offices, and associates from the Library:On the following day, music and crafts demon-straticns were presented on the Neptune Plaza.

The American Folklife Center's winter seriesof lectures and demonstrations began with abilingual program, "All Souls Day/El dia de losmuertos," on November 7. Folklorist Alicia Gon-zales from the Smithsonian Institution provideda general description of customs associated withAll Souls Day in Mexico. Olivia Cadaval andHoracio Quintanilla from El Centro de Arte inWashington interviewed women from Guate-

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mala and El Salvador about their traditions forhonoring the dead, translating into English asthey went. The women demonstrated how tomake paper flowers, streamers, and other paperornaments for a mock grave and home altar. Atthe conclusion of the program the audiencesampled a maize drink and several foodsassociated with the festivities.

On December 12 the Folk life Center heraldedthe holiday season with a program entitled"Seasonal and Holiday Tales" in the WhittallPavilion. Former staff member Elena Bradunasintroduced the event with a few words about therole of storytelling as a form of entertainmentand instruction. Thomassina Jordan, a Mashpee-Penobscot Indian from Maine, told stories abouthow the Indian Nation received fire, abuut themeeting of the Great Changer and the world'sfirst baby, and why the hermit thrush has sucha lovely song: Erika Hartman Stokes, who wasborn in Germany, then told two versions of theorigin of the Christmas tree and another storyabout why trees are decorated with tinsel. TheRoy family from the Indian subcontinent closedthe program with an episode from the Mahab-harata in which a loving wife confronts Death,who has claimed her husband.

In March the center presented "To Hear aHand" in cooperation with the Library's Handi-capped Program.

In a special ceremony at the Library of Con-gress on September 29, Sen. John Melcher joinedin the presentation of tape copies of cylinderrecordings to representatives of the Blackfeet,Northern Cheyenne, Crow, and Gros Ventretribes. This ceremony capped a year of muchactivity in which the Federal Cylinder Projectbegan a round of official visits to present tapecopies of the recordings and related documen-tation to the American Indian tribes originallyrecorded. The dissemination phase is assisted bya want from the Ford Foundation.

Folk life Annual 1985, the first in a series, hasdrawn wide praise. Essays were selected andedited by Folk life Center director Alan Jabbourand James Hardin, the Publishing Office's folk-life publications editor, to celebrate and reflecton the traditional expressive life and culture of

24

the United States. They illuminate many aspectsof American folk culture and its study the per-formance and collection of folksongs, the rela-tionship of inspiration and craftsmanship to folkart, continuous and changing features of tradi-tional occupations, and the interdependenciesof communities and their environment. Theessays are illustrated with 136 photographs anddrawings-36 in full color. The 1986 and 1987annuals are in preparation.

Folklife Sourcebook, by Peter T. Bartis andBarbara C. Fertig, became available in July. Thefirst directory of its kind, it delineates the net-work of folklife activity from the national to thelocal level, listing federal agencies, state folkcultural programs, societies, other organiza-tions, archives, serial publications, record com-panies, higher education programsdirectories. The directory expands upc.1 liststhat the center's Archive of Folk Culture hasissued individually for many years.

American Folk Music and Folklore Recordings1985: A Selected List, the third ia a series ofannua! publications begun by the Folklife Centerin 1983, was sent to the printer. Some eightthousand copies of the 1984 list were distributedthis year.

Folk Art and Art Worlds, edited by JohnMichael Vlach and Simon J. Bronner, becameavailable in September. A collection of essaysdrawn from the Washington Meeting on FolkArt, organized by the center and held at theLibrary in December 1983, the volume was pub-lished by UMI Research Press in cooperationwith the center.

New Archive of Folk Culture publicationsinclude South Carolina Field Recordings in theArchive of Folk Culture and Mail Order Dealersof Fol.. Music, Ethnomusicology, and FolkloreBooks in North America. A revised editionof Folklife and Ethnomusicology Resource Per-sons in the United States and Canada was alsopublished:

Final reports were prepared on the AFC's Pine-lands Folklife Project in New Jersey and GrouseCreek Folklife Cultural Survey in Utah. Thecenter has entered into a collaborative agreementwith the Florida Department of State on the

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National Programs

Florida Maritime Heritage Survey Project. Theproject will generate information on traditionalactivities, equipment, and sites associated withmaritime culture in Florida; establish a collec-tion of documentation to be housed in the Flori-da Folk life Archive; and produce a guide ondocumenting maritime heritage. The center hasalso entered into a cooperative agreement withstate and local agencies for a new field projectin Lowell, Massachusetts, that will explore theliving neighborhood and ethnic cultures of thatwell-known mill town.

Center staff arranged a transfer of materialsgenerated by the Department of Education's Eth-nic Heritage Studies Program to the Balch Insti-tute for Ethnic Studies. The collection wasbrought to the Library by former center staffmember Elena Bradunas in 1982 but not acces-sioned. The materials have now been shippedto the Balch Institute, which :eceived a grant tocatalog the collection and make it available toresearchers.

A special luncheon was held to honor FredericCassidy and his work on the Dictionary ofAmerican Regional English, the first volume ofwhich was officially presented to the Library inJanuary,

Center director Alan Jabbour was elected pres-ident of the American Folklore Society. He willserve as president-elect until October 1987,president until October 1988, and past presidentuntil October 1989. Archive head Joseph C.Nickerson was reelected secretary of the Societyfor Ethnomusicology. His term will run until Oc-tober 1988.

Further progress was made in automating ref-erence services and office procedures. Bookidentification numbers for monographs in thearchive reading room were entered into theLibrary's mainframe computer, and MARC print-outs were generated which will provide author,title, LC subject, and Folk Archive subject accessto the three thousand books in the collection.The conversion of automated files produced onthe Compucorp word processor to MS-DOS/Word Perfect format was planned and imple-mented, and the knowledge and experiencegained was shared with representatives of many

other divisions in the Library. Three AT&Tmicrocomputers were ordered, raising the totalnumber of center and archive IBM-compatiblesto seven.

The center's Board of Trustees met at the Li-brary in October, February, and May. Two newmembers were appointed on May 19 by Speakerof the House Thomas P. O'Neill for terms end-ing March 3, 1992: Judith McCulloh, executiveeditor at the University of Illinois Press presi-dent of the American Folklore Society, and trea-surer of the Society for Ethnomusicology; andRusse'l W. Fridley, director of the MinnesotaHistorical Society.

On October 16, 1986, shortly after the closeof the fiscal year, the President signed PublicLaw 99-473 reauthorizing the American Folk-life Center through fiscal 1989.

CHILDREN'S LITERATURE CENTER

As a specialized reference unit within the Li-brary of Congress the Children's Literature Cen-ter provided information to the Library itself aswell as to outside users. Internal requests encom-passed recommendations in the area of col-lection development (e.g., foreign-languagechildren's books) and bibliographical or subjectexpertise for the compilation of booklists. Exter-nal users included researchers, children's bookspecialists, editors, and film producers as wellas private and government organizations fromthe educational, commercial, and media fields.Through informal talks, tours of the Library, andslide presentations, the staff provided introduc-tions to the center's functions and services forvisitors from all over the United States andabroad.-

On November 20 the center hosted its secondannual symposium, which was devoted to thetheme of children's book collecting. The pro-gram was supported by the Center for the Book.Speakers included Lloyd Cotsen, a private col-lector; antiquarian book dealer Justin Schiller;Margaret Maloney, head of the Osborne Collec-tion of Early Children's Books, Toronto, Cana-da; Robert Hale, bookstore owner and former

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president of the American Booksellers Associa-tion; British critic Brian Alderson; and graphicartist Fritz Eichenberg.

The center organized a poetry celebration onMay 12 that featured Consultant in Poetry Gwen-dolyn Brooks reading and discussing poetrywith a group of sixth graders from the NationalCathedral School.

The center issued a four-color poster adaptedfrom a WPA poster of the mid-1930s during theyear, in addition to publishing its popularannual list Books for Children, edited by Mar-garet Coughlan. Consultants to the centerworked on a major guide to the Library's chil-dren's book and nonprint collections, a selectivebibliography of the Japanese children's book col-lection, the symposium publication SteppingAway from Tradition: Children's Books of the1920s and 1930s, and a bibliographic survey ofthe Library's Russian children's book collection.A bibliography of early American periodicalsheld by the Library of Congress was prepared byKathy Cook, an intern.

The staff continued their active participationin professional organizations. Sybil le Jaguschserved as executive board member for the Unit-ed States Board on Books for Children and assecretary of the Section of Children's Librariesof the International Federation of Library Associ-ations and Institutions. She was also a memberof the Special Collections Committee, Associa-tion for Library Service to Children, AmericanLibrary Association, and served as a consultantto WETA television on a book selection panelfor the children's television program "Cover toCover.," In addition, she participated in an inter-national forum of children's literature centerrepresentatives organized by the Osaka Chil-dren's Literature Center in Osaka, Japan.

Margaret N. Coughlan continued her serviceon the Children's Book Selection Committee forthe Library of Congress's National Library St.r-vice for the Blind and Physically Handicappedand on committees of the Association for LibraryService to Children, American Library Associa-tion. She also attended the association's confer-ence in New York, as well as the biennialNational Librarians Conference in Cincinnati,

26

and served as a member of the selection commit-tee for Reading is Fundamental.

EDUCATIONAL LIAISON OFFICE

His Royal Highness the Prince of Wales toppedthe list of 4,668 official visitors who came to theLibrary of Congress for special programs duringthe past year. He had personally requested anopportunity to discuss the U.S. Constitution atthe Library during his three-day visit to Wash-ington, and on November 11, after being wel-comed by Library officials and staff and touringthe Jefferson Building, he joined governmentofficials and constitutional experts for an hour-long discussion of the Constitution.

On September 11 His Excellency Jose Sarney,President of Brazil, and Mrs. Sarney visited theLibrary and the "poet-president" presentedcopies of his books of poems and short storiesto the Librarian of Congress. Two days earlier,Librarian Boorstin had welcomed the PrimeMinister and Foreign Minister of Portugal andtheir wives during a special stop at the Library.

Other notable visitors to the Library were TonyBennett, Kathryn (Mrs. Bing) Crosby, the Post-master General, the Ambassadors of Korea, Bul-garia, Qatar, Brazil, Portugal, and Iraq, andmembers of the parliaments of thirty-eightnations, including the President of the Senateof Jamaica and the Speaker of the NationalAssembly of Kenya.

Other foreign officials visiting the Libraryincluded Israel's Minister of Finance Qatar'sMinister of Education, Korea's Minister of Sci-ence and Technology, Canada's Minister ofIndian Affairs, the Chief Justices of Mauritiusand Madagascar, and a senior delegation ofSoviet museum directors.

Among the hundreds of foreign librariansvisiting the Library were the national and deputynational librarians from Colombia: New Zea-land, Australia, Guatemala, Jamaica, Uruguay,and Venezuela and the Director of the TurkishParliamentary Library. The National Archivistsof China, New Zealand, Norway, Spain, and theIvory Coast also paid visits to the Library. Many

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National Programs

students of library and information science cameto the Library for special day-long programs forfuture librarians.

The Library's Tour Office gave 2,752 tours to63,408 visitors in fiscal 1986, including 2,170regular tours for 48,850 visitors and 582 specialtours for 14,558 visitors. Owing to a reductionin staff, the tour leaders rotated weekly to thedivision office, assisting half-time with the offi-cial visitors program until the busiest tourist sea-son began.

The most memorable official function arrangedby the special events coordinators this year wasa star-studded dinner in the Great Hall on Oc-tober 29 celebrating 100 programs of the jointCBS/Center for the Book project "Read MoreAbout It.," Other special events included theCervantes exhibit opening and symposium; theGeography and Map Division's "Surveyors of thePacific" exhibit opening; a two-day Children'sLiterature Center symposium; a Dickens exhibitand film festival; a luncheon honoring FredericCassidy, editor of 1 he Dictionary of AmericanRegional English; the FLICC Forum and OnlineUsers Update; the Preservation MicrofilmingWorkshop; and an Engelhard Lecture.

EXHIBITS OFFICE

In pursuing its responsibility of acquainting thepublic with the immensity and diversity of theLibrary's collections, the Exhibits Office pre-sented eleven major and nine special exhibitionsfor fiscal 1986.

In conjunction with a symposium of the sametheme, the Library marked the 400th anniversaryof the publication of the first novel by Miguelle Cervantes Saavedra, La Galatea. A rare firstedition of the book was loaned to the Library bythe Pierpont Morgan Library to complement thepresentation of more than seventy items.

Another anniversary was celebrated with anexhibition at the Kennedy Center PerformingArts Library. Commemorating the fiftieth anni-versary of the first performance of the famousAmerican folk opera Porgy and Bess, theExhibits Office drew on the resources of the

Music Division's Gershwin Collection and bor-rowed from the South Carolina HistoricalSociety some never-before-exhibited correspon-dence between George Gershwin and his col-laborator Dubose Heyward, who wrote the bookand, with his wife, Dorothy, the play uponwhich the opera is based.

One of the major projects this year was theexhibit "Books in the Grand Tradition," whichdisplayed the largest of the Library's large-formatbooks, spanning the fifteenth to twentieth cen-turies.

Another large undertaking this year was theinstallation of the three-and-a-half-foot-diameterCoronelli globes in their custom designed trav-ertine cases in the Madison Building's sixth floorcentral core. Constructed in the early 1690s byFather Vincenzo Coronelli, these globes werereduced from the massive, fifteen-foot-diameterglobes he produced in 1683 for Louis XIV ofFrance, Both the terrestrial and celestial globesreflect the most up-to-date geological andastronomical data of that period with amazingaccurac:

AnalJgous to our exploration of space are theexplorations in the uncharted Pacific Basin from1768 to 1842. "Surveyors of the Pacific: Chart-ing the Pacific Basin" featured the surveys oftwenty-two expeditions in this vast area. Theexhibit "Latin American Atlantic Port Cities"reflected the development of the major ports inthe Spanish Main, 1650-1850. Included was a1775 eight-sheet map of South America thatrequired ten years of intensive labor, review, andresearch by the noted Spanish cartographer Juande la Cruz Cano y Olmedilla., First acclaimed bySpain, the map was quickly withdrawn when itdid not favorably support Spanish boundarycontentions.

'Riders on Earth Together: Expressions ofFaith in the Middle East and Asia" drew its con-tents almost solely from the Asian Division andAfrican and Middle Eastern Division collectionsbut was further enhanced by the addition ofsome fine carved items from the Parrish Foun-dation. The artifacts relate to the religions of theMiddle East and Asia including Buddhism,Christianity, Islam, Taoism, and Confucianism.

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Several photography exhibitions focused onmore recent events and times. The White HouseNews Photographers exhibition made its forty-third annual appearance. 'The Spirit of the Place:Photographs by Paul Strand" captured the charac-ter of the working people, their land, and artifactsof four regionsMexico, New England, France,and Italy. Forty-one prize-winning photographschosen from seventy thousand entries in a photocontest sponsored by the American LibraryAssociation and the Library of Congress for Na-tional Library Week were shown in "A Nation ofReaders: An Exhibition Celebrating Reading inAmerica," made possible by a contribution fromPizza Hut, Inc., to the Center for the Book.

In cooperation with the Historic AmericanBuildings Survey (HABS), the Traveling Exhi-bition Program produced an exhibition featur-ing color and black-and-white architecturalphotographs by Jack Boucher, the first full-timeprofessional photographer for HABS. "A Recordin Detail: The Architectural Photographs of JackE. Boucher" opened at the American Institute ofArchitects Building and will circulate for fiveyears as a traveling exhibition.

Series exhibitions have been installed in theMadison Memorial Hall and the central core areaof th3 Madison Building's sixth floor. Exhibitsin the Madison Memorial Hall will relate to thelife, times, and contemporaries of James Madi-son. The first in this series, "Two Moments ofthe Heart," dealt with the two women in the Lifeof James Madison, Kitty Floyd and volley Madi-son. The other series will deal with subjectsrelated to the Coronelli Globes, Corc nelli, map-and globe-making, and discovery and explora-tion. The first in this series was called "Coronelli:'Giobemaker."

The Library's loan program remained active,with 474 items from the Library's collectionsloaned to supplement exhibitions in sixty-oneU.0 . and three foreign institutions. Several of theLibrary's most important treasures, including anever-before-lent 1733 Guarnerius del Gesu vio-lin, were personally delivered to destinations inOregon, Indiana, and Pennsylvania.

The Traveling Exhibitions Program bookedfour exhibitions to be shown at eight sites, and

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four new exhibitions are being developed to addto its schedule of offerings.

A complete listing of exhibits for fiscal 1986appears in Appendix 12.

FEDERAL LIBRARY AND INFORMATIONCENTER COMMITTEE

The Federal Library and Information CenterCommittee (FLICC) marked its twenty-first yearof operation in fiscal 1986 with sustained growthand plans for reshaping the future of the com-mittee to meet the challenges of the InformationAge and the twenty.:irst century.

During the year FEDLINK, FLICC's operatingnetwork, became the largest library network inthe nation in terms of both membership anddollars of service, retaining its status as the onlylibrary network operating nationwide. FEDLINKalso doubled the number of contracts it makesavailable to the federal sector at discount prices.

As the fiscal year closed, FLICC had alreadybegun laying plans for setting long-term goalsfor the future of the committee, as needed, to bet-ter serve the federal information community inthe face of the burgeoning information technology and growing budgetary constraints.

A FLICC Task Force, chaired by FLICC Chair-man Designate Ruth Ann Stewart, was formedto review the recommendations found in a re-cently released report entitled The FederalLibrary and Information Center Committee: APlanning Study. The task force is to come upwith its own recommendations that will helpshape the policy role that FLICC will play on thenational information scene, as well as the sizeof its membership and nature and extent of ser-vices offered. Task force findings will be sub-mitted to the FLICC membership in fiscal 1987for review and further action.

The Planning Study, a fifty-two-page report onFLICC's current status and future role, was pre-pared by Joseph Donohue, a contract consultantand formerly a professor at the College of Libraryand Information Science of the University ofSouth Carolina. The seven-part study was com-piled after an in-depth review of the FLICC office

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files covering the period of 1965-85 and fifty-five interview meetings with eighty-threerespondents. Major concerns identified by thestudy are professional standards, commercialactivities, economic factors, and physical threatsto library and information facilities and services.The study identifies as future challenges theinformation society, information resource man-agement, privatism, and national service.

FLICC's third annual Forum on Federal Infor-mation Policies was held at the Library on Febru-ary 12 and drew a crowd of 200 federal libraryand information center managers. The focus ofthe meeting was on implementation and impli-cations for information access of recent policieson electronic collection, storage, and dissemi-nation of government information. For the firsttime, the proceedings were videotaped for laterviewing by FLICC members around the nationand abroad. In addition, a summary of proceed-ings was prepared for publication under the titleFederal Information Policies: Their Implemen-tation and Implications for Information Access.

A Conference on Making Library AutomationChoices, sponsored by FLICC/FEDL1NK onMay 6, featured fifteen "information pioneers"who had put together automation systems fortheir agencies' libraries and information centersduring the early stages of the technological revo-lution., The Regional Library Workshop onAccessing Federal Databases, held at the Libraryfrom September 9 to 11, included presentationson nine online databases: CENDATA, NAZIS/NEDRES, ERIC, DROLS, GPO Monthly Catalog,AGRICOLA, NASA/RECON, NLM/MEDLARS,and NTIS.

For the second year in a row, FLICC, in con-junction with the USDA Graduate School,offered ten Federal Librarian Update Seminarsto help information professionals keep abreastof developments in federal libraries and infor-mation centers. At the seminars, authorities fromthe three national libraries and other agenciesgave status reports on information activities attheir own agencies, touching on relevant issuessuch as automation, new preservation tech-niques, and cooperative efforts in collectiondevelopment.

An agreement was signed on behalf of FLICCand its FEDLINK members with OCLC Europeto provide OCLC services to federal libraries andinformation centers. The first OCLC Europeimplementation of such services will be catalog-ing and interlibrary loan at the Headquarters ofthe U.S. Army, Europe, in Heidelberg, West Ger-many. The 107 libraries which this headquartersservices should benefit significantly by theagreement.

Federal Library and Information Network( FEDLINK)

FEDLINK is a network organization of cooperat-i ig libraries and information centers which de-Ives its authority from the Federal Library and

Information Center Committee. The FEDLINKprogram offers any federal agency, primarilythrough its library or information center, theopportunity to enhance the informationresources available to meet the requirements ofits personnel. Through FLICC/FEDLINK, federalagencies have cost-effective access to a numberof automated services for online research data-bases, online cataloging and interlibrary loan,and automated acquisitions and serials control.Other services include serials subscription ser-vices and CD-ROM products.

During fiscal 1986 FEDLINK participationgrew to 1,001 agency libraries, informationcenters, and lffices cooperating in the use offifty-two contractual services which resulted in2,164 interagency agreements for approximately$40.5 million of service. Of the 2,164 agree-ments, 1,615 were renewals and 549 were new.The large number of new agreements was theresult of FEDLINK's expanded program of ser-vices, especially serials subscription servicesand the ITI Technical Logistics Reference Net-work. The above figures represent increases ofapproximately 33 percent in the number r_sf inter-agency agreements for all FEDLINK services.

Growth and diversification of services areexpected to continue in fiscal 1987, as FEDLINKand LC staff negotiated new contracts for data-base retrieval cervices, CD-ROM services, and

4929


document delivery services in late fiscal 1986.Additionally, current vendors continue to de-velop and offer new and different services.

Use of the online products and services con-tract with OCLC continued to expand in fiscal1986, with the number of federal librariesincreasing from 497 in 1985 to 530 this year. Inaddition to using the cataloging subsystem,federal libraries made increased use of the inter-library loan subsystem, borrowing approximately15,000 items in the second quarter of fiscal 1986.Also, as interest in microcomputer technologycontinued to increase, 17 federal libraries pur-chased the SC350, OCLC's microcomputer-basedserials control system. The ordering of 171 M300workstations and 179 microenhancers during theyear confirms this trend.

The FEDLINK staff provided eighty-five OCLCtraining sessions this year, revised its courseofferings for fiscal 1987, and created a newdescriptive catalog which includes not only theOCLC classes but also the courses from theMicrocomputer Center and a list of forums,workshops, and seminars from the FederalLibrary and Information Center Committee. Con-tracts to train FEDLINK members located outsidethe Mid-Atlantic region v; ere continued %. ith theBibliographic Center for Research in Denver,Colorado; the Wiscrwsin Interlibrary Services,Madison, Wisconi in; the Missouri Library Net-v:ork, Si. Louis, Missouri; the Southeastern Li-bray Network in Manta, Georgia; 'he AMIGOSBibliographic Council in Dallas, Texas; andNELINET in Newton, Massachusetts.

To support shared retrieval services, vendorcontracts were continued or expanded withBRS Information Techr ilogies, CompuServe,DIALOG Information Sei vice, Information Gen-eral Corporation, Mead Data Central, SystemDevelopment Corporation, and the West Pub-lishing Company.. Twenty-four member agree-ments were processed allowing members to loadtheir own private data files on a vendor's systemto retrieve information using the full range ofsearch capabilities of the respective contractor'ssystem,

To enable members to create optical disk/CD-ROM masters, FEDLINK contracted with the

30

Digital Equipment Corporation and Image Con-version Technologies.

The FLICC/FEDLINK Microcomputer Demon-stration Center completed its third year, provid-ing specialized microcomputer troubleshooting,consultation, and technical support to a federallibrary and information center community thatis learning to use over four hundred modifiedOCLC/IBM microcomputers and at least as manyequivalent IBM compatibles. During fiscal 1986,center staff spoke on microcomputer develop-ments at programs sponsored by the Departmentof Energy in Oak Ridge, Tennessee; at Info Mart"Index Education," in Dallas, Texas; at the Na-tional Agricultural Library, Greenbelt, Mary-land, and Army Library Institute in Fort Monroe,Virginia; and for the LC Serial Record Divisionand the LCPC Users Group.

INFORMATION OFFICE

Activities of the Information Office during fis-cal 1986 included press and public relations,interpretation of Library programs and activities4.hrough publication of the weekly Library ofCongress Information Bulletin, the monthlyCalendar of Events, quarterly press advisories,news releases, brochures, posters, and fliers;through the LC news clips on the "insight" tele-vision monitor; and through operation of theselos and information counters in the Jeffersona -id Madison buildings. This year the officeinitiated the Library of Congress InformationVolunteers to assist with serving the public.

Although direct service to media representa-tives wishing to borrow books was worked outwith the Loan Division, the call-in statistics inthe Information Office continued to grow: Dur-ing the year the office received 3,645 requests'rom the press for information, distributed15,905 clippings from newspapers and maga-zines, answered 115 questionnaires received bythe Library, and issued 184 press releases.

The Information Office directed the shippingand staffing of LC exhibits at two American Li-brary Association meetings, two American BarAssociation meetings, and the International Fed-

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eration of Library Associations and Institutionsmeeting, which was held in the United Statesfor the first time in a number of years. Theexhibit at the IFLA meeting was a cooperativeeffort with the National Agricultural Library andthe National Library of Medicine.

The major news of the year was the effect ofthe $18.3 million budget cut on all departmentsof the Library. NBC News commentator TomBrokaw, reporting on the President's State of theUnion message in early February, made the firstnational mention of the Library's severe budgetcuts, which became the subject of columns byGeorge Will, Colman McCarthy, and MaryMcCrory in the weeks that followed. Editorialsand news stories on the cuts at the Libraryappeared throughout the country and abroad.The curtailment of hours of service in the MainReading Room inspired a group calling its effort"Books Not Bombs" to carry on a highly publi-cized series of sit-in demonstrations beginningin March and aimed at extending the hours.National interest in the Library's budget crisis isindicated by the fact that the number of clip-pings from the national press leaped from 990pieces in February to 2,720 in March.

Another major news story that attracted pressattention across the nation was the visit of thePrince of Wales., Press interest in the schedulefor Prince Charles of Great Britain began someweeks before the visit with telephone callsrequesting information, press passes to cover thevisit, and coordination of arrangements with theU.S. television network pool and the British tele-vision and newspaper representatives. A pool ofreporters was given an opportunity to photo-graph the Prince in the Librarian's office as hemet the Chief Justice, some Members of Con-gress, and historians, with whom he discussedthe history of the U.S. Constitution.

Third in press interest, with more thanseventy-five press calls, was the appointment ofRobert Penn Warren as the first designated PoetLaureate Consultant in Poetry. The change intitle was the result of legislation passed by theCongress. Although Mr. Warren remained at hishome in Connecticut, he was willing to talk tothe many reporters who had called the Informa-

tion Office for interviews, to pose for pictures,and to admit television crews to his home.

Also well documented by the national presswere the activities of Poetry Consultant Gwen-dolyn Brooks, who preceded Robert Penn War-ren. Miss Brooks was the subject of more thanforty profiles and interviews. Additional topicsin the news included interviews with sciencespecialist Ruth Freitag regarding Halley's Comet,a Cervantes symposium and exhibit, the L'Enfantcollection of historic maps, congressional cutsin the budget of NLS/BPH in the amount neededto publish Playboy in braille, tlr3 appearance ofJoyce Carol Oates and other leading writers whoread their PEN award-winning short stories,James Baldwin's appearance to read from hiswork, and many others.

One of the most unusual feature stories car-ried by several newspapers and library maga-zines was the result of Library buildings workersfinding a huge beehive in the wall of the Jeffer-son Building. The honey was strained and givenwith free muffins to employees by the ARA cafe-teria management.

Television viewers continued to haveglimpses of the breadth of the Library's col-lections by watching "American Treasury,"produced by CBS News. Twenty-five new one-minute programs relating facts found in theLibrary of Congress were produced in the ser-ies' second year.

Production and technical assistance was alsogiven for several other significant productionsfeaturing the Library, including "The UnquietLibrary," a forty-five-minute special about musicin the Library of Congress produced by WETA.

The Information Office initiated two videotapeproductions, "A Conversation with GwendolynBrooks" and "A Tour of the Library of Congress,"and cooperated with the Law Library on theproduction and distribution of "Legacy of Law."All three videotapes are sold through the salescounters and the card and gift catalog. Newbrochures were created for the Staff RelationsOffice, thc. Geography and Map Division, andthe Music Division.,

New illuminated signs featuring the Guten-berg Bible as a major treasure of the Library were

51

31


created for thirteen Metro stops in the Washing-ton area. They were placed as a public service bythe Washington Metropolitan Transit Authority.

In March the Library of Congress InformationVolunteer program was inaugurated. Recruit-ment of Library retirees had begun in December1985, and orientation tours were given in Febru-ary. Twenty volunteers donated 1,288 hours ofservice during the year and answered an aver-age of 5,000 questions per month. At a secondmeeting of volunteers, held in September, theDeputy Librarian spoke to the group on the sta-tus of the renovation and on the optical disk andDEZ programs.

NATIONAL LIBRARY SERVICE FOR THEBLIND AND PHYSICALLY HANDICAPPED

Three areas highlighted the activities of theLibrary of Congress reading programs for blindand physically handicapped persons during fis-cal year 1986: The 1986 Conference of Librar-ians Serving Blind and Physically HandicappedIndividuals, held July 7-11 in Cincinnati, Ohio,drew more than 250 participants. Two congres-sional budget cuts totaling $4,283.000 an 11.7percent reduction of the NLS/BPH budgetaffected every area of the national program. Andfinally, national public education and outreachprojects included new coordinated products fora print public education campaign and exhibitsprogram and completion of four audiovisualproducts for public and network library outreach.

1986 Conference of Librarians

"Quality Effort Quality Service" was the themeof the first jointly sponsored conference held bythe Library of Congress and the National Libraryof Canada.

The conference's keynote address was pre-sented by J.A. Euclid Herie, managing directorof the Canadian National Institute for the Blind.Toronto. Dr. Herie discussed the issues of qual-ity fort and consumer impact. In addition toDr. Herie's address, the participants heard an

32

overview of Canadian library services fromDoreen Guenter, chief, Service for HandicappedPersons, National Library of Canada. Anotherhighlight of the conference was a panel discus-sion of consumer concerns moderated by JudithDixon, head of the NLS/BPH Consumer Rela-tions Section.

Following the main conference. a nationalautomation conference updated two newmicrocomputer-based systems, NLSNET, a net-work system for the cooperating libraries, andREADS, an automated circulation system. Ms.Dixon also led discussions of automation plan-ning, user group meetings, and a discussion ofcomputer aids and appliances for blind andphysically handicapped users.

A national children's services conferencefocused upon the needs of children who use thenational program and ways to improve servicesto children nationally.

Congressional Budget Cuts

The initial 1986 appropriation for NLS/BPH was$2,831,000 less than for 1985. This first cut wascompounded by reductions required under theGramm-Rudman-Hollings sequestration 4.3percent of the appropriation, or an additional$1.452,000.

These deep cuts affected direct service itemsfor patrons production of books. magazines.publications, and machinesas well as programitems such as travel for consultants and forpeople staffing exhibits. transportation of exhibitmaterials, staff training, monies for outside con-sultants and for consumer representation oncommittees, and even monies to purchase printbooks for transcription into braille or recordingon disc and cassette.

Cuts totaling almost $200,000 were effected inadministrative areas before any reductions wereconsidered in materials and services for patrons.Because approximately 90 percent of the annualNLS/BPH budget goes to provide materials forpatrons, the largest amount of savings came fromthese accounts, Every effort was made to mini-mize the impact upon patrons.

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National Programs

The most significant materials reductionswere in the number of titles selected for recordedbooks and in the number of copies to be pro-duced, J corresponding reduction in the num-ber of braille books and copies, and a limit onthe amoun. to be used for production of cassetteplayback machines. Savings from these threeareas totaled more than $3 mil;:on. None of thesereductions hdd a significant immediate effect onthe readers; decreased quantities of materialstake at least one year to become apparent.

Other savings were realized in the magazineportion of the program with ceilings put on sub-scriptions to magazines.

Service reductions were smaller, but the im-pact was immediate:17 The multistate centers were reduced fromfour to three with the closing of the MultistateCenter for the South: This step was taken toreduce the cost of space for backup materials,since NLS/BPH had reduced the amount ofmaterial to be stored.I] Outreach activities and promotional materialswere considerably curtailed. The 1986 exhibitprogram was cut sharply, and some public edu-cation projects, including the production of newpublic service announcements, were eliminatedor postponed..

Ongoing automation development projectswere retained, but no new program researchefforts were undertaken. Maintenance and up-dating of other current projects continued. Fundsfor outside consultants were reduced:

National Public Education

A coordinated national public education cam-paign featuring posters, newspaper public serviceadvertising, and 33-RPM flexible disc/print hand-outs was initiated in 1986 with the release of twoof the five segments scheduled in the three-yearcampaign. Illustrations used in the campaign cor-respond with new photomurals produced for thenational exhibit program in 1985.

Fbur new audiovisual products were com-pleted and unveiled at the Conference of Librar-ians in July:

"More Than Meets the Eye," a fourteen-minute slide show that depicts current patronsdescribing how the NLS/BPH program hasbenefited them and shows patrons in a varietyof settings using the services of the NLS/BPHprogram. The slide show was distributed to all165 cooperating libraries for use in communityoutreach to inform the public about the servicesof the NLS/BPH program.

"Multistate Means Multiservice," a nine-minute slide show explaining in detail the mul-tiple services of multistate centers. This show isprimarily for orientation of network library em-ployees who use the centers for logistical support.ii "Come on Down to the Library," a fifteen-minute videotape program designwi to promotevolunteering at network libraries. The programincludes a manual and brochure and explainshow to plan, establish, and administer volunteerprograms and how to recruit volunteers It pro-vides promotional materials to use in (hr. recruit-ing process.

"Talking Books for Seniors," a seventeen-minute videotape program that is a major com-ponent in a series of new NLS/BPH productsaimed at national outreach to seniors. NLS/BPHhas identified the senior citizen population inthe United States for a major public educationeffort over the next several years.

The last three audiovisual products will alsobe distributed to all 165 cooperating libraries.

Office of the Director

Development of three major automation projectscontinued during the year:,

The Reader Enrollment and Delivery System(READS), a microcomputer-based circulationsystem for network libraries, was installed at fivesites and successfully completed. Participantsmet to suggest enhancements for READS, andlibraries are testing these new programs. READSis now used at six regional libraries, two sub-regionals, three multistate centers, and the NLS/BPH Music Section.

The NLS/BPH communications network(NLSNET) was installed at thirteen sites, andpilot testing is in progress.

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33

Report of The Libraria of Congress. 1986

LI The Production Control Management Infor-mation System (PC/MIS), an automated produc-tion tracking system for NLS/BPH books andmagazines, has completed the design stage andproceeded to the acceptance testing stage.Screening of proposals and site evaluation visitsresulted in a change of contractor for the Com-prehensive Mailing List System (CMLS). Athree-month parallel test period between the twocontractors was initiated to ensure orderly trans-fer of the system.

A national ad hoc publications advisory groupmet at NLS/BPH on May 21-23, representingcooperating libraries and patrons. The groupmade numerous substantive format recommen-dations for patron publications, including Talk-ing Book Topics. Braille Book Review, NLS/BPHcatalogs and bibliographies, and public educa-tion projects.

A prin"ng contract consolidating all stan-dardized NLS/BPH products was developedwith the Government Printing Office to effectsavings in the division's printing budget. ThePublications and Media Section coordinatedfourteen national conference exhibits, reachingmore than 12,500 visitors, in addition to pub-lishing and distributing forty-eight magazines,seventeen bibliographies, eight catalogs, fivebrochures, three directories, and thirty-eightother items in various formats to support the na-tional program.

Automation of the NLS/BPH budget accountingsystem has improved the issuance of up-to-date"status of funds" reports. The microcomputer-based system, utilizing PBAS software, hasallowed the section to generate additionalreports of varied nature.

Network Division

Due to budget cuts, NLS/BPH closed the Mul-tistate Center for the South on April 30, afteranalysis by staff and an inventory managementexpert from George Washington University: Itsactivities were consolidated at the renamed Mul-tistate Center Midlands/South, with the transfer

34

of materials and equipment completed by Sep-tember 30.

Three multistate center (MSC) contracts werenegotiated for May 1986 through April 1987.Tape duplication equipment for all MSCs hasnow been upgraded to ensure highest possiblequality of tapes duplicated for network libraries.READS software was installed at the centers foruse in automating circulation of handcopiedbraille books. The Multistate Center for theNorth provided interlibrary loan service forNLS/BPH patrons overseas during most of theyear after the collections were stored in prepa-ration for renovation at the Taylor Street Annex.More than forty-two hundred volumes of hand-copied braille were reproduced under contractto replace missing or damaged copies or reducepatron waiting lists at multistate centers.

Telephone and written contacts with networklibraries approached three thousand last year,and more than seventy personal visits weremade to review programs, conduct workshops,and provide related assistance.

The Reference Section complet ..ighteennew or revised publications, ranging from a four-page fact sheet to an eighty-seven-page direc-tory.. An automated data base, "Magazines inSpecial Media," was completely revised for thepurpose of generating copy for several ongoingpublications and providing a ready source ofcurrent information on more than four hundredmagazines available in special media.

A significant increase in telephone referencenecessitated the scheduling, at times, of two staffmembers simultaneously on telephone duty.Interest remained high in reference circulars,fact sheets, package libraries, braille alphabetcards, and other items suitable for quick refer-ence use.

The Network Services Section produced manu-scripts for four bibliographies of NLS-ploducedbooks for juvenile readers this fiscal year. Theaudio book production specialist completedwork on a prototype tone-indexing device fornetwork use, and units were placed in selectedvolunteer recording agencies for evaluation. Thefour audiovisual products completed for net-work library use were coordinated by one of the

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National Programs

network consultants. Bibliographers revised theNetwork Library Manual and distributed elevennew or revised entries. Network consultantsvisited twenty-three regional libraries, makingbiennial assessments. Ten minibibliographieswere published.

The Music Section revised and updated twocatalogs in the Music and Musicians series,the Instructional Disc Recording Catalog andInstructional Cassette Recordings Catalog.Braille Scores Catalog Vocal, Part II: PopularSupplement A was compiled. Agreements weresigned with ten veteran transcribers to braille allNLS/BPH-produced scores for one year. In addi-tion, the backlog of braille music thermoform-ing and binding was eliminated. The DictatedMusic Project completed the manuscript for Dic-tated Music:. An Instruction Manual. The MusicSection loaned braille, recorded, and large-printmusic materials and magazines to more thanseven thousand individuals nationwide A totalof 3,120 reference inquiries were answered.

Consumer Relations Section activities concen-trated on continuing efforts to gather and moni-tor comments from library users. Section staffattended annual conventions of the NationalFederation of the Blind and the American Coun-cil of the Blind, participated in semiannualmeetings with organizational leaders, and pre-pared articles for publication in organizationalmagazines. The section head chaired an NLS/BPH committee that focused on technology-related developments which affect library ser-vice for consumers. Projects include coordina-tion of the narration of computer books,coordination of the production and distributionof the package library on computer applicationsin cassette form, gathering and dissemination ofinformation on the technological devices usedin network libraries and by braille transcribinggroups, aid development of plans for a modelcommunications center.

Great strides were made to enhance the pro-ductivity of blind staff at NLS/BPH through useof new technology. In the fall of 1985, four com-plete braille-based word processing systemswere purchased. Each work space station con-sists of an Ampro microcomputer, a VersaBraille

paperless braille device, Versatext software. anda letter-quality ink printer.

The circulating collection of tactile maps,which includes maps recently acquired from theRoyal National Institute for the Blind, wasmoved into map cases. All maps were examinedfor damage, tactile map numbers were assigned,and the collection was cataloged by an outsideconsultant.

Materials Development Division

Overhaul of many bid packages for procurementof NLS/BPH products was completed this year.Contract language was standardized betweenlike contracts, and the number of contracts wasreduced through merging of similar products.Cost-saving and simplifying measures included,for example, a reduction in the number of cas-sette intermasters produced and elimination ofthe requirement for open-reel submasters ofrecorded magazines.

A milestone in equipment procurement wasreached with production of the 200,000th C-1cassette-book machine at Telex.

A centralized mailing list for braille magizineswas created which will ease the process of main-taining accurate mailing lists and enable NLS/BPH to gain complete statistical information onbraille magazine subscriptions for the first time.,

Approximately 700,000 repair parts wereshipped to Telephone Pioneers and other volun-teers who repaired more then 100,000 talking-book and cassette machines for the program.Their donation of more than 70,000 hours isvalued at more than a million dollars.

The Bibliographic Control Section, in cooper-ation with Recording for the Blind, Inc (RFB),completed processing of RFB's catalogingrecords for inclusion in the Union Catalog:Reading Materials for Blind and PhysicallyHandicapped Individuals. The catalog now con-tains 107,000 entries, providing the largest listof reading materials for blind and physicallyhandicapped readers in the world. The cooper-ative work will continue as new materials areadded.

35


The Braille Development Section's mission oftraining sighted people in one of three braillecodes and blind people in braille proofreading wascarried out with limited staff resources. All staffspecialists and two outside consultants kept thetest transcription backlog manageable. An outsideconsultant assisted with the math braille course.

A second field test of the high-speed brailleembosser was launched at the Florida RegionalLibrary, after extended Legotiat ions.

Section staff assisted in preparing the braillemasters of two elements of the literary brailleinstructional materials and in proofreading allelements, following issuance of the new printedition in fiscal 1985.,

Through August 1986, 136 new students hadjoined one of the four braille courses, most inliterary transcribing or proofreading, bringingthe total to 533 students. In this period, 166 stu-,!..ats received a Library of Congress certificatein literary, music, or mathematics braille tran-scription or braille proofreading.

Despite the lack of a children's librarian anda budget cut equaling the loss of about 150 titles,the Collection Development Section staff pro-cessed more than 2,500 titled and exceededearlier projections. The high title count was dueprimarily to two factors: exceeding goals for thechildren's collection, where titles are less expen-sive to produce and more can be done, and theprocessing of more than 200 braille and recordedtitles in English -md foreign languages obtainedfrom overseas.

Budget cuts led to postponing the addition ofnew periodicals and to dropping the BrailleMagazine of the Quarter program and Playboy..Evaluation of 1,000 Easy cassette machines (E-1)by patrons and network librarians was com-pleted. No significant changes to the design ofthe E-1 were considered necessary, and the con-tractor has been notified to begin production ofan additional 29,000 units. The Engineering Sec-tion completed work on revising cassette-bookmachine specifications to reflect requirementsfor C-2 and C-3 cassette machines. Specifi-cations were completed for production of aflexible-disc test record to be used in determin-ing the competency of flexible-disc pioclucers,

36

The rigid-disc format for magazines and bookswas eliminated from the NLS/BPH program; thesavings will be applied to the production ofadditional titles in cassette format. The Produc-tion Control Section also established braillesports schedules on a direct-to-patron basis forthe first time, enabling patrons to receive theirschedules in a more timely fashion. The sectionmonitored the production of 240 rigid-discbooks, 100 flexible-disc books, 1,275 cassettebooks, 380 press-braille books, and 29handcopied-braille books, in addition to 27braille magazines and 38 flexible-disc magazines.

The NLS/BPH recording studio completedninety-nine books and five special projects.Among the hooks recorded were the last eightof the seventeen official hi Tories of the war inVietnam.

The Quality Assurance Section implementedquality control programs at all commercial andvolunteer agencies producing materials throughthe Materials Development Division under con-tract. As a result, fewer outgoing lots wererejected and the quality of materials sent topatrons was improved.

The section reviewed the quality of approxi-mately two thousand braille and recordedcontrol copies for compliance with NLS/BPHspecifications, coordinated production of morethan five hundred intermaster titles from the RD6000 series, and reviewed the quality of themaster tapes for thirty reissues from the talking-book and cassette-book collections. Staff traveledto the cassette-book-machine manufacturer inBlue Earth, Minnesota, on a biweekly basis tomonitor production and approve all outgoingshipments.,

PUBLISHING OFFICE

In May 1986 the Library Journal published theAmerican Library Association's 1985 NotableDocuments List. Prepared by the Notable Docu-ments Committee of ALA's GovernmentDocuments Round Table, the list includesgovernment publications judged outstanding onthe basis of such criteria as creative approach,

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National Programs

innovative presentation, lucid style of writing,contribution to the expansion of knowledge,comprehensibility to nonspecialists, and physi-cal appearance (typography, design, printing,binding, etc.).

From the thousands of books published byfederal agencies in 1983 and 1984, the commit-tee selected nineteen for its 1985 list. Three ofthese were Library of Congress publicationsarecord unmatched by any other governmentEgency, The Library's winners were HistoricAmerica: Buildings, Structures, and Sites; Pano-ramic Maps of Cities in the United States andCanada; and Revolutionary America, . 763-1789: A Bibliography.

The Publishing Office's tradition of producingmajor works in fields whose diversity reflects thebreadth of the collections themselves continuedin fiscal 1986. The Printer & the Pardoner: An Un-recorded Indulgence Printed by William Caxtonfor the Hospital of St. Mary Rounceval, CharingCross, by Paul Needham, received impressivelyfavorable reviews. The Washington Post BookWorld referred to The Printer & the Pardoner asa "fascinating new volume" that is tooth an in-tellectual detective story and an introduction tothe world of 15th-century English printing," andan enthusiastic Times Literary Supplementremarked, "Perhaps historians ought to be moreindulgent to indulgences." Book World called theLibrary of Congress "one of the nation's most taste-ful" publishers, producing "beautifully printedbooks on a variety of subjects."

Folk life Annual 1985, which appeared earlyin the fiscal year, also received warm praise andhighly favorable reviews. Edited by Alan Jabbourand James Hardin, the annual represents a majorstep in furthering the American Folk life Center'sgoal of presenting to the American people evi-dence of a rich heritage of expressive life. Thisfirst Folk life Annual includes a broad selectionof articles that reflect the nation's own culturaldiversity: Mary Hufford discusses the people ofNew Jersey's Pine lands National Reserve andtheir various pursuits; David Steven Cohen talksabout the origins of those people, the "Pineys";Archie Green describes the Library's Archive ofFolk Culture as a living repository and potent

force for "cultural pluralism;" Edward D. Ivestraces the history of a single song "The Team-ster in Jack Macdonald's Crew" and the eventsthat inspired it; John Bennett presents a studyof the work, culture, and values of the cowboyand rancher in the North American West; JohnErickson provides a close-up view of the life ofa cowboy on a ranch h the northern Texas Pan-handle; Marjorie Hunt looks at the artistry,craftsmanship, and culture of the stone carversat the Washington Cathedral; I. Sheldon Posenand Daniel Franklin Ward connect SimonRodia's striking towers in the Watts section ofLos Angeles with the Italian Giglio tradition; andJohn F., Turner and Judith Dunham describe thevisionary folk art of fundamentalist preacherHoward Filmier. The volume includes 136 illus-trations, 36 of them in full color.

Of the ten thousand cylinders and tape copiesof cylinders in the Library's Archive of Folk Cul-ture, seven thousand document the music andlanguages of nearly 140 Native Americangroups. This year the Publishing Office broughtout the second volume of The Federal CylinderProject: A Guide to Field Cylinder Collectionsin Federal Agencies, edited by Judith A. Grayand Dorothy Sara Lee, with the assistance ofGregory Pontecorvo. This volume lists record-ings from Northeastern and Southeastern Indiantribes.

As contributions to the study of poetry andliterature, the office brought out several worksthat originated as oral presentations at theLibrary. Samuel Beckett: Nayman of Noland, alecture delivered at the Library of Congress onApril 16, 1985, by Richard Ellmann, was pub-lished as the fourth in a series of literary explo-rations presented at the Library by Mr. Ellmannunder the auspices of the Gertrude Clarke Whit-tall Poetry and Literature Fund. The Beckettlecture was then united with its threepredecessors "Oscar Wilde at Oxford," "W .B.Yeats's Second Puberty," and "James Joyce In andOut of Art" and published as Four Dubliners:Wilde,, Yeats, Joyce, and Beckett.

In another literary compilation, the Publish-ing Office brought together papers and discus-sions from a conference held at the Library on

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April 30 and May 1, 1984, under the title GeorgeOrwell & Nineteen Eighty-Four: The Man andthe Book. The papers are: "What Orwell ReallyWrote," by Peter Davison; "Orwell the Man," byJenni Calder; "The Englishness of GeorgeOrwell," by Peter Stansky; "Nineteen Eighty-Four: Politics and Fable," by Denis Donoghue;"'Not One of Us': George Orwell and NineteenEighty-Four," by Alfred Kazin; "Nineteen Eighty-Four: A Novel of the 1930s," by Jeffrey Meyers;The Reception of Nineteen Eighty-Four," by Ber-

nard Crick; and "Orwell's Legacy," by Nathan A.Scott, Jr.

And finally, Poets and Anthologists: A Lookat the Current Poet-Packaging Process, by PoetryConsultant Reed Whittemore, originated as a lec-ture presented at the Library on May 6, 1985,

Libraries and librarianship, appropriatelyenough, appeared as the subjects of a numberof Library of Congress publications this year.Remarks by the Librarian of Congress at theGeneral Conference of the International Federa-tion of Library Associations and Institutions,he.d in Chicago in August 1985, were publishedas The Indivisible World: Libraries and the Mythof Cultural Exchange. Two Engelhard Lectureson the Book, presented at the Library of Congressin the spring of 1985, were issued as The His-tory of Books and Libraries: Two Views. John P.Feather, senior lecturer in the Department ofLibrary and Information Studies, LoughboroughUniversity, entitled his paper "The Book in His-tory and the History of the Book," while DavidMcKitterick, rare book curator in the CambridgeUniversity Library, selected as his topic "TheLimits of Library Estory," And in Books in MyLife, Robert B. Downs, a member of the NationalAdvisory Board of the Center for the Book, dis-cusses his "deep devotion to the printed word."

A major goal of the Publishing Office is tobring the Library of Congress and its collectionsto the attention of the various publics that makeup the Library's users and potential users, inaddition to providing valuable information forresearchers at institutions elsewhere in the coun-try. Bibliographies and guides to the Library'scollections thus constitute one of ,e office'smost important products. In fiscal 1986 such

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publications included additions to establishedseries as well as new works reflecting currentgeneral or special research interest.

The twelfth volume of Letters of Delegates toCongress, 1774-1789 covered the period fromFebruary 1 to May 31, 1779. This continuingseries, edited by Paul H. Smith, originated dur-ing the Library's celebration of the Bicentennialof the American Revolution and is providingincreasingly broad access to primary sourcematerials relating to the activities of the First andSecond Continental Congresses.

Access to primary sources covering the sub-sequent crisis that threatened the nation's veryexistence is provided in Civil War Manuscripts:A Guide to Collections in the Manuscript Divi-sion of the Library of Congress, compiled by JohnR. Sellers. This comprehensive reference worklists 1,064 separate collections that relate inwhole or in part to the Civil War: Each entryincludes a statement about the character of thecollection, its inclusive dates, and its approxi-mate size. along with a brief description of thoseitems that relate to the war,

Another era and another medium are reflectedin The Theodore Roosevelt Association FilmCollection: A Catalog. prepared by WendyWhite-Hensen and Veronica M. Gillespie. withthe assistance of Harriet Harrison. The catalogprovides basic information on a collection that:in addition to recording the public life of one ofthe country's most photogenic Presidents, con-stitutes a major visual record of the first decadesof the twentieth century.

And to mark the centenary of Samuel Gomper'selection as first president of the American Fed-eration of Labor, the Publishing Office broughtout Samuel Gompers: A Selected List of Refer-ences about the Man and His Times, by R. DavidMyers..

Several of the Library's extensive foreign andinternational collections were the subjects ofmajor bibliographies published in fiscal 1986:Afghanistan: An American Perspective:' A Guideto U.S, Official Documents and Government-Sponsored Publicatic -s, by Julian W. Witherell,includes 631 entries covering selected publica-tions on Afghanistan issued by or for the U.S.

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National Programs

government from the time of initial official con-tacts between the two nations in the 1920s to1984. Chinese Newspapers in the Library of Con-gress:, A Bibliography, compiled by Han -chi:Huang and Hseo-chin Jen, lists some twelvehundred newspapers published from the 1870sto the present. The first annual volume of U.S.Imprints on Sub-Saharan Africa: A Guide toPublications Cataloged at the Library of Con-gress, compiled by the African Section, includespublications about Sub-Saharan Africa that werepublished or distributed in the United Statesfrom 1983 through 1985. The third supplementto Africa South of the Sahara: Index to Periodi-cal Literature, also compiled in the African Sec-tion, covers Africar.a periodical articlespublished in 1977. And Antarctic Bibliography,volume 14, edited ' Geza T. Thuronyi,includes 2,795 abstracts of current Antarcticliterature, with a cut-off date of June 1985.

The Publishing Office also brought out majordirectories this fiscal year covering human andcrganizational resources in three diverse fields:The Community of the Book: A Directory ofSelected Organizations and Programs, compiledby Carren 0. Kaston and edited by John Y. Cole,is a selective listing of organizations that pro-mote books and reading, administer literacyprojects. and encourage the study of books. Thethird edition of the National Directory of LatinAmericanists, edited by Inge Maria Harman,brings together biographic and bibliographicdata for 4,915 individuals with specializedknowledge of Latin America, InformationResources in the Arts: A Directory, compiled byLloyd W. Shipley, includes basic information on367 organizations that provide publications andother services in such areas as the fine arts,dance, theater, music, film, and broadcasting.

Fiscal 1986 also saw the appearance of Booksfor Children, no. 2, compiled by Margaret N.Coughlan with the assistance of a committee ofchildren's book specialists. This second annuallist in a new format includes picture books, fic-tion, and nonfiction, arranged by age group.

Special items prepared and published by theoffice this year included Casey at the Bat, theauthentic, famous baseball saga by Mr. ErnestL. Thayer, recited to great effect by Mr. DeWolfHopper, and with an introduction by Mr. JamesGilreath. This unique edition of the story ofCasey, the over-confident Mudville slugger whostrikes out at a crucial moment in the big game,includes Thayer's original text, illustrations bycommercial artist Edgar Keller from a 1904pamphlet, and a 1909 Victor recording of Caseyby the man responsible for its popularity. Newnotecards this year included a boxed set of repro-ductions of four paintings by Chinese artist Ch'iPai-shih. Ten new postcards were also pro-duced, along with eight reprints of favoritesfrom past years.

To bring the activities of the Library as a wholeto the attention of the public, the PublishingOffice compiled, edited, and produced theAnnual Report of the Librarian of Congress forthe Fiscal Year Ending September 30, 1985 andbrought out The Library of Congress 1985: ABrief Summary of the Major Activities for theFiscal Year Ending September 30, 1985, pre-pared by the Information Office. To bring theLibrary's publications to the attention of the pub-lic, the Publishing Office prepared and producedLibrary of Congress Selected Publications,1986-1987 and The Library of Congress Cardand Gift Catalog, 1986-1987,

A list of the Library's publications for fiscal1986 appears in Appendix 14,

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Congressional Research Service

The Congressional Research Service (CRS) is thedepartment of the Library whose sole functionis to assist the Congress. CRS provides a varietyof services to the Congress, ranging from in-depth policy analyses and close support of thelegislative process to information and referencesupport on thousands of high-interest topics.The Service uses a number of products and ser-vices to help the Congress maintain its positionas the best-informed legislative body in theworld including up-to-date Issue Briefs on300-400 of the most pressing policy issues, InfoPacks, Bill Digests, legislative histories, bibliog-raphies, telephone hotlines, seminars and insti-tutes for Members' staff, personal briefings, andtelevision programming.

Speed of response, the watchword of any leg-islative support agency, is the driving forcebehind the CRS commitment to harness newtechnology in helping the Congress deal with theincreasingly complex issues that beset thenation. The Congressional Research Service isconstantly exploring new technologies to keepits services on the frontier of automation andcommunication (technologies such as the opti-cal disk, facsimile transmission, use of micro-computers and computer models, etc.). As a partof the Library of Congress, CRS benefits from thenew technologies constantly under developmentby the nation's library.

Working in a nonpartisan and objective man-ner, CRS can help the Congress sort out and putin context the welter of .lompeting claims thatcharacterize the legislative process in an infor-mation age. The seven research divisions andtwo information and reference divisions of CRSwork together to form interdisciplinary teams tooffer comprehensive assistance on the mostcomplex issues facing the Congress. Theseefforts are under the leadership of the Directorof CRS Gilbert Gude until his retirement inDecember 1985, and Joseph E. Ross, who was

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named Director by the Librarian of Congress inMarch 1986.

Fiscal 1986 was a year of challenge for the Li-brary and CRS. Budget cuts imposed across thelegislative community under the new Gramm-Ru dman-Hollings deficit reduction effortsstrained the resources available to meet theneeds of Congress. CRS was also affected byearlier reductions made in the regular appropria-tions process. Forced to cut services to reachmandated budget targets, CRS had to freezevacancies, stop special deliveries, cut Info Packs,and take other steps that had the unfortunateeffect of limiting access to CRS services.

Despite fewer offerings and staffing that wasalmost 10 percent less than normal, the Congres-sional Research Service was still able to handle433,666 requests.,

Notwithstanding the budget constraints underwhich it operated, the Congressional ResearchService was also able to provide noteworthydirect support to an unusually ambitious andproductive Congress. The following examplesillustrate some of the help provided in congres-sional deliberations concerning a number ofmajor Isrues dealt with in the second session ofthe 99th Congress.

Deficit Reduction and the Budget Process

The Gramm-Rudman-Hollings deficit reductionlegislation was extraordinary, not only in itssweep and ambitious design but also because thedevelopment of the legislation, its passage andinitial implementation, judicial review and par-tial Supreme Court invalidation, and consider-ation of curative legislation all occurred in thespan of about ten months. CRS analysts wereclosely involved in all stages of this legislative(and judicial) process.

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Numerous reports and memoranda were pre-pared by the American Law Division and theGovernment Division on various aspects of thebill as it evolved, some of which were reprintedand referred to during debate on the legislation.Constitutional questions of separation of powersand delegation of legislative power were a sig-nificant component of the debate, and a Govern-ment Division specialist testified on these issuesbefore the House Committee on GovernmentOperations. The division also assisted at thebill's conference stage.

American Law Division attorneys and a Gov-ernment Division specialist assisted congres-sional plaintiffs, House Counsel, and the SenateLegal Counsel during the judicial challengebefore the District Court and the Supreme Court.A televised CRS seminar with representatives ofall the participants in the case was also spon-sored by the American Law Division, Immedi-ately following the Supreme Court's decisionpartially invalidating the law (Bowsher v.Synar), American Law Division attorneys, withspecialists from the Government Division, con-ducted two seminars to discuss the implicationsof the decision. Efforts to respond to the Court'sobjections and revive the Gramm-Rudman-Hollings mechanism began immediately afterthe Court announced its decision, and Ameri-can Law attorneys and Government Divisionspecialists have been closely involved in sug-gesting and analyzing alternatives that haveemerged.,

Congressional concern over the impact ofreductions extended across the board as cutswere made in federal programs and activities forfiscal 1986 and the possibilities of further cutswere contemplated for fiscal 1987. All CRS divi-sions responded to these concerns. For example,congressional attention to funding cutbacksresulted in a workshop by the Environment andNatural Resources Policy Division on the effectof the Gramm-Rudman-Hollings Act on naturalresource agencies, with the participation of theAmerican Law and Government divisions. TheScience Policy Research Division prepared amajor review of the effects of the sequestrationon nondefense research-and-development bud-

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gets for the House Science and Technology Com-mittee and the Senate Commerce Committee.

The impact on defense and foreign assistancebudgets was examined throughout the year ina series of policy alerts, Issue Briefs, and semi-nars produced by analysts in the Foreign Affairsand National Defense Division immediatelybefore key congressional votes on budget issuesin these areas. The Congressional ReferenceDivision created a new Info Pack, "Gramm-Rudman-Hollings," which became a best-seller(5,496 copies in fiscal 1986).

Congress called upon the Education and Pub-lic Welfare Division for legislative supportduring the budget reconciliation process. Forexample, seven members of that division'sHealth Section assisted with the agenda for theSenate-House conference on Medicare andMedicaid FY87 reconciliation legislation, whichconcerned the Senate Finance, House Ways andMeans, and House Energy and Commerce com-mittees. Working closely with staffs of thesecommittees, Education and Public Welfare Divi-sion analysts clarified legislative language andprovided technical assistance on issues andpolicy options in the legislation..

With regard to other facets of federal bud-geting, the Government and American Lawdivisions produced studies dealing with theevolving role of the Office of Management andBudget (issued as a committee print by theSenate Governmental Affairs Committee), finan-cial management reform in the executive branch,and legislative-executive relations over suchbudgetary practices as the impoundment andreprogramming of funds.

Tax Reform

"One of the most far-reaching enactments indecades," was the verdict of a number of observ-ers concerning Congress's major revision of theincome tax code, affecting the taxation of cor-porations as well as individuals. The report ofthe conference committee on the tax reform billwas adopted by the House and Senate in Sep-tember 1986. The Economics Division provided

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assistance on many special aspects of tax reform,including consultations, briefings, seminars,and reports and memoranda. One divisionspecialist testified before the Senate FinanceCommittee on tax treatment of corporate reorga-nization. Economics Division products on impli-cations of tax reform proposals for incomedistribution and effective tax rates were virtu-ally the only research sources on these mattersavailable to Members during the period of deci-sive consideration. They circulated widely dur-ing deliberations and were available during floordebates. For each of the three omnibus tax bills,an Issue Brief was prepared by the EconomicsDivision presenting comparisons to current lawand other proposals, seminars were conducted,and reports were issued on such mattersas income distribution effects and effective taxrates on different asset types and major indus-try groups.

The tax reform issue snowballed as the yearprogressed in terms of both congressional andconstituent interest. Demand for CRS's "TaxReform Issues" Info Pack paralleled this increas-ing concern, ant: 9 total of 3,354 copies were dis-tributer,. Documents associated with the taxbill's passage were of particular interest to Mem-ber offices but were in short supply. As a result,reference copies of the documents in the CRSReference Centers and the La Follette and Jeffer-son Congressional Reading Rooms saw heavyuse. In addition, the Library Services Divisionprovided ten short bibliographies and a seriesof newspaper editorial compilations on the taxreform efforts.

American Law Div:,7ion attorneys and para-legals respcnded to numerous questions on theeffect of various proposals at each step duringcongressional consideration of the tax bill.:Reports were prepared on a number of aspectsof the reform legislation, including its effect ontaxation of federal pensions, IRA investment,taxation of insurance annuity fund buildup, andtax exempt municipal bonds. At year's end,American Law Division tax lawyers were prepar-ing a series of seminars, with the EconomicsDivision, on the impact of the tax reform legis-lation.

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The Environment and Natural Resources Pol-icy Division provided close committee supportand written reports on the impact of tax reformon forestry. In revising the tax bill, Congress alsogave much attention to taxation of pensions andof deferred compensation. At a committee'srequest, Education and Public Welfare Divisionanalysts prepared papers exploring how after-taxyields of Individual Retirement Accounts forvarious taxpayers would be changed by repeal-ing tax deductibility for IRA contributions.

Trade Deficit

Reaching unprecedented levels by the end of thefiscal year, the nation's trade deficit with itssignificant impact on jobs, trading partners, andcapital flowstriggered the most important con-gressional policy debate in international eco-nomics during the year. Economics Divisionanalysts collaborated on a congressional semi-nar entitled "Trade Policy: New Directions?"After the House omnibus trade bill was passedin May 1986, a report was prepared by the Eco-nomics Division comparing the House bill withselected Senate trade bills.

In August of 1986, the President's veto ofmajor textile legislation was subject to an over-ride vote in the House. In response to a flood ofinquiries, the Congressional Reference Divisionprovided financial data on the domestic textileindustry ov,_ r the past five years compared withother domestic industries. Using an outsidedatabase, the division also compiled a master iistof all textile manufacturers' plants ranked bysales and employees. This list provided theMembers with contacts at manufacturing plantsso that they could conduct inquiries into theviews and concerns of those most affected by thetextile legislation.

A number of congressional trade reformproposals raised issues of legal compatibilitywith the General Agreement on Tariffs andTrade (GATT). The American Law Division pre-pared an analysis assessing the GATT implica-tions of a proposal to authorize countervailingduties on imported goods favored by subsidies

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in foreign producing nations. The division alsoprepared analyses regarding the interpretationof GATT requirements by U. S. courts and iden-tifying the standard utilized by the InternationalTrade Commission in reviewing agriculturalimport cases where injury to U.S. domestic inter-ests is alleged.

Trends in bilateral economic relations, espec-ially between the United States and Far Easterncountries and Latin America, stimulated manyrequests. Studies were prepared by the EconomicsDivision for committee prints on metal mining andprocessing, economic development in Asia, andthe Chinese economy. A senior specialist assistedin arranging a trade mission to Asia for a commit-tee of jurisdiction that visited eight countries andmade a major report to Congress.

Congressional concern with protectionism inthe United States and abroad increased in thepast year, The Economics Division issuedreports on protec'ionist policies of major U.S.trading partners, market access to Japan, andprotectionist legislation in 1985. Several Eco-nomics Division reports examining trade prac-tices of U.S. trading partners were issued incongressional documents by the House Energyand Commerce Committee and the Joint Eco-nomic Committee.

The Science Policy Research Division assisteda number of congressional committees withanalyses comparing U.S. and foreign industrialinnovation and productivity, The division alsoanalyzed legislative proposals to encourageinnovation, expand federal technology transferactivities, and create new mechanisms for thesupport of technology development.

Assistance was provided by the EconomicsDivision for committee hearings on a variety ofissues, including U.S.-European economicaffairs, Eximbank, unfair trade practices, U.S.trade policy, and South African-U.S, economicrelations, among others. Three Environment andNatural Resources Policy Division reports ontrade were published as committee prints (oneon GATT by the Senate Agriculture Committeeand two on U.S. agricultural trade rotations withthe European Community and Japan, respec-tively, by the Joint Economic Committee.)

The trade deficit and international trade wereconsistently among the most popular topics ofinquiry during fiscal 1986. The CongressionalReference Division's "Trade Issues" Info Pack,which covers legislation and also provides statis-tics on over eighty of the largest U.S.. tradingpartners, was in heavy demand (2,125 copies)The Congressional Reference Division used acomprehensive database for U.S., internationaltrade statistics to answer questions on trade inspecific commodities. ri.e Library Services Divi-sion prepared a bibliographic backgrounder andan editorial compilation on foreign trade issueswhich were used at CRS-sponsored seminars.

Drug Control

Public alarm over reports of rapidly acceleratinguse of cocaine and cocaine freebase ("crack" or"rock"), heightened by several highly publicizedcocaine-related deaths, prompted passage of anomnibus law aimed at the nation's drug problem.In a period of less than three weeks, twelve Housecommittees produced a 365-page, twelve-titlebill. The House passed the bill after adoptingsome controversial floor amendments, in partic-ular a death penalty provision. Subsequently, theAdministration submitted its own omnibus bill,the Senate Democrats developed another, and theSenate Republicans yet another. The measurewhich the Senate considered and passed initiallywas a composite of these three proposals. Con-fel-0es reached agreement late in the session andCongress cleared the measure on October 17,,shortly after the close of the fiscal year.

The Government Division provided assistanceto a number of committees and Members, bothin designing proposals and in research on therationales for their i;.clusion, A summary of theHouse bill was prepared by the division for quickavailability to Senate Members and staff work-ing on the issue, and comparative analyses of thevarious proposals were provided, on a confer-ence basis, to a number of these Members andstaff,

American Law Division attorneys also con-sulted with requesters and prepared reports on

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many aspects of the omnibus drug bill proposals,including the death penalty, use of the militaryin drug law eKorcement, forfeiture reform, andthe exclusionary rule. After enactment of theomnibus bill, a summary for general con-gressional use was prepared by a team ofanalysts from the American Law, Education andPublic Welfare, Foreign Affairs, and Govern-ment divisions.

In March of 1986, the Presidential Commis-sion on Organized Crime recommended that fed-eral agencies begin screening their employeesfor illegal drug use. Later in the year, the Presi-dent issued an executive order requiring thatprograms be established for testing executivebranch employees in "sensitive" job positions forillegal drug use. The Science Policy ResearchDivision was frequently asked to explain how aproper drug testing program could function andto provide information on the sensitivity andaccuracy of current testing technology. Ameri-can Law Division attorneys and GovernmentDivision analysts prepared reports and respondedto many inquiries on the legal questions raisedby drug testing of federal employees and relatedproposals.

Members of the Congressional Reference Divi-sion made extensive use of databases to respondto requests in the drug abuse area. Of particularvalue was the ability to retrieve articles from theMiami and Philadelphia newspapers and fromnewspapers in Texas and California.

Crises Affecting U.S. Interests in Key ForeignCountries

Congress's foreign policy interests focused onmonitoring major changes in countries of par-ticular importance to the United States andassessing U.S. responses to these changes

Central America

Foreign Affairs and National Defense Divisionanalysts prepared a variety of short papers andreports to answer the heavy volume of congres-

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sional requests concerning developments inCentral America and the Reagan Administra-tion's policy against the Sandinista governmentin Nicaragua. Issue Briefs were available onNicaragua, U.S. assistance to antigovernmentguerrillas in Nicaragua, the progress of the"Contadora" peace plan for Central America, andthe related situations in El Salvador and Hon-duras. The Economics Division prepared reportsassessing economic sanctions on Nicaragua andCuba.

Throughout the year, the American Law Divi-sion responded to many congressional queriesregarding the legality of U.S. assistance toContra forces in Nicaragua in the context ofinternational legal prohibitions against interven-tion by one nation into the affairs of another.From a domestic legal perspective, there wasconsiderable legislative interest in assessing theextent to which privately funded Contra assis-tance might run afoul of U.S. neutrality laws.

Central America was the biggest foreign affairsissue for the Congressional Reference Division.Three Info Packs covered the major areas of inter-est. A "Central America Notebook" of newspaperclippings was set up by the Library ServicesDivision and maintained in the reference centersand reading rooms.

South Africa

In what was viewed by some observers as theyear's most important foreign policy defeat forPresident Reagan, Congress overwhelminglyoverrode his September 26 veto and enacted intolaw a measure imposing economic sanctionsagainst South Africa. Foreign Affairs Divisionanalysts produced most of the eighteen majorCRS products available on the deepening crisisin South Africa an-I its implications for theUnited States.

Congress sought the assistance of the Ameri-can Law Division on a variety of legal issuesassociated with legislation imposing sanctionsagainst South Africa. The division preparedanalyses compLring existing executive branchsanctions with those mandated by House and

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Senate bills, determining the extent to whichfederal sanction legislation would preemptrelated state and local laws, evaluating the legalissues raised by proposals to require divestitureby U.S. firms in South Africa, and assessing thecompatibility of the suspension of air carrierlanding rights with the U.S.-South Africanbilateral air transport agreement.

U.S. investment in South Africa also con-tinued to be of considerable interest to Congress.The Economics Division provided assistance forcongressional hearings on South African-U.S.economic relations. The United States is viewedas being dependent on the Republic of SouthAfrica for imports of several critical materials,including ferrochromium, ferromanganese,vanadium, platinum-group metals, fluorspar,and industrial diamonds. Congress addressedthis issue in its efforts to draft legislatiun thatwould impose sanctions on South Africa; theScience Policy Research Division assisted anumber of committees and Members in hearings,and with briefing materials and personal consul-tations on relevant materials dependency, alter-native sources, and the utility of materialssubstitution.

The Philippines

The crisis of leadership under President Marcosand the transition to government under Presi-dent Aquino represented the most importantissue in Asia for the Congress. Specialists fromthe Foreign Affairs Division kept up with con-gressional demand through Issue Briefs, a majorworkshop convened a few days before the Phil-ippine elections, and a seminar briefing for con-gressional staff following a division specialist'sparticipation in the official U.S., observer mis-sion to the Philippine presidential elections.

Farm Problems

U.S. farmers have been plagued by dramaticdeclines in agricultural exports, burgeoning crop

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surpluses, declining prices, and rising debt.Federal farm programs have been unable to solvethese problems despite their record-high costs.

To frame the issues, explain the ongoingdebate, and analyze various options, Environ-ment and Natural Resources Policy Divisionanalysts prepared several analytical reports andmemos on issues stemming from the interactionof last year's farm bill and credit act amendments.

Support was provided to the Congress in allphases of the legislative process: assisting innumerous hearings (preparing witness lists andquestions, providing background informationfor committee members, and summarizing hear-ing records); conducting many staff and Mem-ber briefings and seminars (including a seminaron the impact of the 1985 Farm Act, sponsoredjointly with Resources for the Future); andpreparing materials used by both the House andSenate Agriculture committees in conferencesas well as in reports on legislation. Over thepast year, the Environment and Natural Re-sources Division also worked with the HouseForeign Affairs Committee which is reprint-ing a division report on U.S.-European Commu-nity agricultural trade relations in a hearingrecord.

The Education and Public Welfare Divisionassisted congressional committees on the foodstamp and commodity provisions of the FoodSecurity Act of 1986: American Law Divisionattorneys prepared memoranda on the agricul-tural export enhancement program and the dairytermination program,

Defense Spending and Arms Control

Congress and the Reagan Administration setsharply competing positions in what provedto be a major confrontation over defense spend-ing. Under pressure from the Gramm-Rudman-Hollings deficit reduction law and strongly com-peting domestic priorities, the Senate and Housepassed budget, authorization, and appropria-tions legislation that markedly scaled back andmodified the Reagan Administration's fiscal1987 budget proposals on defense.

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The Foreign Affairs and National DefenseDivision developed a three-part strategy to man-age congressional inquiries on defense issues:1) Seminars were used to brief over 160 Houseand Senate staff on key issues in the House andSenate versions of the fiscal 1987 defense autho-rization bill; 2) Issue Briefs were used to providepertinent facts and describe the debates overcontroversial weapons systems; 3) Analyses ofparticular aspects of the defense budget wereused to examine key issues.

Various reports were issued in response tostrong congressional interest in obtaining maxi-mum benefit from defense spending throughchanges in Department of Defense procurementpractices and procedures and changes in mili-tary benefits and manpower policies.

The Science Policy Research Division workedon several defense research issues during thepast year. An analysi of the growth of DODresearch and its impact on funds available foruniversities, industry, science, and the economywas completed for the House Committee on Sci-ence and Technology.; Analyses of the balancebetween military and civilian components of theFederal R&D budget were provided to House andSenate committees. The proposal to create a fed-eral contract research center and a StrategicDefense Initiative Institute was analyzed forSenate committees and individual Senators.

Congressional demand for information andanalyses relating to the Strategic Defense Initia-tive (SDI) was very high in fiscal 1986. Inaddition to answering more than two hundredrequests for information, Science Policy Re-search Division analysts wrote a number ofreports and conducted several briefings on SDI.In January, that division's analysts coauthoredwith the Foreign Affairs and National DefenseDivision a background report that describes theSDI program and its major policy issues. Sub-sequent writings on SDI by the Science PolicyResearch Division included an analysis, for aSenate committee, of the effect of the U.S. spacelaunch vehicle problems on the ability of the SDIto fulfill its mission on time. Additionally, thedivision prepared questions for Senate commit-tee hearings on SDI and moderated a debate on

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the feasibility of developing reliable battlemanagement systems for multitiered ballisticmissile defenses. The debate was attended byMembers and staff and videotaped for viewingon the House cable network.

Congressional interest in arms control andU.S.-Soviet relations was met by the ForeignAffairs and National Defense Division throughpolicy alerts, Issue Briefs, and reports assessingsuch important developments as the first Reagan-Gorbachev summit, the Soviet Union's 1986party congress, the Chernobyl nuclear accident,and U.S.-Soviet discord caused by the Sovietdetention of U.S. journalist Nicholas Daniloff.The widely cited CRS study of the U.S.-USSRmilitary balance was updated at congressionalrequest by a senior specialist.

Nine Issue Briefs were prepared by the For-eign Affairs and National Defense Divisiondetailing the respective U.S. and Soviet posi-tions on arms control questions such as negota-tions dealing with strategic arms, intermediatenuclear forces, mutual force reductions inEurope, chemical weapons, and other issues. Inaddition, division analysts wrote special reportson the deployment of U.S. sea-launched cruisemissiles and completed a yearlong division-wideproject for the House Foreign Affairs Commit-tee examining the fundamentals of nuclear armscontrol.,

Superfund and Toxic Waste

The dominant environmental issue before Con-gress continues to be efforts to restrict adverseeffects of the generation, movement, and dis-posal of toxic wastes and hazardous substances.

Of particular interest was the extension of theSuperfund program for the cleaning up of leak-ing and abandoned hazardous waste sites. Envir-onment and Natural Resources Division analystsassisted congressional committees and Memberson such questions as how large a federal pro-gram is needed, what standards should beapplied to cleanup, and who should pay for thecleanup. The Economics Division provided anal-yses on alternatives to finance the Superfund.


A number of papers were also prepared by theAmerican Law Division on aspects of the Super-fund reauthorization, which was enacted in thecalendar year.

Oil Price Changes and Other Energy Problems

The plunge in world oil prices led Congress toreview many basic energy policy positions takenwhen oil supply was short and prices wereassumed to be on a continuing upward course.The Environment and Natural Resources Divi-sion took part in this reassessment with studiesand workshops, briefings and analyses, rangingin subject from the implications of increaseddependence on imported oil to the need for theSeabrook nuclear power plant in New Hamp-shire in light of lower oil prices. A series ofworkshops on the price of oil and its implica-tions for domestic U.S. energy, as well as ses-sions on the Middle East and the Soviet Union,were organized by a senior specialist.

Changes in the financial health of the domes-tic oil industry and proposed oil importationtaxes to reduce the budget deficit while en-couraging domestic oil exploration were exam-ined in an Issue Brief by the Ecommics Division.Several studies were also prepared by the Eco-nomics Division addressing the constructioncobi of nuclear electric power plants and the con-comitant issues of utility industry financialhealth and rising utility rates.

Space Shuttle Accident

The explosion of the space shuttle Challengerand subsequent investigation raised many ques-tions about the U.S. space program. Congres-sional interest has centered on why the accidentoccurred, whether or not to replace the orbiter,and how to fund it. There was also concernabout U.S. dependence on a single launch vehi-cle, prompting congressional approval of AirForce procurement of expendable launch vehi-cles. The Science Policy Research Divisionproduced an Issue Brief on the accident within

forty-eight hours of the event. The Issue Briefwas used by the Senate Committee on Com-merce, Science, and Transportation for hearingson the accident. There were a large number r..;other requests, including one for information onprevious launch delays which the House EnergyCommittee released to the New York Times andone for an analysis of past launch demand whicha Senate committee used in its consideration ofthe need for a replacement shuttle orbiter. TheScience Policy staff also prepared an Issue Briefon launcher options and a report on the effectsof the accident on the SDI timeline for a Senatecommittee.

Nuclear Safety and Waste Disposal

Following the disaster at the Soviet Chernobylplant, several CRS analysts in two divisionshelped meet heavy congressional demand forinformation about the extent of the accident, itshealth effects, and its broader impacts in theU.S., the Soviet Union, and elsewhere. Duringthe first week, Science Policy Research Divi-sion analysts answered numerous informationrequests on the accident, prepared a fact sheet,and briefed congressiona; staff and Members..Science Policy analysts also coauthored, with asenior specialist, a general Issue Brief or Cher-nobyl within a week of the accident. In addition,Science Policy staff wrote a separate Issue Briefon Chernobyl's implications for U.S. reactorsand, jointly with the Environment and NaturalResources Division, authored an Issue Brief onhealth and agricultural effects.

The Chernobyl disaster led to intense demandson the Environment and Natural Resources Divi-sion's nuclear experts for information, analysis,interpretation, and determination 'f the impli-cations for U.S. nuclear power. Co' PCS showedincreased interest in nuclear pov, ,,cant safetyfor the rest of the session, durine, which theEnvironment and Science Policy Research divi-sions responded to congressional requests andassisted with numerous congressional hearingsabout Chernobyl and its consequences. As partof its Federal Law Update series, the American

6747


Law Division conducted a seminar on legalissues associated with the interstate compact inlow-level radioactive waste disposal.

Immigration

Late in the 99th Congress, after five years ofefforts, the House and Senate reached agreementon the Immigration Reform and Control Act amajor overhaul of the nation's immigration lawthat was enacted as P.L. 99-603 shortly after theclose of the fiscal year, on November 6, 1986.The measure establishes penalties for employerswho knowingly hire undocumented aliens andprovides for legalization of some undocumentedaliens. Over the several years of developmentof this legislation, Education and Public WelfareDivision analysts and American Law Divisionattorneys provided extensive assistance to theHouse and Senate judiciary immigration sub-committees and other congressional participants.

Retirement: The New Federal System and OtherIssues

On June 6. 1986. the President signed PublicLaw 99-335, which establishes a new retirementsystem for federal workers covered by the SocialSecurity system (chiefly those hired after 1983).,Enactment of the law climaxed more than threeyears oc work by the Education and Public Wel-fare Division project team. which had first (inDecember 1984) produced a major study of theoptions for designing a new system.

In fiscal 1986. the team, which sometimesnumbered as many as seventeen analysts fromthe division. in addition to contractors, used themethods and models it had earlier developedunder the leadership of a senior specialist to help!louse and Senate committees analyze congres-sional options. The team provided Congresswith a commor language, structure, and data forissues that needed resolution. After committeestaffs decided their specifications for elementsof a new retirement plan, they relied on the divi-sion to develop ways to analyze thenr and to

48

present their distribution of benefits, long-termcosts, and the issues they raised. In the Houseas well as the Senate, both sides of the aisle useddivision data and analytical methodology tomake tradeoffs and reach compromises, andthe team leader helped conferees in their finalnegotiations.

Health Care Financing

Education and Public Welfare Division analystsalso focused systematic efforts on programs andissues related to financing of health care forAmerica's elderly and poor. Most of their workconcerned Medicare, which pays medical andhospital bills for the elderly and disabled andin fiscal 1986 accounted for almost 7 percr -it oftotal federal government outlays.

Congress requested CRS help in finding waysto restrain Medicare costs, improve payment sys-tems for hospitals and physicians, and ensurethe quality of patient care. Division analystshelped design options to include capital costsin Medicare's new "prospective payment sys-tem," which sets hospital payments in advance.They also studied the impact of the prospectivepayment system upon hospitals in rural areas,those with above-average costs, and thoseproviding significant amounts of uncompen-sated care to poor and elderly patients. Aralystsalso examined methods of paying for cataractsurgery under Medicare, proposals to improvequality of care in Medicare nursing homes, andways to increase access to medical care.

Gun Control

As the result of a successful discharge petition,an amended version of the McClure-Volkmeramendments to the Gun Control Act was passedby the House, accepted by the Senate, and en-acted into law. Close assistance was provided bythe Government Division during ma-kup andfloor consideration. Assistance was also pre-via:ad in connection with the so-called "son ofgun amendments to the amendments (S.2414).

68


enacted in June. The Government Divisionprepared a paper summarizing the McClure-Volkmer bill, later revised to reflect the amend-ments, and an analysis for the CRS Review.

In addition, after wrestling with the "armor-piercing" ammunition issue for a number ofyears, Congress completed work on a bill to banthe further manufacture and importation of suchbullets. Government Division analyses of thevarious proposals were used by House andSenate committee members and staff during con-sideration of the legislation:

Higher Education Act

Reauthorization of major higher education studentassistance programs commanded much attentionfrom the Education and Public Welfare Divisionand associated senior specialists. Both the major-ity and minority of the relevant committeesasked CRS for technical assistance, especiallyregarding federal student aid programs.

A computer model developed by the divisionenabled CRS to provide prompt answers to com-mittee questions about how proposed changesin the method of analyzing "need" would affectPell grants, the largest federal student financialaid grant program. The division also gave tech-nical assistance to the committees on such issuesas the development of income-contingent loansand institutional aid for historically black col-leges and universities. Analysts conducted aseries of preparatory staff briefings on each titleof the act and coordinated a CRS seminar onneed analysis which attracted almost two hun-dred congressional staff:

Impeachment and Judicial Nominations

It had been over fifty years since a federal offi-cial had been impeached and convicted andseventeen years since a Chief Justice of theUnited States had been nominated and con-firmed, Both events occurred in the past year,and American Law Division attorneys wereheavily involved in both processes.

Voluminous briefing books were prepared foruse by Senate Judiciary Committee membersduring the confirmation hearings on ChiefJustice-designate Rehnquist and Justice-nomineeScalia. Assistance was provided on formulatingquestions to be asked of the nominees at theirconfirmation hearings. Senior specialist attor-neys played a special role in preparing Congressfor judicial nomination hearings.

The impeachment and trial of Judge HarryClaiborne pccasioned close American Law Divi-sion support of both House and Senate commit-tees, including the specially created ImpeachmentTrial Committee. Division attorneys were askedto analyze novel questions of procedure, rulesof evidence, and the constitutional implicationsof the impeachment process, often on a rushbasis. The Government Division provided histor-ical documentation on earlier impeachment pro-ceedings, including rules of procedure used inpast cases.

Library Services Division provided a clippingservice on the Judge Claiborne impeachmentwhich presented press commentary from threeNevada newspapers, major newspapers nation-wide, and magazine sources. Including clip-pings dating from 1982 onward, some twothousand pages were distributed in multiplecopies as part of this service.

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49

Processing Services

Processing Services weathered changes bothphysical and fiscal during the year while alsoplanning to improve operations, commu-nication, and the work environment. Threedivisions the Cataloging Distribution Service,MARC Editorial Division, and Catalog Manage-ment and Publication Division were moved totemporary space as part of the Library's majorrenovation and restoration of the Jefferson andAdams buildings.

The department began the year by combiningstrategic and operational planning into a morecomprehensive planning process. Each divisionformulated basic goals and objectives for on-going activities. In addition, strategic goals andobjectives continued from the previous year.Some objectives were implemented, some cur-rent objectives were modified, and new objec-tives were added. While this planning was inprogress, the Gramm-Rudman-Hollings 1,3gislation raised the possibility of serious fiscalchallenges in the coming year. The planningprocess adapted readily into contingency plan-ning and the department concentrated on worst-case scenarios and cost/benefit analyses. As theyear drew to a close: the outcome seemedbrighter and the worst-case plans were happilyshelved. The planning process then changedfocus again as the divisions began to discusshow to plan more efficiently with increased staffparticipation.

To implement the department's mission ofacquiring, organizing, and facilitating access tolibrary materials and services for Congress, theLibrary of Congress, and the national and inter-national information community, goals for thenext two years were drawn up:

1) To review, develop, and improve thedepartment's products and services.

2) To have installed an improved automatedsystem configuration to satisfy the current andfuture requirements of Processing Services,

50

4

3) To improve the organizational effectivenessand efficiency of the department.

4) To improve the work environment in orderto significantly increase the degree to which staffmembers at all levels can grow, find more satis-faction in their work, and contribute more effec-tively to the department's mission.

5) To improve communication, coordination,and cooperation with other LC departmentsregarding Processing Services activities.

In Felsruary Susan H. Vita was appointed chiefof the ,VI ARC Editorial Division, transferringfrom the Cataloging in Publication Division, andDonald F. Jay was hired as the field director ofthe Cairo field office (before being sent to Egyptin June, he served an orientation period in theOverseas Operations Division): Patricia S. Hinestransferred in April from the Catalog Manage-ment and Publication Division to become assis-tant chief in the Special Materials CatalogingDivision. At the end of May, Rodney G. Sarleretired as chief of the Overseas Operations Divi-sion after twenty-eight years of service in theLibrary, over twenty-two of them with the Over-seas Operations Division. Mr. Earle had alsoserved as director in tint Cairo, Karachi, NewDelhi, and Rio de Janeiro field offices. In June.E. Christian Filstrup returned from temporaryduty as acting field director in Cairo andassumed the duties of acting chief in the Over-seas Operations Division. Judy C. McDermottwas promoted to chief of the Cataloging in Publi-cation Division in July. Susan M. Tarr, thedepartment's executive officer, was appointedacting chief of the Cataloging Distribution Service. In August,, Cynthia J. Johanson becameassistant chief in the MARC Editorial Division.

The Technical Processing and Automation In-struction Office (TPAIO) was inaugurated inOctober 1985 with the appointment of Judith P.Cannan as chief. TPAIO was formed to meetProcessing Services' need for an ongoing pro-

70

Processing Services

gram of in-service training in technical process-ing and automated technical processing systems.Among the subjects taught in the first yea wereone-on-one instruction and communicationskills, searching in LC's bibliographic files, useof the electronic mail system, and proofreadingfor cataloging staff. In addition, a Series Author-ity Institute was held for six librarians fromName Authority Cooperative participatinglibraries.

In the Acquisitions and Overseas OperationsDirectorate, adjustments were made in the quan-tity and kinds of materials purchased in responseto the decline of the dollar's purchasing poweroverseas and anticipated cuts in appropriations.Each division in the directorate contributed tothe design of an automated online acquisitionssystem being developed by a joint project teamfrom the Automation Planning and LiaisonOffice and the Automated Systems Office.

The Cataloging Directorate implemented newonline systems for visual materials and subjectauthority control, planned cooperative programswith research libraries to enhance the nationalbibliographic file, and achieved increases incataloging productivity for nearly every type ofmaterial processed in the department.

In the Bibliographic Products and ServicesDirectorate, the Library's participation in theCONSER program for the past ten years was cele-brated end evaluated: With the CONSER Partic-pants and Advisory Group, the Library enteredinto a planning process for future directions andmembership, Processing Services is workingwith the Association of Research Libraries on aproject to convert the master file of the NationalR.igister of Microform Masters to machine-readable form. The Automation Planning andLiaison Office is developing (together withProcessing Services divisions and the Auto-mated Systems Office) several new systemswhich include an online Library-wide SerialsManagement System, the capability to receiveNational Union Catalog reports in machine-readable form, a new version of the AutomatedProcess Information File, and changes in the wayrecords are retrieved in t).e online files. TheCataloging Distribution Service has expanded its

marketing research functions and is changingmany of the ways products and services areproduced and sold. Among the new productsbeing distributed are foreign MARC data con-verted to the UNIMARC format, the tenth edi-tion of Library of Congress Subject Headings, theVisual Materials Distribution Service, andmachine-readable subject authority records.

CATALOGING

Descriptive Cataloging

The Cataloging Directorate implemented newonline systems for the preparation of biblio-graphic records materials traditionally catalogedin Processing Services, adopted or planned toadopt new minimal-level awl accession-levelbibliographic records for music and soundrecordings, participated in studies and plans tocooperate with U.S. research libraries in thepreparation of bibliographic records for a na-tional database, and cataloged as usual, withnotable gains in productivity for nearly all typesof materials.

In March 1986, the chief of the Office forDescriptive Cataloging Policy attended the JointSteering Committee (JSC) for Revision of theAnglo-American Cataloguing Rules in Toronto,The JSC considered a rewriting of the chapteron machine-readable data files to broaden thescope; among the decisions made was the namechange of the general material designation from"machine-readable data file" to "computer file."The JSC also approved an Australian proposalto change the rule for authors who use multiplenames and at least one pseudonym, an Ameri-can Library Association proposal to reorganizerules for music uniform titles, and three Libraryof Congress proposals (on initial articles in cor-porate names, addition of fuller form of namein personal name headings, and replacementufseveral rules with formerly optional provisions).

The Office for Descriptive Cataloging Policyprovided training sessions to the Prints andPhotographs Di vision Motion Picture, Broad-casting, and Recorded Sound Division, vid

71

51


Manuscript Division and to the staff in theManuscripts Section, Special Materials Catalog-ing Division, when those staffs began to createname authority records for special materials andmanuscript collections. Training sessions werecoordinated between the Office for DescriptiveCataloging Policy, the Name Authority Cooper-alive (NACO), and the Technical Processing andAutomation Instruction Office to teach selectedNACO participants how to create series authorityrecords.

The Office for Descriptive Cataloging Policyhas also worked on the final "haratzmization" forthe four International Standard BibliographicDescription (ISBD) documents that are beingrevised by the International Federation of LibraryAssociations and Institutions: Monographs,Serials, Non-book Materials, and CartographicMaterials. The chief has also contributed to thefirst draft of a new ISBD document on computerfiles.

Two cataloging aids are being developed withhelp from the Office for Descriptive CatalogingPolicy:, a set of guidelines describing LC'sromanization of Hebrew and a set of rules for thedescription of loose-leaf publications.

Productivity in the Processing Services cata-loging divisions generally improved during thisfiscal year. Music catalogers' productivity rose16 percent, rare book catalogers remained steadycompared to the previous year, Descriptive Cata-loging Division staff productivity rose 14 per-cent, and Shared Cataloging Division staffproductivity rose nearly 9 percent.

The rise in productivity is impressive in lightof the changes expected of the catalogers dur-ing the fiscal year. Music catalogers settled intoonline cataloging production and nearlyreturned to productivity levels achieved in thelast full year before the adoption of the MusicOnline System. The Special Materials Catalog-ing Division's automated operations coordinatorworked closely with the Music Section todevelop a type of minimal-level catalogingrecords called "accession-level," which will pro-vide temporary bibliographic control for anarrearage of sound recordings. The accession-level records will eventually be replaced by more

52

complete cataloging. The coordinator and sec-tion are also developing guidelines for fullermini Jai-level cataloging records which can beapplied to music and sound recordings andwhich can be distributed together with Musicfull-level records.

In November 1985 the Visual Materials OnlineSystem was implemented, a product of severalyears' efforts by the Special Materials Catalog-ing Division, the Automation Planning and Liai-son Office, the Automated Systems Office, andthe Cataloging Distribution Service. Concurrentwith the implementation of Visual Materials wasthe mounting of a MARC file of 74,000 audio-visual records which were previously not onlinein LC; the old records have been transferred tothe new Visual Materials online file. Initially thecatalogers in the Audiovisual Section inputretrospective records from cataloging worksheetscompleted before implementation of the onlinefile and made corrections to records in the oldfilms file. These projects held up production ofcurrent materials but provided good training inthe use of the new system. Cooperation withcataloging sections in Research Services was anadded benefit to the adoption of the new onlinefile. Units in the Prints and Photographs andMotion Picture, Broadcasting, and RecordedSound divisions met with and received trainingfrom Processing Services staff.

The Manuscripts Section began the fiscal yearby editing the index volume for the 1980-84cumulation of the National Union Catalog ofManuscript Collections ( NUCMC)., This indexvolume and the 1984 annual volume of descrip-tive entries were published in April. Over six-teen hundred manuscript collections weredescribed for the 1985 NUCMC volume. Thiswas the year to begin planning for the automa-tion of NUCMC., A large-scale market researcheffort was coordinated by Special Materials Cata-loging Division and the Cataloging DistributionService and performed by King Research, Inc.,to answer questions about the :.-,untent of an auto-mated NUCMC and what types of productsshould be developed and marketed. In an effortto prepare for the automation of NUCMC, theManuscripts Section received training and began

72

Processing Services

to prepare name authority records according toprocedures and guidelines in place for the otherProcessing Services cataloging units. Harmoni-zation of the section's subject heading practiceswith those of the Subject Cataloging Divisionalso took place.

Rare book catalogers reduced current arrear-ages of pre- and post-1800 titles to about ahundred titles. Descriptions of rare manuscriptsin the fields of canon law and theology werebegun for the second of three volumes plannedto detail the Library's holdings of medieval andRenaissance western-language manuscripts. Thedivision's automated operations coordinatorworked with the rare book catalogers and theRare Book and Special Collections Division todevelop guidelines for the creation of minimal-level cataloging records to provide bibliographiccontrol for a 30,000-item Bound PamphletCollection (some of which are already under bib-liographic control in either the MARC orPREMARC files), Work began in December 1985,and by the end of the fiscal year 221 volumescontaining 2,100 pi.-nphlets had been processed.Minimal-level cataloging records were createdfor 801 pamphlets, 63 percent of which werefound in the PREMARC file.

The Shared Cataloging Division celebrated itstwentieth anniversary with a reception in July.;Native costumes provided a visual treat at thereception while those present celebrated thecreation of over 1,950,000 monographic recordsduring the life of the division. Created to imple-ment the cataloging responsibilities of the Na-tional Program for Acquisitions and Cataloging,the division shares an honorable history ofproviding widespread access to bibliographicrecords for western-language titles identified asmajor research materials by leading NorthAmerican research libraries.

The Shared Cataloging Division extended itscoverage of minimal-level cataloging in theFrench and Scandinavian sections. Catalogers inthe French Section, together with the Music Sec-tion in the Special Materials Cataloging Divi-sion, began an experiment in the online creationof name authority . ecords.

7 3

Several studies of cataloging created by otherinstitutions were undertaken by Shared Catalog-ing Division staff. One study was begun to assessthe usefulness to LC of cataloging copy foundin the OCLC and Research Libraries InformationNetwork (RUN) files. Twelve hundred titles rep-resenting items in process in the Shared Catalog-ing Division were searched on the two utilities.Records found on either system will be com-pared with completed LC cataloging to deter-mine which elements could have been used withno or minor changes. Another study looked atcompleted LC cataloging for 300 titles publishedin the United Kingdom; these are being com-pared with corresponding UKMARC recordsfound on OCLC to see if the UKMARC recordcould be used for the creation of LC records, TheUKMARC study is part of a larger investigationinto the utility to LC of yr -ious foreign MARCdatabases, especially in the _seas of acquisitionsand cataloging.

The division also cataloged 2,600 minimal-level titles on contract with the National Libraryof Medicine (NLM), while the Descriptive Cata-loging Division provided 1,200 full-level Englishrecords, 500 Spanish and Portuguese minimal-level records, and 700 Chinese minimal-levelrecords to NLM on contract, The specialized lan-guage expertise of the Library's staff is frequentlycalled upon by other federal agencies and byCongress.

The Descriptive Cataloging Division experienced an overall decline in number of titlescataloged and name authority records created,due to staff reductions. Hcvvever, catalogerproductivity rose from 1.05 new titles catalogedper hour in fiscal 1085 to 1.18 in fiscal 1986,Two catalogers worked on a special project toprovide bibliographic control for 280 Philippinetitles, and a special project was undertaken toprovide either full or minimal-level catalogingto selected materials in the Malagasy, Rwanda,Rundi, and Somali languages. Two contractswith firms that have prepared minimal-levelcataloging records for approximately 7,000Spanish and Portuguese titles were concludedthis year. In the future, these materials will beprocessed by LC cataloging staff:

53


The Preliminary Cataloging Section staff im-proved their productivity of titles cataloged perhour from 2.27 in fiscal 1985 to 2.47 in fiscal1986. The section modified its procedures tomake more extensive use of the PREMARC data-base. The PREMARC file is now routinelysearched for all items published during the yearsof PREMARC coverage.

The chief of the Descriptive Cataloging Divi-sion chaired a Subcommittee on Revised Work-flows, part of a larger evaluation called for bythe Assistant Librarian for Processing Servicesto evaluate the movement of materials throughthe processing stream and steps in the catalog-ing process.

Descriptive Cataloging Division staff aidedmany other divisions through special detailsduring the year. Among the offices enhanced bytemporary details were Cataloging in Publica-tion, Serial Record, Overseas Operations, Ex-change and Gift, Special Materials Cataloging,Order, Automation Planning and Liaison, andDescriptive Cataloging Policy. A special pro -cram was implemented during the year whichallowed nine descriptive catalogers to acceptextended details to the Subject Cataloging Divi-sion; the program helps to achieve a betterbalance of resources between the two divisions.

Cooperative Cataloging

The Name Authority Cooperative (NACO) con-centrated its efforts to expand cooperative nameauthority and bibliographic projects into newareas. There are currently forty-one libraries con-tributing records to LC. While one participantwas forced to resign its NACO membershipbecause of financial constraints, five new insti-tutions joined:, Ohio State University, Universityof Maryland, University of Pittsburgh, Univer-sity of California/San Diego, and the Center forResearch Libraries. Three NACO participatinglibraries (Indiana, Yale, and University of Michi-gan) expanded their submissions to includeheadings in Japanese,. Chinese, and Korean. Bythe end of the fiscal year. NACU libraries had

54

contributed over 208,000 name authority recordsto LC's file (over 43,000 records were submittedin fiscal 1986).

In addition to name authority records, NACOparticipants submit series authority records andbibliographic records. Fiscal 1986 was the firstyear for the submission of series authorityrecords. In the summer six libraries volunteeredto contribute records, and by fall the six hadreceived training in the establishment of seriesauthority records. In the area of bibliographicrecord contribution, Harvard continued to con-tribute high-quality original cataloging: TheUniversity of Chicago expanded its program toinclude original cataloging of rare books. TheGovernment Printing Office records for federaldocuments serve as the basis for LC's catalogingof these documents. The National Library ofMedicine provided cataloging for biomedicaltitles contributed through the Cataloging in Pub-lication program.

The Special Materials Cataloging Division par-ticipates in NACO activities in conjunction withan independent contractor who funnels nameauthority records for music materials forthe Retrospective Music (REMUS) Project. TheShared Cataloging Division contributed to theplanning of a cooperative cataloging project withthe University of Illinois Slavic and East Euro-pean Library, which has agreed to contributebibliographic records for monographs publishedfrom 1986 forward by seven Soviet publishers:

The cooperative cataloging project with theResearch Libraries Information Network for thebibliographic control of Chinese, Japanese, andKorean materials continues to prosper. Slightlymore than 50 percent of the CJK records in RLINare created at LC. In fiscal 1986, LC created20.505 original Chinese, Japanese, and Koreanrecords in RLIN (nearly 53 percent of the origi-nal records submitted from all the CJK par-ticipants),

The Library of Cpngress has a long history ofsuccessful cooperative cataloging projects, rang-ing from the National Union Catalog to theLinked Systems Project, from card distributionservices to the distribution of UKMARC tapes.These projects are all undertaken as part of the

74

Processing Services

Library's mission to share the cataloging createdat LC to spare other libraries the expense ofduplicating that intellectual work. A new coop-erative endeavor, the National Coordinated Cata-loging Program (NCCP), is under developmentby Processing Services, members of the ResearchLibrary Advisory Committee to OCLC, Inc., andmembers of the Research Libraries Group. Aninitial pilot project will involve eight libraries(already NACO participants) which will contrib-ute fu'l-level bibliographic records to the LCdatabase. These records will subsequently bedistributed through the Linked Systems Projectand the MARC Distribution Service.

The Library of Congress role in NCCP is to trainstaff from the participating libraries, supply theparticipants with necessary documentation, andmonitor the quality of the contributed records.The objectives of NCCP have been established asmeeting the national need to "increase the time-liness of cataloging copy, extend catalogingcoverage, reduce duplication of effort, andproduce cataloging of 'national-level quality:"

Subject Cataloging

The major new publications arising from devel-opmental work in the Subject Cataloging Divi-sion this year were the tenth edition of Libraryof Congress Subject Headings, the first editionof KIV-KIW, Law of France, and a new editionof the Subject Cataloging Manual. Developmentof "Law of Europe" was completed with the deci-sion that Roman law should be included in KJAas part of European law. Additional work in thelaw schedules -cluded refinements in commonlaw tables and the arrangement of countries for!aw schedules for Asia and Africa (incorporat-ing opinions from the LC Law ClassificationAdvisory Committee).

During the year several policy changesaffected the structure of subject headings. Thefree-floating subdivisions "Addresses, essays,lectures" and "Yearbooks" were discontinued."Yearbooks" is replaced by "Periodicals."

Although the division's arrearages greN byover 8,000 pieces (or 12 percent) this year. the

75

cataloging of new book titles rose over6 percent.Over 3,700 new classification numbers werecreated and slightly over 200 numbers werechanged. The number of titles which were shelf-listed rose over 7 percent (from 166,522 in fis-cal 1985 to 178,585 in the current year),

The Shelflisting Section also nearly completeuwork on a new shelflisting manual which will beissued as part G of the Subject Cataloging Manual.

The Decimal Classification Division suffereda slight decline in titles assigned Dewey classifi-cation numbers (a 7 percent drop from the previ-ous year). However, the division staff was activeduring the year with editorial work. DeweyDecimal Classification for School Libraries: Brit-ish and International Edition was published byForest Press with the cooperation of the SchoolLibrary Association. The chief played a majorrole in its indexing and editing.

Edition 20 of Dewey Decimal Classificationoccupied the editor, three assistant editors, andseveral classifiers in the fields of computer science,bibliography, library science, museology, journal-ism, publishing, Christian denominations andsects, sociology, statistics, political science, eco-nomics, communication, commerce, transporta-tion. customs and folklore, language andlanguages, mathematics, astronomy, physics, pale-ontolGgy, music, the performing arts, and sports.

In January 1986 a meeting was held in Dub-lin, Ohio, to discuss the results of a joint studyto determine if the Dewey Decimal Classificationis a useful means of access to bibliographicrecords in a large database. The study was jointlyconducted by OCLC, Inc., Forest Press, and theCouncil on Library Resources. The study, whichshows that Dewey is a powerful tool to gathertogether works in a particular field of study, waspublished by OCLC under the title DeweyDecimal Classification Online Project.

Machine-Readable Cataloging

As the cataloging divisions move toward an on-line cataloging environment, the role of theMARC Editorial Division is undergoing some

55


changes of focus. The traditional duties of con-verting monograph and authority records tomachine-readable form showed a slight increasethis year as 165,352 monograph records and217,736 authority records were converted. Divi-sion staff took or_ more of the conversion work asreliance on contractors decreased slightly; MARCEd staff verified 75 percent of the authority recordsconverted and 77 percent of the books records.

As the fiscal year ended, two major contractswere completed, A special project, called theSeries Flip, matched 6,886 series authorityrecords with 57,341 bibliographic records tochange the series information to correct AACR 2form. A second bibliographic project, called BibFlip II, updated 38,4E7 bibliographic records tomatch AACR 2 forms of name authority headings.

The division took a careful look at proceduresfor ensuring quality in the database and insti-tuted several changes. Staff from MARC Ed werecalled upon to train catalogers participating inonline cataloging experiments and in the crea-tion of minimal-level cataloging, series authori-ties, and name authorities. Two new manualswere prepared to aid in the training activities:the NACO/LSP Generic Manual and the MARCConversion Manual: Authorities (Series).,

MARC Editorial Division's participation inmaintaining the PREMARC file (a machine-readable file based on the Library's Shelflist andvarious non-MARC files) is expanding. Divisionstaff serve on the Library's PREMARC AdvisoryGroup and the PREMARC Users Group. Dupli-cate records, correr s to the PREMARCrecords, upgrading re.. ads to fuller entries, con-version of records that were omitted from the file,,linking PREMARC records to preservationactivities these are all being studied to deter-mine procedures for MARC Ed staff involvement,

ACQUISITIONS AND OVERSEASOPERATIONS

Purchases

Congressional actions aimed at reducing thedeficit led to fluctuations in the appropriations

56

for the purchase of books. The fiscal year beganwith a GENPAC appropriation of $4,576,000 andended with $4,053,000 and the expectation thatfiscal 1987's appropriation will be $3,980,500.The uecline in took funds, as well as the declinein the purchasing power of the dollar overseas,led the Order Division to reduce purchases ofnonbook and noncurrent materials.

The Blanket Order Section coordinated withblanket order dealers during the year to react tothe changes in the appropriations. Some cut-backs by the dealers were instituted for specificperiods during the year. By year's end, the sec-tion had revised blanket order specifications forthe next fiscal year's collecting activities. Thespecifications will affect the purchased acquisi-tions of dictionaries, belles lettres, art exhibitioncatalogs, guidebooks, telephone directories, med-icine, agriculture, published dissertations, gov-ernment publications, and society publications.

The Blanket Order Section staff concentratedon improving receipts, particularly from ThirdWorld countries. New blanket order arrange-ments were made for West Africa and Algeria.New or revised blanket orders are under prepa-ration for North Africa, Ghana, Lesotho, Liberia,and Sierra Leone. Refinements to blanket ordersare under discussion for China, the Philipp.nes,and Cyprus. The Order Division will begin toreceive publications from Afghanistan throughthe acquisitions work of an American Embassyemployee. Ineffective blanket orders were can-celed in Cyprus and Turkey.

The Library's field office in Tokyo was closedin December 1985 after many years of providingpublications from Japan under a bibliographicservices agreement: The acquisitions of Japanesematerials will continue as a blanket orderarrangement with the Japan Publications Trad-ing Company. Bibliographic services agreementsin Ireland and Sierra Leone were canceled.

The Order Di% ision coordinated with the Col-lections Development Office to reduce expendi-tures for serial publications. More than 2,000serial subscriptions were canceled. Staff is evalu-ating arrangements with various serials dealersto recommend further economies. The numberof new titles ordered was reduced 50 percent

76

Processing Services

(from 4,751 titles in fiscal 1985 to 2,375 in fiscal1986). The division is maintaining a carefulreview of the European phenomenon of chargingU.S. subscribers higher prices. The differentialpricing has now spread from the United Kingdomto West Germany. The division is coordinatingthis study with the American Library Associationand North American research libraries.

The Order Division reduced the purchase ofnonprint materials, especially microforms,prints and photographic materials, and maps.However, the division acquired several largecollections, including the complete historicalcollection of Moody's business manuals, a col-lection of Egyptian television programs, sixty-eight episodes of the British television series"Upstairs-Downstairs," and a collection of overfifteen hundred jazz discs acquired from anArgentinian collector.

The Order Division contributed to the devel-opment of a new acquisitions system underdevelopment by a project team in the Auto-mation Planning and Liaison Office and theAutomated Systems Office, as did staff in the Ex-change and Gift Division, the Cataloging in Pub-lication Division, and the Overseas OperationsDivision.

Exchanges

The Exchange and Gift Division defines its mis-sion as the acquisition of "information sourcesby nonpurchase means for use by the Library ofCongress." While funds for the purchase ofmaterials declined, further emphasis was placedon the acquisition of materials from nonpurchasesources. International exchanges profited fromincreased attention in this year as 182 newexchanges were initiated, The 15,065 interna-tional exchange partners contributed 497,639pieces in fiscal 1986 for an increase in receiptsof just over 5 percent.

East Asian exchange receipts grew this year,particularly those from Korea. A special project,involving staff from the Asian Division, the Col-lections Development Office, and tne Exchangeand Gift Division, was undertaken to improve

'7'7

the acquisition of South Korean serials. Inter-library cooperation also led to increases inexchange receipts from Laos, the Philippines,Israel, Gambia, Ghana, and South Africa.

European exchange receipts rose 18 percentthis year, returning to the level reported in 1984.The European sources are generally responsiveand productive. The Hispanic Acquisitions Sec-tion had remarkable success this year in the areasof its coverage. New exchanges were initiatedin Anguilla, Bermuda, the British Virgin Islands,Jamaica, St. Lucia, St. Vincent, and Trinidad/Tobago. The flourishing exchange with Haitiwas a casualty of the fall of the Duvalier adminis-tration. LC's special exchange with Chile con-tinues satisfactorily; the national library in Chileprovides Chilean commercial publications in ex-change for LC MARC tapes. A second blanketorder dealer was contracted in Argentina to fillgaps in the coverage of the first, and a localrepresentative was hired to contact potentialArgentinian exchange partners. A former staffmember was contracted to pursue exchanges innorthern Mexico; several exchanges were reac-tivated and others were strengthened. Exchangeswere solidified for Belize, Guatemala, andPanama as the result of the acquisitions trip com-pleted by the assistant chief of the Hispanic Di-vision in July and August.

C'fts

The Gift Section's files of gifts made to the Li-brary before 1956 have been preserved throughmicrofilming; the deteriorating paper of thedeeds of gift had threatened to destroy valuablelegal information.

The Gift Section coordinated the acquisitionof some important gifts this year, including per-sonal papers of William Safire, Caspar Wein-berger, Daniel Patrick Moynihan, W. AverellHarriman, and Joseph W. Alsop, organizationalpapers of the National Urban League and theLeague of Women Voters, a collection of photo-graphs by Joseph T. Keiley, music manuscriptsof Richard Rodgers and Otto Klemperer,NBCTV kinescopes, classic motion pictures

57


from MGM/United Artists, and a collection ofRudyard Kipling material from Mrs. H. Duns-combe Colt.

Documents

Receipts of publications from the GovernmentPrinting Office declined by approximately 4 per-cent this year, and receipts of federal publica-tions acquired directly from U.S. governmentagencies were down by 11 percent. This reduc-tion in federal publications seems to be a directresult of government cost-cutting activities. Thenumber of copies of congressional publicationsprovided to the Exchange and Gift Division alsodeclined this year.

The Documents Expediting Project grew by 3members to a total of 129 university, public, andspecial libraries and other institutions. Theproject staff sent 2,553 titles to member librarieson the regular automatic distribution of currentfederal publications, for a total of 30,279 piecesdistributed this year. The project also fills spe-cial requests for publications and distributes theCIA reference aids series to 263 subscribers.

State agencies sent 122,486 items to the StateDocuments Section this year. Twenty-two stateshave designated the Library of Congress as a fullrepository for their state publications and four-teen send partial sets of their publications. TheMonthly Checklist of State Publications wasissued in twelve parts and averaged 2,235 entriesper issue.

Special Foreign Acquisitions

The six field offices of the Overseas OperationsDivision acquire publications from fifty-threecountries, use the services of eighty-three com-mercial dealers and nineteen contract represen-tatives, and sustain exchanges with over fivethousand institutions. In fiscal 1986 staff fromthe field offices made thirty-six acquisitionstrips, covering about half of the countries forwhich the offices are responsible. The fieldoffices acquired 774,000 pieces, of which 31 per-

58

cent were for the collections of the Library ofCongress and the remainder for research librariesparticipating in cooperative programs or forlibraries subscribing to English- or Arabic-language programs.

Pieces acquired by the field offices for theLibrary increased (even as the offices were beingmore careful about the types of materialsacquired) while pieces acquired for participantsdeclined, in part because the offices are beingmore selective, the participants' budgets aretightening, and both Karachi and New Delhiconcluded English-language publicationprograms).

The Rio de Janeiro office experimentallyexpanded its coverage to include Uruguay. Thefield director visited 90 institutions in that coun-try, acquiring 2,160 exchange receipts as com-pared to 340 in fiscal 1985.: The office madespecial efforts to collect ephemeral publicationsof popular movements in Brazil and found over500 pieces covering human rights, labor,church, health, and political concerns. Thepamphlets will be microformed and copies willbe available through the Library's Photodupli-cation Service.

The Nairobi field director traveled to Burundi,Djibouti, Ethiopia, Madagascar, Mauritius, Mo-zambique, Reunion, Rwanda, Somalia, Sudan,Tanzania, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. The Africancountries' publishing levels are relatively stable,but the lack of commercial distribution systemsdictates personal visits to ensure acquiring tiefull range of materials. Publishing in the Sudanrose dramatically after the fall of the Numeiriregime and the subsequent decline in state cen-sorship; as a result, the Library's acquisitionsfrom that country increased by 58 percent. Pub-lishing in Ethiopia is also on the rise. Receiptsfrom Zimbabwe increased with the acquisitionof new serials.

The Cairo field office was reorganized thisyear. Acquisitions trips increased the receipt ofpieces from Tunisia by 22 percent, from Algeriaby 79 percent, from Morocco by 44 percent, andfrom Syria by 292 percent. Publishing in Egyptis declining because of censorship, a scarcity ofaffordable paper, and inadequate printing facil-

73

Processing Services

ities. The field director's visit to Syria prompteda new exchange with the Syrian national library.With the assistance of the Exchange and GiftDivision, the Cairo office arranged for anexchange of one copy of every Syrian publica-tion selected by the Cairo field office, in returnfor which the Library will send science booksat the rate of one U.S. publication for threeSyrian titles. Exchange receipts from the Cairooffice rose 143 percent through a combinationof personal visits to exchange partners and a sup-ply of books to be used for exchange from theExchange and Gift Division.

Karachi increased its acquisitions of titles by13 percent while reducing its total number ofpieces by 11 percent. Coverage of Pakistani pub-lications is comprehensive and more selectiveto ensure acquiring needed research titles. TheKarachi office has begun efforts to expand cover-age of Iranian publications, and the office'srepresentative in Quetta, Pakistan, visitedTehran. These activities resulted in an increaseof receipts from Iran by 46 percent.

New Delhi'.; receipts dropped 15 percent in thepast year. Participants are being more selectivein the titles they want to receive because ofbudgetary constraints, and the office is moreselective in the titles acquired for the Library.:This was the first year that New Delhi ran theSouth Asia Cooperative Acquisitions Program,special foreign currency reserves having beennearly liquidated. Funding for the new programcame this year from unexpended rupees carriedover from the previous fiscal year and from par-ticipant payments in dollars. The rupees coveredpublications acquired from India and Bhutan,while the dollars were used to acquire publica-tions from Bangladesh, Nepal, and Sri Lankaand to cover administrative costs in New Delhi.,In March, New Delhi began training catalogersin the assignment of LC subject headings andclassification for titles on South Asian historyas part of the program to take full advantage ofthe language and subject expertise of local staff.

Jakarta increased the acquisitions of newmonograph titles by 41 percent and of totalpieces by over 8 percent. The field director madeacquisitions trips to Brunei, Malaysia, and Sin-

gapore. Representatives from seven SoutheastAsia participant libraries attended an all-daymeeting with the field director during his homeleave to the United States in May; he also visitedfour participant libraries on that hip.

Cataloging in the field offices improved inboth quantity and quality. Titles cataloged in-creased 13 percent over the previous year, andboth Cain. and Jakarta recorded notable in-creases in cataloging productivity. New Delhiadopted new responsibilities for subject catalog-ing of South Asian history titles. Microformproduction in New Delhi increased dramatically,and Jakarta sent New Delhi over 5,400 volumesto be microfiched. A bacxlog of materials to befilmed has led Overseas Operations to consideracquiring a new camera for New Delhi..

Cataloging in Publication

On July 1, the Cataloging in Publication Divi-sion celebrated its fifteenth anniversary. Sincethe program's inception, CIP data for 388,236titles have been prepared. In carrying out its mis-sion to provide CIP coverage for those titles mostlikely to be acquired by U.S. libraries, the divi-sion reached an all-time high in the exttnt of itscoverage of the U.S. publishing industry.. CIPdata were prepared for at least 80 percent of thetotal titles published in the United States, ex-cluding mass market paperbacks. This year thedivision analyzed the coverage of publicationsby subject areas compared with the categoriesof subjects repotted by the R.R. Bowker finalbook industry statistics for fiscal 1985 and deter-mined that there are no obvious gaps in CIP'ssubject coverage. The largest number of CIPtitles are in the fields of sociology and eco-nomics, followed by fiction and literature, sci-ence, medicine, religion, and history. Medicaltitles are processed cooperatively with the Na-tional Library of Medicine. NLM received 3,304CIP galleys for biomedical titles and provideddescriptive cataloging according to LC catalog-ing policy, with subject analysis and classifica-tion according to NLM policy. CIP coverage ofmedical titles appears to be at least 85 percent

7959


of the total published in the field. December1985 marked the first anniversary of this cooper-ative program with NLM.

Federal documents are provided with Super-intendent of Documents numbers by the Gove-ment Printing Office. This year the CIP Divisionforwarded 482 titles for such treatment. Federaldocuments account for slightly over 1 percentof the new CIP titles added. Juvenile titles con-stitute 8 percent of the new CIP titles prepared.CIP coverage of juvenile titles accounts for nearly90 percent of those published:

Nearly five hundred new publishers indicatedtheir intention to participate in the CIP program,bringing the estimated total of participating pub-lishers to well over two thousand. CIP titles weresubmitted between one and fourteen monthsbefore their projected publication dates, themajority two or three months in advance. Mostpublishers submitted front matter alone only9 percent of the 1itles were received as full gal-leys. Turnarounct time for processing a CIP titleremains superior. The average number of daysrequired to catalog a CIP title was 6.5, and 92percent of CIP titles were completed within tenworking days.

Production of new CIP data rose 2 percent. to37,160.. Requests for preassigned LC card num-bers declined by 600 titles (about 3 percent),reflecting an increase in publishers' participationin the program rather than a decline in interest.Carr' numbers are automatically assigned to newtitles submitted for OP data. The division han-dled 61,719 pieces, of which 87 percent werereceived directly from publishers.

In fiscal 1985, the CIP Division identifiedapproximately 7,500 titles that were more thanthree years overdue from the publishers. Thisyear 58 percent of these titles were located asrecords in RLIN, and the Descriptive CatalogingDivision undertook a special project to updateLC's bibliographic records for the titles, using theRLIN records as a source of complete informa-tion. Another 22 percent of the records werelocated in OCLC. The project ultimately reducedthe nun.ber of records needing updates by 43percent.

60

BIBLIOGRAPHIC PRODUCTS AND SERVICES

Serials

The Conversion of Serials (CONSER) Projectcelebrated its tenth anniversary this year. As partof the activities commemorating this last decade,during which over 600,000 records have beencreated in the CONSER database. the Library ofCongress commissioned a study on the future ofthe project. A report from the study was pub-lished in the Library's Network Planning Papersseries as The CONFER Project: Recommendationsfor the Future, by Jeffrey Heynen and JuliaBlixrud. The report concludes that the CONSERproject works very well and should be continued.The CONSER Participants and Advisory Groupmet several times during the year to evaluatefuture directions for the project and the members.

In May, changes necessitated by AACR 2 wereissued in the MARC Serials Guide, which waspublished as part two of the CONSER EditingGuide. The new guide was implemented bySerial Recerd Division staff in July and was dis-tributed at the first LC/ALA-sponsored SerialsCataloging Institute,

The United States Newspaper Program (USNP),funded by the National Endowment for theHumanities, expanded its ac'' ities this fiscalyear: Newspaper cataloging projects were com-pleted in the states of Hawaii. Montana, Utah,and West Virginia and by repository projects atthe New York Historicai Society, Rutgers Uni-versity, and Western Reserve Historical Society..In Montana, Pennsylvania, and West Virginiaanc' at the New York Public Library, preserva-tion microfilming is part of the USNP activity.New cataloging projects began in Mississippi,Nevada, and Texas and at NYPL.

During the life of USNP, over fifty thousandnew bibliographic records for newspapers havebeen added to the CONSER database and overtwenty thousand have been updated: The unionlist created for USNP has over eighty-five thou-sand local holdings records and profiles nearlynine hundred members, Serial Record Divisionstaff participated in two USNP workshops totrain participants for new projects this year.

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Processing Services

USNP documentation was updated to reflect thenewly published CONSER Editing Guide, andthe revised information was issued as USNP Bib-liographic Notes.

The USNP technical coordinator has becomeinvolved with the preparation of internationalnewspaper cataloging guidelines for presenta-tion to the International Federation of LibraryAssociations and Institutions' Working Group onNewspapeis.

The CONSER Abstracting and Indexing Proj-ect was extended during the past year by sup-plemental grants. This portion of the project isnow completed. The CONSER database has beenenhanced with information about where serialtitles are indexed or abstracted. Also undertakenin the project were the verification and additionof International Standard Serial Numbers, keytitles, and abbreviated key titles for each biblio-graphic record.

The cataloging staff in the Serial Record Divi-sion underwent several changes during the year.A reorganization formed three new serials cata-loging sections from the former English and For-eign Languages Serials Cataloging sections andthe Editing and Input Section. Each of thenew sections will be able to catalog LC serials,authenticate CONSER records, convert manualserial entries to MARC serials records, etc. Inspite o: the reorganization, catalogers increasedtheir productivity by 4 percent this year. Asmore of the serials catalogirg is t ane online, theSerial Record Manual was beginning to be outof date; catalogers in the English and ForeignLanguages Serials Cataloging sections helped torewrite and update portions of the manual thisyear.

The division discontinued the authenticationof pre-AACR 2 CONSER records. Beginning thisyear, if a cataloger encounters a pre-AACR 2record, it is recataloged: Several retrospectiveprojects of this kind were undertaken by theserials catalogers during the year.

Fiscal 1986 was the CONSER Minimal-LevelCataloging Section's first full year of operation.New titles selected for MLC cataloging wereprimarily foreign college catalogs. Over threethousand titles from the serials cataloging arrear-

age were processed, and the section also cata-loged a number of reproduction microforms. Aspecial microform project was undertaken tocatalog the serial titles in the microform collec-tions History of Photography, History of Women,and Moody's Manuals on Microfiche.

Serial Record Division staff participated fullywith the planning committee for the joint Libraryof Congress and American Library Associa-tion's Resources and Technical Services DivisionSerials Cataloging Regional Institutes. The firstinstitute was held in Minneapolis in May. Theworkshops cover the history of serials catalog-ing and an overview of CONSER as well as prin-ciples of serials cataloging, special types ofserials records, the revised CONSER EditingGuide, and the National Serials Data Program.

Early in fiscal 1986, a joint effort of the Na-tional Serials Data Program (NSDP), the Auto-mation Planning and Liaison Office, and theCataloging Distribution Service produced a tapeof the seventy-one thousand retrospective U.S.imprints needed for the International SerialsData System files.

NSDP and the U.S, Postal Service continuedto work together to handle the authorization ofapplications for NSDP second-class postal per-mits. The Postal Service plans to decentralize thehandling of the postal permits to regional Ratesand Classification Centers. The impact of thischange on the NSDP procedures was negotiatedwith the Postal Service so that requests can behandled without delays.

The New Serial Titles (NST) five-year cumu-lation (1981-85) was prepared for publicationthis year in six volumes. Receipts for the annualissues rose as outside libraries reported holdingsin 173,075 reports. NST staff created 11,214 newrecords and input 108,899 library symbols inCONSER records.

The Serials Location (SERLOC) file continuesto grow. Contractors have input over 80,000records to the SERLOC file from manual visiblefile records. Staff in the Processing and Refer-ence Section helped to document the file foreasier use with the SERLOC Search Guide andthe SERLOC Search Manual and conductedtraining sessions in searching for other Library

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staff. The SERLOC Input Manual is also beingupdated.

Catalog Publication

A major new automation effort involving one ofLC's book catalogs was undertaker this year inconjunction with the Association of ResearchLibraries, Planning was completed for retrospec-tive conversion to machine-readable form of theNational Register of Microform Masters (NRMM)Master File, which will begin in fiscal 1987. ARLreceived initial funding for the project from theNational Endowment for the Humanities and theAndrew W. Mellon Foundation.

NRMM was designed to report the location ofmicroform mast.'rs to help reduce the cost ofpreservation activities in libraries. Automationof the master file will help to bimiden the dis-tribution of the location information as allowfor a comprehensive cumulation of the register'sinformation. The ARIAL project ..,iiili use a con-tractor to produce standard machine-readablerecords for over 460,000 monographs or about90 percent of the NRMM file. A sepirate projectfor serials is contemplated for the future: Theconverted NRMM records will be distributed inthe MARC Distribution Service,

The automated National Union Catalog con-tinues to grow and mature. This fiscal year thestaff doubled the size of the NUC file, input105,951 bibliographic records (representingnearly 100 languages and published in 160countries), and created 65,066 name authorityrecords. Al^o included in the NUC database arerecords for microform masters, 9,845 of whichwere input this year.

While the NUC itself is automated, over threemillion card form reports from outside librariescontinue to be received from nearly 400 librariesin North America. A joint effort involving theCatalog Management and Publication Division,the Automation Planning and Liaison Office, theCataloging Distribution Service, and the Auto-mated Systems Office neared completion by theend of the fiscal year. Starting next year, NUCreports from bibliographic utilities and libraries

62

can be submitted and processed in nihrline-readable form on tape. The Research Lit ..triesGroup was the first organization to submit NUCreports on tape regularly. NUC reports on tape%aye also been received from the WesternLibrary Network and the University of Chicago.

::UC: Books was issued in twelve monthlyissues containing 398,339 bibliographic recordsin 202 register fiche and 1,847 index fiche, Theeleven monthly issues of NUC: U. S. Books con-tained 170,738 records for books published inthe United States. NUC: Audiovisual Materielsis normally a quarterly publication, but only twoissues were completed this year due to changesin the online system to accommodate expandedcoverage in the future. The 2,077 records ofmotion pictures, video recordings, filmstrips,transparency sets,, and slide sets were releasedin 3 register fiche and 114 index fiche. The quar-terly NUC: Cartographic Matt.riuls included15,549 records on 11 register fiche and 371 indexfiche. Reports of 1,899,600 additional locationsof materials appearing in the National UnionCatalog were received in the division this year.The 1968 through June 1986 cumulative editionof the National Union Catalog Register of Addi-tional Locations included 39 31,417 locationsfor 4,845,582 titles. Also published during theyear were five issues of Name Authorities,Cumulative Microform Edition, the 1985 annualof Music, Books on Music, and Sound Record-ings, and the thirteenth edition of Symbols ofAmerican Libraries.

Catalog Management

A major reduction-in-force curtailed the CatalogManagement and Publication Division's ongoingmaintenance of the Library's card catalogs. Thisreduction-in-force affected thirty-seven of theforty-eight staff members in the catalog manage-ment part of the division.

The filing staff in the division reviewed por-tions of the Main Card Catalog to prepare thosecards for the filming process undertaken byK. G. Saur, Inc. The cards are being filmed inreverse alphabetical order. and by the end of the

82

Processing Services

fiscal year, filming had been completed from Mthrough Z and preparation of cards had beencompleted from Hi through Z.

The Filing Section staff are also engaged in areduction of the Official Card Catalog. Cardsrepresented by entries in the online catalog arebeing weeded from the Official Card Catalog tohelp reduce its size by about 40 percent. Mainentry cards for non-MARC records, all nameauthority cards, reference cards, and informationcards are being retained in the card catalog. TheOfficial Card Catalog was physically moved thisyear tr, allow for a much-needed space reorgani-zation of the cataloging divisions.

Automation Planning

The Automation Planning and Liaison Office(APLO) operates at the center of the automationactivities planned and implemented in Process-ing Services offices and divisions. Staff in APLOwork with user divisions to conceptualize anautomated application, respond to and antici-pate problems in current systems, plan for equip-ment and software needs, help to train users, andwork with the divisions that develop and imple-ment the systems.

A pJject team of one Automated SystemsOffice (ASO) and two APLO staff members com-pleted the functional requirements for the newACQUIRE acquisitions system. A first draft ofthe user requirements and structured specifica-tions was completed and the ACQUIRE teamgave briefings to potential users and the I ibrary'sCommittee on Automation Planning. Phase 1 cfthe ACQUIRE project is expected to be imple-mented .n October 1990.

A joint APLO/ASO project team has begundevelopment of a Library-wide Serials Manage-ment System (SMS). The team spent time in vari-ous divisions studying the many individual serialcheck-in files and by the end of the fiscal year,had drafted structureu user requirements for SMS,nd was holding user briefings and obtaining

-rents on the draft requirements document.0 completed the detailed requirements

d 'ent for a new release of the Automated

Process Information File. Changes to the file,named APIF 2, will be implemented in 1987 andwill allow creation and maintenance of recordsin the file, production of printed records neededin the cataloging workflow and in the Shelf-list, and migration of APIF 2 records to the Booksfile.

The Library has been replacing the Four-Phaseterminals used in Processing Services for in-put and update of cataloging-related records(whether for newl ,cquired titles or for NUC,etc.) and for MA..., record verification proce-dures. The new COMTERM terminals requirenewly developed software for input and updateactivities. ASO anti APLO are working togetheron this software development. Another input/update application under the joint developmentof Processing Services, Research Services, andASO is for records in he PREMARC file.

Processing Services acquired microcomputersfor each division, for staff in the departmentoffice, and for the overseas field offices last year.APLO coordinated the acquisition of the per-sonal computers, recommended standard soft-ware packages, oversaw training in the use ofthe hardware and software, and chaired thedepartment's Office Automation Committee.

APLO is also very involved in the develop-ment of some retrieval features for the Library'sdatabase. The office participated in the develop-ment of technical specifications, the test plan,and messages for the FETCH coinmand, whichpermits MUMS or SCORPIO users to request abook through the Book Paging System. The LISTcommand, a new search capability requested byProcessing Services, is being developed. Whenavailable, it will permit users to view an alpha-betical list of access points in authority and bib-liographic records. A project team of one APLOand two ASO staff members is preparingdetailed user requirements for LIST.

Cataloging Distribution

The Cataloging Distribution Service (CDS)streamlined operations:, evaluated activities, and

63


implemented new procedures to increase effi-ciency and accountability this year. A reorgani-zation of the division changed the sections intothe service's four major functional areas: Com-puter Applications, Customer Services, Fiscal,and Distribution.

The Customer Services Section investigated itsmailing procedures and customer data files.Redundant stock in storage at the Library's Land-over facility was reduced. New debt collec-tion procedures were adopted and delinquentaccounts were collected. The section institutednew market research studies for the NUC familyof microfiche publications, the National UnionCatalog of Manuscript Collections, and severalpotential products and services. New promo-tional activities were initiated, including adver-tising in professional journals, revised productbrochures, bookmarks, and press releases.Product "packaging" was changed to enhancesales.

The Computer Operations Section was mefgedinto the Computer Applications Section. AnASO IBM 3033 mainframe computer was in-stalled for CDS use in the spring. CDS, ASO, andAPLO worked together to effect a change ofresponsibilities: in January, all card printingactivities formerly handled in ASO were trans-ferred to CDS, and all record ale now dissemi-nated to CDS from ASO by electronic transferrather than by physically transporting tapes fromone operation to the other.

In February, one of the Distribution Section'smajor customers (the Catalog Management andPublication Division) canceled its card orders inconjunction with the decision to cease maintain-ing the card catalogs. The Distribution Sectiontook over responsibility for processing thoserecords ivhich are still set in type by the Gov-ernment Printing Office; galley proofs ofthose cards are now routed by the Card ControlUnit.

Net revenue from the sale of CDS products andservices increased 11 percent this fiscal year.Two products which helped to bring about theincrease were Library of Congress Subject Head-ings, tenth edition, and MARC tapes.

64

NETWORKING

The Network Advisory Committee (NAC) met inDecember 1985 and July 1986. The objective ofthe first NAC meeting was to identify a commovision for nationwide networking and to developa plan to realize it. Speakers from bibliographicutilities, national and state libraries, regionalnetworks, local systems, and the private sectorspoke on their visions of a nationwide networkand the role their organizations might play init. The purpose of the July meeting was to iden-tify networking directions for the years 1986 -90.Among the issues discussed were links, stan-dards, education, public pt :icy, and economics.

The NAC Communications Subcommitteerecommended changes in the distribution ofNetwork Planning Papers, tlie published papersgiven at NAC meetings. Wider dissemination ofthe papers has resulted in several reviews inprofessional journals. The two Network Plan-ning Papers resulting from this year s meetingsare Key Issues in the Networking Field Todayand Toward a Common Vision in Library Net-working.

The Network Development and MARC Stan-dards Office (ND/MSO) is active in the develop-ment of the Linked Systems Project (LSP)together with APLO and ASO and other divi-sions in Processing Services. I,SP is a coopera-tive effort of LC, the Western Library Network(WLN), the Research Libraries Information Net-work (RLIN), and OCLC, Inc., to implementcomputer-to-computer links. The initial appli-cation of the links will be for maintenance of theName Authority Cooperative (NACO) file. As thefiscal year ended, the first full year of the oper-ation of LSP's record transfer/distribution withRLIN was completed. During this first year,620,000 authority records were distributed .1athe LSP link from LC to RUN. RUN is now readyto begin testing the record transfer/contributionapplication, which will allow RLIN memberNACO participants to contribute authorityrecords via the LSP link rather than by typingthe worksheets and mailing them to LC.

Software changes were completed which willallow OCLC to participate in record transfer

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Processing Services

(both distribution and contribution). LSP inter-system information retrieval is in production atthe Library, and testing is ready to begin withRLIN for the authority application. The LSP par-ticipants and LC met several times during theyear to plan for the bibliographic analysis com-ponent of LSP. Documentation has been pre-pared in several areas and two publications wereissued: Organization and Communication Coor-dination Plan and General Description of theLSP Bibliographic Component.,

The Network Development and MARCStandards Office developed a Linked SystemsProject/Standard Network Interconnection(LSP/SNI) test facility this year (SNI is thetelecommunications component of LSP). Thefacility is used by LSP participants to validatetheir protocol implementations. Both OCLC andGeac International have successfully tested theirimplementation of SNI using the test facility.:

ND/MSO and the Cataloging Distribution Ser-vice have worked together to implementUNIMAK .' services at the 'Ibrary (UNIMARC isan international MARC format that can simpli-fy the exchange of MARC data from countriesustng incompatible MARC formats), LC hadearlier made it possible to distribute all LCMARC Distribution Services in UNIMARC. Thisyear's work enables LC to receive and convertUNIMARC records to USMARC.

The division is redesigning the USMARC for-mats documentation and producing new ver-sions on its mfcrocomputer equipment. For eachof the USMARC formats for bibliographic data,authority data, and holdings data, the new docu-ments include national level requirementsand guidelines for applying the format's con-tent designation. A ready reference manual,USMARC Concise Formats: Bibliographic,Authority, Holdings, is in preparation and willcombine content designators with brief annota-tions. ND/MSO prepared several tecanic-Adocuments for sale through the Cataloging Ens-tribution Service: MARC Formats for Biblio-graphic Data, Update numbers 12 and 13,Authorities: A MARC Format, Updat'. number2, and updates to the National Level Biblio-graphic Record for films and maps.,

STAFF ACTIVITIES

Communication with the library and informationcommunity is an integral function of ProcessingServices. Staff attendance at seminars andworkshops provides an opportunity for continu-ous dis:Tmination of information about theaccomplishments, goals, and objectives of thedepartment.

Henriette D. Avram, the Assistant Librarian forProcessing Services, represented the departmentand the Library at national and internationalmeetings. She attended board meetings of the In-ternational Federation of Library Associationsand Institutions (IFLA) in the Hague in Novem-ber 1985 and April 1986. She chaired both meet-ings of the Network Advisory Committee. InDecember she addressed the New York Techni-cal Services Librarians at their fall meeting inNew York. At a meeting of the Association ofResearch Libraries in Minneapolis in April, Mrs.Avram attended the membership meeting, theLSP Policy Committee meeting, and a meetingof the Committee on Bibliographic Control. Afterattending the IFLA General Conference meetingin Tokyo in August, she traveled on to Taiwanand delivered three papers at the National Cen-tral Library. At the end of April she spoke on thetopic of national library databases abroad andparticipated in a panel discussion on interna-tional networking initiatives at the OCLC UsersCouncil in Columbus, Ohio, in September. Mrs.Avram chairs the International Committee of theAmerican National Standards Institute and is amember of the ANSI Information Systems Stan-dards Board/International Standards Coordi-nating Committee, of the National Library ofMedicine Panel 1 on Building and Organizingthe Library's Collections, of the Program Com-mittee of the Council on Library Resources Bib-liographic Service Developmr it Program, andof the LSP Policy Committee. In IFLA, Mrs.Avram is First Vice President, honorary consul-tant to the Section on Information Technology,and a member of the Executive Board, the Inter-national MARC Network Committee, the Pro-gram Management Committee, and the UBCAdvisory Committee. She also chairs the Amefi-

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can Library Association's International RelationsRound Table.

Lucia J. Rather, the director 1. cataloging,attended the meetings of the Research LibrariesGroup's Standing Committee on Library Techni-cal Systems and Bibliographic Control (BIBTECH)at Stanford in November and chaired the Libraryof Congress Law Classification Advisory Commit-tee meeting in July. She participated in meetingsof the National Library of Canada Cataloging Ad-visory Group held in Ottawa in April and Septem-ber 1986. In IFLA, Mrs. Rather serves as honoraryconsultant to the Cataloging Committee. Withinthe Library of Congress, she served as a memberof the Optical Disk Futures Group and chaired thegroup's Library Operations Committee.

Mary S. Price, the director for bibliographicproducts and services, attended the October1985 and April 1986 Paris meetings of the In-ternational Serials Data System (ISDS) Board andGeneral Assembly. She attended the CONSERParticipants and Advisory Group meetings inFebruary and the International Conference onthe Preservation of Library Materials in April inVienna. Mrs. Price chairs the IFLA Section onSerial Publications, is president of the ISDSBoard, and serves as the secretariat of the Con-ference of Directors of National Libraries.

Robert C. Sullivan, director for acquisitionsand overseas operations, served as a member ofthe Budget and Finance Committee of ALA'sResources and Technical Services Division andof the Membership Committee of the NationalInformation Standards Organization (NISO) Z39Committee.

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Mrs. Avram and the three directors attendedthe American Library Association meetings heldin Washington and New York this year. Process-ing Services staff are very active members andparticipants in meetings of various committeesand divisions within ALA, particularly in theResources and Technical Services Division. TheProcessing Services delegatica to the IFLAGeneral Conference included Mrs. Rather, Mrs.Price, and Peter Bridge, as well as Mrs. Avram.The Forest Press Editorial Policy Committeemeetings in October 1985 and April 1986 wereattended by both Mrs. Avram and Mrs. Rather.In March they discussed matters of mutualconcern with Utlas, particularly in the areasof networking, the Linked Systems Project,PREMARC, and products and services.

Staff in the Network Development and MARCStandards Office participated in the work of theLSP Technical Committee, of Subcommittee T5(Open Systems Interconnection) of AccreditedStandards Committee X3 (Information Process-ing Systems), of the Canadian Task Group onComputer Protocols for Bibliographic Data Inter-change, of the International Organization forStandardization Technical Committee 46, Sub-committee 4, Working Group 1 (Character Setsfor Bibliographic Use) and the Technical Com-mittee 46, Subcommittee 4, Working Group 4(Application Level Protocols), of the USMARCadvisory group at ALA's Cc ,nmittee on theRepresentation in Machine-Readable Form ofBibliographic Information (MARBI), NISO'sStandards Committee D, and NISO's StandardsCommittee on Non-Serial Holdings Statements.

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Research Services

An unusual year. A difficult year. An idiosyn-cratic year. An interesting year.

In their annual reports, Research Services'division chiefs sought various adjectives tocharacterize fiscal 1986, a year marked by severebudget cuts, loss of positions, reductions inhours of public service, and protests, demonstra-tions, and oversight hearings focusing on theLibrary's priorities, constituencies, and needs.In hindsight, the interval of intense protest wasbrief. Reduced hours of service in general read-ing rooms went into effect Marc% 10, leading toseveral protests at closing time that week. With-in two weeks, however, the reading rooms hadsettled down, though occasional demonstrationscontinued against budget reductions, Librarypriorities, and other, seemingly extraneousissues. By July 10, with funds made available inan urgent supplemental appropriations bill, theLibrary was able to resume normal hours of ser-vice, four months to the day after their cur-tailment.

According to Kierkegaard, life can only beunderstood backwards, but it must be lived for-wards. Library staff members coping withexasperated and disruptive readers in mid-March did not know that within four months thisparticular problem would be solved, though itmight have made things easier if they had.Nevertheless, there was permanent damage donein 1986 to the department programs, and permanent scars remain. The National ReferralCenter (NRC) which had been established inthe 1960s, merged with the Science and Tech-nology Division, then given independent divi-sional status again five years agowasabolished. About half its staff were placed in areduction-in-force. Its remaining staff and func-tions were transferred to the General ReadingRooms Division. The staff will continue to main-tain the NRC database, but referral activities andpublications will be sharply curtailed.

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Throughout the department, as throughout theLibrary, staff shortages and unfilled vacancieswere the rule, in an effort to distribute the im-pact of the budget cuts with Ole least damage toservices and staff. The earliest result of budgetcuts was the discontinuance at the ead of Janu-ary of twenty indefinite positions authorized foran inventory of the collections. The loss of thisspecialized and well-trained staff will be sorelyfelt.

Other developments pale by comparison to theupheavals caused by budget cuts, but the yearwas also marked by genuine accomplishmentsand progress, some of which had had a long ger-mination process. The following pages detailthese developments.

There were several relocations in preparationfor renovation. The Hispanic Division, EuropeanDivision. and Rare Book and Special CollectionsDivision relocated their reading rooms to theNorthwest Gallery and Pavilion and North Cur-tain, second floor, Jefferson Building. The tem-porary quarters required some adjustments bypatrons and staff, but, after a shakedown inter-val, the adjustments occurred.. NRC staff movedto the Jefferson Building during the summer, inkeeping with the organizational changes men-tioned above, and Collections Management Divi-sion offices were also relocated.

Among major administrative changes,. EarlRothermel retired June 30 as chief of the FederalResearch Division after a career of thirty-twoyears in the Library of Congress. J. ThomasRimer resigned July 11 as chief of the Asian Divi-sion. As reported last year, Donald L. Leavitt,chief of the Music Division, retired because ofillness October 29, 1985. He died November 28.

Several long-time staff members retired, in-cluding Wilhelmena Curry, senior manuscriptlibrarian in the Manuscript Division. At the timeof her retirement June 3, Mrs. Curry had thirty-five years of federal service, almost all in the

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Library and twenty-three years of it in theManuscript Division. Leroy D. Davis, sciencereference librarian in the Science and Tech-nology Division, retired March 3 after thirty-fouryears of federal service, all but two of whichwere in the Library. Finally, Leonard Beck, whoserved the Library forty years, most recentlyas subject collections specialist in the RareBook and Special Collections Division, retiredin June.

ACQUISITIONS

The principal acquisitions news of 1986 was thenecessity to adjust recommending and selectionfunctions to diminished resources, caused by aninitial "Gramm-Rudman-Hollings cut" and by thedecline in purchasing power overseas of the U.S.dollar. Research Services recommending andselection officers worked closely with colleaguesin Processing Services and in the CollectionDevelopment Office to achieve orderly reduc-tions in serial subscriptions, blanket orders, andoverall expenditures. To achieve cost-savings,it has been necessary in some cases to rely solelyon microform subscriptions and thus delay avail-ability of some journals and periodicals in theLibrary, Increasing reliance on copyright claim-ing is a positive result of the budget difficulties.

A case in point was the in-depth study ofSerial Record receipts, bound and unboundholdings, and copyright records by Jane Collins,assistant head of the Science Reference Section,Science and Technology Division. Miss Collins'sknowledge of copyright law and publishingpractices led to positive results. The firm of But-terivorths, for example, agreed to the CopyrightOffice request for deposit of seventy-one of itsbasic scientific journals, hitherto undeposited,Cost-savings of thousands of dollars are thusbeing realized.

A significant landmark was reached in whatis be'ieved to be the world's largest map librarycollection when the Geography and Map Divi-sion accessioned its four millionth cartographicitem:

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Some Notable Acquisitions

The National Broadcasting Company (NBC)donated to the Library its entire collection ofsome twenty thousand early television programs,covering the period 1948-77: The Library willtransfer the programs, preserved on kinescopeand film, to videotape for reference service. Thisis the second major gift firm NBC, which in 1978donated eighty thousana hours of radio program-ming from 1926 to 1970. These major gifts helpmake the Library of Congress the largest archiveof broadcasting in the United States.

The NBC acquisition was only one of severalmajor developments in the documentation of ourtimes through film and video. Negotiations withBritish television companies resulted in theacquisition of more than four hundred hours ofBritain's most distinguished productions, in-cluding The Jewel in the Crown, BridesheadRevisited, the historic first televised session ofthe House of Lords, etc. Compilation of a "mostwanted" list of American films substantiallymissing from the Library's collections was thefirst step toward negotiations with Turner Enter-tainment Co., leading to acquisition of fiftyMetro-Goldwyn-Mayer titles in mint 35-mmprints, including Gone With the Wind; The GoodEarth, and The Thin Man, among many otherclassics, all deserving individual mention..

The Rare Book and Special Collections Divi-sion received a large (fifty-nine boxes) andimportant collection on anarchism from PaulAvrich of New York. In addition to often-scarcesecondary sources, the collection contains let-irs, photographs, and records of interviews of

prominent early twentieth-century anarchists.,The Avrich Collection dovetails nicely with thedivision's Radical Pamphlet Collection. Twomajor rare book purchases were initiated by theScience and Technology Division: GiovanniBranca's Le Machine (Rome, 1629), a rare illus-trated work that documents seventeenth-centurytechnology, and the collected works in tenvolumes of Girolamo Cardano, Opera Omnia(Lyons, 1663).

Among notable items acquired by the Geog-raphy and Map Division were two rare Civil War

Processing Services

military map books, hand sketched in the fieldby Union and Confederate officers, depictingtroop positions in Tennessee and other Southernlocations; the first fire insurance atlas of London,1792-99, of Richard Horwood; a 1795 postal mapof Germany not previously in the collections; a1660 Blaeu hand-colored map of England; PierreDuval's earliest (1661) world map and HernandoSolis's very rare Spanish world map, entitledTipus Orbis Terrarum (1603).

The Manuscript Division's unparalleled re-sources for study of civil rights and BlackAmericana were further strengthened by acqui-sition of the records (on microfiche) of theUnited Negro College Fund, 1944-79, a trans-fer from the Copyright Office. The first install-ment of the papers of editor Kenneth McCormickis notable for its substantial correspondence withnovelists Kenneth Roberts and SomersetMaugham. A large group of H. L. Mencken let-ters is included in the recently acquired papersof the late Marcella Miller Du Pont. Some250,000 items documenting the administrationsof former Librarians of Congress ArchibaldMacLeisi and Luther Evans were transferredfrom thf, Library's central files to the permanenthistorical archive in the Manuscript Division.

"Acquisitions" come in many foams. The con-versi in in stzius from "deposit" to "gift" of a bodyof materials already in the Library may not soundvery exciting, but two major occurrences of thiskind in 1986 involved American musical mas-ters, John Philip Sousa and George Gershwin.The Sousa C " "3ction contains more than 375music manu cripts, many in Sousa's own hand.The Gershwin gift is performance materials fromGershwin musicals, mostly in the hands ofarrangers and copyists but some in that of thecomposer. Some non-holograph concert musicmanuscripts are also included.

Other Music Division acquisitions in the cen-tennial year of Franz Liszt included five Liszt let-ters and a heavily annotated publisher's proof ofLiszt's arrangement for a piano solo of Schubert'sDer Gondelfahrer, of which the division alsoholds the original manuscript.

The architectural holdings of the Prints andPhotographs Division were strengthened by

acquisition of some fifteen hundred drawings ofAmerican Victorian buildings by New Englandarchitect H. M. Francis and the gift of the filesof Washington architect Donald H. Drayer, withsignificant documentation of area apartmentbuilding designs. More than thirty thousanditems were accessioned from the Historic Ameri-can Buildings Survey and Historic AmericanEngineering Record. Twenty-five albums relat-ing to the history and genealogy of the TheodoreRoosevelt family were received. Some two thou-sand posters were added to the collections, in-cluding eight hundred new political propagandaposters from Gary Yanker and nearly three hun-dred foreign posters, principally from the Li-brary's Rio de Janeiro office.

Foreign-Language Acquisitions

The closing of the Library's office in Tokyo andthe decline in purchasing power of the U.S. dol-lar in Japan combined to have a significantimpact on acquisitions from Japan, necessitat-ing increased reliance on gifts and exchanges.Some twenty-five thousand pieces, mostly serialissues, were received through exchange with theNational Diet Library. Notable gifts includedseveral hundred volumes in a collection formedby the late William Magistretti, a former navalofficer in the Office of Strategic Services inJapan. Overall, some twelve thousand volumeswere added to the Japanese collections in 1986,many of which represent acquisitions from anearlier year.

The Chinese collections also increased signifi-cantly, by more than seventeen thousand vol-umes, most of which were 1985 acquisitions.Notable 1986 acquisitions included back issuesof such important serials as Hsin hua yueh pao(New China monthly) and Ch'uan kuo pao k'anso yin (National index to newspapers andserials). Also received were the final volumes ofthe massive fifteen-hundred-volume reprint Ssuk'u Ch'uan shu (The Four Treasuries) and thefirst thirty-five volumes of the catalog of theHarvard-Yenching Library.

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There was a significant increase in HebraicSection holdings, largely as a result of a publi-cations survey trip to Israel by Peggy Pearlsteinof the staff. In addition to an overall increase inthe collection, some individual items of notewere received, including Lekah Tor and Be'erMoshe, by Moses Saertel, both published inPrague, 1604-05, and a work on rites of theCochin Jews, Seder Tefilot Shevachot ve-Shirim(Amsterdam, 1757). Other Middle East acqui-sitions included Tarikh-i Armenistan, a Persian-language study emphasizing Armenia'sChristian heritage.

Several recordings were added to the Archiveof Hispanic Literature on Tape or the Archiveof World Literature on Tape, including video-taped interviews with Ernesto Sabato (Argen-tina) and Ne lida Piiion (Brazil) and a readingfrom his The Polygamist by Zimbabweannovelist and nationalist Ndabanigi Sithole.

Microform Acquisitions

Many forms of library material are routinelyacquired on or converted to microformat. Chiefamong these are newspapers. Under the termsof a special program granting publishers relieffrom the two-copy deposit requirements of thecopyright law, archival-quality microfilm maybe substituted. Sixty-two U.S. newspapers arenow in this program, the San Francisco Chroni-cle and Hackensack (N.J.) Record hay' -g beenadded in 1986. Fifty-four other newspapers havebeen approached about joining this program.Present cost-savings are more than $50,000, andthis amount can be expected to increase as addi-tional American newspapers take advantage ofthe program. This is an arrangement of benefitto all.

The Serial and Government Publications Divi-sion also received, in fulfillment of the agree-ment announced in last year's report, 169 reelsof microfilm for five Brazilian newspapers.

More than 350 reels of microfilm IA ere addedto the Manuscript Division collections throughthe Library's preservation microfilming program.Among the collections filmed in 1986 were the

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papers of James A. Farley (54 reels), the FederalWriters' Project (43 reels), Philip Sheridan (104reels), and Josephus Daniels (90 reels). The divi-sion also filmed a substantial number of GermanCaptured Documents and returned the originalsto the Bundesarchiv in Koblenz, in accordancewith an agreement.

The Music Division was permitted to borrowand film a large collection of music and non-music items owned by or associated with famedcellist Gregor Piatigorsky. The collection in-cludes holograph scores of Beethoven, Brahms,Chopin, Debussy, Liszt, Mendelssohn, Mozart,Schubert, and Schumann. The nonmusic mate-rial is notable for the correspondence of WilliamWalton and Piatigorsky, documenting the rela-tionship between composer and performer.Microfilming of the division's own collection ofFranz Liszt correspondence was completed, aswell as the cataloged book materials from theDayton C. Miller Flute Collection (144 reels).

Microfiche of Agency for International Devel-opment reports for 1982 through 1986 were addedto the holdings of the Science and TechnologyDivision, supplementing earlier accessions.

The Library also received 230 reels of micro-film of eighteenth- and nineteenth-century Loui-siana and West Florida archival materials fromthe Archives of the Indies in Seville, Spain.Another microfilm acquisition of interest toHispanic scholars is the Anthony Gibbs Archive,documenting nineteenth- and twentieth-centuryBritish interests in Chile and Peru. From theUniversity of Pennsylvania came a gift of 23 reelsof negative ml ;rofilm of the Indian dailynewspaper Nayshakti (in Marathi), covering theyears 1948-61, Acquisition of a film of theCzech-American newspaper Slavic (1861-1914)provided a source for the Library's publicationMasaryk and America.

A cooperative project involving the Library ofCongress and the Latin American MicroformProject (LAMP) was approved in 1986, withfunding provided to LAMP by the NationalEndowment for the Humanities. The material in-volved is the Ministerial Reports of Latin Amer-ica, an important body of source material,Preservation filming will begin in fiscal 1987,

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MANAGEMENT OF COLLECTIONS

Some divisions were unable to sustain earliermomentum in managing collections because ofstaff vacancies during the year. Nevertheless,some notable achievements were evident inprogressively bringing the world's largest collec-tions of library materials under control.

For the third consecutive year, the Serial andGovernment Publications Division reduced thesize of the Federal Agencies Collection ofrestricted-use government publications. By iden-tifying duplicates and arranging for the declas-sification of other materials, the staff was ableto process out 7,592 pieces. For the three-yearperiod, the collection has been reduced by morethan one-third, milking for betier control andauthorized access. That division also made sig-nificant progress on its U.S. Newspaper Project.By year's end, 10,895 American newspapers hadbeen cataloged-90 percent of the collection.

After its relocation, the Science and Tech-nology Division's Technical Reports Section wasable to arrange all of its two million microfichedreports in direct alphanumeric order, an achieve-ment which had not been possible in the sec-tion's previous storage area. The section has alsobegun work on twenty-two tubs of older techni-cal translations, which had been stored at theLandover Center Annex.

A library collection is dynamic, not static.Growth and change impose their own impera-tives and keep the department's maintenancestaff busy, The Collections Maintenance Sectionrealigned numerous classes of the general col-lections in 1986 and began work on the massiveClass H to accommodate unusual growth in partsof that collection. More than one million record-ings were shifted to accommodate new large col-lections received and anticipated. The WhiteHouse News Photographers Collection from the1950s to the 1970s was relocated from the South-west Attic, Jefferson Building, to Landover Cen-ter Annex. At Landover the entire motion picturecollection of 235,000 reels of film was relocatedand/or realigned.. The section also undertook amassive evacuation and relocation of materialsin the Duke Street Annex.

The Geography and Map Division crossedanother major milestone in 1986 when the onehundred thousandth LC map record was keyedinto the online system. The MARC program formaps began in 1969, with online access begin-ning in 1984. Approximately seven thousandnew records are cataloged and added each yearto the Library of Congress maps dat ,base.

Progress of the Inventory

There was little progress on the inventory of thecollections throughout 1986, following an 80percent reduction in January of staff devoted tothis project. For 1986 about 21 percent of ClassP (Language and Literature) was inventoried,bringing this large class to about 56 percent com-pletion. At least three more years of effort by thereduced staff will be necessary to complete theinventory. Nevertheless, in 1986 more than100,000 volumes were slipped for preservationtreatment, 63,575 shelfmarkers prepared, and14,168 obsolete charge slips removed from theCentral Charge File. The Pre-1801 Imprint Col-lection continues to grow, especially followingthe completion of Class D (History, exceptAmerican), requiring additional shelving and a"shakeout' of the class:

AUTOMATION

During the past year, the content of the computercatalog was expanded significantly by new on-line cataloging operations in special collectionsareas. Bibliographic records for bound pam-phlets in the Rare Book and Special CollectionsDivision are now being entered into the com-puter catalog and are available for online accessthrough MUMS/SCORPIO or for printing in avariety of formats, using JANUS. Likewise, bib-liographic records for visual materials are beingentered into the computer catalog and are avail-able for online access or fcr printing in a varietyof formats. This development is of major assis-tance to the Prints and Photographs Division andthe Motion Picture, Broadcasting, and Recorded

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Sound Division in control of their visual collec-tions. The addition of the LC subject heading listto the online computer catalog environmentgreatly facilitates the selection of the appropriateindex terms to be used in locating desired records.

The automated facilities for printing computercatalog data at data processing workstationswere enhanced during the yea* through im-plementation of the SCORPIO SEND commandat selected terminals. This command enablessets of catalog records to be printed on printersat local or remote locations, eliminating thenecessity of having printers connected to everyADP workstation requiring printouts of com-puter catalog records and of having to print outsets of records by pages. These enhancementsare proving to be especially valuable to ResearchServices staff providing reference and/or biblio-graphic service.

The uses of microcomputers in producingfinding aids and bibliographies were also greatlyexpanded during the year, particularly in down-loading records from the computer catalog oroutside database services into microcomputersfor manipulating, editing, and including in re-search aids.

During the year, special attention was givento the use of microcomputers in producingresearch aids containing foreign-language alpha-bets or scripts, For this purpose, special con-figurations of microcomputer hardware andsoftware were specified and ordered for use andevaluation in the Area Studies divisions forsuch languages as Chinese, Japanese, Hebrew,Arabic, Cyrillic, Greek, and various other Euro-pean languages.

The commencement of an implementationplan for PIN (piece identification number) labelswas the major automation event in the collec-tions control area. The specifications and pro-curements of machine-readable label-affixingmachines, stationary and portable label-readingmachines, and an initial batch of preprintedmachine-readable labels (1,000,000) were com-pleted during the year with label-affixing oper-ations to begin early next year,

During the past year, the development of anautomated link between the MUMS/SCORPIO

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computer catalog and the Book Paging Systemwas begun and accelerated for early implemen-tation next year. It would enable users of thecomputer catalog to request, through a FETCHcommand, items from storage locations usingthe catalog records retrieved during searchingof the catalog without having to sign on to theBook Paging System separately. Though limitedinitially to staff use, this FETCH command pro-vides a most significant first link between thebibliographic control and the collections controldomains in an automated environment.

All these developments have a commonthread and purpose: to make information morereadily accessible to staff and patrons of theLibrary of Congress.

PRESERVATION

Preservation activities at LC were not spared theround of 1986 budget cuts. Some programs, infact, were especially hard hit, including bind-ing and rebinding, motion picture preservation,preservation microfilmiag, and phased conser-vation supplies. In addition, staff reductionsaffected the preparation of material for variouspreservation procedures, especially in the BookPreparation Section of the Binding Office. As aresult, the number of volumes prepared andtransmitted for binding and rebinding fell below185,000.

Nevertheless, there were historic accomplish-ments (as well as some setbacks) in 1986, mostof which have major implications for researchlibraries worldwide.

After fifteen months of intensive planning byMerrily A. Smith of the National PreservationProgram Office and Mary Ann Adams of theOffice of the Librarian, the first internationalconference on the preservation of library mate-rials took place in Vienna, Austria, under thechairmanship of the Deputy Librarian of Con-gress. The meeting was sponsored by the Con-ference of Directors of National Libraries incooperation with the International Federation ofLibrary Associations and Institutions (IFLA) andUNESCO. This major effort resulted in papers

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by forty-one speakers from twenty-two countriesand an attendance that represented most of thegeographical areas of the world. Not only did theconference focus attention on the importantissue of library preservation worldwide but italso indicated the leadership role that the Libraryof Congress and its National Preservation Pro-gram Office can play.. The papers from the con-ference are being edited by Merrily A. Smith andwill be published by K.G. Saur Verlag early in1987.

Phase 1 of the operations part of the OpticalDisk Pilot Print Project was completed. Theobjective of this part was to test basic systemhardware and to develop links of SCORPIO/BIBLwhich allowed for scanning and retrieval of BIBLarticles and documents. This phase of the projecthas been successful in terms of both technicalaccomplishments and the development andexecution of procedures for input and retrievalin the system. A database of about fifty-twohundred documents has been built, which aredelivered, displayed and printed electronicallythrough the system. All aspects of the BIBLdocument input were fully tested and athorough, highly detailed, and widely distrib-uted report on phase 1 experiences prepared.The entire optical disk print retrieval system wasformally opened to the public on January 23.

The database-building effort then moved onto phase 2, using optical disk SCORPIO fileswith both commercial and inhouse-developedsoftware for input and retrieval. The first phase2 file, opened to the public on March 27, in-cludes full issues of the Congressional Recordscanned at the part level, with some retrievalprovided at the page level.

A second phase 2 file manuscripts hasdemonbirated that material not previously undermachine control can be brought into an opticaldisk system with a capability to produce localor offline laser print hard copies of these items.The Asher Autograph Collection was madeavailable to the public on August 1.,

The Library's pilot book deacidification oper-ation, which was undergoing tests at GoddardSpace Flight Center, experienced several engi-neering difficulties in December and February,

including two fires, one of which occurred dur-ing an attempted purging of lilies. An analysisof the difficulties by an independent safety com-mittee set up by NASA showed flaws in the de-sign of the facility and serious lapses in safety andoperation; procedures. As a result, the Librarydecided to defer construction of the main facil-ity and move the pilot operation to another loca-tion, using a new contractor from the chemicalprocess industry. In addition, the entire deacid-ification progam was reorganized to clearly iden-tify projects that had to be completed in order tomake the plant operational. Completion of thefinal plant will be delayed by about two years,with startup now projected to mid-1990.

Ir a paper prepared for delivery at meetingsof the Society of American Archivists in Augustand the British Library Association in Septem-ber, Peter Waters, the Library's conservationofficer, reviewed developments in preservationin the twenty years since the Florence flood,many of which have been adopted or developedat the Library of Congress.

The past twenty years have seen improve-ments such as enzyme treatments, leaf-casting,deliquification, freeze-drying, polyester encap-sulation, "conservation bindings," and phasedconservation. There is increasing reliance ontechnology and mass treatment, because of themagnitude of the problems to be faced, but alongwith new technology, Mr., Waters cautionsagainst neglect of the properties of paper, whichcan be made durable enough to survive all buttotal disaster. He also recommends various pro-tective environments and decentralization ofelectronic media in an overall disaster plan.

SERVICES TO READERS

Readers are served directly in the department'sseventeen reading rooms; by telephone, corre-spondence, and loan of materials; and throughcompilation of bibliographies, guides, and otherpublications. Although direct reader and refer-erce service was curtailed in the general read-ing rooms for four months in 1986, other formsof service continued.

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Had it not been for this cutback, severalrecords for reader service would have beenposted in 1986. During the first quarter of theyear, for example, the Serial Division servedmore than forty-nine thousand raiders, an in-crease of 13 percent over the same period in1985. For the year, however, there was a 4 per-cent decline. Readers unable to use the Libraryin person during that interval relied on otherservices, and overall reference service increasedin both the Serial Division and the Science andTechnology Division.

Special Collections divisions in the MadisonBuilding, unaffected by the shorter hours andrelocations, experienced some increases in thenumber of readers. In August the Music Divisionserved the highest monthly number of itemssince its move to the Madison Building. ThePrints and Photographs Division's readership, onthe other hand, was down sharply. Geographyand Map Division readership dropped slightly.The greatest declineabout 20 percent wasnoted in the Rare Book and Special CollectionsDivision, where relocation and renovation tooktheir toll. One reader, in fact, after using the tem-porary rare book reading room, mistakenlybelieved the division had been closed, Theexigencies of renovation will no doubt lead toother misconceptions over the next few years.Hispanic and European reading rooms experi-enced similar 4-clines, for similar reasons.

The most G. ult interval for readers and staffalike will occur over the twelve months begin-ning in Summer 1987., when the Main ReadingRoom is closed. There will be a severe shortageof available reader stations and study facilitiesduring that period. The General Reading RoomsDivision has taken the lead in trying to preparefor that day, with preparatory studies, plans,announcements, etc.

Despite some decline in numbers and theprospect of greater declines soon, there were in-dications that the quality of service in theLibrary's reading rooms remained high. TheLocal History and Genealogy Reading Room re-ceived the National Genealogical Society Awardof Merit at the Society's Sixth Annual Conferenceon May 30. According to the citation, "This sec-

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tion of the Library of Congress offers exceptionalassistance and support to genealogical re-searchers." There were other evidences of qual-ity service throughout the year.

Five new statesArizona, Michigan, Mis-souri, Idaho, and Arkansasjoined the Library'scorrespondence referral program, bringing thetotal to forty-two participating states. The assign-ment of National Referral Center staff to theGeneral Reading Rooms Division is expected tohave reciprocal benefits for the correspondencereferral program.

In reference service, special mention must bemade of the African and Middle Eastern Divi-sion. Although its small staff is mostly occupiedwith the business of acquiring, arranging, de-scribing, and preparing bibliographical entrieson its collections, staff members must be pre-pared for reference questions about areas that in-clude many of the world's "hot spots" of the1980s. Some of the subjects of its referanceinquiries sound like a list of 1986 current evehts:American-Libyatt relations, crises in Lebanonand Afghanistan, the Iran-Iraq war, Islamic fun-damentalism, American economic interests inthe Arab World, Israeli elections, EthiopianJews, the Israeli defense industry, the Cubanpresence in Angola, Sudanese politics, and U.S. -South African relations. More specialized topicsincluded Hasidic legends, conversion tables forthe Islamic calendar, and the New Testament inLadino.

What else can researchers find out about inLibrary of Congress collections? In 1986 a his-toric p/eservation firm examined several hun-dred fire insurance and real estate maps toidentify all apartment buildings in the Districtof Columbia for the past hundred years.Representatives of an aerospace technology firmconducted research on improvements in main-tenance productivity in the Science and Tech-nology Division (S&T) collections and were sopleased with the results that they sent along amodel of the Space Shuttle with their note ofthanks. The European Division,, in response tomany requests following the Chernobyl nucleardisaster, was able to refer inquirers to the Febru-ary 1986 issue of the Moscow journal Soviet Life.

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which featured an extensive, illustrated accountof the Chernobyl complex and its safety features.

Another twenty-five thousand copies of S&T'sTracer Bullets were distributed in 1986, in aneffort to anticipate questions rather than merelyanswer them as they occur.

Loan Division

Requests for loans, items circulated, and con-gressional reference at the Capitol Station all in-creased during 1986, the last by 28 percent over1985 as the staff went into overtime on 153separate occasions, including one Saturdaywhen the Senate convened at 8 A.M. andrecessed at 3 A.M. the following morning. (TheCapitol Station remains open whenever eitherhouse of Congress is in session.) Only CentralCharge File (CCF) activity diminished, largelybecause CCF observes the hours of the generalreading rooms and was thus affected by theMarch 10-July 9 reductions in hours of service.

In 1986 the Library received (and fulfilled, itsfirst overseas electronic borrowing request, viaOCLC, from the Bibliotheque Nationale in Paris.The request was for an 1890 Bogota, Colombia,imprint, Electronic access via the OCLC Inter-library Loan System was extended to three hun-dred AMIGOS network libraries in theSouthwest. Almost 25 percent of incoming inter-library loan requests are now received electron-ically, up from 1 percent only three years ago.In all, some fifty-three thousand borrowers weresatisfied.

A profile of the thirty-five thousand bookssupplied to Congress is a good measure of legis-lative concerns In a year that featured shiphijackings, airport bombings, and other acts ofterrorism, borrowers were interested in suchtitles as Fighting Back: Winning the War againstTerrorism, by Terrell Livingstone; TransnationalTerrorism, by Edward Ivlickolus; and PoliticalTerrorism, by Grant Wardlaw. Central Americaand the Near East were other topics of congres-sional borrowing, and throughout the year bookson the feddral deficit wen in demand. Duringthe confirmation hearing for Chief Justice Rehn-

quist, Lawrence Tribe's God Save This Honora-ble Court . . : was in great demand.

Considerable attention was given to reclaim-ing overduesometimes long-overduebooks.A large number of older city directories (903 car-tons weighing 3,565 pounds), long in use by theCensus Bureau, were returned, with more tocome. In some cases replacement costs for lostbooks were provided.

PERFORMING ARTS LIBRARY

Kennedy Center volunteers, working under thedirection of Performing Arts Library (PAL) staff,have virtually completed an index to programbooks for Kennedy Center performances from itsopening in 1971 to the present. This is an invalu-able resource for PAL readers, who numberedmore than sixteen thousand in 1986, an increaseof 3 percent.

PUBLICATIONS

A number of major publications long in prepa-ration in Research Services were published infiscal 1986, some by the Library, some by otherscholarly publishers.

The third edition of the National Directory ofLatin Americanists, edited by Inge Maria Har-man, appeared in October 1985. This 1,011-pagevolume, four years in preparation, lists nearlyfive thousand Latin Americanists. ChineseNewspapers in the Library of Congress, com-piled by Han-chu Huang and Hseo-chin Jen, listssome twelve hundred titles published from the1870s to the present. Staff of the African andMiddle Eastern Division prepared three publi-cations of special note: the third supplement toAfrica South of the Sahara: Index to PeriodicalLiterature, covering articles issued in 1977;volume one of U.S. Imprints on Sub-SaharanAfrica: A Guide to Publications Cataloged at theLibrary of Congress, with a second volume inpress; and Afghanistan: An American Perspec-tive; A Guide to L J. Official Documents andGovernment-Sponsored Publications.

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In addition to a half-dozen bibliographicallists on special topics (German-speaking coun-tries of Europe, Joachim Lelewel, and Masarykand America, for example), the Europear Divi-sion saw the publication at year's end of theAmerican Bibliography of Slavic and East Euro-pean Studies for 1983/1984, the first volume inthe series (cosponsored with the American Asso-ciation for the Advancement of Slavic Studies)to benefit from the application of automation inits preparation.

A major contribution to the study of cartog-raphy was the publication of the World Direc-tory of Map Collections, second edition(Munich: K.G. Saur), compiled by John A.,Wolter, Ronald E. Grim, and David K. Carring-ton, all of the Library's Geography and Map Di-vision. A similar compilation is Aeronautics andSpace Flight Collections (Haworth Press), whichincludes a chapter on aeronautics and astronau-tics in the Library of Congress, by John F. Price.(The publication also appeared as a double issueof Special Collections.)

No publication had a longer gestation periodthan Civil War Manuscripts: A Guide to Collec-tions in the Manuscript Division of the Libraryof Congress. Begun as a card file maintained byCivil War specialist Lloyd A. Dunlap in the1960s, it was left plete at the time of Dun-lap's death in 1968. Several other ManuscriptDivision specialists tried to revise it over theyears, but it was left to John R. Sellers to go backto the beginnings and to compile what is certainto be a useful and informative guide.

Two substantial literary publications appeared,both the result of papers read and lectures givenat the Library under the auspices of the GertrudeClarke Whittall Poetry and Literature Fund. FourDubliners, by Richard Ellmann, is a gatheringof his lectures on Oscar Wilde, W.B. Yeats,James Joyce, and Samuel Beckett, de"veredannually 1982-85. George Orwell & NineteenEighty-Four: The Man and the Book prints thepapers and summarizes discussions at a confer-ence held at the Library April 30-May 1, 1984.

The final publication of the National ReferralCenter (NRC) was Information Resources in theArts: A Directory, compiled by NRC's Lloyd W.

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Shipley with the cooperation of Peter Fay andthe staff of the Performing Arts Library.

U.S. Government Periodicals, compiled byKaren A. Wood, is a cumulative list of 880 titlesin the Federal Depository Collection, withSuperintendent of Documents and Library ofCongress classification numbers for ease ofaccess. Among numerous other guides compiledin the department, two more may be mentione.1:a guide to the papers of Earl Warren in theManuscript Division, compiled by Allen Teich-roew, and a catalog of the Theodore RooseveltAssociation Film Collection, by Wendy White-Hensen and Veronica Gillespie. Staff of theGeneral Reeding Rooms Division preparedthirty-nine bibliographical lists ("Read MoreAbout It"), "how to find" guides, and selectedlists of references on special topics.

An unusoal Library publication, based on adiscovery six years earlier in the Rosenwald Col-lection, is The Pi inter & the Pardoner, by PaulNeedham of the Piorpont Morgan Library, whodiscovered an unrecorded fifteenth-centuryprinting by William Caxton in the bindingmaterial of other Caxton publications. Encour-aged by the chief of the Rare Book and SpecialCollections Division and assisted by the Library'sCenter for the Book, Mr. Needham produced aremarkable scholarly investigative study.

The department's major continuing series allpublished sequential volumes: the Handbook ofLatin American Studies (vol. 46), Letters ofDelegates to Congress, 1774-1789 (vol. 12), ColdRegions Bibliography (vol. 39), and AntarcticBibliography (vol.14).

It has been a productive year but an equallyimpressive list of titles is expected in 1987.

PUBLIC PROGRAMS

The concert year featured five evenings devotedto the music of one composer "Concerts fromthe Collections," as they have come to be called.,Four of the composers, Herman Berlinski, DavidDiamond, William Schuman, and Hugo Weis-gall, are well represented in Music Division col-lections. The fifth concert featured some of the

Research Services

unjustly neglected early music of Jerome Kern,c major acquisition of whose work is anticipated.The Wei3gall concert included a premiere of thecomposer's Lyrical Interval, a setting of poemsby John Hollander. Both poet and composerspoke. Other premieres were Vivian Fine's Odeto Henry Purcell, Walter Mays's Sextet for Pianoand Winds, George Rochberg's Trio for Piano,Violin, and Cello. and Ezra Laderman's DoubleString Quartet, all of which had been commis-sioned by the Library, as well as works by ToruTakemitsu, Noel Lee, and William Albright.

In addition to the usual appearances by theLibrary's resident groupsthe Juilliard Quartet inthe fall and spring and the Beaux Arts Trio in thewinterthe late spring season was especiallycrowded with the Festival of American ChamberMusic, the Franz Liszt Centennial Celebration, andthe Library of Congress Summer Chamber Fes-tival, in its fifth season under the musical direc-tion of Miles Hoffman. The Juilliard's secondviolinist, Earl Carlyss, made his final appearanceat the Library April 18 before his retirement.

A number of administrative matters relating 'othe concert program merit attention. The numberof radio stations subscribing to Library of Congresschamber music broadcasts now exceeds eighty,reversing a downward trend. Ticket distributionprocedures were changed, following widespreadcriticism and cons'iltation with a small grouprepresenting the Library; audiences. Finally, locallive broadcast arrangements resumed withWGMS, which had carried the concerts from 1948to 1971. It will replace VJETA for the 1986-87season.

The Library presented its most varied andambitious literary season in 1985-86, beginningwith Gwendolyn Brooks's poetry reading Septem-ber 30, 1985, to an overflow audience. Highlightsof the season were a symposium on Alexis de Toc-queville, commemorating the 150th anniversaryof Democracy in America; a reading by six dis-tinguished poets celebrating the 75th anniversaryof the Poetry Society of America; an appearanceby the prairie humorist Garrison Keillor (televisedby WETA for rebroadcast over the Public Broad-casting System); a virtuoso two-night performanceby English actor Alec Mc Cowen as Kipling; a

reading by Nobel Prize winner William Golding;the inauguration of a series of short fiction pro-grams by winners in the PEN syndicated fictionproject; an evening of Chicano poetry; and soloappearances by Yevg9ny Yevtushenko and JamesBaldwin. The season ended with another packedhouse for Consultant in Poetry GwendolynBrooks. A full listing of the Library's literary pro-grams appears in Appendix 13.

In 1986 the Motion Picture, Broadcasting, andRecorded Sound Division offered 247 film andtelevision programs to the public on 182 eve-nings. These were organized in seven sepa-rate series and five specials, including "Moviesfor Children." The year began with "BeforeRashomon: Japanese Film Treasures of the '30sand '40s," presented jointly with the Japan-America Society of Washington, and "Holly-wood," followed in December by "CharlesDickens," a series of film adaptations of theEnglish novelist's work, enhanced by a PickfordTheater lobby exhibit of books, manuscripts, andDickens memorabilia. The winter series were"'Acting It Many Ways': Shakespeare on Filmand Television," in cooperation with the FolgerShakespeare Library, and "Noir Landscapes."The spring series were "American Satire" and"Real-Life America," while the summer wasgiven over to "Music and Movies," an exception-ally popular series. A full list of titles shownappears in Appendix 13,

The small sixty-four-seat Pickford Theater hasa strong following, and 100 percent occupancyis commonplace. For many programs, brief in-formative introductions by Library or outsidespecialists are provided, and even those whocannot attend in person enjoy theater curatorScott Simmon's lively program notes. All activi-ties are supported by the Mary Pickford Foun-dation Fund, which in three short years hashelped make this form of outreach a staple of theLibrary's programming.,

Other Programs

The Hispanic Division sponsored an Octobersymposium on Cervantes and a May symposium

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on Atlantic port cities, the former in cooperationwith the Cervantes Society and the Embassy ofSpain, the latter in cooperation with the JohnsHopkins University History Department. Thedivision also cosponsored a program in honorof Argentine author Ernesto Sabato and initiateda Scholar Seminar luncheon series.

The Geography and Map Division hosted theannual meeting of the Society for the History ofDiscoveries, November 14-16, 1985, and theMotion Picture, Broadcasting, and RecordedSound Division hosted the American Film Insti-tute Center for Film and Video Preservationsteering committee meeting on September 17.

In cooperation with the Law Library and theCongressional Research Service, the departmentsponsored an invitational Summer Seminar onthe Constitution, at which specialists of the threedepartments gave papers on differing aspects ofthe Constitution, in anticipation of Bicentennialobservances. The seminar met on successiveWednesdays in July,

EXHIBITS

Research Services staff were exceptionally busyin the preparation of major exhibits in 1986.Hispanic Division staff were involved in theGreat Hall exhibit "A Celebration of Cervantes,"October-April, and "Atlantic Port Cities," whichopened May 1 in the Geography and Map Divi-sion (G&M) exhibit area, both in connection withthe scholarly symposia mentioned above. Thelatter was preceded by "Surveyors of the PacificBasin. 1768-1842," prepared by G&M saff. (The"Pacific Basin" exhibit was an intellectual sup-plement to the major exhibition at the Smith-sonian Institution's Museuhl of Natural History,"Magnificent Voyagers," to which the Librarylent a number of items and the chief and assis-tant chief of G&M contributed.) The sixth floorcenter lobby of the Madison Building was trans-formed and greatly enhanced by the installationof two magnificent Corunelli globes, recentlyacquired by the Library, and related cartograph.cmaterials.

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Staff of both the Asian Division and the Afri-can and Middle Eastern Division collaborated ona major Great Hall exhibit, "Riders on EarthTogether," which opened June 16, with a satel-lite exhibit on the sixth floor of the MadisonBuilding. The exhibit documents religiousbeliefs and practices in Asia and the MiddleEast, as represented in the collections of theLibrary. The Oval Gallery exhibitions from theSwann Collection featured the satiric art ofcomic strip artists Garry Trudeau and WaltKelly.

ADMINISTRATION

The principal change in organizational structurewas the abolishment of the National ReferralCenter, describ, I above, and the transfer of itsResources Analysis Section intact to the GeneralReading Rooms Division.

C of Migdalovitz, a section head in the Fed-eral Research Division, was promoted to assis-tant chief of that division in June. With theretirement of Earl Rothermel at the end of June,she became the senior manager of the division,pending appointment of a new chief,

The Library received an important gift fromthe Morris and Gwendolyn Cafritz Foundation:a grant of $77,000 to assist in the 1986-87observance of the fiftieth anniversary of majorgifts to the literature, music, and Hispanic cul-tural programs of the Library by Archer M. Hunt-ington and Gertrude Clarke Whittall. Late in theyear the National Geographic Society agreed todonate $348,250 to the Library in behalf of a jointproject fay preservation and facsimile publica-tion of historic maps -.sociated with Washing-ton, D.C., especially the plan of Pierre L'Enfant.

BASIC WORKLOAD

Some 940,000 readers used the department'sseventeen reading rooms in 1986, a decline of4 percent attributable to the four-month reduc-tion in hours of service. Telephone reference andcorrespondence totals, on the other hand, were

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up by 28 and 35 percent, respectively, indicatingthat readers unable to use the department's read-ing rooms in person let their fingers (or their type-writers) do the walking. The total for all forms ofreference service increased wnile the hours de-voted to providing such service declined. Whichis another way of saying that Research Serviceswas obliged to do more with less in 1986, andapparently did so with some success.

Of particular interest in assessing the depart-ment's workload is the sharp increase in Re-search Services' handling of congressionalrequests. Whereas other administrative units inthe Library showed only marginal increases oreven declines in work performed for the Con-gress, Research Services' congress:nnEl work-

load increased by one-third. Especially markedincreases occurred in the Area Studies divisions,where demands for translations more than dou-bled last year's totals. In addition, the numberof books lent to congressional offices increased14 percent, to 38,228.

It is evident, both from departmental statisticsand from observation, that a significant shift ofstaff resources occurred in 1986, from behind-the-scenes activities to public services. Henceitems cataloged or recataloged in the depart-ment, for example, were down sharply, as wereother categories of materials handling. Thedepartment lived on its capital to some extentin 1986. That is not a long-term prescription forsuccess.

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Law Library

A Uaited States Congressman wants a compara-tive study of wiretapping and electronic surveil-lance laws in major foreign countries and turnsto the Law Library of the Library of Congress forit. An attorney in Turkey has a question aboutTexas corporation law and finds the source forhis answer through the Law Library. The LawLibrary accommodates requests for informationwhether they come from the U.S. Capitol acrossthe street or from somewhere across the globe.Although the extent of a response must dependon the nature of the request and the status of therequester, the means that the Law Library usesto share resources may take many differentforms: on-site b' iefings, advisory legal opinions,publications and reports, direct consultations,lectures, or cooperative programs with otherinstitutions. The New York Public Library, forinstance, is involved in a joint effort to preserveon microfilm the Law Library's unique and frag-ile foreign gazette collection. The Law Library'scommitment to provide answers and access mayalso entail looking at a standard reference sourcesuch as the Congressional Record to see if in arevolutionary new format like optical disk itmight serve an expanded user population andmake access to information more efficient for all.

As the Law Library encompasses a disciplinethat has the potential to affect a great number ofareas of inquiry, its staff must constantly moni-tor political, technological, economic, social, andeven medical issues. Topics like the military useof outer space, the worldwide epidemic of AIDS.the rights of prisoners, and potential conflicts ofinterest for former government employees are allwithin the sphere of the law. The staff of the LawLibrary must be able to respond to a half-millionquestions each year in these and many otherareas, and the Library's law collection,, represent-ing 2.5 million volumes, must contain up-to-dateand accessible materials in which the answerscan be found.

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Clientele

Meeting the needs of the United States Congressis the focal point of Law Library service. Aresponse can take the form of a detailed reporton suicide and euthanasia under Dutch law fora member of the House of Representatives or asurvey of recent let "l developments in thePeople's Republic of China to be incorporated intoa committee report. Other recent topics of con-cern to Congress that required extensive researchinto the laws of other nations were:

Legislation on aquaculture, includingzoning and disposition of waste water

Exceptions for religious or culturalapparel under the military dress codesof foreign armed forces

Experiences of countries which haveimposed the death penalty for drugtrafficking

Citations to laws,, as well as transla-tions of statutes, of nations that regu-late private ownership of satellitedishes and their laws, if any, regard-ing scrambled satellite signals

A survey of foreign governments thatextend judicial review for veterans'claims

An overview of major industrializednations that disallow a businessexpense deduction for tariffs on im-ported products.

This sampling does not begin to illustrate thespectrum of questions received from Congress, orthe volume. In fiscal 1986, for example, nearly

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Law Library

six thousand congressional telephone inquirieswere received in the Law Library offices andclose to a thousand studies were completed.

In addition to providing extensive researchservices through the legal specialists in its fivelaw divisions, the Law Library also providesreference assistance to the Congress. The LawLibrary in the Capitol is the first contact for suchservice. In the course of fiscal 1986, 52 percentof the Senate offices, including cr mmittees, sub-committees, and other support units, wereprovided with telephone reference from theCapitol, and 61 percent received in-person assis-tance. A number of times copies of various legalmaterials were delivered directly to the floor ofthe Senate. On the House side, 79 percent of thesupport offices relied on the Law Library'sCapitol reading room for telephone referenceassistance and 71 percent were assisted in person.

A number of other government agencies andoffices sought assistance from the Law Librarythis year. To increase United States embassies'access to legal information, the State Departmentasked the Law Library to provide American postswith copies of laws, congressional documents,and bibliographies.

Work continued on requests such as one fromthe Department of the Army asking about crimi-nal procedure in Malaysia, another from theJustice Department seeking background informa-tion on crimes committed by Greek nationalsabroad, and a third from the Veterans Adminis-tration regarding recognition of foreign divorcesin Poland and the law dealing with vital statistics.

Assistance to other organizations may some-times entail long-distance travel. In June, RubensMedina, chief of the Hispanic Law Division,went to Costa Rica to participate in a meetingorganized by the United Nations Institute for thePrevention of Crime and Treatment of Offenders.This assignment called for an evaluation of alegal database being designed to cover statutory,judicial, and monographic criminal law sourcesfor all Central American nations. Tao-tai Hsia,Far Eastern Law Division chief, traveled to HongKong under the sponsorship of the United StatesInformation Agency to give a speech on legaldevelopments in the People's Republic of China

and a paper on judicial independence. Closer tohome, Dr. Hsia gave an orientation on Chineselaw to members of tie Copyright Office to helpthem prepare for a visit by a delegation from thePRC, and Austrian legal specialist Edith Palmerparticipated in a Congressional Research Ser-vice briefing given to Minister of Justice RolfKrumsiek of North-Rhine Westphalia, FederalRepublic of Germany, and several attorneys onhis staff.

Along with Research Services and CRS, theLaw Library participated in a Library ScholarsSeries in which representatives from the threedepartments each spoke on an aspect of the U.S.Constitution or on constitutional law in general.Kersi Shroff, British legal specialist, gave apresentation dealing with English constitutional

PUBLICATIONS AND SPECIAL PROJECTS

The Law Library produced six new publicationsthis fiscal year, Bi'oliografia delle Opere sulDiritto degli Stati Uniti in Lingua Straniera:.Sezione Italiana, by Marie-Louise H. Bernal andIvan Sipkov; The Codified Statutes on PrivateInternational Law of the Eastern EuropeanCountries: A Comparative Study, by Ivan Sip-kov; The Constitution of the Democratic People'sRepublic of Korea, by Sung Yoon Cho; Domini-can Republic: Divorce Law, by Armando E. Gon-zalez; Employee Invention Laws in VariousEuropean Countries, by members of the staff;and Foreign Investments and Taxation of For-eign Enterprises and Persons in Romania, byPetru Buzescu., The Bibliografia is the fourthinstallment in a series of bibliographies of workson United States law in foreign languages.

Again in fiscal 1986, the American-BritishLaw Division provided answers to referencequestions from numerous incarcerated and insti-tutionalized requesters.,

The Index to Latin American Legislation con-tinued to grow and to inspire interest in itsprogress from entities like the American BarAssociation and the Agency for InternationalDevelopment.. Both groups have been investigat-

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ing the possibility of sharing this uniqueresource with lawyers and judges worldwide.Statistics reveal that the Index had a net increaseof 19.4 percent in terms of items entered in 1986over the previous year's production figures.

Two special projects that had been sponsoredby the Law Library in fiscal 1985 won acclaim in1986. The publication Slavery in the Courtroom.by Paul Finkelman, was given the Joseph L.Andrews Bibliography Award by the AmericanAssociation of Law Libraries. The Law Libraryfilm Legacy of Law won a Council on InternationalNontheatrical Events (CINE) Golden Eagle Award.This honor enabled the film to be entered in anumber of international film festivals.

An exhibit entitled "Legal Classics" was in-stalled in time for the annual meeting of theAmerican Association of Law Libraries in Wash-ington in July. The exhibit drew upon sourcesfrom each of the five Law Library divisions andincluded such legal milestones as the FrenchCivil Code. Las Siete Partidas, Joseph Story'sCommentaries on the Constitution of the UnitedStates, and the Code of the Ch'ing Dynasty., Thepester for the exhibit was reproduced from thefrontispiece of a 1701 Amsterdam edition ofHugo Grotius's De Jure Belli ac Pacis., The bookitself was also on display.

ACQUISITIONS

The nearly 20 percent reduction in funds for lawbooks (from $666,000 in fiscal 1985 to $538,000in fiscal 1986) and the large proportion of thetotal obligated to continuations (83.3 percent)necessitated extreme selectivity in acquisitions..A special gift fund established in 1982 by theAmerican Bar Association in honor of the LawLibrary's 150th anniversary made possible theacquisition of a rare first French edition of Wil-liam Blackstone's Commentaire sur le CodeCriminel Traduite de l'Anglais (Paris, Knapen.,1776. 2 volumes) and a 1794 Introductory Lec-ture to a Course of Law Lectures by James Kent.

Another unique acquisition is actually twobooks bound in one, Thomas de la ThaumassiereGaspard's Decisons sur les coutumes de Berry:,Livres V et VI ( Bourges, Mathiew Levez, 1675),

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which is bound with Anciens Arrets du Parte-ment, cornernant le Berry . . : communiquéspar Vyon D'Herouval (Bourges, M. Levez, 1675).The Law Library also discovered a very unusualitem in its collection, the first imprint on theattempted assassination of a president (AndrewJackson). It is entitled Shooting at the President:,The Bernal kable Trial of Richard Lawrence foran Attempt to Assassinate the President of theUnited States (1835).

Other materials added to the Law collectionsthis fiscal year included a considerable numberof microforms. Among the major additions were:,Old Bailey Proceedings (G' eat Britain), 1714-1834; fifty-six reels of microfilm covering fifty-six volumes of materials from the Great Court ofJudicature Old Supreme Court (Japan) 1885-1921; Vietnamese communist legal materialshoused at the Harvard Law School Library; andComplete Oral Arguments of the Supreme Court(United States), 1969-1982, In all, the LawLibrary shelflisted 801 microfilm reels (the equi-valent of 4,005 volumes) and 18,690 microfichecards (equivalent to 3,115 volumes)., The staffprepared 4,010 pieces for microfilming preser-vation from the Law collection,

In keeping with an ever-present Law Libraryneed to retain complete holdings, the Seoul Na-tional University was extremely helpful in send-ing copies of individual issues of Korean legalperiodicals that were not in the collection, Dur-ing the year, the Law Library received 116 previ-ously missing issues.

Khanh P. Nguyen, Vietnamese legal special-ist, visited the Ecole Franca'se D'Extrome Orient,the Bibliotheque Nationale, and some Viet-namese book dealerQ while on a trip to Paris inJuly. She was able to arrange for the acquisitionof new Vietnamese legal materials for the LawLibrary., Similarly, Edith Palmer was able to lo-cate missing Austrian materials in Vienna.

ORGANIZATION AND PERSONNELCHANGES

The Processing Section was renamed the Collec-tion Services Office in August. The new title

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Law Library

more accurately reflects the scope and custodialresponsibilities of the office, which had carriedthe "section" designation with it from the LawLibrary's days in the Jefferson Building. In mov-ing to the new quarters in the Madison Build-ing in 1981, the Processing Section took onadded duties that had been performed by staffwithin the divisions beforehand. In the newenvironment it was far more efficient to consoli-date these functions in the Processing Section,and now the identification "office" finally indi-cates the expanded role.

In mid-January, after several mediation ses-sions, a collective bargaining agreement for theLaw Library was signed with AFSCME Locals2477 and 2910. The contracts became effectiveon June 30, 1986.

Since the hiring freeze instituted in July 1985continued, only two new Law Library employeeshave been hired On September 30, 1986, a totalof fifteen and a half positions were vacant.

In May, after thirty years of federal govern-ment set . ce, Polish legal specialist TadeuszSadowski retired. Stephen S. Katich who hadjoined the Law Library in 1981 as the Yugosla-vian legal specialist, died while attending ameeting in his native Yugoslavia on June 21,1986.

PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITIES

Members of the Law Library staff participated ina number of professional meetings during theyear. Some went great distances, like IvanSipkov, who attended the International Associa-tion of Law Libraries (IALL) meeting in Japan.Other staff members remained in Washingtonand took an active part in the AALL annualmeeting held here in the summer. Among thespeakers on the convention program was CharlesMwalimu, African legal specialist, who spokeon African law and legal systems. RobertaShaffer, special assistant to the Law Librarian,cochaired the preconvention institute, "Our Na-tional Resources," along with Prof. Anita K.Head of the George Washington University LawLibrary, The chief of the Near Eastern and Afri-

can Law Division, Zuhair Jwaideh, attended theannual meeting of the Middle East Studies Asso-ciation of North America and the jointly heldmeetings of the Middle East Librarians Associa-tion and African Studies Association.

Attending processional association meetings isbut one of the ways in which the Law Library staffmade a substantial contribution to various profes-sional organizations. Rubens Medina served onthe Board of Editors of the Index to Foreign LegalPeriodicals, a publication of the AALL. IvanSipkov, European Law Division chief, wasreelected to the Board of Officars of the IALL.Marlene McGuirl, chief of the American-BritishLaw Division, was chairwoman of the AALLCopyright Committee. Roberta Shaffer served asthe chairwoman of the Committee on Internation-al Plecements, also of AALL.

Law Library staff members proved to be pro-lific contributors to publications outside of theLibrary. Ivan Sipkov and George Glos, assistantchief of the European Law Division, each con-tributed chapters for the Modern Legal :".vstemsCyclopedia.; Marlene McGuirl and Robert Gee,Law Library reference librarian, coauthored anarticle on the comparative legal treatment ofAIDS in Britain, Australia, and the United Stateswhich appeared in a symposium issue of theHofstra Law Review. Petri) Buzescu, Romanianlegal specialist, published an article entitled"Foreign Bank Operations in Switzerland" in theInternational Lawyer, for which he receivedrecognition from members of the Swiss FederalBanking Commission,

At the raquest of the American Bar Associa-tion's Standing Committee on the Facilities ofthe Law Library of Congress, staff members pre-pared an article on the Law Library for the Sep-tember issue of Syllabus, This particular issuewas devoted to law libraries and distributedwidely to faculties at American Bar Association-accredited law schools.

COLLECTION ACCESS AND ORGANIZATION

Processing Services' subject catalogers beganapplying the Class K schedules (KKGKKY) for

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the individual jurisdictions of Europe. effectiveApril 21, 1986. The jurisdiction Turkey, origi-nally located in the alphabetical listing of theNear East, was ultimately classed in Europe, andGibraltar, first included in Europe, was classedwith the offshore islands of Africa. This changewas decided upon because Gibraltar requires theapplication of a common law table, whereas theonly table used for Europe is civil law.,

After seeking the opinions of Roman lawscholars around the world, the Library adminis-tration agreed that Roman law would beincluded in the European schedules. There hadbeen a charged intellectual debate concerning itsplacement there or as a separate schedule. As aresult of this decision, the schedules for all ofEurope, except the Soviet Union, were ready forapplication in May.

As a consequence of the introduction of theClass K schedules tor Europe, there was a signifi-cant reduction in the number of foreign legaltitles classed "LAW.," Evidence of the effect ofthe new schedules is found in the 26 percentdecline in the number of "LAW volumes ghelf-listed in fiscal 1986 a total of 5,104 as com-pared to 6,881 in fiscal 1985. Another result ofthe application of these schedules was therelocation of major segments of the foreign lawholdings.

By early spring, the MARC Editorial Divisionhad completed input of the Carrollton Press"LAW" records into LC PREMARC files. Over244,800 legal titles not previously found in otherLibrary based bibliographic files were therebymade available for searching in both MUMS(PREMARC) and SCORPIO (LC.CC) files. Com-pletion of this project supplemented the morethan 68,000 records already in MARC format.

During the fiscal year, 1,734,310 items werereceived in the Law Library and 2,223,431 loose-leaf inserts and 28,900 pocket parts were filed.United States Courts of Appeals records andbriefs accumulated during the year at a steadyrate, totaling 599 boxes or 36,299 items thatrequired sorting and shelving. The receiptsof serial pieces and official gazettes totaled178.628, a 6 percent increase from the fiscal1985 totals. The Law Library staff filled

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1,114,524 requests for materials from LawLibrary Reading Room patrons, for use in theLaw Library study areas, in the five law divi-sions, and fir intralibrary loan. Another 8,660items were provided to the Loan Division and524 to the Photoduplication Service.

Despite the voluminous flow of materials pass-ing from shelves to users, the "Not-on-shelf" ratefor Law Library materials was 15 percent. The13,030 "NOS" items represented a 10 percentdecrease compared to last year's 4,468.

Although the law stack areas house an over-whelming proportion of the law collection, effi-cient use of materials in the Law Library ReadingRoom must be taken into consideration as well.Accommodation of the growing number of vol-umes retained there is a constant concern, andapplication of K schedules affects certain mate-rials housed in the reading room's open stacksjust as it affects the collections in the Law Li-brary's closed stack areas.

An additional reading room problem entailsreplacement of heavily Lsed resources that oftencasinot withstand the great stress put upon themby daily use. This year, through cooperationwith the Exchange and Gift Division of Process-ing Services, a majority'of the legal encyclopediavolumes and many American Law Reports werereplaced., The Senate Library donated two setsof the U.S. Reports and the U.S. Statutes -at-Large. which were also needed.

By September, after a busy year of rearraning the reading room collection, replacementolder paper issues with microforms, and reconsideration of periodical holdings in the readingroom, the Law Library issued a new version ofits Locator. Its purpose is to facilitate readingroom use, but it also stands as a testimony to thehard work performed by the staff in maximiz-ing space and minimizing user frusta E.tion,

g-f

Conclusion

In fiscal 1986, a new Library of Congress Regu-lation was issued on the Law Library. A reviewof the new regulation in its historical contextshows that the basic mission of the Law Library

Law Library

has not changed significantly since its creation basic responsibilities have expanded dramati-in 1832. However, the work of the Law Library cally just since the last regulation revisions inand the tools that are required in meeting its 1967.

10585

Copyright Office

The Copyright Office registered 560,212 claimsin fiscal 1986, an increase of 21,047 (3.9 percent)over the 539,165 registered in fiscal 1985. The1986 total constituted the largest number ofclaims ever received in a single year, continuingthe pattern of increasing workload that the Copy-right Office has experienced every year since fis-al 1982: The office's success in managing this

workload was all the more remarkable since theGramm-Rudman-Hollings reduction of $726,000in the office's operating budget led to a 6 per-cent decrease in staff, from 532 to 500 people.

The most significant factor contributing to theincreased numbers of claims registered was theCopyright Office In-Process System (COINS),from which the office reaped a number of bene-fits:. dramatic gains in productivity in thereceipt, recordation, and fiscal examination pro-cesses; faster processing of claims due to elimi-nation of an entire workstation in the registrationprocess; creation of an on-line record of allclaims received; and cons.ant availability of on-line information to assist manage7s in planningfor workload fluctuations and increases.

Visitors

A ten-person delegation from the People's Repub-lic of China spent three weeks during the monthof May in the Copyright Office. They toured theoffice, heard lectures by experts within the officeand from outside, and met with publishers andother copyright industry officials in New YorkLi Qi, Assistant Director of the National Copy-right Administration, headed the delegation. Inpreparation for the visit, Mr. Shen Rengan.Deputy Head of the Copyright Study Group of thePublishers Association of the People's Republic,visited the Copyright Office in December.

Elaine Y. Abrao. Legal Adviser to the Minis-try of Culture in Sao Paulo. Brazil. visited the

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Copyright Office for several weeks in July to con-duct research as a Fulbright Program grantee.

Members of the American Association of LawLibraries' Copyright Committee visited the officeJuly 7 for briefings about the office's plans andactivities by the Register and several divisionchiefs..

Appointments

Michael Pew was named associate register formanagement on August 4, A native of London,he joined the Copyright staff in 1974 and wasappointed associate register of copyrights in1980 and associate register for automation in1983.

Peter Young was appointed chief of theCataloging Division in October. He came to theLibrary of Congress in 1980 as a customerservices officer in the Cataloging DistributionService and was assistant chief of the MARCEditorial Division before coming to the Copy-right Office.

Orlando Campos was appointed chief of theReceiving and Processing Division in July. Ilecame to the Copyright Office in 19E6 to head theFiscal Control Section, where he worked untilhe was appointed assistant chief of the divisionin 1974.

Retirement

Waldo Moore retired as associate register ofcopyrights for special programs in June. Mr.Moore had served the Copyright Office andLibrary with distinction since joining the staffin 1351. Before his appointment as associateregister in 977. Mr. Moore had served as assis-tant chief of the Examining Division and thenas chief of the Reference Division.

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Copyright Office

Examining Division Lecture Series

The Examining Division continued its "Viewfrom the Other Side" lecture series designed tobroaden the horizons of Copyright Office staff,Speakers included Harvey Winter of the StateDepartment. who spoke about the interactionbetween that department and the CopyrightOffice; Carol Risher of the Association of Ameri-can Publishers. who spoke about book piracy;Paul Brier, a composer, who writes music forpublishers and network television; Robert Oster-berg. a New York attorney, who presented a lec-ture with recordings of music plagiarism claimsthat have been filed in the courts; RichardReimer, Senior Attorney in the legal departmentof ASCAP. who spoke on the history and mis-sion of ASCAP as well as on copyright infringe-ment: and Charles Butts. Director, CorporateContract and Copyright Administration, atHoughton Mifflin Co.. who spoke about theimportance of copyright to publishers,

Labor/Management Working Group

The Labor/Management Working Group(LMWG). consisting of the associate register formanagement, the chief and assistant chief of theInformation and Reference Division, andrepresentatives from both AFSCME locals.focused on planning and implementing sugges-tions from the satellite groups on ways of im-proving communication between those groupsand the LMWG.

Several aiions were decided upon: each satel-lite group elected one person to serve as a liai-son to the LMWG: these representatives meet atleast once monthly to report the activities of theirrespective groups, exchange information, andseek clarifLation, assistance, and guidance or,a wide variety of issues. The liaisons also serveas conduits in getting the opinions of their con-stituency back to the LMWG on many issues ofofficewide interest or concern.

The LMWG surveyed the staff to get employeeopinion on projects and priorities the LMWGcould pursue during the remainder of the year.

The survey contained questions on both in-dividual and officewide considerations.

As a result of the survey responses receivedfrom nearly two hundred staff members. theLMWG received approval from the Register andOperations Group to act on several suggestions.Specifically. supervisors began attending theoperations meetings on a rotational basis.reaffirmed the policy that minutes from theOperations Group meetings should be circulatedto all supervisors, began publishing summariesof those minutes in Copyright Notices, andbegan planning a "State of the Office" meetingat which the Register will address the entirestaff. One of the most successful innovations wasthe establishment of a series of "brown baglunches" for the Register and staff.

Mereiers of the LMWG were invited to sharethe Copyright Office s:iccess story with membersof the American Public Works Administrationin Canada, at a National Conference on Excel-lence in Public Management at the Universityof Maryland. at the Equal Employment Oppor-tunity ComnItssioa, and at seminars sponsoredby the American Productivity Center. In addi-tion, several representatives of federal agenciesvisited the Copyright Office to learn how theoffice's consultative management program isdesigned. The visitors included representativesof the Federal Aviation Administration and theDirector of the Office of Management andBudget.

King Research Report

King Research. Inc.. has concluded its cost-benefit study of copyright formalities. Commis-sioned in October 1981, one goal cr the study.which focused particularly on the motion pic-ture and textile industries, was to comparecopyright transactions occurring under the U.S.copyright system with those occurring in nationswhose copyright systems have fewer or no for-malities. The study also contributed to theongoing examination of ways in which U.S.adherence to the Berne Conventionan impor-tant international copyright convention to which

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Report of The Librarian of Congress., 1986

this country is not a party might require elimi-nation or modification of some of the copyrightformalities, such as the use of copyright notice.deposit, and registration.

King studied the practices and laws operatingin Great Britain, France. and Sweden in themotion picture and fabric: design industries.

King interviewed key copyright experts andpersonnel within the two industries and alsocompiled a questionnaire to survey U.S. copy-right attorneys and industry executives. The finalreport emphasizes several points: (1) Even ifcopyright protection is not dependent on formal-ities. European intellectual property markets arein no way "formality-free." (2) Mandatorydeposits build libraries. (3) Notice may be usedto comply with the Universal Copyright Conven-tion (UCC) and ensure copyright protection in theUnited States and other non-Berne countries.(4) Registration systems exist in Britain. Sweden,and France for some aspects of the motion pic-ture business and for fabric design. (5) Surveyrespondents in the United States favor the U.S.copyright system over foreign systems in everyaspect of conducting business and litigation.

South Korean Copyright Law

The Copyright Office was represented on anegotiating team that worked out the details ofa new Korean copyright law that will offer pro-tection to U.S. intellectual property in that coun-try. The Korean agreement, announced by theWhite House on July 21, includes a modern lawthat offers protection to traditional media andsoftware with limited compulsory licenses andadherence to the Universal Copyright Conven-tion. Also represented on the negotiating teamwere the Office of the U.S. Trade Representativeand the Departments of Commerce and State.

WORKLOAD AND PRODUCTION

Receiving and Processing Division

The Receiving and Processing Division emergedas a new organizational entity during fiscal

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1986. although its functions were not new to theCopyright Office. The new division has threesections: the Mail and Correspondence ControlSection, with an Incoming Mail Unit, Outgoingand Registered Mail Unit, and CorrespondenceControl Unit; the Fiscal Control Section, consist-ing of the Date Preparation and Recording Unitand the Accounting Unit; and Materials ControlSection. containing Materials Expediting UnitsI and II and the Registration Processing and Cer-tificate Production Unit.

The Copyright Office In-Process System(COINS) significantly affected the daily work ofthe division, as updating functions in the Regis-tration Processing and Correspondence Controlunits expanded. Some of the pressing problemsstill being addressed concern routing of mate-rials, registration numbering, and how to dealwith certain types of cases in the incompleteclaims/missing elements area.

The Division Satellite Group developed andis carrying out an interdivisional on-the-joborientation program for the staff.

Examining Division

Fiscal 1986 was a particularly trying and dif-ficult one for the Examining Division: risingreceipts coupled with budget cuts that resultedin loss of staff presented the division withunprecedented challenges. The staff respondedto this situation by forwarding ideas and sugges-tions for processing claims more efficiently, inaddition to performing extra work and absorb-ing the duties of vacant positions. As the work-load balance shifted, many staff members agreedto be detailed to other sections in the division..Working with the staff, the supervisors andmanagers continued to seek appropriate ways toreduce correspondence while maintaining anaccurate public record. Moreover, the staffworked to sharpen their awareness of the overallneeds of the Copyright Office, to actively fosterinterdivisional cooperation, and to volunteer helpwhere possible. As a result of these efforts on thepart of a dedicated staff, no serious backlogsremained at the end of the fiscal year.

Copyright Office

In the Literary Sections, the Database TaskGroup continued its work of drafting practicesand compiling statistics. The group produced aninformation leaflet that was later issued as Cir-cular 65, Copyright Registration for AutomatedDatabases, and prepared a detailed paper deal-ing with group registration for automated data-bases.

Fiscal 1986 was the first full year of operationfor the Mask Work Unit, which has registeredclaims under the Semiconductor Chip ProtectionAct since January 7, 1985. In October 1985, thefirst set of "examining decisions" was approvedand made available to the public upon request;guide letters were adopted to handle recurringproblems. The unit completed registration for996 claims during the year. Receipts, however,totaled only 618 claims. Of the claims receivedthis year, only ten were refused registration. Sixof these had missed filing deadlines and fourwere de minimis (one was also not fixed in semi-conductor material). In its first year of operation,the unit had a 50 percent correspondence rate;in fiscal year 1986, the rate dropped to 16percent.

Information and Reference Division

With additional experience, staff in the divisioncontinued to find beneficial uses of the COINSsystem that were not originally envisioned. Forexample, during the second half of the year, aCOINS terminal was installed in the RecordsMaintenance Unit to provide the public withaccess to limited information about in-processregistration and recordation claims. In the Refer-ence and Bibliography Section and Certificationsand Documents Section, staff began using COINSto track the progress of work through the sections,making it possible to abandon labor-intensivemanual tracking systems and to provide status in-formation more quickly to the public..

Extensive attention was given to inventoryingthe copyright deposit collection and implement-ing deposit retention policies. The division pre-pared a comprehensive class-by-class inventoryof all deposits at the Landover and Federal

Records Center warehouses and documented,when possible, the disposition of materials nolonger in the Copyright Office's possession.Many published sound recordings were madeavailable to the Motion Picture, Broadcasting,and Recorded Sound Division, numerous paper-backs were sent to the Rare Book and SpecialCollections Division, and the division workedclosely with the Collections Development Officeto begin coordinating review of published per-forming arts materials. The division also coor-dinated the review and disposition of CopyrightOffice publications stored at Landover, in re-sponse to a request from the Depity LibrPrian.

Much effort was devoted to clearing out abacklog of unfiled copyright applications in theRecords Maintenance Unit., With the help of atemporary summer employee, the unit filed allpending applications and began planning for thereorganization of the applications stored in therecords room. A staff committee formed to deter-mine the best means of preserving the applica-tions made several field trips to study paperworkmanagement systems.

On December 23, the Records ManagementDivision officially became the Records Manage-ment Section in the Information and ReferenceDivision. The section is responsible for thepreservation activities of the Copyright Office,and its two units, the Deposit Copies StorageUnit and Records Maintenance Unit, are respon-sible respectively for maintaining and retrievingcopyright deposits and for maintaining and ser-vicing copyright applications.

The Gramm-Rudman-Hollings budget reduc-tions caused all parts of the division to examinepolicies and practices to determine changes thatcould result in financial savings. As a result, theReference and Bibliography Section and Certifi-cations and Documents Section ceased provid-ing free in-process searches for requests thathad been in the Copyright Office fewer thaneight weeks, and the latter section discontinuedits practice of automatically providing expe-dited search reports for inquiries received bytelephone.

The mailing list maintained by the Publica-tions Section was suspended, since the office

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could no longer afford extensive mailings ofannouncements and circulars. The office alsoadopted a policy of limiting the number of appli-cation forms and other publications sent to indi-vidual requestors. Large-volume remitters wereencouraged to photocopy application forms inaccordance with criteria developed by the office.

Cataloging Division

Fiscal 1986 was an exceptionally productive yearfor the Copyright Cataloging Division. Despitesignificant staff shortages and continued highlevels of receipts, the staff performed with profi-ciency, diligence, and competence. Major activi-ties and accomplishments of the division includesuspension of standards used in cataloger per-formance evaluations, improvements in thecurrency of document recordation, and establish-ment of new relationships with other divisions.

Although the division sustained a 3 percentcutback in personnel during fiscal 1986, produc-tion was up 5 percent and, by the close of theyear, the backlog had been reduced by 13 per-cent as compared with fiscal 1985.

The Cataloging Division participated in sev-eral projects and programs involving other Copy-right Office divisions in fiscal 1986. Workingunder the auspices of a standing interdivisionaltask force involving staff from th- Ir formaionand Reference Division and Cataloging Division,representatives made progress in reviewing theutility and importance of the various data ele-ments comprising the COPICS record. By theend of the year, plans were developed for a pro-gram involving the exchange of staff between thetwo divisions which will enhance the officewideperspective of the participants. On another front,staff from the Examining Division workedclosely with Cataloging Division staff and super-visors in developing new procedures for han-dling registrations referred from cataloging toexaminers for resolution of various problems.The implementation of new procedures for han-dling referrals will provide improved commu-nications and better coordination between thetwo divisions.

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Several automation projects and reviews dur-ing the year helped to clarify future plans forcataloging automated support systems. Auto-mated Systems Office work on defining thedesign for replacement serials subsystemrequirements will be incorporated into planningfor a future automated copyright cataloging sup-port system. Planning progressed this year ona pilot project involving the creation of catalogrecords for certain motion picture materials byExamining Division technicians. In addition, aCataloging Division satellite group committeecompleted work on defining requirements for anautomated log-in system to control and trackwork received and dispatched by the division.

Fiscal 1986 was an active and productive yearfor the Cataloging Division's satellite group. Inaddition to the communication and managementadvisory functions performed by the group, twospecial planning sessions were held to applygroup problem-solving techniques to issues fac-ing the division with the advent of budgetaryrestrictions. Discussions and projects thatresulted from these planning sessions focusedon various performance systems that incorporateboth quantitative and qualitative measurementmethods. In addition, the satellite groupplanned a series of divisionwide presentationsby Library staff members on work site environ-ment and the congressional budgetary process.

Deposits and Acquisitions Division

The transformation of the Deposits and Acqui-sitions Section of the Receiving and ProcessingDivision into a separate Deposits and Acquisi-tions Division became effective October 7, 1985.The division's two units, the Copyright Acqui-sitions Unit and the Compliance Records Unit,became sections. Its twofold mission, however,remained the same: acquisition of copyrightedmaterials for the Library's collections by enforc-ing compliance with the mandatory deposit pro-visions of the copyright law, and cataloging andrecording of material deposited under section407 of the copyright law, with subsequent trans-fer of this material to the Library's collections.

Copyright Office

As a result of the reorganization, the divisionchief gained greater access to those committeesof the Library where decisions regarding currentand future trends in acquisitions policies, bud-gets, and priorities are made. Such direct com-munications have paved the way for a moreefficient and effective response to the needs ofthe Library's custodial and administrative divi-sions, crucial in a year that witnessed seriousand far-reaching cutbacks in the Library's fundsand staff due to the Gramm-Rudman-HollingsAct.

The division continued to seek ways to be-come even more productive as its staff decreasedwhile the Library's need for using the copyrightlaw as a source of acquisitions increased.

A joint project with the Science and Tech-nology Division resulted in the receipt of mate-rial with a value of over $18,000. Numerousmicrofilm sets were acquired, the most notablebeing the Schonburg Clipping File, sets fromUniversity Publications of America, and Historyof Nursing. The division processed 563 MotionPicture Agreements during the year, three timesthe number processed last year, and the highestannual number processed under the new law.The Library received 670 titles in response torecalls under the agreements.

Licensing Division

One of the major challenges faced by the Licens-ing Division during fiscal 1986 was the cutbackin the division budget as a result of the effort tocomply with congressional budgetary goals. Thestaff of the division was called upon to developmore efficient methods for carrying out the mis-sion of the division by eliminating unnecessarywork procedures and by reducing operatingcosts where possible. Various steps were takento meet the reduced budgetary requirements,including discontinuing the public photocopyfile for certain cable forms, reducing the num-ber of cable communities for which cross-reference cards are prepared, reducing the quan-tities of forms printed (along with tightercontrols in distribution of forms to the public),

eliminating several forms, and not filling twovacant examiner positions and one recordsmaintenance clerk position. Congress recog-nized the separateness of the Licensing Divisionbudget from that of the Copyright Office's bystipulating in the appropriations bill that thebudget of the Licensing Division was to bederived from offsetting fees collected from thejukebox and cable television royalties.

The overall total number of jukeboxes licensedin calendar 1985 (99,908) represented a decreasefrom the total for 1984 (104,316)., The juke-box certificate was revised as a result of an agree-ment reached by the music performing rightsorganizations ASCAP, BMI, and SESAC andthe Amusement Music Operators Association(AMOA),

COPYRIGHT OFFICE REGOLATIONS

Cancellation of Registrations

On October 7, 1985, a final regulation was issuedregarding cancellation practices and procedures.Cancellation is an action taken by the CopyrightOffice to expunge an already completed regis-tration. The regulation gives the copyrightclaimant thirty days to present argumentsagainst cancellation when the proposed actionis based on substantive grounds.

Jukebox

On December 24, 1985, the Copyright Officeissued final regulations modifying the jukeboxcertificate in order to implement an agreementnegotiated between the Amusement and MusicOperators Association and the performing rightssocieties. Since 1978 the compulsory license hasbeen a source of contention between jukeboxoperators and music copyright proprietors. Con-gressional leaders urged the parties to resolvetheir differences through private negotiationrather than by seeking a revision of existingcopyright legislation. Following this advice, theperforming rights societies and AMOA suc-

in91


ceeded in reaching an agreement resolving someof their differences. One part of the agreementpermitted jukebox operators to transfer certifi-cates of recordation from jukeboxes not in serviceto those which are publicly performing composi-tions. The change in the regulation governing thecertificate advances this private agreement:

Deposit

On February 24, 1986, the Copyright Officeadopted final regulations amending the depositregulations. The amended regulations liberalize,clarify, or in limited instances expand the re-quirements. In addition, the Copyright Officeannounced the policy of applying strictly therequirement that in order to satisfy the depositprovisions of both 17 U.S.C. 407 and 408 thecopyright deposit must be "accompanied by" theprescribed application and fee.

On May 23, 1983, the Copyright Office pub-lished a notice of inquiry in the Federal Regis-ter requesting public comment on the depositof material containing trade secrets. The vastmajority of the responses were from members ofthe computer industry requesting special treat-ment for computer programs. At the end of thefiscal year, on September 3, 1986, the office pub-lished a proposed regulation providing for fouralternative deposits in the case of computer pro-grams containing trade secrets; these alternativesare calculated to permit examination of the claimby the Copyright Office without jeopardizingtrade secret protection,

Copyright Office Information

On August 22, 1986, amendments to regulation37 C.F.R. 201.2 concerning information givenby the Copyright Office were adopted as final,The amendments provide for public use of com-puter terminals accessing in-process files andpermit public inspection of the correspondencerelating to a rejected application even though thefile has been reopened and is in process whenthe request for inspection is received.

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On May 30, 1986, the Copyright Office pub-lished in the Federal Register a listing of its cur-rent systems of records, as required by thePrivacy Act of 1974. The addition of new sys-tems of records was necessitated by the registra-tion responsibilities imposed on the office by theSemiconductor Chip Protection Act of 1984.

Cable Television

On August 25, 1986, the Copyright Office issuedinterim regulations implementing the districtcourt decision in Cablevision Company v.Motion Picture Association of America, Inc. etal., Civ. No. 83-1655 (D.D.C. July 31, 1986). Thedecision invalidated the definition of "grossreceipts" that appeared in the Copyright Officeregulations, and held that the office must allowcable systems to exclude from the gross receiptsthey report to the office those revenues allocatedto the delivery of nonbroadcast signals. Since thedecision is under appeal, the interim regulationis intended to ensure that records are availablefor evaluation after the appeal process is con-cluded. Under the interim regulation, a cablesystem must also indicate whether it "allocated"in determining its gross receipts and must reportthe figure for the gross receipts as it would havebeen if the system had calculated it under theregulation found invalid by the district court.

Policy Announcements

Two policy announcements during the fiscalyear concerned fees. On January 6. 1986, theCopyright Office established a $200 fee for thespecial handling of a request to record a docu-ment. The fee for the special handling of theissuance of an import statement was fixed at $50when accompanied by a request for the specialhandling of an application Form TX (submittedwith its special handling fee of $200) or $100when the request is submitted alone., On Janu-ary 6, 1986, the Copyright Office also announcedthat in cases where additional certificates ofregistration have been requested but cannot be

Copyright Office

provided (usually because no such registrationexists) the fee will be retained to cover adminis-trative expenses.

In a policy announcement published in theFederal Register on January 7, 1986, the Copy-right Office waived its sixty-day refund limita-tion for cable systems that may have been misledby the instructions on Statement of AccountForm CS/SA-3. Under the law, cable systems fil-ing on Form CS/SA-3 were required to pay thelarger of the minimum fee or the base rate fee.The instructions on the form, however, impliedthe minimum fee was to be added to the base ratefee.

On January 8, 1986, the Copyright Office pub-lished a clarification of its mandatory depositrequirements with respect to foreign works pub-lished in the United States with notice ofcopyright. Under the law, all works publishedin the United States with notice of copyright aresubject to mandatory deposit for the use ofthe Library of Congress without regard to theirorigin. After studying the special circumstancesrelevant to foreign works, the Library of Con-gress declined to waive the mandatory depositrequirement with respect to them. It was notedthat a number of special accommodations havealready been made with respect to foreign works,and the procedures for requesting special reliefwould be further simplified.

On July 15, 1986, the Copyright Officeannounced the availability of a supplement tothe Motion Picture Agreeement in order toaddress the special needs of independent film-makers. The Motion Picture Agreement providesthat a motion picture deposited under section407 or 408 of the copyright law may be returnedto the depositor in exchange for an obligationto deposit upon request a best-edition copy ofarchival quality. Although the agreement hasworked well with the film community at large,independent filmmakers making ten or fewermotion picture prints and operating on a tightbudget experienced difficulty in satisfying thedeposit requirements. Under the supplement, anindependent filmmaker who has made no morethan ten prints of a motion picture may satisfythe deposit requirements by depositing a non-

returnable archival-quality y4-inch videotape.The Librarian of Congress has the option ofrequesting a best-edition film print within fiveyears after deposit of the videotape.

Two policy announcements were made dur-ing the fiscal year concerning administrativematters. On August 21 the public was givennotification of the discontinuation of a separateindex to documents received in compliance withsection 508 of the copyright law. On August 26the Copyright Office published notification thatit will no longer conduct free searches to ascer-tain the status of certain fee service requests thatare in process, nor will it give free expeditedservice to telephone requests for searches ofCopyright Office records.

On September 15, 1986, the Copyright Officepublished a notice of inquiry concerning theregistrability of colorization (colored versions)of black-and-white motion pictures. The purposeof the inquiry is to elicit public comment whichwill assist the office in developing practicesregarding colorization.

LEGISLATIVE DEVELOPMENTS

On October 30, 1986, Register of CopyrightsRalph Oman testified on S. 1739, the Ho=Audio Recording Act, before the Senate Sub-committee on Patents, Copyrights, and Trade-marks. The bill would remunerate copyrightowners for the widespread copying of protectedaudio works by requiring manufacturers andimporters of blank audio tape and audio record-ing equipment to pay a reasonable royalty feewhich would be distributed among those copy-right owners whose works are being reproduced.

In November the Register gave testimonybefore the House Subcommittee on Courts, CivilLiberties, and the Administration of Justice insupport of H.R. 3108, a proposed amendment tothe Copyright Act of 1976, which makes it clearthat low-power television signals come withinthe "local service area of a primary transmitter"as defined in section 111. When the amendmentpassed both Houses of Congress it also includedlanguage that made technical changes in the

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Copyright Act eliminating the notice of identityand notice of change requirements in section111. The bill was signed into law by PresidentReagan on August 27, 1986, as P.L. 99-937.

Several bills were introduced concerning thescrambling of satellite signals. The SatelliteTelevision Open Market Act of 1986, S. 2702,was introduced by Sen. Albert Gore, Jr., to re-quire cable programmers to establish reasonablestandards for third-party distribution of servicesby independent distributors. Sen. Dale Bumpersalso introduced a bill, S. 2666, to require theFederal Communications Commission to studythe encryption of television programming andensure the availability of encrypted program-ming for private viewing under competitive mar-ket conditions. Another bill concerned withfairness in access to encrypted programming,H.R. 5442, was introduced by Rep. Bill Alex-ander. This bill would amend the Communica-tions Act of 1934 to clarify viewing rights tosatellite-transmitted television programming.Individuals would have the right to receivedecoded programming upon compliance withmarketplace prices, terms, and conditions andcould petit'on the Federal Communicationscommission if denied access to programming.

eking another route to solve the scramblingaccess dilemma, Sen. Wendell Ford and Rep.Mac Sweeney introduced companion bills, S.2290 and H.R. 3989, to amend the Commu-nications Act to prohibit the encoding ofsatellite-transmitted television programminguntil decoding devices are available at reason-able prices. Finally, H.R. 6572, providing for anew compulsory license for satellite carriers,was introduced by Reps. Robert Kastenmeier,Mike Synar, Timothy Wirth, Frederick Boucher,and Carlos Moorhead. The bill would amend theCopyright Act to provide for a temporary com-pvlsory license for the secondary transmissionby satellite carriers of superstations for privateviewing by earth station owners.

In the wake of Quincy Cable TV, Inc., v.F.C.C., 768 F.2d 1434 (D.C. Cir. 1985), strikingdown the FCC's "must carry" rules, several billswere introduced to encourage cable carriage oflocal television broadcast signals. Rep. Barney

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Frank's bill,. H.R. 3843, was almost identical tohis earlier version, H.R. 3339, which wouldabolish the compulsory license in section 111 ofthe Copyright Act and, subject to some exemp-tions, grant the copyright owner exclusive rightsin secondary transmissions. The bill would alsoamend the Communications Act of 1934 to with-draw the FCC's authority to establish rules relat-ing to the retransmission of television broadcastsignals, and likewise limit the authority of stateand local governments to do the same. Sen. PaulTrible and Rep. John Bryant introduced compan-ion bills, S. 1881 and H.R. 3807, to amend theCommunications Act to encourage cable systemsto carry all local television signals. The billswould also require that a system with thirteenor more channels carry all local stations withinthe cable system's local service area to be entitledto a compulsory license. However, cable systemswould not be required to carry more than onestation affiliated with the same national commer-cial television network.

The manufacturing clause was scheduled toexpire on July 1, 1982, but legislation that yearextended it to July 1, 1986. This fiscal year, fivemanufacturing clause bills were introduced.Sen. Howard Metzenbaum and Reps. BarneyFrank and Kenneth Gray introduced, respec-tively, S. 1938, H.R. 3465 and H.R. 4696, andH.R. 3890, which would permanently extend theclause but make no substantive changes in it.Sen. Strom Thurmond's bill, S. 1822, wouldmake the manufacturing clause far more restric-tive, prohibiting all foreign manufacture of"printed material" of U.S. works unless certainconditions were met. Mr. Oman testified on theproposed manufacturing clause legislationbefore the Senate Subcommittee on Patents,Copyrights, and Trademarks on January 2, 1986,and before the House Subcommittee on Courts,Civil Liberties, and the Administration of Justiceon June 4, 1986. None of the bills passed, andthe manufacturing clause passed from thecopyright law on July 1, 1986:

Mr. Oman also testified on March 19, 1986,before the House Subcommittee and on April 9,1986, before the Senate Subcommittee in oppo-sition to two bills, H. R. 3521 and S. 1980, that

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would make source licensing mandatory in syn-dicated television production: Currently allperformance rights to syndicated television pro-grams, except music performance rights, areconveyed to broadcasters when they licensethe programs. Music performance rights areobtained separately by the broadcasters, usuallyby securing a blanket license from the perform-ing rights societies. Under the proposed legis-lation, program producers would clear all musicperformance rights at the time the program wascreated, eliminating the need for the broad-casters to secure a music performance license toperform the work.

On April 8, 1986, the staff of the CopyrightOffice, at the request of Sen. Charles McC.,Mathias, Jr., Chairman of the Senate Subcommit-tee on Patents, Copyrights, and Trademarks, andin cooperation with the subcommittee staff, pre-pared a draft discussion bill and commentarydesigned to permit U.S. adherence to the BerneConvention. The documeri served as a point offocus for witnesses at a hearing held by theSenate subcommittee on April 16, 1986, regard-ing the matter. On June 28, 1986, President Rea-gan transmitted the Berne Convention to theSenate with a view to receiving the advice andconsent of the Senate to accession.,

A "work made for hire" bill, S. 2330, intro-duced by Sen. Thad Cochran, would narrow thescope of the employment relationship and sub-stantially limit those classes of works that canbe specially ordered or commissioned. No hear-ings were held on the bill.

International protection of U.S. works con-cerned the 99th Congress, as several trade billswere introduced, conditioning trade benefits onprotection of U.S. intellectual property rights.As part of a comprehensive strategy proposed bythe President's Trade Strike Force, companionbills, S. 2525 and H.R. 4808, were introducedby Sen Strom Thurmond and Rep. HamiltonFish, Jr., which would encourage internationalresearch and innovation by protecting intellec-tual property, notably mask works. These billswould make it easier to bar imports, by eliminat-ing the requirement under section 337 of theTariff Act of 1930 that injury to a U.S. industry

be demonstrated, and would seed determina-tions by the International Trade Commission:Rep. Ben Erdreich also introduced a trade bill,H.R. 4585, which is almost identical to H.R.4808. S. 2435, introduced by Sen.. Pete Wilson,would eliminate the requirement of proof ofinjury to an existing domestic industry for reliefto be obtainable under section 337. S.2435would also establish an Office of Enforcementwithin the Office of the U.S. Trade Representa-tive to monitor protection of U.S. intellectualproperty rights. Similarly, Rep. Robert Kasten-meier introduced H.R. 4747 to speed determi-nations by the International Trade Commissionin section 337 cases. S.1860, introduced by Sen.John Danforth, includes acts which would bepresumptively violative of section 337. H.R.4312, introduced by Rep. Bill Frenzel, wouldlikewise amend section 337 of the Tariff Act tolist specific acts which would be deemed to beunfair and injure or impair the establishment ofan industry in the United States. Sen. JohnChafee introduced S. 2663 to correct the imbal-ance in technology transfer between the UnitedStates and other countries. The bill would makereciprocal access to technology a bilateral andmultilateral objective of U.S. trade negotiationsand a specific objective of the new round of talkson the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade.Rep. Hamilton Fish. Jr., introduced H.R. 4070,which would modify the antitrust 'aws toencourage the licensing and other use of certainintellectual property. Rep. Vic Fazio introducedH.R. 3813, which would permit the U.S., TradeRepresentative, in the most extreme cases ofviolations of U.S. trade laws, to deny copyrightprotection to foreign nationals of an offendingcountry. H.R. 3776, a catch-all trade bill intro-duced by Rep. Carlos Moorhead, would prohibitthe importation of products made overseas inviolation of U.S. process patents; amend section337 to allow U.S. intellectual property ownersto obtain cease-and-desist orders against theimportation of infringing products without firstshowing &Image to a U.S. industry; strengthenpatent owners' ability to effectively licensepatents and efficiently transfer technology; andgive ten years of copyright-like protection for the

95

115


ornamental design of useful articles. Rep. JohnDingell's bill, H.R. 3777, would make the impor-tation of infringing articles a per se violation ofsection 337 and require an International TradeCommission decision in section 337 cases withinsix months. Finally, S. 2842, introduced by Sen.John Danforth, would prevent the pirating ofprerecorded music by encouraging the use ofcopy-code scanners on digitC. audio tape record-ing machines. The bill, intended to preserve thestatus quo until Congress can consider a com-prehensive response to the home taping issue,would require the installation in new taperecorders of an electronic chip called a copy-code scanner that can prevent the copying ofcopyrighted recordings encoded with an inaudi-ble signal.

Two bills that would provide "moral rights"and "droit-de-suite" protection to visual artistswere introduced this fiscal year. Sen. EdwardKennedy introduced S. 2796 to amend the Copy-right Act to prevent the distortion, mutilation,or other alteration of pictorial, graphic, andsculptural works and to provide for resale royal-ties. H.R. 4366, introduced by Rep, ThomasDowney, would give the copyright owner theexclusive right to display visual works publiclyand privately, as well as a royalty on the resaleof such works.

Bills seeking alternative federal funding forthe arts and humanities and addressing the ques-tion of compensation for not-for-profit lendingof works were also introduced, 5.1264, intro-duced by Sen, Dan Quayle, would require theComptroller General to conduct a study to deter-mine alternative sources of federal funding fothe arts and humanities. One of the sources tobe considered would be a revolving fund throughextension of the copyright period and paymentto the federal government for the right to use orpublicly perform works in the public domain.The Comptroller General would be required toconsider the impact that implementation of asupplemental funding mechanism would haveon any international copyright treaties, commit-ments, and obligations to which the UnitedStates is a party.. The measure was enacted asP.L. 99-194 on December 20, 1985. The Register

96

of Copyrights is named in the legislation as oneof the officials with whom the ComptrollerGeneral is directed to "frequently consult andseek advice, concerning the scope, direc-tion, and focus of the study ." Sen. CharlesMcC. Mathias, Jr., introduced a bill, S. 658, thatwould establish a commission to considerwhether compensation for the lending of workswould promote authorship in the United Stateswithout adversely affecting the reading public.Rep. Robert Kastenmeier introduced the com-panion measure, H.R. 5571, in the House ofRepresentatives.

Reporting to Congress

A series of "consultations" between the office andvarious library associations, publishers, authors,and other interested parties is leading off prelim-inary work on the library photocopying reportdue to Congress in January 1988. Assistant Reg-ister Anthony P. Harrison chairs the CopyrightOffice committee responsible for preparing thisreport; other members are policy planningadvisers Chris Meyer and Marybeth Peters andInformation and Reference Division chief Wins-ton Tabb. Under section 108(il of the 1976 Copy-right Act, the Register of Copyrights is requiredto report to Congress at five-year intervals on theextent to which section 108 of the act whichpermits certain reproduction of copyrightedworks by libraries is achieving a balancebetween the rights of creators and the needs ofusers..

JUDICIAL DEVELOPMENTS

Copyright Office Litigation

In Cox Cable Tucson Inc. v, David Ladd, 795V. 2d 1479 (9th Cir., 1986), a cable companysought to have . section 201.17(h)(9) of theCopyright Office's cable compulsory licenseregulations held invalid. That regulation, whichimplements the Copyright Royalty Tribunal's1982 rate adjustment, provides that cable sys-

116

Copyright Office

terns may substitute distant signals at thenon-3.75 percent rate pursuant to section308(c)(2) of the CRrs regulations only if the sub-stitution does not exceed the number of distantsignals which was or would have been allottedto the cable system under the Federal Commu-nications Commission's former distant signalcarriage quotas. In opposition to this regulation,plaintiff argued that a cable system should beable to carry its market quota of distant indepen-dent signals and also be able to substitute sig-nals of the same type (that is, independent,network, or noncommercial educational) at thenon-3.75 percent rate for grandfathered signalsthat the system was carrying or would have beenable to carry under the FCC's former rules. Coxargued that such substituted signals are "per-mitted" signals under the FCC's former rules, andthus their carriage should be subject to the rele-vant non -3.73 percent royalty rate under theCRrs rate adjustment. The district court upheldthe validity of the Copyright Office's regulation.However, on appeal, before reaching the issueof the validity of the regulation, the Ninth Cir-cuit dismissed the action for lack of the plain-tiff's standing to bring its legal argument. Thecourt determined that Cox's predecessor cablesystem in Tucson had failed to secure the properauthorization to carry the five signals at issue inthe case under the FCC's regulatory scheme ineffect before March 31, 1972, and thus the sig-nals were never grandfathered under the FCC'sregulations in effect on June 24, 1981. The courtconcluded that Cox was not "arguably within thezone of interest to be protected" under the copy-right regulation at issue, and it reversed andremanded the case to the district court withdirection to dismiss the action.

In Cablevision Company v. Motion PictureAssociation of America, Inc., and consolidatedcases, 231 U.S.P.Q. 203 (D.D.C. 1986), the courtfound invalid the Copyright Office's definitionof "gross receipts for the basic service of provid-ing secondary transmissions of primary broad-cast transmitters" under section 201.17(b)(1) ofits cable compulsory license regulations. TheCopyright Office's definition provided that cablesystem operators could not deduct from the gross

117

receipts for a tier of cable service an amount pur-porting to represent the charge for nonbroadcastservices on the tier where the nonbroadcast ser-vices are not priced separately but are offered incombination with retransmitted broadcast sig-nals for a single fee. The court rejected plaintiffCablevision's argument that "basic service" is thelowest tier of service offered by a cable televi-sion system to which all subscribers are requiredto subscribe before they can subscribe to anyadditional tiers of service, and that onlyrevenues from that lowest tier should beaccounted for as "gross receipts" in determiningroyalties under the cable compulsory license. Onthis point, the court agreed with the copyrightowner defendants that section 111 requires thereporting of all revenues attributable to bothlocal and distant broadcast signals. However, thecourt found the Copyright Office's regulationunfair, because the court concluded that sincethe cable systems have negotiated for a licenseto transmit the nonbroadcast signals, it amountsto "double payment" if any revenues attributableto nonbroadcast signals are not excluded fromcalculation of the cable compulsory licenseroyalty. In reaching this conclusion, the courtfound it beyond its own province to "dictate thespecific method of calculating the royalties to bepaid." The Copyright Office was ordered toamend the definition of "gross receipts" in sec-tion 201.17(b)(1) of its regulations to conform tothe court's ruling. The case has been appealedto the Court of Appeals for the District ofColumbia.

The Second Circuit in The Authors League ofAmerica, Inc., v. Oman, 790 F. 2d 220 (2d Cir.1986), affirmed the district court's decision thatthe manufacturing clause of the copyright lawdoes not unconstitutionally infringe plaintiff'sfirst amendment rights. The manufacturingclause, the court notes, contains a number ofexceptions, including one which allows a cer-tain number of copies to be imported withoutrestriction; further, authors have the option ofabandoning copyright and importing as manycopies as they wish; therefore the author's rightto circulate ideas is not unconstitutionallyaffected. The court also held that the manufac-

97

Report of The Libraiar of Congress, 1986

turing clause does not violate plaintiffs NthAmendment rights if distinctions thereir. are"rationally related to legitimate legislative objec .

tives." Here the court found the legislature's care-fully considered goal was to encourage the useand growth of the domestic printing industry.Third, plaintiff argued that in order to exercisepower validly, Congress must relate its legisla-tive goal to the purposes of the copyright clause.In the court's opinion, however, the copyrightclause was not the only constitutional sourceof congressional power; the manufacturingclause could just as well be based on Con-gress's authority to regulate trade with foreignnations.

In Ladd v, Law & Technology Press, 762 F.2d809 (9th Cir. 1985), plaintiffpublisher of a legalperiodical subject to the deposit requirementschallenged the constitutionality of the depositprovisions of the copyright law which requirethe deposit for the use of the Library of all workspublished in the United States with notice ofcopyright. After losing in the court of appeals,plaintiff ,,ought to have the Supreme Court hearthe case, In March the defendant's petition forcertiorari was denied, bringing to a close a caseof great importance to the Copyright Office andthe Library of Congress.

In Kiddie Rides U.S.A.. Inc. v, Curran, Civ.,No. 85-1368 (D.D.C. June 23, 1986), plaintiff,a manufacturer of children's rides, brought suitagainst the Register of Copyrights, seeking tohave the court reinstate certain registrations thatthe Copyright Office had canceled. Earlier. in anIllinois lawsuit, plaintiff had brought a copyrightinfi ,ngement action against other defendants.Those defendants made inquiry to the CopyrightOffice about the effect of omission of notice onpublished works; thereafter, on the basis of therecords retrieved from its files, the office deter-mined that the registrations in question shouldnot have been made. It therefore canceled thegroup of registrations made by plaintiff for vehi-cles used for children's amusement park ridesThis action against the Register grew out of thesecancellations. Subsequently, the office reconsid-ered the procedure followed in the cancellationsand reiastated the registrations for the purpose

98

r

of giving plaintiff a period of time to explainwhy the registrations sl ould not be canceled.Since the reinr'.atement , endered the case moot,the action against the olTica was dismissed, Thecourt, however, awarded costs and attorney'sfees to the pla;atiff as the prevailing party, underthe Equal Access to Justice Act. 28 U.S.C.2412(d).

In February the Register of Copyrights enteredMulti-Planar Diagnostic Imaging, Inc. v. Colum-bia Scientific Incorporated and Ralph Oman,Civ. No.. 85-3598 (D.D.C.) as defendant-intervenor under section 411(a). The office hadrefused to register plaintiffs format for diagnos-ing computed tomography, known as "catscans," on the theory that the diagnostic toollacked copyrightable authorship and was noth-ing more than a system for interpreting theimages. Plaintiff requested and was granted atransfer of venue to a district court in C lifornia,and the office has filed an answer to the trans-ferred case.

Another case in which the Copyright Officehad intervened under section 411(a), BrandirInternational Inc. v. Columbia Cascade TimberCo., Civ. No., 84-144 (S.D.N.Y.), involves aribbon-shaped bicycle rack in which the Copy-right Office refused to register a claim to copy-right on the ground that it contained noseparable copyrightable features independentfrom the shape of the utilitarian ra-:: itself.The court agreed with the office and grantedthe defendant's motion for summary judg-ment,

John Muller & Co., Inc. v. David A. Schoen-stadt NHL Civ., No. 85-2463WM (8th Cir. Sept.3,.1986), was appealed to the Eighth Circuit afterthe district court granted the Copyright Office'smotion for summary judgment on the copyrightclaim. The Copyright Office had refused toregister the New York Arrows Soccer Team logoon the ground that it lacked sufficient author-ship to support a claim to copyright., On Septem-ber 3, 1986, the court of appeals affirmed thedistrict court's grant of summary judgment onthe ground that the Register of Copyrights actedwithin his discretion in refusing to register thelogo,

Copyright Office

Subject Matter of Copyright

At issue in West Publishing Co. v. Mead DataCentral, Inc., 799 F. 2d 1219 (8th Cir. 1986), isthe right of Mead Data Central (MDC) to includethe page numbers from West's National ReporterSeries in MDC's LEXIS database. While Westgranted that first page citations were fair use, itobjected to MDC's star par ination, maintainingthat its copyrighted arrangement in each volumewould be infringed if each page number andpage break were captured in LEXIS's database.The trial court concluded that plaintiffs arrange-ments are probably copyrighted and that LEXIS'sstar pagination would probably infringe itscopyright. Affirming, the court of appeals heldthat West's arrangement is a copyrightable aspectof its compilation of cases, that its paginationexpressed its arrangement, and that MDC's in-tended use infringed that arrangement. The affir-mance by the appellate court was supportedwith some analysis of case law, but the court,noting that it might see the case again, acknowl-edged that the standard review at this time wasmerely whether the trial court abused its discre-tion in granting the preliminary injunction.

In Toro Company v. R&R Products Co., 787F.2d 1208 (8th Cir. 1986), plaintiff below ap-pealed the trial court's judgment that its partsnumbering system is uncopyrightable. Tom, inconnection with its manufacture of lawn caremachinery, manufactured and sold replacementparts. Defendant, who also sold replacementparts, primarily advertised through its catalog,which listed plaintiff's parts and its own, bynumber, using plaintiffs number preceded by anR. The appellate court disagreed with the trialcourt's reasons but affirmed the result. The courtof appeals questioned whether the plaintiffswork was uncopyrightable because it was a sys-tem, as the lower court had held. The court ofappeals decided, however, that Toro's compila-tion of part numbers was uncopyrightablebecause it lacked sufficient originality. Plaintiffswitnesses testified that numbers were assignedarbitrarily or randomly, The assignment of num-bers "without rhyme or reason" amounted to nomore than an accidental marriage of a part and

a number. The court added that by contrast apart numbering system using some sort ofmeaningful pattern would be an original work.

Whelan Associates, Inc. v. I aslow DentalLaboratories, Inc., 230 U.S.P.Q. 481 (3d Cir.1986), upholds the district court's finding thatdefendant's computer program infringes plain-tiffs program by copying its structure and orga-nization. Plaintiff produced a computer programfor defendant's IBM Series I computer after con-ducting extensive research on businesses in thearea. Seeing a potential market for a similar pro-gram for personal computers, defendant devel-oped and began to license ;uch a program. Thedefendant argued that it had not copied thesource or object code of plaintiffs program buthad merely taken plaintiffs idea for developingsoftware for dental laboratoric.s. The court dis-agreed. In response to appellant's arguments thatneither the source codes nor the object codes ofthe original and allegedly infringing copies weresubstantially similar, the court held that copy-ing of the literal elements of a computer programis not required to find infringement, but thatcopyright also protects the program's structure,sequence, and/or organization. The court foundthat the idea/expression dichotomy does not bara finding of substantial similarity in the pro-gram's overall structure.

In NEC Corp. v. Intel Corp., Civ. No.C84-20799 (WAI) (N.D.Cal. Sept. 22, 1986), thecourt refused to hold that Intel's copyright inmicrocode was invalid. Intel counterclaimed forcopyright infringement. The district court basedits ruling that microcode is copyrightable on itsconclusion that microprograms are a set of state-ments used directly or indirectly to bring abouta certain result and thus fall within the statutorydefinition of a computer program. As such, thecourt held microprograms protectible as literaryworks. The court noted that placement in thecontrol section of the computer did not cause themicrocode to become a functioning part of thecomputer.

In M. Kramer Manufacturing Co., Inc. v.Andrews, 783 F.2d 421 (4th Cir. 1986), plain-tiff sued a former distributor for copying its com-puter program and audiovisual display of its

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Report of The Librarian of Congress,, 1986

videogame. The audiovisual elements of thisversion of Kramer's game, entitled Hi Lo Dou-ble Up Joker Poker, consisted of a split screenand a flashing card display., The court of appealsfound that plaintiffs additions and modificationsand their arrangement were not merely "trivial"but were "strikingly different and plainlydiscernible to the most casual observer." The cir-cuit court also held that the district court erredin not permitting the plaintiff to introduce thecomputer program to prove copying of theaudiovisual elements. Although the computerprogram and the videogame were separatelycopyrightabie, the computer program was a copyof the audiovisual game because the computerprogram represents the fixation of the video-game. The court ruled that copyright in theaudiovisual display protects not only the audio-visual game but also the underlying computerprogram to the extent the program embodios thegame's expression.

In Hogan v. Macmillan, Inc., 789 F2d 157 (2dCir. 1986), the question whether photographscan infringe choreography was presented to theSecond Circuit. The district court had decidedthat publication of Macmillan's book aboutGeorge Balanchine's ballet The Nutcracker couldnot be preliminarily enjoined as infringing. Inconcluding that the sixty-three photographsfrom the New York City Ballet production "didnot take or use the underlying choreography,"the district court said that the "flow of the steps"could not be reproduced in the photographs;therefore the photographs could not infringe thechoreographic work. The court of appeals foundthe district court applied too narrow a standardto the alleged infringement, declaring that it isnot necessary to be able to recreate a work to findan infringement. The court held that the appro.oriate test was substantial similarity. Macmillanargued that the essence of choreography ismovement and that since the photographs didnot capture the movement, the photographscould not be ...t-tantially similar to Balanchine'sNutcracker. AdditionPlly, Macmillan pointedout that the Balanchine work was itself a deriva-tive work, based substantially on a previous ver-sion now in the public domain, and urged that

100

since plaintiff's registration certificate showedno limitation of the claim, the registrationshould be declared invalid. The court of appealsremanded the case to the district court, acknowl-edging that these issues should be investigated.

In Donald Frederick Evans & Associates, Inc.v.. Continental Homes, Inc., 785 F.2d 897 (11thCir. 1986), plaintiff's architectural firm appealedthe trial court's recision that, although defen-dant copied plainfiff's advertisements, its copy-right infringement claim failed because the fiveworks had been published without notice. TheEleventh Circuit affirmed. Four of the five workshad been published in a newspaper withouttheir own notice of copyright. The court pointedout that the copyright law requires advertise-ments to carry separate notices of copyright,since they are not covered by the general noticeon the newspaper as a whole if submitted onbehalf of someone other than the owner of thecollective work. Twenty-five hundred copies ofthe fifth work had been published in advertis-ing folders without notice. Appellants assertedthat this amounted to a "relatively small num-ber" of the 100,000 copies distributed. Citing theSecond Supplementary Report of the Register ofCopyrights, 1975, the court said "a relativelysmall number," under 17 U.S.C. 405(a)(1) mustbe small in an absolute sense as well as in rela-tion to the size of the edition, The court foundthat under that test, omission of the notice from2,500 copies was not an omission from "a rela-tively small number."

In Rachel v. Banana Republic, Inc., 228U.S.P.Q. 416 (N.D. Cal. 1985), plaintiffs allegedcopyright infringement of its sculpted animalheads failed because copyright in the designswas forfeited by publication without notice ofcopyright. Plaintiff admitted that approximately39 percent of the animal heads had been dis-tributed without notice., With no difficulty, thecourt held this percentage to be more than a"relatively small number," and therefore theomission was not excused under 17 U.S.C.405(a)(1).

Hasbro Bradley Inc. v. Sparkle Toys, Inc., 780F.2d 189 (2d Cir., 1985) addressed the questionwhether an omission of copyright notice on pub-

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Copyright Office

lished copies may be cured within five years ifthe omission is intentional. Plaintiff. an Ameri-can company, became the American owner ofcopyright in certain Transformer toys created bya Japanese firm. Toys sold in japan before theassignment to plaintiff were intentionally pub-lished without notice. Plaintiff registered itsclaim to copyright within five years of the firstpublication in japan. All copies published byplaintiff in the United States bore notice ofcopyright. Defendant copied the design fromJapanese toys which had no notice. Plaintiffbrought suit for copyright infringement andobtained a preliminary injunction. The court ofappeals disagreed with a lower court decisionin Beacon Looms, Inc. v. S. Lichtenberg & Co..552 F. Supp. 1305 (S.D.N.Y. 1982) and con-cluded that intentional omission of the copyrightnotice is not outside the purview of the statu-tory provisions for cure. In this case, the courtsaid. "no violence is done to the statutory lan-guage by saying that the omission, thoughdeliberate on the part of the assignor or licen-sor, was discovered by the person later attempt-ing to cure it."

In Dennis W. Koontz v. Richard Jofforion, 787F.2d 906 (4th Cir, 1986). plaintiff developed andmarketed both a manual containing a compila-tion of data to facilitate bidding on electrical con-tracts and a computerized version of thisestimating system for electrical contracts. Onlythe manual bore a copyright notice. Defendantsmarketed a competing electrical estimating soft-ware system and were sued by plaintiff for copy-right infringement. The lower court foundplaintiff's copyright valid and infringed.Although the computer program bore no copy-right notice, the notice on the manual was suffi-cient to cover both the manual and the program.Noting scarce judicial authority for the "unit ofpublication" doctrine the court of appealsnevertheless affirmed, holding that a copyrightnotice affixed to one element of a publicationcontaining various elements gives copyright pro-tection to all elements of the publication.

In Hubbard Broadcasting Inc. v. Southern Sys-tems. Inc.. 777 F.2d 393 (8th Cir., 1985). plain-tiff sued Southern Satellite (Southern) and

Turner Broadcasting System, Inc. (Turner) inconnection with Southern's microwave retrans-mis::;un of WTBS. At issue is Turner's provisionof two signals containing the same programmingcontent, one a local broadcast signal with localadvertising and the other a microwave signalnat has national advertising that is transmittedonly to Southern for satellite transmission. Hub-bard. a competitor of WTBS for national adver-tising, alleges that Southern's carriage of WTBS'smicrowave signal under these circumstancesplaces Southern outside the passive carrierexemption of section 111(a) (3) of the CopyrightAct. exposing it to copyright liability. The cableprovisions of the copyright law exempt fromliability communications carriers that retrans-mit secondarily the primary transmission of alicensed television broadcast station if the car-rier has no direct or indirect control over the con-tent or selection of the primary transmission orover the particular recipients of the second-ary transmission. The court acknowledgedplaintiffs complaint that Southern's microwavelink enabled Turner to substitute commercialsbut held that Southern retransmitted whateverit received and thus had no control over content,The court of appeals affirmed the district court'sdecision. Hubbard has filed a petition for cer-tiorari in the Supreme Court,

INTERNATIONAL MEETINGS

During the first week of October 1985. policyplanning adviser Marybeth Peters served as amember of a U.S. fact-finding group from theInteragency Working Group on Intellectual Prop-erty. The group visited Ottawa to communicateits concerns about the absence of copyright pro-tection for U.S. programming retransmitted viacable systems-both broadcast and satellite -throughout Canada.

Assistant register of copyrights Anthony P.Harrison was one of three guest speakers at acopyright symposium held October 7-11, inCairo. The symposium was sponsored by theWorld Intellectual Property Organization(WIPO) and the Egyptian government,

121101


In November Register of Copyrights RalphOman served as head of the United States dele-gation to the WIPO meeting of governmentalexperts in Geneva, Switterland, to consider a pro-posed new treaty to protect the layout design ofintegrated circuits (mask works fixed in semicon-ductor chip products). General counsel DorothySchrader was a member of the delegation.

Policy planning adviser Marybeth Petersattended a UNESCO/WIPO Meeting of Govern-mental Experts on Model Provisions for NationalLaws on Publishing Contracts for LiteraryWorks. December 2-6. in Paris.

Policy planning adviser Chris Meyer visitedKorea in December as part of a U.S. 1 rade Repre-sentative delegation to discuss with the Koreansprotection for U.S. intellectual property in :dimproved patent protection.

Attorney-adviser Patrice Lyons was one of therepresentatives of the United States at a WIPOmeeting of the Committee of GovernmentalExperts on Model Provisions of National Lawscn Employed Authors in Geneva, January 27-31,1986.

Former Acting Register of Copyrights DonaldCurran and policy planning adviser Lewis Flacksserved as ex officio members of the Ad HocWorking Group on U.S. Adherence to the BerneConvention, which issued its draft report onJanuary 29. 1986. The report identified legalissues regarding the extent to which U.S. copy-right and other laws are compatible with theBerne Convention.

Mr, Oman accompanied Michael A. Kirk,Assistant Commissioner of Patents and Trade-marks. and Linda Maker, international econo-

102

mist for the International Trade Administration.to Jakarta, Indonesia, where they met with localexperts and conducted a seminar on the impor-tance of intellectual property protection, partic-ularly in the Third World.,

In late June Mr. Oman served as head, andgeneral counsel Dorothy Schrader as alternatehead, of the U.S. delegation at the second meet-ing convened by WIPO in Geneva to continuework on the draft international treaty to affordprotection for integrated circuits.

Mr. Oman spoke at the International Copy-right Seminar on Antipiracy sponsored by theMotion Picture Association of America, WIPO,the Andres Bello University, and the Venezue-lan government in Caracas in July:

In early September 1986, Mr. Oman served asa member of the U.S. delegation at a meeting ofWIPO's governing bodies in Geneva.. He spokeof the United States's desire to join the BerneConvention and attended the centennial celebra-tion of the Berne Convention in Berne.

In late September Mr. Oman presented a paperentitled "Protection of the Layout-Design ofIntegrated Circuits," at n round table on intellec-tual property matters of interest in Latin Amer-ica, sponsored by the Mexican government andWIPO.

Respectfully submitted,

122

RALPH OMANRegister of Copyrights andAssistant Librarian of Congressfor Copyright Services

Copyright Office

International Copyright Relations of the United States as of September 30, 1986

This table sets forth U.S. copyright relations of current interest with the other independent nations of the world.Each entry gives country name (and alternate name) and a statement of copyright relations. The followingcode is used:

Bilateral Bilateral copyright relations with the United States by virtue of a proclamation or treaty, asof the date given. Where there is more than one proclamation or treaty, only the date of thefirst one is given.

BAC

UCC Geneva

UCC Paris

Phonogram

SAT

Unclear

None

AfghanistanNone

AlbaniaNone

Party to the Buenos Aires Convention of 1910, as of the date given. U.S. ratification depositedwith the government of Argentina, May 1, 1911; proclaimed by the President of the UnitedStates, July 13, 1914.

Party to the Universal Copyrigi Convention, Geneva, 1952, as of the date given, The effectivedate for the United States was September 16, 1955.

Party to the Universal Copyright Convention as revised at Paris, 1971,; as of the date given.The effective date for the United States was July 10, 1974,

Party to the Convention for the Protection of Producers of Phonograms against UnauthorizedDuplication of Their Phonograms, Geneva, 1971, as of the date given. The effective date forthe United States was March 10, 1974.,

Party to the Convention Relating to the Distribution of Programme-Carrying Signals Trans-mitted by Satellite, Brussels, 1974, as of the date given. The effective date for the United Stateswas March 7,; 1985.,

Became independent since 1943. Has not established copyright relations with the United States,but may be honoring obligations incurred under former political status.

No copyright relations with the United States.

AlgeriaUCC Geneva Aug. 28, 1973UCC Paris !Lily 10, 1974

AndorraUCC Geneva Sept, 16, 1955

AngolaUnclear

Antigua and BarbudaUnclear

ArgentinaBilateral Aug. 23, 1934BAC April 19, 1950UCC Geneva Feb, 13, 1958Phonogram June 30, 1973

AustraliaBilateral Mar. 15,, 1918

UCC Geneva May 1,, 1969Phonogram June 22, 1974UCC Paris Feb. 28, 1978

AustriaBilateral Sept. 20, 1907UCC Geneva July 2,; 1957SAT Aug. 6, 1982UCC Paris Aug. 14, 1982Phonogram Aug. 21,; 1982

Bahamas, TheUCC Geneva Dec. 27,, 1976UCC Paris Dec. 27, 1976

BahrainNone

BangladeshUCC Geneva Aug. 5, 1975UCC Paris Aug. 5, 1975

BarbadosUCC Geneva June 18,, 1983UCC Paris June 18. 1983Phonogram July 29,, 1983

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BelauUnclear

BelgiumBilateral July 1, 1891UCC Geneva Aug. 31, 1960

BelizeUCC Geneva Sept. 21, 1981

Benin(formerly Dahomey)Unclear

BhutanNone

BoliviaBAC May 15,, 1914

BotswanaUnclear

BrazilBAC Aug. 31,, 1915Bilateral Apr. 2, 1957UCC Geneva Jan. 13,, 1960

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Phonogram Nov. 28, 1975UCC Paris Dec., 11, 1975

BruneiUnclear

BulgariaUCC Geneva June 7, 1975UCC Paris June 7,, 1975

Burkina Faso(formerly Upper Volta)Unclear

BurmaUnclear

BurundiUnclear

Cambodia(See entry under Kampuchea)

CameroonUCC Geneva May 1, 1973UCC Paris July 10, 1974

CanadaBilateral Jan. 1, 1924UCC Geneva Aug. 10, 1962

Cape VerdeUnclear

Central African RepublicUnclear

ChadUnclear

ChileBilateral May 25, 1896BAC June 14, 1955UCC Geneva Sept. 16, 1955Phonogram March 24,, 1977

China'Bilateral Jan. 13, 1904

ColombiaBAC Dec. 23, 1936UCC Geneva June 18, 1976UCC Paris June 18, 1976

ComorosUnclear

CongoUnclear

104

Costa RicaBilateral Oct. 19, 1899BAC Nov. 30, 1916UCC Geneva Sept. 16, 1955UCC Paris Mar. 7, 1980Phonogram June 17 1982

CubaBilateral Nov. 17, 1903UCC Geneva June 18, 1957

CyprusUnclear

CzechoslovakiaBilateral Mar. 1, 1927UCC Geneva Jan. 6, 1960UCC Paris Apr, 17, 1980Phonogram Jan. 15, 1985

DenmarkBilateral May 8, 1893UCC Geneva Feb. 9,, 1962Phonogram Mar. 24, 1977UCC Paris July 11,, 1979

DjiboutiUnclear

DominicaUnclear

Dominican RepublicBAC Oct. 31, 1912UCC Geneva May 8, 1983UCC Paris May 8, 1983

EcuadorBAC Aug. 31, 1914UCC Geneva June 5, 1957Phonogram Sept. 14. 1974

EgyptPhonogram Apr. 23,, 1978

El Saiv. dorBilateral June 30, 1908, by virtue

Mexico City Convention, 1902Phonogram Feb. 9,, 1979UCC Geneva Mar. 29, 1979UCC Paris Mar. 29,, 1979

Equatorial GuineaUnclear

EthiopiaNone

124

FijiUCC Geneva Oct. 10, 1970Phonogram Apr. 18, 1973

FinlandBilateral Jan. 1, 1929UCC Geneva Apr. 16, 1963Phonogram Apr. 18, 1973

eranceBilateral July 1, 1891UCC Geneva Jan. 14,, 1956Phonogram Apr. 18, 1973UCC Paris July 10, 1974

GabonUnclear

Gambia, TheUnclear

GermanyBilateral Apr.; 15, 1892UCC Geneva with Federal Repub-

lic of Germany Sept. 16, 1955UCC Geneva with German Demo-

cratic Republic Oct. 5, 1973UCC Paris with Federal Republic

of Germany July 10, 19'4Phonogram with Federal Repub-

lic of Germany May 18, 1974SAT Aug. 25, 1979UCC Paris with German Demo-

cratic Republic Dec. 10, 1980

GhanaUCC Geneva Aug. 22 1962

GreeceBilateral Mar. 1 1932UCC Geneva Aug 24. 1963

GrenadaUnclear

of Guatemala 'BAC Mar. 28, 1913UCC Geneva Oct, 28 1964Phonogram Feb, 1,, 1977

GuineaUCC Geneva Nov. 13,, 1981UCC Paris Nov. 13, 1981

Guinea-BissauUnclear

Copyright Office

GuyanaUnclear

HaitiBAC Nov.; 27; 1919UCC Geneva Sept. 16. 1955

Holy See(See entry under Vatican City)

Honduras 'BAC Apr. 27, 1914

HungaryBilateral Oct. 16, 1912UCC Geneva Jan. 23; 1971UCC Paris July 10, 1974Phonogram May 28, 1975

IcelandUCC Geneva Dec. 18, 1956

IndiaBilateral Aug. 15, 1P47UCC Geneva Jan. 21, 1958Phonogram Feb. 12, 1975

IndonesiaUnclear

IranNone

IraqNone

IrelandBilateral Oct. 1,; 1929UCC Geneva Jan. 20, 1959

IsraelBilateral May 15, 1948UCC Geneva Sept. 16, 1955Phonogiam May I 1978

ItalyBilateral Oct.; 31, 1892UCC Geneva Jan. 24, 1957Phonogram Mar. 24, 1977UCC Paris Jan. 25, 1980SAT July 7, 1981

Ivory CoastUnclear

JamaicaNone

Japan 'UCC Geneva Apr. 28, 1956UCC Paris Oct. 21, 1977Phonogram Oct. 14, 1978

JordanUnclear

KampucheaUCC Geneva Sept. 16, 1955

KenyaUCC Geneva Sept. 7, 1966UCC Paris July 10, 1974Phonogram Apr. 21, 1976SAT Aug. 25,, 1979

KiribatiUnclear

KoreaUnclear

KuwaitUnclear

LaosUCC Geneva Sept. 16, 1955

LebanonUCC Geneva Oct. 17, 1959

LesothoUnclear

LiberiaUCC Geneva July 27, 1956

LibyaUnclear

LiechtensteinUCC Geneva Jan. 22, 1959

LuxembourgBilateral June 29, 1910UCC Geneva Oct. 15,, 1955Phonogram Mar. 8, 1976

Madagascar(Malagasy Republic)Unclear

MalawiUCC Geneva Oct. 26, 1965

MalaysiaUnclear

MaldivesUnclear

125

MaliUnclear

MaltaUCC Geneva Nov. 19,, 1968

MauritaniaUnclear

MauritiusUCC Geneva Mar. 12, 1968

MexicoBilateral Feb. 27, 1896UCC Geneva May 12. ":57BAC Apr. 24, 1964Phonogram Dec. 21; 1973UCC Paris Oct. 31, L975SAT Aug, 25, 1979

MonacoBilateral Oct. 15, 1952UCC Geneva Sept. 16, 1955Phonogram Dec, 2, 1974UCC Paris Dec. 13,, 1974

MongoliaNone

MoroccoUCC Geneva May 8, 1972UCC Paris Jan. 28, 1976SAT June 30, 1983

MozambiqueUnclear

NauruUnclear

NepalNone

NetherlandsBilateral Nov. 20, 1899UCC Geneva June 22, 1967UCC Paris Nov. 30, 1985

New ZealandBilateral Dec. I, 1916UCC Geneva Sept. II, 1964Phonogram Aug. 13, 1976

NicaraguaBAC Dec. 15, 1913UCC Geneva Aug. 16, 1961SAT Aug. 25, 1979

NigerUnclear

105


NigeriaUCC Geneva Feb. 14, 1962

NorwayBilateral July 1, 1905UCC Geneva Jan. 23, 1963UCC Paris Aug. 7, 1974Phonogram Aug. 1, 1978

OmanNone

PakistanUCC Geneva Sept. 16, 1955

PanamaBAC Nov. 25, 1913UCC Geneva Oct. 17, 1962Phonogram June 29, 1974UCC Paris Sept. 3, 1980SAT Sept: 25, 1985

Papua New GuineaUnclear

ParaguayBAC Sept. 20, 1917UCC Geneva Mar. 11,, 1962Phonogram Feb. 13, 1979

PeruBAC Apr. 30, 1920UCC Geneva Oct. 16, 1963SAT Aug. 7, 1985Phonogram Aug. 24,, 1985

PhilippinesBilateral Oct. 21, 1948UCC status undetermined by

UNESCO. (Copyright Office con-siders that UCC relations do notexist.)

PolandBilateral Feb. 16, 1927UCC Geneva Mar, 9, 1977UCC Paris Mar, 9,, 1977

PortugalBilateral July 20,, 1893UCC Geneva Dec. 25, 1956UCC Paris July 30, 1981

QatarNone

RomaniaBilateral May 14, 1928

106

RwandaUnclear

Saint Christopher and NevisUnclear

Saint LuciaUnclear

Saint Vincent and the GrenadinesUCC Geneva Apr. 22, 1985UCC Paris Apr. 22, 1985

San MarinoNone

Sao Tome and PrincipeUnclear

Saudi ArabiaNone

SenegalUCC Geneva July 9,, 1974UCC Paris July 10, 1974

SeychellesUnclear

Sierra LeoneNone

SingaporeUnclear

Solomon IslandsUnclear

SomaliaUnclear

South AfricaBilateral July 1,, 1924

Soviet UnionUCC Geneva May 27, 1973

SpainBilateral July 10. 1895UCC Geneva Sept. 16, 1955UCC Paris July 10, 1974Phonogram Aug. 24, 1974

Sri Lanka(formerly Ceylon)UCC Geneva Jan. 25, 1984UCC Paris Jan.. 25, 1984

SudanUnclear

SurinameUnclear

126

SwazilandUnclear

SwedenBilateral June 1, 1911UCC Geneva July 1, 1961Phonogram Apr. 18, 1973UCC Paris July 10, 1974

SwitzerlandBilateral July 1, 1891UCC Geneva Mar. 30, 1956

SyriaUnclear

TanzaniaUnclear

ThailandBilateral Sept. 1, 1921

TogoUnclear

TongaNone

Trinidad and TobagoUnclear

TunisiaUCC Geneva June 19, 1969UCC Paris June 10,, 1975

TurkeyNone

TuvaluUnclear

UgandaUnclear

United Arab EmiratesNone

United KingdomBilateral July 1,, 1891UCC Geneva Sept. 27, 1957Phonogram Apr. 18, 1973UCC Paris July 10,, 1974

Upper Volta(See entry under Burkina Faso)

UruguayBAC Dec. 17, 1919Phonogram Jan. 18, 1983

Copyright Office

VanuatuUnclear

Vatican City(Holy See)UCC Geneva Oct: 5, 1955 Yemen (Aden)Phonogram July 18, 1977 UnclearUCC Paris May 6, 1980

VietnamUnclear

Western SamoaUnclear

VenezuelaUCC Geneva Sept: 30, 1966Phonogram Nov. 18, 1982

Yemen (San'a)None

YugoslaviaUCC Geneva May 11, 1966

UCC Paris July 10, 1974SAT Aug 25, 1979

ZairePhonogram Nov. 29, 1977For works other than sound re-

cordings, unclear

ZambiaUCC Geneva June 1, 1965

ZimbabweUnclear

' Effective June 30, 1908, this country became a party to the 1902 Mexico City Convention, to which the United Statesalso became a party effective the same date. As regards copyright relations with the United States, this convention is con-sidered to have been superseded by adherence of this country and thy United States to the Buenos Aires Convention of 1910.

Includes the people of Taiwan. In the absence of a domest;c copyright law in the People's Republic of China. the statusof works by these nationals is under study.

' For works other than sound recordings, noneBilateral copyright relations between Japan and the United States, which were formulated effective May 10. 1906, are

considered to have been abrogated and superseded by the adherence of Japan to the Universal Copyright Convention. Geneva.1952, effective April 28, 1956.

127 107


Number of Registrations by Subject Matter, Fiscal 1986

Category of material Published Unpublished Total

Nondramatic literary worksMonographs and machine-readable works 108,063 40,152 148,215Serials 130,000 130,000

Total 238,063 40,152 278,215

Works of the performing arts, includingmusical works, dramatic works, choreography andpantomimes, and motion pictures and filmstrips 36,808 119,498 156,306

Works of the visual arts, includingtwo-dimensional works of fine and graphic art, sculpturalworks, technical drawings and models, photographs,cartographic works, commercial prints and labels, andworks of applied art . 35,620 15,638 51,258

Sound recordings 10,706 18,374 29,080

Grand total 321,197 193,662 514,859

Renewals 45,353

Total, all copyright registrations 560,212

Mask work registrations 996

108

128

Copyright Office

Summary of Copyright Business, Fiscal 1986

Receipts Claims Fees

Copyright registrations at $10 540,449 $5,404,490Renewals at $6 48,814 292,884

Total fees from previous claims 589,263 5,697,374

Fees for recording documents 217,510Fees for certified documents 52,468Fees for search's made . 124,515Fees for import statements 1,737Fees for special handling 342,400Fees for registering mask works at $20 12,380Fees for 407 deposits at $2 736

Total fees exclusive of copyright registration claims 751,746

Total fees 6,449,120

Transfers

Fees transferred to appropriation 5,742,000Fees transferred to miscellaneous receipts 1,013,851

Total fees transferred 6,755,851

12a 109


Disposition of Copyright Deposits, Fiscal 1986

Category of material

Received forReceived for copyright

copyright registration Acquiredregistration and forwarded or depositedand added to other without

to copyright departments of copyrightcollection the Library registration Total

Nondramatic literary worksMonographs and machine-readable

works 103,535 168,015 12,175 283,725Serials 260,654 235,019 495.673

W nis of the performing arts,, includingmusical works, dramatic works,choreography and pantomimes, andmotion pictures and filmstrips 135,432 21,773 1,610 158,815

Sound recordings 2,118 485 19,437

Works of the visual arts, includingtwo-dimensional works of fine andgraphic art, sculptural works, technicaldrawings and models, photographs,commercial prints and labels, andworks of applied art 46,510 1.383 47 47,940

Cartographic works 186 4,379 1,232 5,797

Total, all deposits 302,497 458,322 250,568 1,011,387

110

130

Copyright Office

Estimated Value of Materials Transferred to the Library of Congress

Itemsaccompanying

copyrightregistration

Itemssubmitted fordeposit only

under 407

'totalitems

transferred

Averageunitprice

Total valueof items

transferred

Books 102,058 12,175 114,233 $17.20 $1,964,808Books, periodicals (for

Exchange and Gift) 104,904 46,315 151,219 2.27 343,267Periodicals 221,552 188,704 410,256 3.43 1,407,178Motion Pictures 10,200 674 10,874 ' 2,850,384Music 11,573 936 12,509 19.00 237,671Sound Recordings 2,118 485 2,603 12.60 32,798Maps 4,260 1,232 5,492 20.20 110,938Prints, pictures, and

works of art 988 47 1,035 12.10 12,524

Total 457,653 250,568 708,221 6,959,568

8.974 Video @ $216 001,900 Films @ $480.00

10,874

131111


Financial Statement of Royalty Fees for Compulsory Licenses for SecondaryTransmissions by Cable Systems for Calendar Year 1986

Royalty fees deposited $102,516,462.18Interest income paid on investments 9,850,173.52

Less: Operating costs 556,697.00Refunds issue -1 389,888.20Investments I. rchased at cost 111,386,926.69Copyright Royalty Tribunal cost for services 29,000.00

Balance as of September 30, 1986 ,

$112,366,635.70

112,362,511.89

4,123.81

Face amount of securities purchased 110,225,000.00

Cable royalty fees for calendar year 1985 available for distribution by theCopyright Royalty Tribunal 110,229,123.81

Financial Statement of Royalty Fees for Compulsory Licenses forCoin-Operated Players (Jukeboxes) for Calendar Year 1986

Royalty fees depositedInterest income paid on investments

$4,720,057.20400,564.77

$5,120,621.97

Less:, Operating costs 197,250.00Refunds issued 3,650.20Investments purchased at cost 4,794,630.74

4,995,530.94

Balance as of September 30, 1986 125,091.03

Face amount of securities purchased 4,308,000.00Estimated interest income due September 30, 1987 453,570.07

Jukebox royalty fees for calendar year 1986 available for distributionby the Copyright Royalty Tribunal 4,886,661.10

112

1 3 r). 4.

Copyright Office

Copyright Registrations, 1790-1986

District Library ofCourts I Congress 2

Patent Office '

TotalLabels Prints Total

1790-1869 150,000 150,0001870 5,600 5,6001871 12,688 12,6881872 14,164 14,1641873 15,352 15,3521874 16,283 16,2831875 15,927 267 267 16,1941876 14,882 510 510 15,3921877 15,758 324 324 16,0821878 15,798 492 492 16,2901879 18,125 403 403 18,5281880 20,686 307 307 20,9931881 21,075 181 181 21,2561882 22,918 223 223 23,1411883 25,274 618 618 25,8921884 26,893 834 834 27,7271885 28,411 337 337 28,7481886 31,241 397 397 31,6381887 35,083 384 384 35,4671888 38,225 682 682 38,9071889 0,985 312 312 41,2971890 42,794 304 304 43,0981891 48,908 289 289 49,1971892 54,735 6 6 54,7411893 58,956 1 1 58,9571894 62,762 2 2 62,7641895 67,572 6 6 67,5781896 72,470 1 11 12 72,4821897 75,000 3 32 35 75,0351898 75,545 71 18 89 75,6341899 80,968 372 76 448 81,4161900 94,798 682 93 775 95,5731901 92,351 824 124 948 93,2991902 92,978 750 163 913 93,8911903 97,979 910 233 1,143 99,1221904 103,130 1,044 257 1,301 104,4311905 113,374 1,028 345 1,373 114,7471906 117,704 741 354 1,095 118,7991907 123,829 660 325 985 124,8141908 119,742 636 279 915 120,6571909 120,131 779 231 1,010 121,1411910 10,074 176 59 235 109,3091911 115,198 576 181 757 115,9551912 120,931 625 268 893 121,8241913 119,495 664 254 918 120,4131914 123,154 720 339 1,059 124,213

113

133



District Library ofCourts ' Congress 1

Patent Office '

TotalLabels Prints Total

1915 115,193 762 321 1,083 116,2761916 115,967 833 402 1,235 117,2021917 111.438 781 342 1,123 112,5611918 106.728 516 192 708 107,4361919 113,003 572 196 768 113,7711920 126,562 622 158 780 127,3421921 135,280 1.118 367 1.485 136.7651922 138,633 1,560 541 2,101 140,7341923 148.946 1.549 592 2.141 151,0871924 162,694 1,350 666 2,016 164,7101925 165.848 1,400 615 2,015 167,8631926 177 635 1,676 868 2,544 18.1791927 184.000 1,782 1.074 2,856 186,8561928 193.914 1,857 944 2.801 196,7151929 161.959 1.774 933 2.707 164.6661930 172,792 1.610 723 2,333 175,1251931 164,642 1,787 678 2,465 167,1071932 151,735 1.492 483 1,975 153.7101933 137,424 1,458 479 1,937 139,3611934 139,047 1,635 535 2,170 141,2171935 142.031 1,908 500 2.408 144,4391936 156.962 1.787 519 2.306 159.2681937 154.424 1,955 551 2,506 156,9301938 166,248 1.806 609 2.415 168,6631939 173,135 1,770 545 2.315 175,4501940 176.997 1,856 614 2,470 179,4671941 180,647 180,6471942 182.232 182,2321943 160.789 160,7891944 169.269 169,2691945 178.848 178,8481946 202.144 202,1444t;47 230.215 230,2151948 238.121 238.1211949 201.190 201,1901950 210.564 210,5641951 200.354 200,3541952 203.705 203,7051553 218.506 218,5061954 222,665 222,6651955 224,732 224,7321956 224,908 224,9081957 225.807 225,8071958 238.935 238.9351959 241.735 241,7351960 243.926 243.926

114

13.1

Copyright Office


DistrictCourts '

Patent Office 'Library ofCongress' Labels Prints Total Total

1961 247,014 247.0141962 254.776 254.7761963 264.845 264.8451964 278,987 278.9871965 293,617 293.6171966 286.866 286.8661967 294.406 294.4061968 303.451 303.4511969 301.258 301.2581970 316.466 316.4661971 329.696 329.6961972 344,574 344.5741573 353.648 353.6481974 372,832 372.8321975 401,274 401.2741976 410,969 410 9691976 Transitional qtr. ' 108,762 108.7621977 452,702 452.7021978 ' 331,942 ' 331.9421979 429.304 429.0041980 464.743 464.7431981 471.178 471.1781982 468.149 468.1491983 488.256 488.2561984 502.628 502.6281985 539,165 539.1651986 560.212 560.212

Total 150,000 20.702.895 55,348 18,098 73,446 20.926.341

' Estimated registrations made in the offices of the Clerks of the District Courts (source pamphlet eniitled Records inthe Copyright Office Deposited by the United States District Courts i>xering the Period 1790-1870, by Martin A Roberts.Chief Assistant Librarian. Library of Congress. 1939)

1 Registrations made in the Library of Congress under the Librarian, calendar years 1870-1897 (source A nnuol Reportsof the Librarian). Registrations made in t he Copyright Office under the Register of Copyrights, fiscal years 1898-1971 (sourceAnnual Reports of the Register).

' Labels registered in Patent Office, 1875-1940: Prints registered in Patent Office. 1893-1940 (source memorandumfrom Patent Office. dated Feb. 13, 1958. based on official reports and computations)

' Registrations made July 1. 1976. through September 30. 1976. reported separately owing to the statutory change makmg the fiscal years run from October 1 through September 30 instead of July 1 through June 30

' Reflects changes in reporting procedure

133 115

Appendixes

136

Appendix 1Library of Congress Trust Fund Board

SUMMARY OF ANNUAL REPORT

MEMBERSHIP

Members of the Library of Congress Trust FundBoard during fiscal 1986 were:

Ex Officio

Daniel J. Boorstin, Librarian of Congress, Chair-man and Secretary.

James A. Baker, Secretary of the Treasury.Representative Frank Annunzio, Chairman of

the Joint Committee on the Library..

Appointive

Mrs. Mildred Lois Nichols Teas (term expiresMarch 9, 1990).

Flora Laney Thornton (term expires March 9,1988)..

A-2

MEETINGS AND ACTIVITIES OF THE BOARD

The board did not meet during fiscal 1986.Contributions of $6,678 were received from

Irvin McCreary ($5,000), H. K. Allen ($1,000),the University of Oklahoma Foundation, Inc.($500), and the State of Michigan ($178) to aug-ment the Raye Virginia Allen Trust Fund.

ACTIVITIES SUPPORTED BY FUNDS HELD BY THE BOARD

Income from funds held by the board was usedto support the Library's concert and literary pro-grams; to purchase books and library materialsrelated to the Walt Whitman Collection andAlfred Whit3l Stern Collection of Lincolnianafto commission three compositions of music; topublish The Music of Henry Cowell:, a Descrip-tive Catalog and the final three volumes of theworks of the American composer William Bill-ings; and to support the J., Franklin Jameson Fel-lowship..

137

Appendix 1

Summary of Income and Obligations '

Permanentloan account

Investmentaccounts Total

Unobligated funds carried forward from fiscal 1985 $756,033 $1,333,642 $2,089,675Income, fiscal 1986 392,267 291,428 683,695

Available for obligation, fiscal 1986 1,148,300 1,625,070 2,773,370Obligations, fiscal 1986 ,, 470,734 217,006 687,740

Carried forward to fiscal 1987 677,566 1,408,064 2,085,630

' See appendix 10 for a detailed statement on the trust funds, as well as for income and obligations from the Ger-trude M. Hubbard bequest

Appendix

Acquisitions and Acquisitions WorkTHE COLLECTIONS OF THE LIBRARY

Titles Volumes/itemsCategory 1985 1985

Classified Book CollectionsClass A (General Works) 75,772 362,544Class B-BJ (Philosophy) 133,265 215,889Class BL-BX (Religion) 337,054 485,195Class C (History, Auxiliary Sciences) 91,814 183,391Class D (History, except American) 623,595 897,789Class E (American History) 116,028 202,262Class F (American History) 185,742 324,028Class G (Geography, Anthropology) 293,630 296,113Class H (Social Sciences) 986,593 2,093,034Class J (Political Science) 213,664 647,537Class K and "LAW" (Law) 515,528 1,670,376Class L (Education) 182,278 408,909Class M (Music) 381,793 542,814Class N (Fine Arts) 242,075 339,256Class P (Language and Literature) 1,419,979 1,855,542Class Q (Science) 471,693 829,367Class R (Medicine) 200,769 343,192Class S (Agriculture) 154,073 339,268Class T (Technology) 508,470 990,783Class U (Military Science) 64,535 145,926Class V (Naval Science) 33,628 84,067Class Z (Bibliography) 213,246 500,349

Total classified book collections 7,445,224 13,757,631

Nonclassified CollectionsAudio material

DiscsRecorded sound collection 905,066Talking Books 12,033 14,303

Tapes and wiresRecorded sound collection 153,115Talking Books 13,474 14,020

Other recorded formats 5,228

Total audio material 1,091,732

ManuscriptsManuscript Division 35,501,191Music Division 318,468Other 334,438

Total manuscripts 36,154,097

A-4

139

Appendix 2

Titlesadded

Volumes/itemsadded

Titleswithdrawn

Volumes/itemswithdrawn Titles Volumes/items

1986 1986 1986 1986 1986 1986

1,276 5,125 19 19 77,029 367,6504,380 4,942 119 12 137,526 220,8198,933 12,003 160 12 345,827 497,1862,675 4,670 186 131 94,303 187,930

16,749 22,295 521 1,523 639,823 918,5611,633 2,629 71 96 117,590 204,7954,499 7,530 150 13 190,091 331,5454,923 8,055 115 48 298,438 304,120

30,451 51,411 897 1,322 1,016,147 2,143,1235,196 8,888 80 115 218,780 656,310

12,940 39,517 204 1,266 528,264 1,708,6273,877 6,676 64 48 186,091 415,5375,361 5,498 7 111 387,147 548,2017,820 11,062 966 2,193 248,929 348,125

31,300 39,007 1,228 6,521 1,450,051 1,888,02811,591 21,132 395 359 482,889 850,1406,237 8,637 259 75 206,747 351,7542,635 5,054 69 82 156,639 344,240

12,988 22,753 461 99 520,997 1,013,4371,498 2,776 31 20 66,002 148,682

618 1,197 22 11 34,224 85,2534,809 11,220 158 112 217 R17 511,457

182,389 302,077 6,182 14,;88 7,621,431 14,045,520

47.149 166 952,049306 306 12,339 14,609

8,620 161,7351,334 1,334 A4,808 15,354

90 90 5,318

57,499 166 1,149,065

54,456 33,989 35,521,6581,004 319,472

334,438

55,460 33,989 36,175,568

A-5

140


CategoryTitles1985

Volumes/items1985

Nonclassified CollectionsContinuedMaps (classified and nonclassified) 3,705,265 3,830,566

MicroformsMicrofiche 1 2,129,454 4,030,131Microfilm 1 417,017 1,760,903Micro-opaques 76,486 506,567

Total microforms 2,622,957 6,297,601

Print material/print productsBooks in large type 490 8,557Books in raised characters 5,909 59,195Incunabula , , 4,695 5,693Minimal-level cataloging (monographs and serials) 84,545 84,545Music . 3,573,374 3,694,256Newspapers (bound) , , 8,060 41,281Pamphlets 171,049 171,049Technical reports 675,023 1,398,679Other 3,031,781 6,619,819

Total print materials 7,554,926 12,083,074

Visual materialMotion pictures 85,562 325,127Photographs (negatives, prints, and slides) 8,795,056Posters 58,611Prints and drawings 253,475Videotape and videodisc 24,700 31,052Other (broadsides, photocopies, nonpictorial material,

photostats, etc.) 1,092,681

Total visual material 10,556,002

Total nonclassified collections 70,013,072

Grand total 83,770,703

A-6

' Includes newspapers, maps. and technical reports Large microfiche sets are reported as a single title.

Appendix 2

Titlesadded

Volumes/itemsadded

Titleswithdrawn

Volumes/itemswithdrawn Titles Volumes/items

1986 1986 1986 1986 1986 1986

39,913 39,913 8,151 8,151 3,737,027 3,862,328

193,193 355,398 5,690 5,690 2,316,957 4,379,83924,922 27,529 21,552 21,552 420,387 1,766,880

76,486 506,567

218,115 382,927 27,242 27,242 2,813,830 6,653,286

8 10 498 8,567438 876 6,347 60,071

4,695 5,69333,014 33,014 117,559 117,559

5,004 5,004 3,578,378 3,699,2601,151 1,151 6,909 40,130

8,166 8,166 161 161 179,054 179,05433,386 33,386 17,989 17,989 690,420 1,414,07627,572 27,572 3,059,353 6,647,391

107,588 108,028 19,301 19,301 7,643,213 12,171,801

2,225 5,881 87.787 331,00851,710 1,088 8,845,678

1,983 75 60,5193,845 257,320

8,387 9,220 33,087 40,272

9,788 15 1,102,454

82,427 1.178 10,637,251

726,254 90,027 70,649.299

1,028,331 104,215 84,694,819

A-7

142


RECEIPTS BY SOURCE, SEPTEMBER 30, 1986

Pieces, 1985 Pieces, 1986

By purchaseFunds appropriated to the Library of Congress

Books for the blind and physically handicapped 1,601,299 1,555,259Books for the Law Library 71,401 78,814Books for the general collections 776,601 759,085Copyright Office , , , 7,688 7,730Copyright OfficeLicensing Division 155 216Congressional Research Service 174,504 255,616Special Foreign Currency Program ' 115,185 119,367Salaries and expenses, Library of Congress

Reprints and books for office use , 5,205 5,374Microfilm of deteriorating materials 11,547 7,652Microfiche of deteriorating materials 23,744 30,651Motion pictures 158 388

Funds transferred from other government agenciesFederal Research Division , 56,231 44,762Other working funds - 101 104

Gift and trust fundsABA Rare Law Fund 3Center for the Book 19 24Childs Fund 250Documents Expediting Project 52Evans Fund 95 52Feinberg Fund 1Green Fund 836Gricena Fund 3Heinemann Fund 2 2Holmes Devise 20Hubbard Fund 1Huntington Fund 299 493Kegan Fund ,, 15Morrow Fund 1

A-8

143

Appendix 2

RECEIPTS BY SOURCE, SEPTEMBER 30, 1986Continued

Pieces, 1985 Pieces, 1986

Mumford Fund 3

Pennell Fund 4Rowman & Littlefield 1

Schwartz Fund 5 11Stern Fund 5 6Swann Foundation 61 8Time-Life Books 1

Various donors 48Whittall Foundation 1

Total ' 2,844,637 2,866,523

By government sourceLocal agencies - 749 499State agencies 125,3.5 120,577Federal documents (GPO jacket) 656,126 564,223Federal documents (agencies and non-GPO) , , , 166,990 160,597Copyright deposits 689,393 689,676Books for the adult blind 184 396

Total 1,638,967 1,535,968

By transfer from other government agencies 2,599,223 2,152,224

By gift 2,233,487 1,693,068

By exchangeDomestic 16,531 12,162Foreign and international exchange 472,322 497,636

Tota' 488,853 509,798

Total receipts 9,690,007 8,757,581

' Adjusted figure.

144A-9

Appendix 3Cataloging and Maintenance of Catalogs

CATALOGING AND CLASSIFICATION

1985 1986

Descriptive cataloging stageNew titles fully cataloged 227,929 215,871Titles recataloged or revised 5,472 21,162Name and series authorities established 221,769 262,626Name and series authorities changed 45,341 54,965Minimal level cataloged 36,726 34,174

Subject cataloging stageTitles classified and subject headed 178,345 190,429Titles shelflisted, classified collections 170,862 189,234Volumes shelflisted, classified collections 187,441 199,642Titles recataloged 4,486 6,447Subject headings established 8,369 7,077Class numbers established 4,090 3,794

Decimal classification stageTitles classified 123,737 114,884

Full level cataloging completed 183,954 190,857

RECORDS IN THE MARC DATA BASE

Total recordsSeptember 30, 1985

Net increase '1986

Total recordsSeptember 30, 1986

Books 2 2,188,897 169,008 2,377,905Visual materials 73,988 6,198 80,186Maps . 94,073 8,885 102,958Music 11,790 11,238 23,028Name authorities 1,416,145 259,625 1,675,770Serials . 279,986 52,706 332,692NUC 92,494 105,650 198,144

Total 4,157,373 633,310 4,790,683

' New records minus records deleted.'Includes full-level drid minimal-level records.

A-10

143

Appendix 3

SERIALS PROCESSING

1985 1986

Pieces processed 1,517,092 1,457,471Volumes added to classified collections 57,394 34,836

GROWTH OF LIBRARY OF CONGRESS GENERAL CATALOGS

Cardsin catalogs

September 30, 1985

New cardsadded1986

Total cardsSeptember 30, 1986

Main Catalog 24,946,F95 11,333 24,958,139Add-on Main Catal.g 2'29,630 21,674 251,304Official Catalog , , 29,054,551 3,132Add-on Official Catalog 1,529,732 2,100 2

Catalog of Children's Books 329,1.'0 329.170Far Easte:n Lanpages Catalog 1,444.617 37,889 1,482,526Add-on Pia. Eastern Languages Catalog 101,568 13,034 114,602Music Catalog , 3 447,75( 5,800 3,453,056Add-on Music Catalog 16,065 5,507 19,972National Union Catalog of Manuscript

Collections 83,586 83,586Law Library Catalog 2,410.53J 5,223 2,415,762Add-on Law Library Catalog .. ... . 17,162 2,300 19,462

Total 63,611,232 105,892

Redundant cards are being weeded from the Official Catalog The Subject portion of the catalog was removed in 1985.An exact total cannot now be determined.

The Add-on Official Catalog no longer existsWhen the weeding project is completed in the Official Catalog. a total figure can be supplied

146A-11


GRO;TH OF THE UNION CATALOG

1985 1986

CARDS RECEIVED FROM OTHER LIBRARIES

Pre-1956 imprints 1,028,000 239,122

Post-1955 imprints 4,040,835 2,323,179

CARDS IN AUXILIARY CATALOGS

Chinese Union Catalog 658,315 658,315Hebraic Union Catalog 677,737 681,837Japanese Union Catalog 844,861 844,861Korean Union Catalog 77,457 77,457Near East Union Catalog 152,471 159,397Slavic Union Catalog , 442,456 442,456South Asian Union Catalog 41,200 41,200Southeast Asian Union Catalog 22,512 22,512National Union Catalog: Pre -1956 imprints, supplement 2,066,997 2,196,847National Union Catalog: Post-1955 imprints 11,977,676 11,977,676

Total cards in auxiliary catalogs 16,961,682 17,102,558

A-12

147

Appendix 4Cataloging DistributionTOTAL INCOME FROM SALES OF MARC TAPES, CARDS, AND TECHNICAL PUBLICATIONS,

BOOKS, AND MICROFICHE CATALOGS

1985 1986

General .

To U.S. government librariesTo foreign libraries

$4,259,334.33171,915.88490.397 11

$4,683.853.58157,142.36582,031.60

Total gross sales before credits and adjustments .... 4,921,647.32 5.423,027.54

ANALYSIS OF TOTAL INCOMECard sales (gross) 1.062.364.89 1,011.687.03Technical publications.. ... . .. .. . 796,886 85 1,110,825.80Nearprint publications 131.848 50 180,386.85

Book CATAInc:sNational Union Catalog, including Audiovisual Materials and

Music, Books on Mush', and Sound Recordings 255.635.0(1 191,340.00Monographic Series 5.985.00 695.00New Serial Titles 678.264 00 634.873.00Subject Catalog ..... . .. .... .... .. 9.050.00 8.230.00National Union Catalog of Manuscript Collections. 76.885.00 89.580.00

MI( :Rol. ICHE CATALOCS

NUC Books... . ... 378,565.00 412.957 50NUC U.S. Books .. .... 23,337.25 22,850.00NUC AV Materials 51.582.00 54.215 00NUC Cartographic Materials. . ..... 33.938.00 .12,684.50

NUC Production Masters . .. . :34,299 64 42,678.38Register of Additional Locations. 73,910.00 66.680.00Name Authorities 287.570.00 300.495 00Subject Headings 164.760 00 172,865.00Books in English 340 00Children's Literature 70.00

MARC TAPES 806.766.19 1.089.574 4H

Total gross sales before credits and adjustments 4,921.647 32 5.423.027 54

148 A-13


ADIUSTMENT OF TOTAL SALESCreditreturns

U.S.government

discount

Cards $12.417.45 $4.249 94Technical publications 11,278.45 3,364.77Nearprint pet,::-.ations... 1,298.50 556.14

Book CATAILX ;S

Music and Sound Recordings... .... .. 1.135.00 78.18National Unior Catalog. etc.: . . . . .- . . . 94 18National Union Catalog of Manuscript

Collections 3,700.00 199.99New Serial Titles 3.390.50 2.367 72Subject Catalog. 935.30

MICROFICHE: CATALOGS ....NUC Books 4.365 00 894 04)NUC U.S. Books.. ......... ... 150.00 73.18NUC AV Materials 470.00 105 91NUC Cartographic Materials... 275.00 114 68Register of Additional Locations 180.00 175.01Name Authorities .-... ... 2,805.00 710.92Subject H e a d i n g s . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.370.00 509.06

MARC TAPE,~.. .. 13.240.00 469.10

Total 63,009.9(1 13,962.87

Total net sales.. .... . $5.346,054.77

CARDS DISTRIBUTED

1985 1986

Cards sold . 9.366.154 8.084.042

Other cards distributedLibrary of Congress catalogs.... 1.407,263 881,210Other accounts 8.503.983 7.256.865

Total .... . 9.911,246 8,138,075

Total cards distributed .. ..... . 19.277,400 16.222.117

A-14

14i

Appendix 4

CARD SALES, 1975 TO 1986

Fiscal year Cards soldGross

revenue Net revenue

1975 44,860.670 $2,741,596.05 $2,700,969.621976 39.821,876 2,618,271.74 2.561,223.69July 1-September 30, 1976 8,238,642 635,672.05 622,505.841977 30,799.708 2.109.878.24 2.050.860.001978 23.318.278 1.672.955.50 1.637.891.871979 22.555.290 1.614.497.43 1.581,388.921980 19,536.019 1347.513.12 1.314.485.281981 15,643.303 1,1' 0,886.97 1.094,625.801982 15.355.512 1.292.490.61 1.227,000.671983 13.098.980 1.158.914.23 1.132.018.121984 11.469.747 1.236,614.07 1,203,298.591985 9.366.164 1.062,364.89 1.044,273.561986 8.084.042 1.011,687.03 995,019.64

PRINTING OF CATALOG CARDS

1985 i86

NEW TITLES AVAILABLE FOR PRINTING:

Monographs .

MARC 257,434 264.559Non-MARC . .......... ... ... 2,770 3,7U9

Films 5,193 '365Maps , .. 9.220 12,799Sound recordings and sheet music. .. ..... 24.481 36.381Far Eastern languages. . .. .. .. . ........ 21.029 23.097Serials 458

Total , 320.585 340.910

None produced since November 1985Included in Monograph-

1t 0A-15

Reader Services'Appendix 5

Bibliographies prepared

NumberNumber ofentries

National ProgramsAmerican Folk life Center (Archive of Folk Culture) 7 1,490Children's Literature Center 2 387National Library Service for the Blind and Physically Handicapped 2 10 1,455

Total - 19 3,332

Research ServicesPerforming Arts LibraryAfrican and Middle Eastern Division 3 6,503Asian Division , , 17,893European Division 7 9,714Hispanic Division , 140 28,514Collections Management DivisionGeneral Reading Rooms Division 36 6,249Loan DivisionNational Referral Center 716Science and Technology Division 11 1,187Serial and Government Publications Division 3 1,267Geography and Map Division , 74 24,779Manuscript Division 1,290Motion Picture, Broadcasting, and Recorded Sound Division 2 31Music Division . 17 1,884Prints and Photographs Division 9 2,786Rare Book and Special Collections Division

Total 302 102,813

Law Library 620 24,935Law Library in the CapitolProcessing Services

Grand total-1988 941 131,082

Comparative totals-1985 844 121,9021984 807 124,8231983 689 130,7421982 473 99,471

' Not included here are statistics for the Congressional Research Service, which answered 433,666 inquiries for membersand committees of Congress in fiscal 1986.

2 See appendix 6 for additional statistics.Includes entries for continuing bibliographies.

A-16

Liii 151.

Appendix 5

Circulation of volumes and Direct reference serviceother units

For use withinthe Library Outside loans ' In person

Bycorrespondence By telephone Total

14,000 8,000 7,200 29,200579 374 1,025 1,978687 19,055 5,333 25,075

15,266 27,429 13,558 56,253

2,094 113 2,421 4,6289,879 1,883 11,823 1,651 16,281 29,755

64,356 2,812 15,343 1,089 31,807 48,23950,767 201 13,647 1,425 17,447 32,51927,165 6,309 15,536 3,603 55,635 74,774

611,600 17,312 11,954 4,335 33,601408,686 1,955 281,854 7,286 71,148 360,288

87,586 149,238 7,172 56,829 69,460 133,461682 6,974 1,563 9,219

8,274 30,551 4,677 10,421 45,649479,523 7,098 87,542 693 28,010 116,245103,712 540 14,244 1,825 10,389 26,458

61,078 1,714 10,692 4,421 9,747 24,86927,831 2,890 22,750 1,764 22,943 47,45753,532 688 10,336 3,126 9,554 23,01626,362 10,381 42,009 4,454 16,451 62,91426,478 5,761 1,065 7,214 14,040

2,046,829 149,238 589,348 112,949 384,826 1,087,123

1,114,524 554,575 3,479 107,865 665,91915,603 4,542 6,269 2,410 8,679

3,308 16,200 19,508

3,176,956 153,780 1,165,458 147,165 524,859 1,837,482

3,339,677 152,884 1,008,488 124,823 522,807 1,656,1183,196,537 163,312 931,980 138,175 562,421 1,632,5763,079,405 152,268 874,525 149,752 507,756 1,532,0332,840,050 118,456 751,857 98,670 436,927 1,287,454

' All loans except those made by the Law Library in the Capitol are made by the Loan Division, figures for other divi-sions (shown in italics) represent materials selected for loan

A-17

1.52

Appendix 6Services to the Blind andPhysically Handicapped

1985 1986

Purchase of sound reproducers 55,100 62,400

AcquisitionsBooks, including music

Recorded titles 1,626 1,659(containers) ' 1,533,100 1,509,500

Press-braille titles 334 404(volumes) ' 55,100 53,300

Hand-copied braille titles 140 94(volumes) 4,795 2,855

Cassette titles produced by volunteers 188 193Cassette titles produced at NLS/BPH ... ............ 88 101Commercial music recordings (containers). ,.. 1,420 1,075

Magazines, including musicRecorded titles 41 41

(containers) ' 5,832,400 5,613,100Press-braille titles 34 31

(volumes) ' 752,400 648,900Music scores

Press-braille titles 237 35(volumes) 973 243

Hand-copied braille masters 54 167Hand-copied braille volumes 128 473Large-type masters produced by volunteers . .. 6Large-type volumes produced by volunteers . . 6

' Includes materials deposited in network libraries

A-18 153

Appendix 6

1985 1986

Certification of volunteersBraille transcribers 128 183Braille proofreaders 8 8Tape narrators 10 5

CirculationRegional and subregional libraries

Recorded disc containers 11,220,400 10,755,300Recorded cassette containers 8,120,000 8,659,400Braille volumes 690,000 689,700

NLS/BPH direct service (overseas)Recorded disc books 3,100 3,800Recorded cassette books 7,000 11,000Braille books 300 400

NLS/BPH music direct serviceRecorded disc containers 300 200Recorded cassette containers 5,000 3,800Braille volumes 3,400 3,200Large-type volumes 1,500 1,200

Interlibrary loanMultistate centers

Recorded disc containers 21,100 20,000Recorded cassette containers 25,6J0 27,700Tapes (cassette and open-reel) 38,300 28,900Braille volumes 13,900 13,700

NLS/BPHRecorded disc containers 4,300Recorded cassette containers 4,500Braille volumes 500Duplication (cassette or open-reel) 800 900

154 A-19


1985 1986

ReadershipRegional and subregional libraries

Recorded disc 296,630 286,540Recorded cassette 343,810 369,460Braille 16,620 19,700

NLS/BPH direct service (overseas)Recorded disc 230 230Recorded cassette 400 420Braille 40 50

NLS/BPH music direct serviceRecorded disc 80 100Recorded cassette 5,160 4,770Braille 1,660 1,190Large-type 100 220

Appendix 7Photoduplication

Total1985

Total1986

Photostat exposures 6,083 4,774Electrostatic Prints

Catalog cards 21,185 5,271Other material 275,137 255,110

Negative microfilm exposuresBooks, etc.

Filmed at Library of Congress 7,481,321 6,600,946Filmed in New Delhi 872,878 822,404

Positive microfilm (in feet) 3,008,142 3,351,514Negative microfiche

Filmed in New Delhi 17,132 17,858Diazo (microfiche duplication) 159,984 103,033Enlargement prints from microfilm 592 206Photographic negatives (copy, line, and view) 6,805 7,649Photographic contact prints 16,446 15,089Photographic projection prints 10,104 10,002Slides and transparencies (including color) 4,205 4,043Black line and blueprints 1,013 1,418

156

A-21

Appendix 8Preservation and Restoration

1985 1986

IN ORIGINAL FORMBooks

Volumes bound or rebound (commercial binding) 272,978 189.350

Rare book materials treated (volumes) ' 7,855 1,861

Rare book materials surveyed (volumes) 522

Total volumes 281,355 191,211

Nonbook materialsManuscripts treated (individual sheets) ' 10,086 8,265Maps treated (individual atlas sheets) ' 7,034 224

Prints and photographs treated (individual items) ' 5,033 5,470

Total nonbook items 22,153 13,959

IN OTHER FORMSBrittle books and serials converted to microfilm (exposures) 2,888,195 2,097,653Newspapers and periodicals converted to microfilm (exposures)

Retrospective materials 429,139 276,800

Current materials 1,653,435 2,173.452Deteriorating still-picture negatives converted to safety base negatives 4,500 2,400Deteriorating motion pictures replaced or converted to

safety-base film (feet) 2,488,983 2,827,448

Sound recordingsDeteriorating discs converted to magnetic 'ape 9,213 9,241Deteriorating tapes converted to magnetic tape 150 100

Deteriorating cylinders, wire recordings, etc.; converted tomagnetic tape 85 45

Disc recordings cleaned and packed 9,439 9,841Tape recordings cleaned and repackaged 600 300

i The number of volumes, pages. etc., reported in any given year may vary considerably from previous yearsbecause

of differences in treatment times for specific projects Yearly total figures include both phased and full-treatment projects

A-22

157

Appendix 9Employment

1985 1986

Paid fromappropriations Other

Total to the Library funds Total

Office of the LibrarianManagement Services

National ProgramsBooks for the blind and physically handicapped

61898

95139

47698

73121

9

152

25

56850

98121

Total,: National Programs. 234 194 25 219

Copyright Office.: . ........... 574 517 517

Law Library 98 92 92

Congressional Research Service. 867 771 771

Processing ServicesGeneral services 1,217 1,128 4 1,132Cataloging distribution service. .... ..... 169 146 146Special foreign ru2rency program.. ... 6 1 1

Total, Processing Services' 1,392 1 275 4 1,279

Research Services 1,150 811 214 1,025

Total, all derailments 5,274 4,405 404 4,809

Does not include local personnel hired for overseas programs.

158

A-23

Financial Statistics

Appendix 1. 0

SUMMARY

Unobligatedbalance fromprevious year

Appropriationsor receipts

1986

APPROPRIATED FUNDS

Salaries and expenses, Library of Congress $8,955,124.45 '$132,985,000.00Salaries and expenses, Copyright Office 16,905,000.00Salaries and expenses, Congressional Research Se.rvice 37,288,000.00Books for the blind and physically handicapped 32,309,000.00Collection and distribution of library materials, specie]

foreign currency program 838,163.59 796,000.00Furniture and furnishings 262.48 852,000.00

Total annual appropriations 9,793,550.52 221,136,000.00

TRANSFERS FROM OTHER GOVERNMENT AGENCIES

United States/India Funr1 for cultural, educational, andscientific cooperation, special foreign currency program(dollar equivalent) 96 400.63

Consolidated working fundsNo-year 4,858,400.161986 28,534,504.511985-861986-87 877,094.00

Total transfers from other government agencies 34,366,399.30

GIFT AND TRUST FUNDS 6,223,973.34 8,261,147.53

Total all funds 16,017,523.86 263,763,546.83

' Includes Cataloging Distribution Service receipts. amounting t $4.122,000. that were available for obligation inaccordance with Public Law 99-151. approved November 13, 1985, and Public Law 99-177, approved December 12., 1985.

2 Includes copyright registration receipts, amounting to $5.742.000, that were available for obligation in accordancewith Public Law 99-151: approved November 13, 1985, and Public Law 99-177. approved December 12, 1985 Also in-cludes $750.000 from copyright cable and jukebox fees in accordance with Title 17 U.S C 111(d)(3) and 116(c)(1)

'The principal value of Library of Congress trust funds is invested as follows.In the U S. Treasury

Bequest of Gertrude M. Hubbard $20,000Public debt securities . ..... 1.411.113Permanent loan 4.762.868

Total . 6,193.981

A-24

159

Appendix 10

STATEMENT

Total availablefor obligation

1986Obligated

1986

Unobligatedbalance not

available

Unobligatedbalance forwarded

to 1987

$141,940,124.4516,905,000.0037,288,000.0032,309,000.00

1,634,163.59853,262.48

$130,052,873.0916,873,576.6137,271,076.0732,247,334.26

1,052,247.41843,366.45

$796,697.0831,423.3916,923.9361,665.74

9,896 03

$11,090,554 28

581,916.18

230,929,550.52 218,340,473.89 916,606.17 11,672.470.46

96,400.63 73,094.57 23,306.06

4,858,400.16 4,858,400.1628,534,504.51 28,534,504.51

877,094.00 877,094.00

34,366,399.30 34,343,093.24 23,30(1.06

14,485,120.87 7,419,980.55 7,065.140.32

279,781,070.69 260,103,547.68 916.606.17 18.760,91(1.84

Outside the U.S. Treasury (Market value September 30, 1986)Archer M. Huntington Fund $1,943,000McKim Fund... .. .. . 1,653,000Katie and Walter Louchheim Fund 85,000Kindler Foundation Trust Fund . . 128,000Caroline and Erwin Swann Memorial Fund 694.000

Total 4.50:1,001,

Total investments.. 10,696.981

160 A-25


GIFT AND

Fund and donor Purpose

Bequest of Gertrude M. Hubbard '

Library of Congress Trust Fund,' U.S. Treasury investment accounts

Allen (Raye Virginia) Trust Fund Support of folklife projects and activities

Babine, Alexis V., bequest Purchase of Slavic material

Benjamin, William Evarts Chair of American history, with surplus available forpurchase and maintenance of materials for the histor-ical collections of the Library

Bowker,, R. R. Bibliographical services

Carnegie Corporation of New York Promotion and encouragement of an interest in andan understanding of fine arts in the United States

Coolidge (Elizabeth Sprague) Foundation, establisned Furtherance of musical research, composition, perfor-by donation and bequest of Elizabeth Sprague mance, and appreciationCoolidge

Cronin (John W.) bequest

Elson (Louis C.) Memorial Fund, established underbequest of Bertha L. Elson

Purchase of books on the subjects of bibliography,medieval history, religion, and French literature

Provision of one or more annual, free public lectureson music or its literature

Encouragement of public interest in music or itsliterature

Evans (Archibald B.) Fund Purchase of original American 18th-century news-papers

Feinberg (Lenore B. and Charles E.) Fund Purchase of books, manuscripts, and other materialsby and about Walt Whitman and other Americanwriters

Friends of Music in the Library of Congress, Enrichment of music collectionestablished by the association

Guggenheim (Daniel) Fund for the Promotion of Aer- Chair of aeronauticsonautics, Inc.

Hanks, Nymphus C.,, bequest Furtherance of work for the blind, particularly the pro-vision of books for the Library of Congress to makeavailable to the blind

' Bequest of Gertrude M Hubbard in the amount of $20,000 accepted by an act of Congress (Public Law 276, 62d Con-gress. approved August 20, 1912) and deposited with the U.S. Treasury.

A-26

161

Appendix 10

TRUST FUNDS

Principal

Unobligatedbalance fromprevious year

Income orreceipts

1986Total availablefor obligation

Obligated1986

Unobligatedbalance

forwardedto 1987

$20,000.00 $3,031.46 $1,654.04 $4,685.50 $4,685.50

26,678.00 2,962.13 2,221.37 5,183.50 5,183.50

6,684.74 4,434.21 799.03 5,233.24 5,233.24

83,083.31 54,852.92 9,292.95 64,145.87 $(4,564.62) 68,710.49

14,843.15 11,432.63 1,928.73 13.361.36 13,361.36

93.307.98 11,249.78 8,082 76 19,332.54 3,280.50 16,052.04

804,444.26 53,617 9P 66,074.05 119,692.04 68,056.89 51,635.15

25,000.00 3,102.89 2,067.87 5,170.76 5,170.76

6,000.00 3,788.66 576.60 4,365.26 3,788.00 577.26

6,585.03 4,060.36 934.35 4,694.71 3,712.00 982.71

25,000.00 9,072.20 2,439.06 11.511.26 1,250.00 10,261.26

1,000.00 154.82 81.65 236.47 154.82 81.65

11,659.09 1,703.91 990.22 2,694 13 2,694.13

90,654.22 150,016.52 16,739.14 166,755.66 166,755.66

5,227.31 5,340.67 753.58 6,094.25 6,094.25

' Authorized under Public Law 541. 68th Congress. March 3,,1925, as amended.,"An Act to create a Library of CongressTrust Fund Board and for other purposes."

162A-27



Library of Congress Trust Fund, U.S. Treasury investment accodntsContinued

Huntington. Archer M.Donation

Donation

Bequest

IBM Corporation

Isenbergh Clarinet Fund

Jurow (Mae and Irving) Fund

Kaplan (Milton) Fund

Kostelanetz (Andre) Fund

Koussevitzky (Serge) Music Foundation in the Libraryof Congress, established by the Koussevitzky MusicFoundation.; Inc.

Kroyt (Bons and Sonya) Memorial Fund

Longworth (Nicholas) Foundation in the Library ofCongress, established by the friends of the late Nicho-las Longwoith

Mellon (Andrew W.) Foundation

Miller Dayton C., bequest

National Library for the Blind, established by theNational Library for the Blind, Inc.

Purchases of Hispanic material

Consultant in Spanish and Portuguese literature

Equipment and maintenance of the Hispanic SocietyRoom and maintenance of a chair of English-bnguagepoetry

Establish, exhibit, and service the Charles Eames Col-lection at the Library of Congress

Support of public concerts and music collections atthe Library of Congress. featuring the clarinet or otherwoodwind instrument

Provision of harpsichord concerts at the Library

Purchase of 18th- and 19th-century American prints.drawings, and photographs

Purchase of books, manuscripts, kinescopes, record-ings, and other materials for the Music Division

Furtherance of the art of music composition

Benefit the concert program developed through theMusic Division

Furtherance of music

Provide fellowships for training in the field of preser-vation of library materials

Benefit of the Dayton C. Miller Collection of Flutes

Provision of reading matter for the blind ii ' the em-ployment of blind persons to provide libi vicesfor the blind

Pennell, Joseph, bequest Purchase of materials in the fine arts for the PennellCollection

A-28

1C3

Appendix 10

UnobligatedUnobligated Income or balancebalance from receipts Total available Obligated forwarded

Principal previous year 1986 for ob/igation 1986 to 1987

$112.305.74 $24.417 25 $9,983.00 $34,400.25 $11.799 4C $22.600.85

49.746.52 16.111.98 4,888.34 21,000.32 1,017 21 19 303.11

98.525.46 14.192.31 8.510.07 22.702.38 10.331.05 12,371.33

408.471.91 26.936.16 435,408.07 435.408.07

51 .000.00 1.649.14 4.317.17 5.966.31 5.966.31

50.000.00 3.156 (i4 4.'35.13 7.291.77 2.696.64 4.595.13

2.985.00 2.171 68 338 79 2.510 47 2.510 47

10.000.00 5.451.13 1.144.27 6.595 40 6.595.40

208.099.41 73,218.88 111.455.31 92.674 19 21.617.43 71.056.76

43.295 61 37,180 77 9,102.39 46,283 lb 4.144.45 42,138 71

10.6111 59 1,077,38 1125 52 2.002 90 22 50 1,980.40

89.610 29 ' (22,404 47) 67.205.32 57.205.32

20.548.18 3.4411 51 1.687 64 5.137 15 5.137.15

36.015.00 36,566 38 5,228.35 41.794 73 41,794.73

303.250.46 44.924 66 24,657 76 69 582 42 (2,074.87) 71.657.29

' Net of S25,721 50 transferred to Library of Congress, Mellon (Ant:rew W ) Foundation Gift Fund

A-29

164



Library of Congress Trust Fund, U.S. Treasury investment accountsContinued

Pickford (Mary) Foundation

Porter (Henry Kirke) Memorial Fund,; established byAnnie-May Hegeman

Reid (Samuel Chester) Trust Fund

Roberts Fund, established under bequest of MargaretA. Roberts

Scala (Norman P.) Memorial Fund, established underbequest of Norman P. Scala

Sonneck Memorial Fund, established by the Bee-thoven Association

Special Reserve

Spivacke (Harold and Rose Marie) Fund

Stern (Alfred Whital) Memorial Fund, established bythe family of the late Alfred Whital Stern

Swann (Caroline and Erwin) Memorial Fund

Whittall (Gertrude Clarke) Poetry and Literature Fund

Whittait (Gertrude Clarke) Foundation. established byGertrude Clarke Whittall

Wilbur, James B.Donation

Support of programs related to the history and de-velopment of the motion picture industry

Maintenance of a consultantship or other appropri-ate purpose

Provision of a yearly grant to a "prom' sing, talented,and creative writer of the American Scene"

Benefit of the Library of Congress, its collections, andits services

Arrangement, editing, and publication of materials inthe Scala bequest

Aid and advancement of musical research

Balanced Budg )t and Emergency Deficit Control Actof 1985, Public Law 99-177, approved December 12,1985

Purchase of books, manuscripts, and other material3for the Music Division

Maintenance of and addition to the Alfred WhitalStern Collection of Lincolniana, including the publi-cation of guides and reproductions of parts of the col-lection

Maintenance of an exhibit of cartoon and caricatureoriginals

Development of appreciation and understanding ofgood literature and poetry in this country, and for thepresentation of literature in general

Maintenance of collection of Stradivari instrumentsand Tourte bows given by Mrs. Whittall, and presen-tation of programs in which those instruments areused

Repro? Jction of manuscript sources on American his-tory in European archives

' Investments held by American Security Bank valued at approximately $694.000. All the income accrues to the Libraryof Congress.

A-30

165

Appendix 10

UnobligatedUnobligated Income or balancebalance from receipts Total aye ,ble Obligated forwarded

Principal previous year 1986 for obligation 1986 to 1987

$86,138.07 $31,266,17 $117,404.24 $117,404.24

$290,500.00 150,301,99 32,725.53 183,027.52 $19 455.22 163,572.30

74,126.07 32,382.99 7,920.16 40,303.15 4,500.00 35,803.15

62,703.75 77,628.99 10,031.37 87,666.16 87,660.36

92,228.85 13,302.81 7,773.76 21.076.57 14,698.50 6,378.07

12,088.13 17,872.62 1,474.40 19,347 02 10,000.00 9,347.02

2,000.00 2,000.00 2.000.00

24,913.00 7,632.83 2,555.43 10,188.26 10,188 96

27,548.58 13.863.46 2,905.69 16.769 15 2,376.00 14.393 15

540,842.37 123,423.05 48,782.31 172,205.36 59,411.99 112.793.37

957,977.79 143,317 85 79,257.99 222,575 84 155,912.72 66,663.12

1,538,609.44 94,379.24 127,251.76 221.631 00 153.306 54 68.324 46

192,671.36 109.408.15 21.900.98 131,309.13 2,222.20 129.086 93

A-31

166



Library of Congress Trust Fund, U.S. Treasury investment accountsContinued

Wilbur, James B.ContinuedBequest Establishment of a chair of geography

Bequest Preservation of source materials for American history

Total, U.S. Treasury investment accounts

Library of Congress Trust Fund, bank investment department accounts

Huntington, Archer M.8

Kindler Foundation Trust Fund "

McKim Fund, established under bequest of Mrs. W.Duncan McKim 10

Total, bank investment department accounts

Library of Congress Gift Fund

Africana Acquisitions Fund

American Association for the Advancement of Slav-ic Studies

American Bar Association

American Film Institute,, Inc.

American Folk life Center, various donors

Amer an Institute of Architects Foundation, Inc.

Equipment for and maintenance of the Hispanic Soci-ety Room, and maintenance If a chair of English-language poetry

To sponsor an annual concert and to commission thecomposition of music

Support of the composition and performance of cham-ber music for violin and piano and of related activities

Purchase of publications for the Africana Collection

Toward preparation of a bibliography of Slavic andEast European studies

Toward the purchase of a rare law book

In support of mutual efforts to preserve motion pic-tures and television programs and make them moreavailable to the public

Toward expenses of the Center

Preservation of drawings from the 1792 competitionfor designs for the Capitol and the President's House

Verification of i Aries in the National Union Index toArchitectu;dl Records

" Investments held by the Bank of New York valued at approximately $1,943,000; half of the income accrues to theLibrary of Congress.

' investments held by American Security Bank valued at approximately $128,000. All the income accrues to the Libraryof Congress.

A-32/C7

Appendix 10



$81,856.92 $15,469.46 $7,291.75 $22,761.21 $11,057.93 $11,703.28

31,285.29 12,667.48 3,326.71 15,994.19 2,225.58 13,768.61

6,173,981.55 1,975,228.59 598,050.30 2,573,278.89 560,398.08 2,012,880.81

50,494.15 51,/77.74 102,271.89 35,522.42 66,749.47

1,422.30 5,000.00 6,422.30 4,524.00 1,898.30

57,746.42 " (500.00) 57,246.42 56,571.13 675.29

109,662.87 56,277.74 165,940.61 96,617.55 69,323.06

430.32 80.00 510.32 111.44 398.88

8,311.14 12,600.00 20,911.14 14,590.50 6,320.64

1,000.00 1,000.00 786.89 213.11

6,963.00 14,000.00 20,963.00 20,963.00

4,025.31 1,364 00 5,389.31 4,749.89 639.42

3,015.48 3,015.48 3,015.48

5,000.00 5,000.00 3,754.45 1,245.55

10 Bequest of Mrs. W. Duncan McKim, principally in the form of securities, valued at appru,;;mately $1,8c::,u00, heldby the American Security and Trust Company for the Trust Fund Board. All the income accrues to the Liorary of Congress.Income invested in short-term securities is valued at approximately $222,000.

" Reflects amount transferred to a special reserve in accordance with the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Con-trol Act of 1985. Public Law 99-177, approved December 12, 1985.

168A-33



Library of Congress Gift FundContinued

American Library Association

American Psychological Association

American Sociological Association

Annenberg Fund, Inc.

Association for Asian Studies

Baker and Taylor Company

Barnard (Frank M.) Foundation

Belmear (Herbert W.) Memorial Fund

Business Week Magazine

Cafritz (Morris and Gwendolyn) Foundation

Center for the Book, various donors

For use by the director of the Processing Department

Support of the National Preservation Program's Fun-damental Techniques Workshop

Furtherance of work in the Manuscript Division inconnection with the Archives of the Association

To facilitate the organization of ASA materials

Support of the Book Garden

Expenses of Library of Congress New Delhi FieldOffice staff member while in the United States

For use by the Office of the Asso-iate Librarian forNational Programs

To support the first phase of a project to produce adocumentary film on library binding

For use by employees in emergency situations

For use by the Copyright Office

Seminars to commemorate or celebrate importantevents or persons

Support of the opening program for the PerformingArts Library in the John F. Kennedy Center for the Per-forming Arts

Support of the Council of Scholars

Support of a two-volume guide to visual resources inthe Prints and Photographs Livision, Washingtoniana

Support of the 1986 symposium "American Under-standing of India" at the Library of Congress

Support of "Music, Literature, and Hispanic Culture:Celebrating Fifty Years of Leadership in Washington,D.C."

Expenses of the Center

Centro Venezolano Americano Support of activities relating to the special collectior.s

A-34

169

Appendix 10



$2,687.21 $594.00 $3,281.21 $876.13 $2,405.08

441.61 441.61 441.61

1,900 00 1,900.00 1,900.00

1,000.00 1,000.00 1,000.00

20,000.00 20.000.00 19,880.00 120.00

496 50 745.25 1,241.75 592.76 648.99

3,000 00 3,000.00 3.000.00

390 00 390.00 50.00 340.00

2.190.85 2,602.30 4.79315 4,562.65 230.50

20,574 81 20,574.81 358.16 20,216.65

6.113.48 6.113 48 6,113.48

3.541 76 307 04 3.848 80 3,848.80

41,524.12 41,524.12 9.828.59 31,695.53

39,690.00 39,690.00 18,309.92 21,380.08

77.000.00 77.000.00 77,000.00

112,181 46 218,432.67 330,614.13 203,215.14 127,398.99

29,591.80 15.059.89 44,651.69 22,618 22 22,033.47

170A-35




Children's Literature Center Fund, various donors

Childs (James Bennett) Fund

Clarke, Gertrude, estate of

Congressional Continuing Education Fund, variousdonors

Congressional Issues and Process Education Fund,various donors

Council of Scholars Fund

Council on Library Resources, Inc.

Croft (William and Adeline) Fund

Documents Expediting Project,, various contributors

Engelhard (Charles W.) Fund

Evans (Luther H.) Memorial Fund

Exxon Educational Foundation

Federal Library Committee, various donors

Ford Foundation

A-36

Support of Ch. hen's Literature Center programs,,publications, and research

Support of publications and programs concerninggovernment documents

Expenses of a suitable memorial for Gertrude ClarkeWhittall

Toward expenses of programs offered by the Congres-sional Research Service to Members of Congress andtheir staffs

Support of the Congressional Research Service's semi-nars and programs on congressional issues

To support activities of the council

To facilitate the sale of machine-readable catalogingrecords and information

Support of the Linked Systems Project

Support of the Conference on Preservation of LibraryMaterials, Vienna,, Austria,, April 1986

Production end distribution of training videotapes onpreservation

Furtherance of the Library's music programs andacquisitions for the music collection

Distribution of documents to participating libraries

Chair of history or literature in his memory

Purchase of materials for the collections that fosterworld peace and understanding

Toward expenses of the Council of Scholars Sympo-sium on Work

Expenses of the committee

Support of a revised and enlarged edition of EdmundC. Burnett's Letters of Members of the ContinentalCongress

171

Appendix 13



$5,355.00 $5,355.00 $475.00 $4,880.00

$1,757.02 150.00 1,907.02 1,907.02

5,000.00 5,000.00 5,000.00

1,991.55 1,991.55 1,900.70 90.85

20,457.15 285.46 20,742.61 3,703 98 17,038.63

62,834.37 42,000.00 104,834.37 24,991.55 79,842,82

3,532.27 3,532 27 767.68 2,;'64.59

11,278.11 11,278.11 4,137.30 7,140.81

16,000.00 16,000.00 12,596.00 3,404.00

14,000.00 14,000.00 13,320.00 680.00

1,662.23 22,500.00 24,162 23 18,802.04 5.360.19

79,406.7 145,473.00 224,879.71 133,719.42 91,160.29

38,285.77 30,000.00 68,285.77 15,701.42 52,584.35

750.00 750.00 750.00

10,000.00 10,000.00 10,000.00

215,072.23 8',.4,667.15 1,039,739.38 619,513.61 420,225.77

5,316.90 5,316.90 288.78 5,028.12

A-37172




Ford FoundationContinued

Foreign program, various contributors

Forest Press, Inc.

Friends of Music,, various donors

Friends of the Folk Archive, various donors

Gish (Lillian) Foundation

Goff (Frederick R.) Memorial Fund

Gottscho (Samuel H.) Fund

Heineman Foundation

A-38

Support of congressional workshop series on inter-national economics

Support of the American Folk life Center's program todisseminate historical recordings of American IndianMusic among tribes

Support of the program for cataloging material pur-chased under Public Law 480 in Israel

Support of the program for the purchase of materialin Bangladesh under Public Law 480

Support of the program for the purchase of materialin foreign countries under Public Law 480

Fiscal year 1985Fiscal year 1986

Acquisition of publications from Southeast Asia

Acquisition of publications from Brazil

Acquisition of publications from Sri Lanka

Acquisition of publications from the Middle East

Acquisition of publications from Nepal

Acquisition of publications from Burma

Acquisition of publications from India

Toward the cost of a five-year project to edit the 19thedition of the Dewey Decimal Classification

Furtherance of music

Expenses of the Archive of Folk Song

Furtherance of the Library's programs

Loquisition of materials for the rare book collectionand special collections of the Library

Acquisition of photographic negatives from theGottscho-Schleisner Archives

Purchase of Library material of special interest to theMusic Division

173

Appendix 10

liJnobligatedUnobligated Income or balancebalance from receipts Total available Obligated forwarded


$47,902.21 $47,902.21 $7,056.81 $40,845.37

17,051.35 $57,900.09 74,951.35 62,782.25 12,169.10

1,428.22 1,428.22 1,335.63 92.59

27,111.63 4,882.00 31,993.63 11,790.91 20,202.72

13,500.00 13,500.00 13,500.00500.00 500.00 500.00

39,415.89 168,599.00 208,014.89 113,893.07 94,121.82

610.83 610.83 610.83

15,632.63 5,797.00 21,429.63 10,676.25 10,753.38

95,761.58 361,274.60 457,036.18 346,251.16 110,785.02

26,624.39 3,981.00 30,605.39 4,028.17 26,577.22

1,550.00 1,550.00 1,550.00

135,923.50 61,598.50 197,522.00 45,661.94 151,860.06

6,807.27 156,237.00 163,044.27 162,738.09 306.18

5,507.65 5,507.65 5,507.65

5,609.32 1,234.63 6,843.95 2,230.00 4,613.95

23,119.37 23,119.37 733.80 22,385.57

446.00 446.00 446.00

441.00 441.00 441.00

1,091.20 10,000.00 11,091.20 10,991.43 99.77

A-39

174




Hispanic Publication Fund, various donors For use by the Librarian in the support of Hispanicactivities of the Library

Insurance Company of North America Furtherance of the Library's preservation program

IBM Corporation Toward preparation of the Charles Eames Collection

International Federation of Library Associations and Support of the IFLA/PAC Core ProgramInstitutions

Knight,, John Furtherance of the Library's program for the blind

Land (Robert H.) Memorial Fund Purchase of a suitable tree or trees to be planted onthe grounds of the Thomas Jefferson or John AdamsBuilding

League of Arab States

Librarian's Office, various donors

Loeffler, Elise Fay,, bequest

Louchheim, Katie S.

Louchheim (Katie and Walter) Fund i2

Luce, Clare Boothe

Luce, Henry R.

Mead Data Central

Mellon (Andrew W.) Foundation

Miller (Dayton C.) Fund, various donors

Support of conference on Arab-American literature

To support and advance the mission of the Library

Towed expenses of support services

Purchase of music

Processing her papers in the Maruscript Division

Distribution of tape recordings of concerts to broad-casting stations

Furtherance of the work of organizing her personalpapers in the Library of Congress

Furtherance of the work of organizing the ClareBoothe Luce papers in the Library of Congress

Support of the videotape production the Law Libraryof The Library of Congress: Manuscripts toMicrochips"

Support of internships in preservation administrationand science

Maintenance and development of the Dayton C. MillerCollection of flutes and flute-related materials

12 Investments held by American Security Bank valued at approximately $85,000. All the income accrues to the Libraryof Congress.

A-40

175

Appendix 10

UnobligatedUnobligated Income Gr balancebalance from receipts Total available Obligated forwarded


$644.99 $1,377.81 $2,022.80 $32.98 $1,989.82

5,888.69 295.79 6,184.48 1.90.73 4,193.75

91,282.67 91,282.67 35,244.07 56,038.60

19,387.00 19,387.00 3,981.00 15,406.00

75.27 75.27 75.27

143.00 317.00 460.00 460.00

3.50 3.50 (116.75) 120.25

49,742.15 9,145.42 58,887.57 33.554.20 25,333.37

43.536.95 26.680.92 70,217.87 70,217.87

615.40 28.91 644.31 644.31

429 28 429.28 429.28

7.076.79 5,95185 13,028.64 5,004.05 024.59

4,447.05 4,447.05 4,447.05

1,884 46 1,884.46 1,884.46

1,780 82 1,780.82 1,469.88 310.94

8,467 28 25,721.50 34,188.78 22,378 76 11,810.02

2010.00 2,000.00 2,000.00

176 A-41

Report of The Librarian of Congress,, 1986



Morrow (Malcolm) Memorial Fund

Mumford (L. Quincy) Memorial Fund

Naval Historical Foundation

Optical Disk Fund, various donors

Pickford (Mary) Foundation

Partner (Mildred Chaffin) Fund

Prints and Photographs Reference Fund,. variousdonors

Program for the blind, various donors

Radio Corporation of America

Research Libraries Group, various donors

Ross (Arthur) Foundation

Rowman and Littlefield. Inc.

Schwartz (Bern) Photographic Fund

Special Reserve

A-42

Acquisition of scientific materials for the collectionsof the Library

Purchase of retrospective children's literature foraddition to the collections

Processing the Naval Historic& foundation Collec-tions deposited in the Library of Congress

Support of optical disk technology research. programsand publications

Support of programs related to the history anddevelopment of the motion picture industry

Toward expenses to retain in a consulting capacityexperts in the preservation of records created by theLibrary of Congress

To increase accessibility of the isual arts collectionsthrough the Reference Section of the Prints and Pho-tographs Division

Furtherance of the Library's program for the blind

For use by the Music Division

Acquisition of publications from Eastern Africa

Expenses of a reception to celebrate the publicationof The Library of congress: Its Architecture and Deco-ration

Editing and preparation costs in connection with thequinquennial edition of the Library of CongressNational Union Catalog

Preparation cost in connection with the filming of theSlavic (Cyrillic) Union Catalog

Acquisition of original photographic prints, negatives,and transparencies

Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Actof 1985; Public Law 99-177. approved December 12,1985

17'/

Appendix 10



$111.79 $:11.79 $39.14 $72 65

2,840.00 2 1340 00 41.50 2,795.50

610.98 610 98 610.98

$1,200.00 1,200.00 1.200 00

28.948 07 26.875 00 55.823 07 29.744 17 26,0711 90

4,705.00 4,705.00 4.705.0(1

3,0i 9 00 3,000.09 700.00 2,300 00

28,480 68 1.401 00 29,881 68 17.651 19 12.230 49

1.950.66 1,390.06 3.34(1 72 (111 751 3,452 47

22.287,53 450 00 22.737 53 8.8(17 84 13.929 69

272.96 279 9; 272 mi

71.411.4(1 71,411.4(1 18,688.88 52.722 52

5.246.38 5,246.38 3,255.82 1.990 5;)

4,865 10 5,000 00 9.867 10 6,055 (8) ,.1.810 10

3,000 00 3.0(10.0(1 3.000 00

A-43178




Stachura (Leonard R.) Fund

Stern (Alfred Whital) Publication Fund

Surplus Book Disposal Project, various donors

Swann (Caroline and Erv. in) Memorial

Time-Life Books, Inc

Training program for copyright officials from China,;various donors

United States-Spanish Committee for r lucational andCultural Affairs

Waters (Edward N.) Fund

Wilkins, Emily Howell, estate of

Wilson, Donald T.

Yomiuri Shimbun

Total; Library of Congress Gift Fund

Revolving fund service fees

American I Ilc life Center

Cafritz Foundation Scholarly Activities Fund

Clapp (Verner W.) Publication Fund

Da Capo Fund

A-44

To provide books in braille or tapes in the areas ofAmerican and world literature, biography, travel, andhistory

Toward expenses of cataloging the Alfred WhitalStern Collection of Lincolniana

Toward expenses of thr roject

To purchase animated satiric cartoons

Purchase of library materials for ihe collections of theRare Book and Special Collections Division

Toward expenses of the program

Support of Spanish scholars of the Council of Scholars

Publication of facsimiles of rare and significant items,especially manuscripts, in the Music Division

Purchase of antique stringed musical instruments

Toward development of the Islamic legal collectionof the Near Eastern and African Law Division

Support of the exhibit "Words in Motion: ModernJapanese Calligraphy" and related events ,t the Libraryof Congress

Support of publications and related expenses

Support of publication of Library exhibit catalogs andrelated expenses

Support of publications

Support of concerts, publications, recordings, andbroadcasts relating to Music Division programs andcollections

1 70

Appendix 10

UnobligatedUnobligated Income or balani.,balance from receipts Total available Obligated forwarded


$84.07 $84.07 $84.07

4,618.51 $147.32 4,765.83 4,765.83

11,867.08 20,953.60 32,820.68 $20,077.02 12,743.66

5,610.11 582.18 6,192.29 6,192.29

8,444.50 2,000.00 10,444.50 10,444.50

22,950.00 15,200.00 33,150.00 32,745.46 5,404.54

290.00 290.00 290.00

1,350.00 1,350.00 1,350.00

5,000.00 5,000.00 5,060.00

200.00 200.00 200.00

4,287.53 4,287.53 4,287.53

1,688,397.85 2,448,324.85 4,136,722.70 2,206,185.32 1,930,537.38

25,056.34 33,327.80 58,384.34 33,490.21 24,894.13

26,368.46 7,554.08 33,922.54 49.50 33,873.04

23,801.89 156,050.16 179,851.99 154,929.37 24,922.62

92,878.91 57,137.56 150,016.47 89,127.77 60,888.70

A-45



Revolving fund service feesContinued

Frissell (Toni) Fund Maintenance of the Toni Frissell Collection of photo-graphs in the Library of Congress

Green (Constance McLaughlin) Revolving Fund Support of materials related to the Library of Congressand its collections


Pickford (Mary) Company

Recording Laboratory

Special Reserve

Support of reproduction of materials in various forms

Support of the preservation of motion picture and tel-evision program films from nonprofit film archives

Support of eproduction of materials in recorded form

Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Actof 1985, Public Law 99-177, approved December 12,1985

Traveling Exhibits Fund Support of traveling exhibits

Various Donors Conversion of motion picture film to a safety base

Total set.% ce fees

Total, all gift and trust funds

A-46

1b1



$1,681.20 $323.50 $2,004.70 $40.00 $1,964.70

42,715.36 110,681.55 153,396.91 153,287.43 109.48

1,998,633.95 4,222,792.78 6,221,426.73 3,745,621.14 2,475,805.59

1,518.00 1,518.00 1,518.00

177,941.24 503,875.98 681,817.22 317,444.52 364,372.70

12,000.00 12,000.00 12,000.00

51,705.38 9,208,45 60,913.83 26,681.37 34,232.46

5,351.64 43,888.80 49,240.44 36,108.29 13,132.15

2,447,652.57 5,156,840.60 7,604,493.17 4,556,779.60 3,047,713.57

6,223,973.34 8,261,147.53 14,485,120.87 7,419,980.55 7,065,140.32

182


SUMMARY OF TREASURY INVESTMENT

Permanent loan principalBalance October 1, 1986 $4,756,190.08Plus additions:

October 17, 1985 178.00November 15, 1985 500.00December 27, 1985 5,000.00February 25, 1986 1,000.00

81/2% market bonds due May 15, 1994-99, purchased onJanuary 7, 1976 (face value $1,340,0P9)

Permanent loan balance September 30, 1986 4,762,868.08

Principal and income invested in market notes:.117/8%, due September 30, 1986 (face value $1,290,000) 1,353,808.93

Income invested in market bills:7.1%; due December 26, 1985 (face value $110,000) 109,240.697.2%; due March 27, 1986 (face value $60,000) 58,488.007.22%,, due June 12, 1986 (face value $65,000) 62,353.676.01%, due September 25, 1986 (face value $25,000) 24,411.52

A-48

183

1,608,302.81

Appendix 10

AND RELATED INCOME

Interest onpermanent loan

Interest on Interest on81/2% market bonds short-term Total income

due May 15, 1994-99 (net) securities fiscal 1986

$395,421.28

$111,678.06

$89,378.57

759.311,512.002,646.33

588.48

395,421.28 111.673.06 94,884.69 601,984.03

184A-49

Appendix 1 1LegislationPublic Law 99-151, approved November 13, 1985, made appropriations for fiscal year 1986 through

September 30, 1986, for the legislative branch, The act provided funds for the Library of Con-g:ess as follows:

Salaries and ExpensesLibrary of Congress $138,047,000Congressional Research Service , . , , , . ...... .. .. ., . , , , , ... ....... 38,963,000Copyright Office 17,631,000Books for the Blind and Physically Handicapped 33,761,000

Collection and distribution of library materials . . . ......... .... ... . 832,000Furniture and furnishings . , . , , . ... , ... .. ..... . ... .. .. .. .. .... . , . 891,00U

Public Law 99-177, approved December 12, 1985, raised the statutory limit on the public debt.. Title 2of the act contained the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act (Gramm-Rudman-Hollings Act). The act mandated across-the-board federal spending cuts if Congress does notmeet specified budget reduction targets during the appropriations process. Library of Congressappropriations for fiscal 1986 were reduced 4.3 percent by the act beginning in March 1986.

Public Law 99-194, approved December 20, 1985, contained an amendment to the National Foun-dation on the Arts and Humanities Act to rename the Library's Poetry Consultant the PoetLaureate Consultant in Poetry. The act authorized an appropriation of $10,000 to the NationalEndowment for the Arts for an annual program by the Poet Laureate Consultant in Poetry.

Public Law 99 -349, approved July 2, 1986, made supplemental appropriations for fiscal 1986 tothe Library of Congress in the amount of $867,000.

Public Law P9-397, approved August 27, 1986, amended the copyright law to redefine the localservice: area of a primary transmitter in the case of a low-power television station for secondarytransmission purposes..

A-50

155

ExhibitsNEW MAJOR EXHIBITIONS

A CELEBRATION OF THE FOURTH CENTENARY OF LAGALATEA. Seventy-three items from the LC col-lections and a rare first edition of La Galateafrom the Pierpont Morgan Library were dis-played to mark the 400th anniversary of this firstnovel by Cervantes. October 1985 to April 1986.

SURVEYORS OF THE PACIFIC: CHARTING THE PACIFICBASIN, 1768-1842. Seventy-nine items, drawnmostly from the Geography and Map Dvision,show the surveys of twenty-two expeditions.November 1985 to April 1986.

CHARLES DICKENS AND THE PERFORMING ARTS Asa tribute to Dickens (and coinciding with a filmseries), thirty-six artifacts were displayed in thePickford Theater lobby, including photos, hand-bills, plays, and a personal walking stick. De-cember 1985 to June 1986.

THE SPIRIT OF THE PLACE: PHOTOGRAPHS BY PAULSTRAND. Sixty-three photographs capture thecharacter of the working people, land, andartifacts of Mexico, New England, France, andItaly. December 1985 to April 1986.

BOOKS IN THE GRAND TRADITION. Spanning theyears from the fifteenth through the twentiethcenturies, sixty-eight of the finest of the Library',large-format books were featured., Opened De-cember 1985.

PORGY AND BESS. The Performing Arts Librarycommemorated the fiftieth anniversary of thefirst performance of this famous American folkopera with more than thirty items, some ofwhich were borrowed from the South CarolinaHistorical Society. March 1986 to September1986.

A RECORD IN DETAIL: THE ARCHITECTURAL PHOTO-GRAPHS OF JACK E. BOUCHER. Opening at theAmerican Institute of Architects Building

Appendix 12before being offered as a traveling exhibition,this exhibit features 14 color and 114 black-and-white architectural photographs by JackBoucher, the first full-time professional pho-tographer for the Historical American BuildingsSurvey (HABS). March 1986 to May 1986.

TREMORS: POLITICAL ART ACQUIRED THROUGH THESWANN FUND The Oval Gallery spotlightedanother collection of caricatures and satiricaldrawings giving insight into the turmoil of po-litical revolution in different societies and peri-ods of time, Opened March 1986.

LATIN AMERICAN ATLANTIC PORT CITIES. Some fortymaps of the Spanish Main (1650-1850) reflect-ed the development of the major Atlantic portsin Latin America and the Caribbean. OpenedMay 1986.

WHITE HOUSE NEWS PHOTOGRAPHERS 43D ANNUALEXHIBITION. Award-winning photographs andnews videotapes from around the world byWhite House News Photographers. Opened May1986.

RIDERS ON EARTH TOGETHER: EXPRESSIONS OF FAITHIN THE MIDDLE EAST AND ASIA. Approximately 130objects, primarily from the Library's collectionsbut some from private lenders, focused on thereligions of the Middle East and Asia, includ-ing Buddhism, Christianity, Islam, Taoism, andConfucianism. Opened ,une 1986.

SPECIAL EXHIBITS

A NATION OF READERS. Opened November 1985,

FOURTEENTH ANNUAL LC EMPLOYEE ART ANDCRAFTS EXHIBIT December 1985 to February1986,

PAUL STRAND. December 1985 to June 1986.

HALLEY'S COMET March 1986 to June 1936.

186 A-51


BLEAU MAPS. June 1986 to September 1986.

RIDERS ON EARTH TOGETHER. Opened June 1986.

CORONELLI GLOBES. Opened August 1986.

TWO MOMENTS OF THE HEART. Opened September1986.

CORNELL!: THE GLOBEMAKER. Opened September1986.

CONTINUING MAJOR EXHIBITS

GEOGRAPHY AND MAP DIVISION: RECENT ACQUISI-TIONS. Closed October 1985.

CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE: TOWARD AN IN-FORMED LEGISLATOR. Opened March 1985.

NEW FOR YOU. Closed October 1985.

MRS. FISKE! Closed February 1986.

WHITE HOUSE NEWS PHOTOGRAPHERS 42D ANNUALEXHIBITION. Closed December 1985.,

DISCOVERING INDIA Closed October 1985.,

EYE OF A CARICATURIST. Closed March 1986.:

CONTINUING SPECIAL EXHIBITS

FLIGHT IN FILM. September 1984 to December1985.

TRAVELING EXHIBITS

HOUSES OF JUSTICE. COUNTY COURT ARCHITECT( IRE

Shown in Raleigh, North Carolina.

LEWIS HINE, REFORMER WITH A CAMERA. Shown in:Wilmington, Delaware; Atlanta, Geo. gia;Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; and Haledon, NewJersey.

WHITE HOUSE NEWS PHOTOGRAPHERS 41ST ANNUALEXHIBITION. Shown at American Embassies inMoscow and Istanbul.

WHITE HOUSE NEWS PHOTOGRAPHERS 42D EXHIBI-TION. Shown in Tulsa, Oklahoma, and Wiscon-sin Rapids, Wisconsin.

EXHIBITS DEVELOPED FOR THE LIBRARY'S TRAVELINGEXHIBMON PROGRAM

BAROQUE FINALE

THE EMPIRE THAT WAS RUSSIA: PFIOTOGRAPPICRECORD BY SERGE! PROKUDIN-GORSKY

WHITE HOUSE NEWS PHOTOGRAPHERS 43D ANNUALEXHIBITION

AMERICAN RENAISSANCE. TOWARD A MULTI-MEDIA A RECORD IN DETAIL: THE ARCHITECTURAL PHOTO-ENCYCLOPEDIA. Opened November 1984.

A-52

GRAPHS OF JACK E. BOUCHER

187

Appendix 13Concerts, Lectures, and Other Programs

CONCERTS

Presented under the Auspices of the ElizabethSprague Coolidge Foundation

1985

OCTOBER 4., The Lindsay String Quartet.

OCTOBER 30. Founder's Day Concert. PhyllisBryn-Julson, soprano; Donald Sutherland,piano; the Atlantic String Quartet.

NOVEMBER 8. The Waverly Consort.

NOVEMBER 15, The Lieurance WoodwindQuintet.

1986

MAY 2, 6, 9, & 10 The Festival of AmericanChamber Music.

DUNE 10, 13, 17, 20, & 24., The Library of Con-gress Summer Chamber Festival.

Presented under the Auspices of the GertrudeClarke Whittall Foundation

1985

OCTOBER 10 & 11, The Juilliard String Quartet.

OCTOBER 17 & 18. The Juilliard String Quartet.

OCTOBER 24 & 25. The Juilliard String Quartet.

OCTOBER 26. Samuel Rhodes, viola; CynthiaRamin, piano.

NOVEMBER 1, The Salomon String Quartet.

NOVEMBER 18. An Evening of Poetry and Music.

DECEMBER 17 & 18. The Juilliard String Quartetand Rudolf Firkusny, piano.

1986

FEBRUARY 20 & 21. The Beaux Arts Trio.

FEBRUARY 27 & 28. The Beaux Arts Trio.

MARCH 21. The Vienna String Sextet.

MARCH 22 Music From Marlboro.

MARCH 27 & 28. The Juilliard String Quartet.

APRIL 3 & 4. The Juilliard String Quartet.

APRIL 11 & 12: The Juilliard String Quartet.

APRIL 17 & 18. The Juilliard String Quartet andthe Concord String Quartet.

APRIL 25 & 26, MAY 2. 6, 9, 10, & 16. The Festivalof American Chamber Music.

JUNE 10, 13, 17, 20, & 24. The Library of Con-gress Summer Chamber Festival.

Presented under the Auspices of the SergeKoussevitzky Music Foundation in the Libraryof Congress

1986

MAY 6. The Festival of American ChamberMusic. Concerts from the Collections; The musicof William Schumann.

Presented under the Auspices of the McKimFund

1985

OCTOBER 16. Music by Herman Berlinski.

188

A -53


DECEMBER 13. Peter Frank!, piano; Gyiirgy Pauk, Presented under the Auspices of the Kindlerviolin; and Ralph Kirshbaum, violoncello. Foundation

1988

FEBRUARY 15. Joshua Bell, violin; and AngelaCheng, piano.

MARCH 7. Oscar Shumsky, violin, and MenahemPressler, piano.

MAY 10. The Festival of American ChamberMusic. The Music of David Diamond.

JUNE 10, 13, 17, 20, & 24. The Library of Con-gress Summer Chamber Festival.

Presented under the Auspices of the Norman P.Scala Memorial Fund

1986

MAY 16. A Jerome Kern Evening.

Presented under the Auspices of the Williamand Adeline Croft Fund

1986

FEBRUARY 6 & 7, The Beaux Arts Trio.

FEBRUARY 13 & 14, The Beaux Arts Trio,

Presented under the Auspices of the Mae andIrving Jurow Fund

1986

MARCH 14. Edward Parmentier, harpsichord,

Presented under the Auspices of the Boris andSonya Kroyt Memorial Fund

1985

NOVEMBER 9, The Eder Quartet.

A-54

1986

JUNE 6. The Concord String Quartet.

Presented under the Auspices of the Da CapoFund

1985

SEPTEMBER 21. Tafelmusik.

OCTOBER 5, The Aspen Woodwind Quintet.

NOVEMBER 16. Elaine Comparone, harpischord.

1986

FEBRUARY 1, Music From Marlboro

FEBRUARY 22.. Charles Neidich, clarinet, andElena Ivanina, piano.

MAY 23, Trio de la Fundacion San Telmo.

JUNE 12. George Lucktenberg and Anthony New-man, harpsichords.

APRIL 26. The Festival of American ChamberMusic: Marc-Andre Hamelin, piano,

RINE 10, 13, 17, 20, & 24. The Library of Con-gress Summer Chamber Festival.

It JNE 22-29. Franz Liszt Centennial Celebration.

Presented under the Auspices of the LouisCharles Elson Memorial Fund

JUNE 22-29., Franz Liszt Centennial Celebration,

IS

Appendix 13

POETRY READINGS, LECTURES, AND DRAMATIC PERFORMANCES

1986

FEBRUARY 4. Evelyn Brooks, recipient of J. Frank-lin Jameson Fellowship, lecture, "Righteous Dis-content: The Woman's Movement in the BlackBaptist Church, 1880-1930."

MAY 5. Gwendolyn Brooks, 1985-86 Consultantin Poetry, lecture, "The Day of the Gwendolyn."

Presented under the Auspices of the GertrudeClarke Whittall Poetry and Literature Fund

1985

ocroBER 1., Michael Anania and Mari Evansreading their poems:

OCTOBER 8. Symposium on Democracy in Ameri-ca and Alexis de Tocqueville, presented incooperation with La Societe Tocqueville/TheTocqueville Society.

OCTOBER 22: 75th Anniversary of the PoetrySociety of America. Readings by Barbara Guest,Michael S. Harper, David lgnatow, GalwayKinnell,. Grace Schulman, and Louis Simpson.

OCTOBER 28, Keri Hu lrne and Les A. Murrayreading from their v

OCTOBER 29. Ray Handy in "Ezra PoundThoughts from St. Elizabeths."

NOVEMBER 4-5. Alec McCowen in "Kipling."

NOVEMBER 12. Angela Jackson and Mark Perlbergreading their poems..

NOVEMBER 18.. A program of music and poetryfeaturing John Hollander and Hugo Weicgall.,

NOVEMBER 19, Doris Grumbach reading from herwork.

NOVEMBER 25.. Garrison Keillor reading from hiswork..

NOVEMBER 26. vVilliam Golding reading from hiswork..

DECEMBER 2. Readings by three winners of thePEN Syndicated Fiction Project awards: PatriciaMcConnel, Joyce Carol Oates, and W. D.Wetherell.

1986

JANUARY 20, Kofi Awoonor reading his poems.

FEBRUARY 10. Haki Madhubuti and Sonia San-chez reading their poems.

FEBRUARY 25. Donald Hall and Etheridge Knightreading from their work.

FEBRUARY 26. Yevgeny Y,xtushenko reading hispoems; Albert Todd reading translations.

MARCH 4. Michael Benedikt and John Tagliabuereading their poems:

MARCH 10. Rosalind Shanks and Gabriel Woolfin "Henry James: The Lion of Lamb House," astaged reading.

MARCH 11. Rosalind Shanks and Gabriel Woolfin "The Moated Grange" by Roger Pringleadramatic visit in poetry and prose to some En-glish country houses..

MARCH 25., D. H. Melhem reading her poems;Gwendolyn Brooks reading poems by DudleyRandall,

M211.8, An Evening of Chicano Poetry:, readingsby Lorna Dee Cervantes, Sandra Cisneros,.Alberto Rios, and Luis Omar Salinas.

APRIL 28. James Baldwin reading from his work.

1JOA-55


MARY PICKFORD THEATER FILM SCREENING PROGRAMS

Series: Washington PremieresOCTOBER 8-10, .985. Maria's Lovers; Songwriter,

Series: Before Rashomon(XTOBER 16- NOVEMBER 27, 1985. Horse fUmaj;Older Brother, Younger Sister (Ani !motel;L'Amour (Ramuuru, or Aibuj; Mr. Thank YoulArigato- sanj;, The Bride Talks in Her SleeplHanayome no Negotoj; The Groom Talks in HisSleep (Hanamuko r o Negotoj; A Pebble by theWayside (Hobo no Ishii; The Burden of LifeHansel no Onimotsuj; The Four Seasons of Chil-dren (Kodomo no Shikij; A Brother and HisYounger Sister (Ani to Sono Imotoj; A Pot Wortha Million Ryo (Hyakuman Ryo no Tsuboj; Wom-an of the Mist (Oboroyo no Onnaj; BlossomingPort Piano Saku Minato]; Composition ClasslTsuzurikata Kyoshitsuj; A Star AthletetHanagata Senshuj; Airplane Drone 1Bakuonj;Army fRikugunj; Children of the Beehivefflachinosu no Kodomotachij.

Series: HollywoodNOVEMBER 5-DECEMBER 19, 1985., Episode 1"Pioneers"; Episode 2: "In the Beginning"; Epi-sode 3:,"Single Beds and Double Standards"; Epi-.ode 4: "Hollywood Goes to War"; Episode 5:"Hazard of the Game"; Episode 6: "Swanson andValentino"; Episode 7: "Autocrats"; Episode 8:"ComedyA Serious Business"; Episode 9: OutWest"; Episode 10: "The Man with the Mega-phone"; Episode 11: "Trick of the Light"; Episode12: "Star Treatment"; Episode 13: "End of an Era."

Series: Charles DickensDECEMBER 2-28, 1985. Great Expectations; ThisIs Charles Laughton: Dickens on Elections; TheCricket on the Hearth (1823); The Cricket on theHearth (1909); The Life and Adventures ofNicholas Nickleby (1982); Nicholas Nickleby(1903); Hard Times (Parts 1-4); The Mystery ofEdwin Drood; A Tale of Two Cities.

Series: "Acting It Many Ways": Shakespeare onFilm and TelevisionJANUARY 8-MARCH 31, 1986. Henry V; Cymbeline(1982); The Winter's Tale; "Omnibus: SomeViews of Shakespeare's Hamlet*: Hamlet (1948);Hamlet (1920); "Rehearsing Hamlet"; Hamlet

A-56

(1969); Strange Illusion; Hnmlet and Eggs; ToBe or Not To Be; Othello (1952); Othello (1908);All Night Long; West Side Story; Romeo andJuliet; Much Ado about Nothing; Taming of theShrew (1908); Richard III (1911); Cymbeline(1913); Acting Shakespeare; Crowns andClowns: Shakespeare's Lancastrian HistoryTetralogyRichard II; Henry IV, Parts 1 and 2;Henry V; Chime:- gt Midnight. King Lear; "Om-nibus: King Lear"; Harry and Tonto; Richard III(1955); Tower of London; ShakespeareanSpinach; Richard III (1982); Taming of theShrew (1929); Taming of the Shrew (1911);Julius Caesar; Macbeth (1971); Macbeth (1978);Joe Macbeth; Macbeth (1948); Macbeth (1909);The Throne of Blood (Kumonosu-foR A Midsum-mer Night's Dream (1935); A Midsummer Night'sDream (1909).

Series: Noir LandscapesFEBRUARY 11 -MARCH 27, 1986. Niagara; Pursued;T-Men; The Third Man; Out of the Pas- Touchof Evil; Try and Get Me!; The Man from Laramie.

Series: American SatireAPRIL 10 -JUNE 30, 1986., Love Streams; The DarkHorse; Ballot Box Bunny; Smile; The Subur-banite; Once in a Lifetime; Diplomaniacs; RealLife; The Secret Cinema; The Miracle Woman;The President Vanishes; Rancho Deluxe; West-ward Whoa!; Meet John Doe; The Great McGinty;Husbands; A Cure for Pokeritis; The Candidate;The Sculptor's Nightmare; Hail the ConqueringHero; Munro; Forward March Hare; Zelig; NoNews Is Good News; First Lady; Used Cars; DuckAmuck; Sullivan's Tra vels; Bacall to Arms,

Series: Real-Life AmericaAPRIL 15 -JUNE 25, 1986. Italianamerican; Joe andMaxi; High School; Pick Up Your Feet: The Dou-ble Dutch Show; An American Family; Quiltsin Women's Lives; Garlic Is as Good As TenMothers; Marjoe; Deal; The Third Coast; ThirdAvenue; Salesman; Welfare; Middletown:"Family Business"; La, La, Making It in L.A.;Gates of Heaven.,

Series: Music and M- iesJULY 14-S2PTEMBER 30, 1986. Love Me Tonight;

191

Monte Carlo; Beware; An All-ColoredVaudeville Show; The Black Network; TheHeiress, Appalachian Spring & Of Mice andMen Introduced by Gillian Anderson; You'llNever Get Rich; Hollywood Canteen; TheT.A.M.I. Show; Lonely Boy; Jazz on Filmintroduced by Larry Applebaum; The Beggar'sOpera; The Rabbit of Seville; Jazz Mad; The RagTime Band; Beggar on Horseback; Singin' in theRain; An American in Paris; Unfaithfully Yours;Carnegie Hall; Heartbreak Highways; Blues LikeShowers of Rain; Koyaanisqatsi; Grand CanyonSuite; Call Me Madam & This Is the Armyintroduced by Wayne Shirley; Rockers; TheDesert Song; Gypsy Sweetheart; Going Holly-wood; Ed Sullivan's Headliners; King of Jazz:Stardust; Original Cast Album: Company &Anita Ellis: For The Record introduced by SamBrylawski; Renaldo and Clara; One Night ofLove; The Whale Who Wanted To Sing at theMet; What's Opera, Doc?; The Glenn Miller Sto-ry; The Fabulous Dorseys; Artie Shaw and HisOrchestra; Un Grand Armour de Beethoven; ASong To Remember; Dames; On with the Shop ;Music and the Silent Film, Part Twointroduced by Gillian Anderson; Hot Pepper; NoMaps on My Taps; Tales of Hoffmann Over the

Appendix 13

Edge; Show Biz Bugs; The Fleet's in The ZootCat; Junior Jive Bombers; "The Film Scores ofDavid Raksin," an illustrated lecture by JonNewsom; Broadway Melody of 1940; Specter ofthe Rose & The Cat Concertointroduced byDavid Parker; Top Hat; King for a Day; Urgh! AMusic War; Song of Summer; High Note; TheMusic Man;- Hallelujah introduced by Scott Sim-mon; Big Boy, Rhapsody in Blue & Hallelujah. I'ma Bum introduced by Sam Brylawski; Rock n'Roli High School; High School Prom; All the CatsJoin In Kiss Me. Stupid; Rooty Toot Toot:, GoldDiggers of 1933; Gold Diggers of 1935.

SpecialsOCTOBR 9. 1985. "Posthumous Gershwin," a lec-ture. with film clips, by Wayne Shirley.

ula11051.3t 14-28. 1985. Movies for Children: Dick-ens. A Christmas Carol; Scrooge; Oliver!.

IANUARY 25-NtARcii1:,,; 1986. Movies for Children:Whistle Down the Wind. The Black Shield of Fal-worth:: The Wiz.

5dPrE:Miwi 6, 1986. Movies for Children: TheThree Caballeros.

?92 A-57

Appendix 14Library of Congress Publications'

ACCESSIONS LISTS Subscriptions available tolibraries from the Field Director, Library of Cor.-gress Office, at the addresses indicated..

BRAZIL American Consulate General. Ab-dullah Haroon Road, Karachi, Pakistan. Bi-monthly.

EASTERN AFRICA American Consulate General,Abdullah Haroon Road. Karachi, Pakistan. Bi-monthly.

MIDDLE EAST American Consulate General: Ab-dullah Haroon Road,. Karachi. Pakistan. Bi-monthly.

SOUTH ASIA American Embassy, New Delhi,Tridia: Monthly.

SOUTHEAST ASIA American Consulate GeneralAbdullah Haroon Road, Karachi Pakistan. Bi-monthly:

AFGHANISTAN AN AMERICAN PERSPECTIVE A GI IIDE TO

11 S. OFFICIAL DOCUMENTS AND GOVERNMENT-SPONSORED PUBLICATIONS, by Julian W. Witherell.(Near East Series, No. ). 1986., 158 p, Paper-bound., $5.,

AFRICA SOUTH OF THE SAHARA INI)EX TO PERIODICAL

LITERATURE Third Supplement. 1985., 306 p.Hardbound. $15.,

ANNA 1AL REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS FOR

THE FISCAL YEAR ENDING SEPTEMBER 30. 1985. 1986:238 p. Hardbound. $14.50.

ANTARCTIC BIBLIOGRAPHY Vol.. 14.. Edited by GezaT. Thuronyi. 1986, 604 p. Hardbound, $26,

AUTHORITIES A MARC FORMAT Update No. 2. 1986.50 p. Paperbound Cataloging Distribution Ser-vice $10.

A-58

BIOGRAPHY & BOOKS. edited by John Y. Cole. 1986.76 p., Paperbound. Information Office, $4.95.

BOOKS FOR CHILDREN No. 2. Edited by Margaret N.Coughlan, 1986., 24 p., Paperbound. $1,

BOOKS IN MY LIFE. by Robert B. Downs. 1985. 20 p.Paperbound. Free from the Central ServicesDivision.

BRAILLE BOOK REVIEW Free from the NationalLibrary Service for the Blind and PhysicallyHandicapped.. Bimonthly: In braille and in print.

CALENDAR OF EVENTS IN THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESSFree from the Central Services Division. Monthly.

CASEY AT THE BAT 1986. 8 p. Paperbound.; Withrecording. Information Office, $5.95.

CASSETTE BOOKS, 1985 1985. 368 p. Paperbound:Free from the National Library Service for theBlind and t'hysically Handicapped..

CATALOG OF COPYRIGHT ENTRIES (Fourth Series). Inmicrofiche.

SERIALS AND PERIODICALS. Vol. 5. Part 2,, No. 1.;January/June 1982, $5 per issue domestic,$6.25 per issue foreign.

This is a list of titles issued during the fiscal year Fora more complete list see Library of Congress Publications inPrint Unless otherwise indicated, priced publications arefor sale by the Superintendent of Documents. U.S. Govern-ment Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402. NLS/I3PHorders should be addressed to the National Library Servicefor the Blind and Physically Handicapped, Library of Con-gress. 1291 Taylor Street NW,: Washington, D.C. 20542Other requests should be addressed to the division or officelisted, Library of Congress. Washington, D.C. 20540.

Payment must accompany all orders for priced publica-tions For foreign mailing of publications available from theSuperintendent of Docurnants, one-fourth of the publicationprice should be added unless otherwise stated. InformationOffice and Cataloging Distribution Service prices include thecost of foreign and domestic mailing.

193

PERFORMING ARTS, Vol. 2, Part 3, No. 3, July/September 1979. $4.25 per issue domestic,$5.31 per issue foreign.VISUAL ARTS. Vol. 2, Part 5, No. 1, January/June1979. $6 per issue domestic, $7.50 per issueforeign..MAPS, Vol. 2, Part 6, No. 1, January/June 1979.$4.50 per issue domestic, $5.63 per issueforeign..MAPS, Vol., 2, Part 6, No. 2, July/December1979. $4.50 per issue domestic, $5.63 perissue foreign.SOUND RECORDINGS. Vol., 2, Part 7, No. 1,January/June 1979. $7 per issue domestic',,$8.75 per issue foreign.,

CATALOGING SERVICE BULLETIN Paperbound.Cataloging Distribution Service, $18. 4 issues.

CHINESE NEWSPAPERS IN THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS A

BIBLIOGRAPHY. compiled by Han-chu Huang andHseo-chin Jen. 1985. 206 p. Hardbound.: $13.

CIVIL WAR MANUSCRIPTS. A GUIDE TO COLLECTIONS .N

THE MANUSCRIPT DIVISION OF THE LIBRARY OF CON-GRESS. compiled by John R. Sellers. 1986. 391 p.Hardbound. $20.

THE CODIFIED STATUTES ON PRIVATE INTERNATIONAL

LAW OF THE EAST EUROPEAN COUNTRIES. A COMPARA-

TIVE STUDY. by Ivan Sipkov. 1986. 55 p. Paper-bound:. Free from the Law Library.

THE COMMUNITY OF THE BOOK A DIRECTORY OFSELECTED ORGANIZATIONS AND PROGRAMS, compiledby Carren 0. Kaston. 1986. 123 p. Paperbound..Free from the Center for the Book.

DIGEST OF PUBLIC GENERAL BILLS AND RESOLI f i IONS

Paperbound.. Single copy prices vary.,99th Congress. 1st session. Final issue.,

DISCOVERIES 1986. Paperbound. Free from theNational Library Service for the Blind and Physi-cally Handicapped.

FICTION FOR ELEMENTARY SCHOOL. READERS 93 p.

FICTION FOR INTERMEDIATE SCHOOL YEARS 90 p.t.t(rtoN I OR YOUNG, TEENS 108FICTION FOR THE:, YOI INGE:ST READER 71 p.

1

Appendix 14

FEDERAL CYLINDER PROJECT Hardbound.Vol. 2., NORTHEASTERN INDIAN CATALOGSOUTHEASTERN INDIAN CATALOG. Edited by JudithA. Gray and Dorothy Sara Lee. 1985. 419 p.$14.

FOLKLIFE ANNUAL 1985, edited by Alan Jabbour andJames Hardin. 1985: 175 p. Hardbound. $16.

FOUR DUBLINERS WILDE. YEATS, JOYCE, AND BECKETT,

by Richard Ellmann. 1986. 106 Hardbound.$7.

FOR YOUNGER READERS. BRAILLE AND TALKING BOOKS.

1984-1985 1985. 165 p. Paperbound. Free fromthe National Library Service for the Blind andPhysically Handicapped.,

GEORGE ORWELL & NINETEEN EIGHTY-FOUR. THE MAN

AND THE BOOK '1985. 150 p. Paperbound. $3.50.

A GUIDE TO OFFICIAL ' ZETTES AND THEIR CONTENTS

1985. 207 p. Pape pound., Free from the LawLibrary.

THE HIS' ORY OF BOOKS AND LIBRAR1ES TWO VIEWS, by

John P. Feather and David McKitterick, 1986.32 p. Paperbound. Free from the Central Ser-vices Division.,

THE INDIVISIBLE WORLD LIBRARIES AND THE MYTH OFCULTURAL EXCHANGE, by Daniel J. Boorstin. 1985.16 p. Paperbound. Free from the Central ServicesDivision.

INFORMATION RESOURCES IN THE ARTS A DIRECTORY.compiled by Lloyd W. Shipley. 1986. 161 p.,Hardbound: $10.

INTERNATIONAL DIRECTORY OF TACTILE MAP COLLEC-

TIONS 1985., IA p. Papery )und. Free from theNational Library Service for the Blind and Physi-cally Handicapped.,

LC CLASSIFICATION-ADDITIONS AND CHANGES. Paper-

bound. Cataloging Distribution Service, $13.75per copy. Lists 218-221.,

IX: SCIENCE TRACER MILLET Paperbound. Free fromthe Science and Technology Division. TB 85-3 -TB 85-10.

A-59


LC SUBJECT HEADINGS WEEKLY LISTS 1985-86. Paper-bound. Cataloging Distribution Service, $100 ayear.

LETTERS OF DELEGATES TO CONGRESS. 1774-1789Clothbound.

Vol, 12. February 1-May 31, 1779. 1985.595 p. $20.

THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CARD AND GIFT CATALOG,

1986-1987 1986. 32 p. Paperbound. Free from theCentral Services Division.

THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 1985 1986. 36 p. Paper-bound: Free from the Central Services Division.

LIBRARY OF CONGRESS SELECTED PUBLICATIONS. 1986

1987. 1986. 32 p. Paperbound. Free from the Cen-tral Services Division.

LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CLASSIFICATION [schedules],CLASS B. SUBCLASS B% RELIGION CHRISTIAN DENOMI-

NATIONS 1985. 605 p. Paperbound. CatalogingDistribution Service, $14.

LIBRARY OF CONGRESS INFORMATION BULLETIN Paper-

bound. Free to publically supported librariesfrom the Information Office. Weekly,

LIBRARY OF' CONGRESS SUBJECT HEADINGS IN MICRO-

FORM. Cataloging Distribution Service. S70 ayear. Quarterly.

MARC SERIALS EDITING MIME', SECOND CONSER EDITION

Update, July-December 1985. 1986. 36 p. Paper-bound. Cataloging Distribution Service. $11.

XIONTHLYMAAUSTOFSTAMMUJCAMNS Paper-bound. $29 a year.

MUSIC. BOOKS ON MUSIC. AND SOUND RECORDINGSPaperbound: Cataloging Distribution Service,,$105 a year. Semiannual.

TIIE MI TSICAL MAINSTREAM Paperbound. Free fromthe National Library Service for the Blind andPhysically Handicapped: Bimonthly. In print ii,braille, and on cassette.

NAME Al 'ilioRrriF:s. CL i MI ILATIVE MICROFORM EDITION

Cataloging Distribution Service. $250 a year.Quarterly

A-g0

NATIONAL DIRECTORY OF LATIN AMERI( ANISTS. Thirdedition, edited by Inge Maria Haitian. 1985:1,011 p., Clothbound. $34.50:

NATIONAL LEVEL BIBLIOGRAPHIC RECORDS. Paper-bound. Cataloging Distribution Service.

MAPS Update no. 2. 1986. 290 p. $25.music Update no. 4. 1986. 326 p. $20.

NATIONAL UNION CATALOG Microfiche. CatalogingDistribution Service.

BOOKS $400 a year, Monthly.U.S BOOKS. $280 a year. Monthly.AUDIOVISUAL MATERIALS. $75 a year. Quarterly:CARTOGRAPHIC MATERIALS $135 a year. Quarterly.REGISTER OF ADDITIONAL LOCATIONS $175 a year.Quarterly,

NATIONAL UNION CATALOG OF MANUSCRIPT COLLEC-TIONS. 1984, and INDEX, 1980-84. 2 v. 1986, Catalog-ing Distribution Service, $100.

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No, 11. THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS NETWORK ADVIS-

ORY COMMITTEE. ITS FIRST DECADE. 1985, 48 p.$7.50,No. 12. KEY ISSUES IN THE NETWORKING FIELDTODAY PROCEEDINGS OF' THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS

NETWORK ADVISORY COMMITTEE MEETING 1985.88 p., $7.50.No. 13. TOWARD A COMMON VISION IN LIBRARY NET

WORKING 1986., 95 p. $7.50.No., 14. THE CONSER PROJECT RECOMMENDATIONSFOR THE FUTURE. 1986. 122 p. $7.50.

NEW SERIAL TITLES A UNION LIST OF SERIALS FIELD BY

LIBRARIES IN THE IINITED STATES AND CANADA Paper-

bound: Cataloging Distribution Service, $350 ayear, 8 monthly issues, 4 quarterly issues, andcumulation.,

NEWS Paperbound. Free from the NationalLibrary Service for the Blind and PhysicallyHandicapped. Quarterly In print and braille.

OVERSEAS OUTLOOK Paperbound. Free from theNational Library Service for the Blind and Physi-cally Handicapped Semiannual.

195

POETS AND ANTHOLOGISTS. A LOOK AT THE CURRENTPOET-PACKAGING PROCESS. by Reed Whittemore.,1986. 28 p. Paperbound: Free from the CentralServices Division.

THE PRINTER & THE PARDONER: AN UNRECORDED INDUL-

GENCE PRINTED BY WILLIAM CAXTON FOR THE HOSPITAL

OF ST. MARY ROUNCEVAL CHARING CROSS. by PaulNeedham. 1986.,101 p.. Hardbound. InfurmationOffice, $27.50.

R IS FOR READING 1985. 193 p. Paperbound. Freefrom the National Library Service for the Blindand Physically Handicapped.

SAMUEL BECKETT. NAYMAN OF NOLAND, by RichardEllmann. 1986. 36 p. Paperbound. Free from theCentral Services Division.

SAMUEL GOMPERS A SELECTED LIST OF REFERENCESABOUT THE MAN AND HIS TIMES. by R. David Myers.1986. 64 p. Paperbound. $2.

SUPPLEMENT TO LC StrafECT HEADINGS 1985. Paper-bound. Catalogiug Distribution Service, $65 ayear Quarterly, with annual cumulation.

SYMBOLS OF AMERICAN LIBRARIES 13th edition..1985. 394 p. Paperbound, Cataloging Distribu,tion Service, $13.

Appendix 14

TALKING BOOK TOPICS. Free from the NationalLibrary Service for the Blind and PhysicallyHandicapped. Bimonthly. On flexible discs andin print.

TALKING BOOKS ADULT,, 1984-1985 1985. 228 p.Paperbound. Free from the National LibraryService for the Blind and Physically Handi-capped.

THE THEODORE ROOSEVELT ASSOCIATION FILM COLLEC-

TION A CATALOG, prepared by Wendy White-Hensen and Veronica M. Gillespie. 1986. 263 p.Hardbound. $12.

UPDATE Paperbound. F-ee from the NationalLibrary Service for the Blind and PhysicallyHandicapped. Quarterly. In print and in braille.

U S. IMPRINTS ON SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA A GUIDE TOPUBLICATIONS CATALOGED AT THE LIBRARY OF CON-GRESS Vol, 1., 1985, 1986. 105 p, Paperbound.$6.

USMARC. FORMAT PROPOSED CHANGES Paperbound.Cataloging Distribution Service. $30.

Update no. 1. 1986.Update no. 2. 1986.,

196 A-61

Litigation

United States District Court

CASE

McRae v. Librarian ofCongress

(86-2000)

Nance v. Librarian ofCongress

(86-1784)

Fox v, Boorstin(86-1767)

NATURE OF ACTION

Employment discrimination



Slade v. Boorstin Employment discrimination(86-1723)

AFSCME; Local 2477v. Boorstin

(86-1699)

Appendix 1. 5

Breach of contract and Title VII

McGuirl v. Boorstin Employment discrimination(86-1467)

Chamurlisky v. Boorstin Employment discrimination(86-1246)

Parker v. Boorstin Constitutional claims(86-1163)

STATUS

In litigation

In litigation

In litigation

In litigation

In litigation

In litigation

In litigation

In litigation(consolidated with86-0847,86-0760,and 86-0429)

Mokhiber, et al. v. Constitutional claims SettledBoorstin

(66-1160)

Kungle v. Zimmerman Constitutional claims Dismissed(86-0983)

Maxwell v. Boorstin Constitutional claims Dismissed(86-0885)

A-62 IS?

Appendix 15

CASE NM ORE OF ACTION STATUS

Parker v. Boorstin(86-0847)

Judd v. Boorstin(86-0821)

Maxwell v. Library ofCongress

(86-0781)

Parker v., Boorstin86-0760

Ford v. Boorstin(86-0696)

Moses v, Boorstin(86-0594)

Parker v., Boorstin(86-0429)

Pitts, et al, v. U.S,(86-0089)

American Council of theBlind et al. Boorstin

(85-3836)

Smith v. Boorstin(85-3335)

Nguyen, et al. v.Boorstin

(85-1786)

Neiuwdorp v, Boorstin(85-1592)

Christian v, Boorstin(85-1269)

Van Ee v. Boorstin(85-1131)



Constitutional claims

Classificatior Act




Tort claim

Constitutional claims






(33

In litigation(consolidated with86-1163, 86-0760,and 86-0429)

In litigation

Dismissed


In litigation

In litigation


In litigation

Decision for plaintiff

Decision for the Library

Settled

Decision for plaintiff

Withdrawn by plaintiff

In litigation

A-63


CASE

Cardenas v. Boorstin(85-0823)

BELC v. Boorstin(85-0674)

Lyons v. Boorstin(84-3970)

Parker v., Boorstin(83-2994)

Cook, et al, v. Boorstin(82-0400)

Ethnic Employees of theLibrary of Congress v.,Boorstin

(82-2264)(80-2163)

Clark v. Boorstin(80-0554)

NATURE OF ACTION

Constitutional and Privacy Act claims

First Amendment and employmentdiscrimination




Constitutional and employmentdiscrimination

First Amendment violation

United States Court of Appeals or the District of Columbia

Neiuwdorp v. Boorstin(86-5472)

Cook v., Boorstin(86-5191)

Keeffe,, et al, v., Boorstin(84-5464)

Iftikhar v., Boorstin(84-5237)

Denial of attorneys' fees


First Amendment claim


United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit

AFSCME, Local 2910 &Jackson v. Boorstin

(FMCS 84K/00464)

A-64

Attorneys' fees

I8J

STATI IS



In litigation

Withdrawn by plaintiff

Awaiting decision

In litigation

Settled

In litigation

In litigation

Decision in part forLibrary; in part forplaintiffs



CASE

Agner, et al. andChar lson, et al. v.United States (CAFCNo. 86-0558)

NATURE OF ACTION

Claim for overtime wages

United States Supreme Court

Library of Congress v.Shaw

(85-54)

Attorneys' fees

Superior Court of the District of Columbia

United States v.1Vard law

(M2943-86)

United States v,Baskerville

(M2948-86)

Unlawful entry

Appendix 15

STATUS



Convicted

Unlawful entry Pled guilty before trial

United States v. Berejka Unlawful entry(M2947-86)

United States v. Fa lloon Unlawful entry(M2950-86)

United States v. Collins Unlawful entry(M:3064-86)

United States v. Hirzv Unlawful entry(M2946-86)

United States v. Maloney Unlawful entry(M3029-86)

United States v. Maxwell Unlawful entry(M2949 -86)

United States v. Unlawful entryMokhiber

(M3026-86)

Pled guilty before trial

Acquitted

Acquitted

Convicted

Convicted

Convicted

Convicted

United States v. Unlawful entry ConvictedNininger

(M2945-86)

A-65200


CASE

United States v. Powell(M2944-86)

United States v. Simon(M2942-86)

United States v. Thomas(M3928-86)

United States v.Haggerty

(M3084-86)

A-66

NATURE OF ACTION

Unlawful entry

Unlawful entry

Unlawful entry

Unlawful entry

201

STATUS


Convicted

Convicted


Index

AACR 2. see Anglo-A men«in Cataloguing RulesAbbott. Marian B .ABC, Television. 6Abrao. Elaine Y.:. 86"The Aratiemic Mentor." 7Accession-level cataloging. 52Accessions lists. A58Accounting Office. officer, voIl hievc,g Excellent e A fhnnato e At ban at 00. Lamm of

COngress. 1973-1985 13

ACQUIRE system. 6:1Acquisition activities

automation. 51.57. 63blanket ordering. 5. 16, 57Congressional Researt h Servit e. ARcopyright deposits. ss. I1H 7(1 '8est flanges. 57-59. 69. MIforeign, 5. 5H-59gifts. 57-58., 84. Migwernment dixannents. 58. A9Law Lamm. los. H2. AHProt Servit es. 56-60purchases. 5. 96-57, 68. A2. A8 A0Resean h .'ervi«,. 6H-70review and selection. 1serials. 5statists( s. A4 -A4subjet I area. «Met lions.

Al ttosition and Pro( essmg ,S1411(111 Must er suAiquisitions

Cataloging in hada alum program. itiCongressional Restart h Semi( t AHest flanges. MI

for the blind and PlivsiIalls bandit Miltedforeign. 5. 56-59. 69- 7(1. H2government do( uments 70. Milaw and legal materials. sis, H2. H4, AH81400s, ript «Mei lions. 17 WI 70. A4- AIinaps and atlases. lift 57. 613-69 Ati- A7no rolorms. 68 70, 82, 91. Al, -A7, A8motion pit tures 5. 57-58. 1113. Al, A7 AHmasa 5. 57, 69. 70. A4 Al. MI A7. A1Hnewspapers. 711. 84. Ali -A7pamphlets. 9prints and photographs 5. 57. tot Ati A7 A42 A4rare books. A'3H -A i4

I I I (Limo.

recordings, 97. 70. A4 A5. Alfaserials. 5. 51i. 6H, 101, 82 AIRsaurt es. AH-A9stalistu s. A4-A7tele% boon programs. sis. 57. hHtransfer of funds or matenak. Allsec also Gifts

Atquisitions and Overseas Operations. Oftio e of the Dire( -tor for (Prix ) 11

°lb( ers. Is sAl itositions and ('rot essing Ihs ision ((:ow HI,

obit ers. is"Ailing It \Lin% \lass' Shakespeme on 111n1 and Tele% 1-

5ion.. 77. A5f,

.\t ling Shakespeare : \l6Adams Mart Ann. 12. 72Adam+, Melba I)Adams. RalphAdams 110hill Building

Computer Catalog (:enter,gilt funds lot A40 A41restoration and renovation

At)

is

ss 2 'I 10 14 II,Add-on Ear Eastern Languages Catalog \ I I

Add-on lam labrart Catalog .\ IIAdd-oil %Lim Catalog AI1Add-on Must( Catalog All.\dif-on Off Catalog AllAdministration of the tablas I 22

.\dininistrative 1)etail Program 11

Administrative tiers a es Se( tion InAeronatilit s. hair of trust fund A21.: \27,It lonnutit s and Spa( C Flight twos 71.Affirmative It tam i I

.thirmati%i. At ton I dims ship, I I

Affirmative At lion (Ito 1.. 13

off i«.r. vuAffirmative At lion Ret ruit Progiam I I

.11gluitostan In .1meri«in Peso./ toe I Limb. Ott,t sal Doi unloads and Gm eminent Spunsipiell fable enon,. 03 lg. 71. ASH

.11rst n South of Sahara hales to Priniolio ul Lactatailto. 71. ASH

Aim an and Middle Eastern lb% Isom .!%, 7,5 78()Haig', sireader servii es 74. A16-

2 0

I-1

Report of The Librarian of Congress.

African mate.ials. S. .Pt. 5 . . 56 17 711

et t ession list. A58gift funds. A32-A33. A42-A4.1

African Section (Afr ME), 39officers. xi

African Studies Assoc iation 83Afric.ana Acquisitions Fund. A32-A.1.1Africana (Aledion, A32AFSCME (,,merican Federation of State. (:Ounly. and

Municipal Employees). 19, 83. 87Agencies. federal: we S government agenciesAgencies, state and local: A9Agency for International Development, 70. 81Agriculture. U.S. Department of (LINDA), 29Airplane I) Illation/. A56ALA; see American Library Assoc !alumAlbin. Michael WAlbright.. William. 77Alderson, Brian, 26Alexander. Bill. 94Alim. Barba. xiAll Night Long. A51;"All Souls Day El dm de lox muertos, 2.1 -24All the Cats loin In. A57An A II.Colored Vuudei ate Shoo A57Allen. Cassandra R ,,. xiAllen. Ii A2Allen (Raye Virginia) Trust funcl A2. A26-A27Alsop. Joseph W papers, 17American Assoc Whin for the Advancement of Slavic, Studies

gift funds. A32-A.13Atingle an Asscx cation of 14w libraries 8.1. 81. 86American Bar Association. 81, 8.1

gift fund. 82, A8, A32 -A.1:1Amens an Ibbliogniphy of Slut u and East Furopeon Studies

76

Amen( aBritish Law Division (1.1.) 81

offn (Is. ixAnierican er Siaiety. 20Amen( an Cartoon Drawings Cutlet bon, 6American Council of the Blind. 3An Amen( an Faintly, A56American Federation of State. County and Municipal

Employees (AFSCME). 19. 83, 87American Film Institute, Inc.; 76

gift fund. A32-A.13Amery on Folk Music and Folklore liec timings. 1981. 24American Folklife Center xix. 21

appropriations. 2gift and revolving funds, A26-A27. A 12-A13. A38-A39,

A44-A45officers, viiireader services. A16-A17

1-2

Amen( an Folklore Ste irt%.American history

c hair. A26gift and trust funds. A26-A27. A.10-A31. A.12-A 13

An American in Paris. A57American Indian materials, 24. A38American Institute of Arc hitec is Building. 28American Institute of Architects Foundation, Ire gift funds,

A32-A33American LIW Division (CRS) 41-45. 47-49

officers, viiiAmerican lAin Reports. 84American Library Association (ALA). 6. 28, 36. SI. 57, 6S -hi

conferences. (1(1. li1American hteratuir, gift and trust funds. A30-A31, A40-A41American National Standards Institute (ANSI). 65American Pmductivity ;ssociation, 87American l'svc hological Association, gift funds. A34-A.15American Public. Works Administration of Canada. 87"American Renaissance: Toward a Malts Media Em vim

podia." A51"American Salim" 77, A56American Sex mlogual Assoc iation. gift funds. A34-A35"American Treasury." television series. 31American 'I list for the British Library. 22"Amerscan t Inucrstand tag of India." symposium. A34-A35AMIGOS. .30. 75).'Amour Biammiru. or Athol. A5t)Amusement and Music Operators Assm iation (ANIOA).111Anania. Michael, ASSAnarchism collection. 68Am fens A mg% du ant croon! le Bern con

mummies par Venn lerou val. 82Anderson. Gillian. A57Andrews. Joseph I., Bibliography Award. 82AnghAmru on Cataloguing Bales 2 (A ACH 2) 51 56. 60Anita Ellis For the Rev ord. AS7Annenberg Fund Inc ., A34-A35Annex,. see Adams (John) BuildingAnnexes, see Buildings of the Library. annexe,Anniversaries

American Folklife Center, xix,, 2:1Cataloging in nn program.. xxCataloging Publication Division. 59Center for the Book.. xixCONSER Project, (10Democracy in Amer( a, 77Galatea. La, 27, A51Liszt centennial. 77, A54Poetry Society of America. 77., ASSPorgy and Bess. 27Shared Cataloging Division. 53ll S Constitution. 78

203

Annual Report of thel4brorion eef f her the F1.4 at YearEnding September 30 1983. 39. A58

Annunzio. Frank. vi A2Antonin. Bibliography. 39. 76.APIF (Automated Process Informal' File). 51Appalachian Spring, A57Applebaum., Larry., M6Appropriations. xx. 1-4. 32. A50

acquisitions from appropriated funds. 511. AHstatistics. A23., A24-A25

Arab-American literature conference, gift funds. A40-A41Architect of the Capitol. 2. 9. 16Architectural Drawing Collection. 8Architectural materials. ti. A32 A33"The Architectural Photographs of fat k Rout her DIABS)."

exhibit. 28. MIArchitecture. exhibit. A51Archive of Folk Culture, 24

gift funds. A38-A39officer. viiireader services. Alb-A17

Archive of Folk Song, see An hive of Folk CultureArchive of hispanic Literature on Tape. 70Archive of World Literature on Tape. 70Archives of the Indies. Spain. 70Area Studies. 72, 79

officers. x. xiArmstrong. lames x

Army Plikuguni. A56Army. Department of. 81Army Library Institute. .01Artie Shan and Ifs. On he.tro. M7Asbestos control. lbAsher Autograph Collection. 73Asian Division, 27. 57, 67. 78

officers. xireader services. A1b-A17

Aspen Woodwind Quintet. A54Assistant Librarian for Copyright Services: %fp Register of

CopyrightsAssistant Librarian for Processing Services. ix. 54Assistant Librarian for Research Services. x, 7. 11Associate Librarian for Management., vii

st e also Management ServicesAssociate Librarian for National Programs. yin. 23.. A34Associate Librarian of Congress. vii. 3. 11-12Association for Asian Studies, gift funds, A34 -A35Association for the Advancement of Slavic. Studies.Association of American Publishers., 87Association of Research Libraries. 51. 62. 65Atiyeh. George N... xiAtlanta. University of. 13

'04

Atlantic Port Cities" exhibit. 27. 78Atlantic. String Quarts :. A53Atlases. see Maps and atlasesAudio material. acquisitions. A4-A5Audiovisual Section (Spin Mat Cat). 52Audit reports, 10Ammon. Elizabeth II ,Austin. Judith P., xiAustin. Richard II , viiAustrian National Library. 11Authorities A MAIM: Formot, 65. ASHAuthority records. 56"Autocrats." A56Autograph collection. 7. 73Automated Information Servers. Office of (( :RS). officer. viiiAutomated Process Information File (APIF). 51. 63Automated Systems Office (ASOI. 8. 14-16. 51. 52. 57. 62:

63. 64. 90officers. vii

Automationadministrative activities. 10. 14. 16. 18. 22Copyright Office. 81,. 89. 90Law libran.. 84National Programs. 25. 29-30. 32-35Pm cuing Services. 51-53. 62. 63-65Research Serve es. 71-73. 75

Automation and Reference I:ollections ,Section (GRRI.officers, xt

Automation officer (Res). xiAutomation Planning and Liaison Olin a IAPI.0). 51. 52. 57.

61- I4()ulcers. x

Auxiliary catalogs. stati stic.. Al2Avra in. Dennette I) . ix. 65 -66Avrii Ii. Paul. Collet tem. 68Awoonot. kofi. ASS

liabine. Alexis V,. bequest. A26-A27fku all to Arms. MbBaker. James, vi. A2Baker, Ronald 23

Baker and Taylor Company., gift funds. A34-A35Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985.

1-3. A30-A31; A42-A43. A46-A47Balch Institute for Ethnic Studies. 25Baldwin. lames. 77. ASSNallantyne., Lygia. xBallot Box Bunny, A56Bangladesh materials. 5. A.16-A37Barnard (Frank NI I Foundation. A34-A35"Baroque Finale: exhibit. A51HMIs. Peter T., 24

1-3


Bartley, Linda RBarzun, Jacques. 7Beaux Arts Trio, 77, A53. A54Becker, Herbert S , viiBeckett. Samuel. :17. 76. A59Be'er Moshe. 70Beethoven Association. A30"Before Rashomon: Japanese Film Treasures of the '30s and

'40s," 77. A56Beggar on florsebai k, A57The Beggar's Opera. A56Bell. Joshua.. A54Bellefontaine. Arnold G . yinBelmear (Herbert W ) Memorial Fund. A34-A.15Benedikt. Michael. A55Benjamin (William Evarts) Fund. A26-A27Bennett.. John. 37Bennett, Tony, 26Bequests, forms of, vi

see also Gift and trust fundsBerlinski. Herman, 76. A5:1Bernal. Marie-Louise II , 81Bernard. Patrick x

Berne Convention, 3, 88, 95. 102Bernier, Bernard A., Jr,. xiiBerube. Louis, ixBessie. Simon Michael, 6, 7Bhutanese materials. 5Bib Flip II. 56BIBL. 73Bibliografia delle ()pert' sul thrift() degli Stab I 'nth in i,Inguu

Straniera. Sezione italiana, 81Bibliographic Center for Research,. Denver, :toBibliographic Citation, 15Bibliographic Control Section (NLS/BP11), 35Bibliographic Products and Services, Office of the Director

for., 51officers, x

Bibliographic records. 51; 54 -56. 60-62Bibliographic services. 56

serials, 60-62trust funds for. A26-A27

Bibliographic Services (Photodup), assistant chief for. viiiBibliographies, 34, 35, 38-39. 42, 43. 72, 75-76

gift and trust funds to support. A26-A27. A32-A33law and legal materials. 81statistics. A16see a:so titles of published bibliographies

Bibliotheque Nationale, France, 75, 82Big Boy,, A57Billings, Henry,. A2Binding, statistics, A22

1-4

Binding Office. 72officer, xi

Biography, gift funds. A44-A45Biography and Books. A58The Black Network, A56The Black Shield of Falworth, A57Blackstone. William, 82Blancher!. Howard A viiBlanket Order Section., 56"Blaeu Maps." exhibit. A52Blind and physically handicapped. services to. 32-31i

acquisitions. AR. A9. M8appropriations. A24. A50employment statistics. A23gift and trust funds. A26-A27. A28-A29. A40-A41.

A42-A43. A44-A45publications. A58, A59, A00. A61statistics. A18-A20see also National Library Service for the Blind and Physi-

cally HandicappedBlinded Veterans Association, 3Blixrud, Julia, x, 60Blossoming Port Marla Saku Minato]. A56Blues Like Showers of Rain A57Boggs, Lindy. 23Book deacidification program, see Mass Book Deacidifica-

tion ProjectBook Garden, funds for support of, A34-A35"The Book in History and the History of the Book." lecture. 38Book Paging System, 16. 63, 72Book Preparation Section, 72Book Service Section (Col Mgint), officers, xi"Book Studies in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe." sym-

posium, 6Books for Children. 26. 39, A58Books in My Life, 38, N58"Books in the Grand Tradition." exhibit. 27. A51"Books Make a Difference An NBC/Library of Congress

Project," 6"Books Not Bombs," 4Boorstin, Daniel j. vi, vii, xii. 1. 2. 26. 38. A2. A59Bortnick, Jane. ixBoucher. Frederick, 94Boucher. jack. 28. A51., A52Bound Pamphlet Collection, 53Bowker R R trust fund,, A20-A27Brademas, John, 7Bradunas, Elena., 24, 25Braille Book Review,, A58Braille Development Section., 36Braille Magazine of the Quarter program. 36Braille materials. 33-36. A18, M9, A20, A44-A45

203

Index

Braille Si ores Catalog 1'0( at Part II Popular SupplementA. 35

Branca, Giovanni. 68Brazil

accessions list. A58acquisitions from, 58. 60. 70field director. xgift funds for materials. A38-A30see also Rio de Janeiro held office

The Bride Talks in !ter Sleep Illanacome no Negoto]. A56h'shead Bet ICI t.& 68

bodge. Peter 11, x. 66Briefings, 45, 46, 81, 86tirmr. Paul, 87British Library. 22British Library Association, 7.3Brittle books end serials, A22Broadcasts, 40. A44Broadttav Melodv of 1140. A 57Brodenck. John C.. 5.. 7Brunner. Simon J., 24Brooks. Evelyn, A55Brooks. Gwendolyn, 26..51. 77..155A Brother and I trs Younger Sister pm to Sono A56Brownstein. Cv, viiiBRS Information T('( hnologies. .5013ryand. John, 04l3rylawski. Sam. A57Bryn-Julson. Phyllis A5.5Budget officer vuBuildings Management Division

(di( erssee also labrars Support Servo Os Otto e

!holdings of the Libraryannexes, 10. 17. 1854 71appropriations 1

dead obit( atom f,o day. 2-.5. 0-10. 17 73gift funds A40-A41restoration and limos at ion ss- 10 14 16. 17

67

(PIN 011111111111( dhotis s\ stem 14

see also Adana ((01)11) Building. Jefferson (Thomas) Build-ing. and :Madison (James) Memorial Building

Buildings Servo es Se( t(011Bumpers. Dale 0413undesarthiv West Germans. 7013urc hheld Robert 6The Burden of late /tinsel no Ommotsof A56Burke. \hi hail D is

Burma A38 .130Burnett. Edmund C A36Bush. Nan( v 1. . sin

Bush. StephenBusiness Week Magazine. gift funds, A.34-A,35Butterworths. 68Butts, Charles, 87Buzescu. Petru, 81. 8.3Byrum. John I) . Jr, x

Csabinet of American Illustration, 8Cable television, copyright. 92-04. 06-97. 112 (table)Cadaval, Olivia, 23Ca:, tz (Morris and Gwendolyn) Foundation. 78

gift funds, A34-A35Cafritz Foundation Scholarly Activities Fund, A44-A45Cairo. Egypt. field office. So. 58-50Calder. Jenni. 38Calendar of Et ents in the Librars Cimgress. A58California, University of. San Diego, 54Call Nle Nladam, A57Camparone, Elaine. A54Campos, Orlando 1., is. 86The Candidate MbCanfield, Earl, viiiCannan, Judith P is 50Capitol (II S )

Law Library Capitol brans h 81. A16, AlinLibrary station officer. +a

Capitol Hill Hospital Child Care Center. 14Capitol ,Station, 75

officer, +a"Cap'n 0 G Readmore's Jack and the Beanstalk." 6Card Control Unit. 64(farclano. Girolamo, 68Caricature dribs ings

eshibits. A.51trust funds, A.30-A3 I

Carlyss. Earl, 77Corneal, Robert It +di

Carnegie Corporation of Ness 1 (irk, trust fund A26-A27Carnegie Hall, A57C'arrington, David Is mi. 76Carroll. Frank I; siCarrollton Press. 84Carter, Constanclis, SrCartographic history (1 ), honorary consultant xiiCartography, see Maps and atlasesCartoon drawings

eshitnts, 78, MIoptical disk file. 8trust funds. A.30-A31, A44-A45

Cases' at the Bat, :3(1, A58Caspar. Gerhard. soCassette books, .56 A 18 A 1'i. i\20 A44 -A45

2U"

1-5


Cassette Books. 1985, A58Cassette machines. 35, 36Cassidy, Frederic, 25Castro-Klaren, Sara, xiThe Cat Concerto. A57Catalog cards, 60. 62-63

auxiliary: Al2general. Allphotoduplication, A21printing, A15sales and distribution, A13. A14. A15statistics, All, Al2

Catalog Management and Publication Division (Proc), 62officers. x

Catalog of Copyright Entries. A58-A59Cataloging

audiovisual materials. 52automation. 15., 51, 53cooperative. 54-55descriptive. 51-54. 59foreign-language. 53, 59gift funds for. A38 -A.34. A44-A45machine-readable material., 55-56manuals. 55. 56. 61. 65microform. 61minimal-level. 51. 53. 56. 61. A6-A7. Al()motion pictures. 72. A10music, 52. A10newspaper, 60, 71pamphlet collection. 53 71recordings. 52serials, 60-62, A10. Allstatistics. A10subject, 55, 59. A10see also Cataloging distribution. MARC. and National Pro-

gram for Acquisitions and Cataloging (NPAC)Cataloging. Office of the Director for (Proc, 51-56

officers. xCataloging and maintenance of catalogs. statistics. A10-Al2Cataloging distribution. 63-64

employment statistics A2.3

statistics, A13-A15Cataloging Distribution Service (Proc). 7. 50. 51.52. 61-65

officers. xCataloging Division (Cop). 86, 90

officers. ixCataloging in Publication (C1P). xx. 34Cataloging in Publication Division, 50. 57, 19. 60

officers, xCataloging Sem( e Bulletin. A59Catalogs, 35, 62. 76, A2

automation. 72

1-6

207

gift funds. A44-A45sales and distribution. A13. A14see also titles of specific book catalogs

Catalogs, cardstatistics. Al 1,, Al2

Caxton. William. 37. 76. A61CBS News. 31CBS Television 6"A Celebration of Cervantes." exhibit, 78"A Celebration of the Fourth Centenary of La Galatea."

exhibit. 27, A51Center for Research Libraries, 54Center for the Book. xix, 6-7. 25. 28

executive director. viigift funds. A8. A34-A35

Central administrative services. 18-19Central Charge File (CCF). 75Central Files Unit,. 18Central Services Division, 18-19

officers, viiCentro Venezolano Americano, gir funds. A34-A35Certifications and Documents Sect J n (Cop), 89Cervantes. Lorna Dee. A55Cervantes Saavedra. Miguel de. 27. A51Cervantes Society. 78Cervantes symposium. 77. 78Chafee, John, 95Chamber music

festivals. A53-A54trust funds for composition and performance of. A32-A33

Chang-Diaz, Franklin,. 21"Charles Dickens." film series. 77. A56"Charles Dickens and the Performing Arts." exhibit, A51Chase, Janet, viiCheng, Angela, A54Chestnut. Paul xii

Pai-shih, 39Chicago. University of. 54. 62Chief internal auditor. viiChildren of the Bohn t. 111w hinosu no Koch A56Children's Books, Catalog of. statistics. AllChildren's literature, 32, .34. 39. 60

gift funds. A8Children's Literature Center, 6, 25-26

officers. viiireader services. A16-A17

Children's Literature Center Fund. A36-A37Childs (James Bennett) Fund. A36-A37Chile. National Library, 57Chimes at Midnight. A56China. People's Reputilic of. visits from. 86Chinese and Korean Section (Asian), officers, xi

Index

Chinese. Japanese, Korean (CJK) Project. 54Chinese materials, 6. 39, 54. 69Chinese Newspapers in the [Aran of Congress A Bibliog-

raphy, 39. 75. A59Chinese Union Catalog, statistics. Al2Cho. Sung Yoon. ix. 81Christiansen. Hugo W, xA Christmas Carol. A57Ch'uan kuo pao k'an so yin (National index to newspapers

and serials), 69CIA reference aids series. 58CIP: see Cataloging in PublicationCirculation Control design document. 16Circulation of materials

interlibrary loans. 30. 34. 84, A19Law Library: 84statistics., A17to the blind and physically handicapped. Al9

Circulation Section (Loan), officer. xiCisneros. Sandra. A55Civil War Manus( ripts A Guide to Celle( turns in the

Manuscript Division of the [Aran of Congress, .18. 76,A59

Clapp (Verner \V ) Publication Fund. A44-A45Clarke. Gertrude. estate of. gift fund. A.16-A37Class ITsuzurikata Kyoshitsu!. A56Class schedule. 83-84Classification

statistics., A10. M1see also Decimal classification

Classified book collections. 5. A4-A5Cliburn. Van. 6Cochran. Thad. 95The Codified Statutes on I'm ate International Lim of the

Eastern European Countries A Corpora-alit f. Studt . 81.A59

Cohen. David Steven. 37Coin- operated players: see Jukebox licensingWINS III (Copyright Office In-Process System) xx 15 81( 88Cold Regions Bibliographt 76

Cole. James P.., ixCole. John V,. vii, 12, 39. M8Cole. Leon M . yid"Collecting Children's Books." symposium. 6Collection Services Office (Law), 82-83Collections Development Office. 4-6. 12. 56-57. 89

officer. vinCollections Improvement Section l(;o1 ',Own!). officers. xiCollections Maintenance Section (Col Mgmt). 71

officers. xiCollections management. 4-5. 71. 83-84

Collections Management Division. 67officers. xireader services. A16-A17

Collections of the Libraryacquisitions. A4-A9classified. A4. MO. Allgeneral., A8 Allinventory. 71Law Library. 83-84see also Acquisitions and Preservation and care of the col-

lectionsCollins. Jane. (i8"Colloquy on Folklife and University Education." 23Colt. Mrs. IL Dunscombe. 58Comaromi. John P.. x"Come on Down to the Library." videotape 33"Comedy- A Serious Business." A56Commentary sur h Code Crimmel Traduiti de F.Inglais 82Commerce, U.S Department of. 88Committee on Automation Planning., 11Committee on the Representation in Machine- Readable Form

of Bibliographical Information IMARBI). bhCommittee prints. 43Ccmmitiee to Select Prints for Purchse under the Pennell

Fund. xiiCommunication Act of 1934. 94The COmmunitt of the Hook. A Direr tort ot Selet to-dOrgain-

7ations and Programs. 39. A59Complete Oral Arguments of the So prvnip Court fl 'nap('

Slates) 1969-1982. 82Composing l'nit. 18CompuServe. .10Computer Applications Section. 64Computer Catalog Center.tomputer programs. copyright 92 99- 101Computer Service Center. officer. viiComputer-aided design and drafting (CAI)1O %%stem. 10Computers. 10. 11. 14. 16 18 25

nth rocomputers. 22. 25.113 72"Computers and Modern Scholarship." 7Concerts, 76-77

gift funds for performances and ()Iliad( as) int!. A2A28-A29. A32-A33. A-10-A41. A44-A45

list. A53-A54Cony rd String Quartet. A54Conference of Due( tors of National Libraries (CDNI.). 11Conference of Librarians Serving Blind and Ph% all% I lamb-

capped Individuals. :12Conferences and symposia labrar% 6 7. 23. 25-26. 29. 32.

72-73. 77-78. 81. A55gift and trust funds. A34-A31. A31)-A37

2081-7

Report of The. Librarian of Congress, 1986

Congress (11S )congressional hearings. 1-2copyright legislation. 93-96Impeachment Trial Committee, 49Joint Committee on the Library: vi. 2. A2Joint Economic Committee. 4.3legislation. A5099th Congress. vi. 1reading promotion. 6-7services to. 2-3. 75. 79-81see also House of Representatives (U S ) and Senate (II S

Congressional Continuing Education Fund, A36-A37Congressional Issues and Process Education Fund. A36-A37Congressional Reading Rooms. 42Congressional Re( onl, 7. 9. 73Congressional Reference Division (CRS), 41

officers. viiiCongressional Research Service. xx, 81

acquisitions. A8appropriations. 1. A24-A25. A50automated information services. 15employment statistics. A2.3exhibits. A51function of. 40gift funds. A36-A37inquiries statistics. 4(1. 43officers. viii-ix., xxipublic programs. 78reference centers. 42reference services. Albnreports. 42-44. 46research services. 40-49seminars and workshops. 41, 42. 45. 46. 48

CONSER (Conversion of Serials). 51. 60. 61CONSER Abstracting & lndexin3 ;I-neut. tilCONSER Editing Guide. 60CONSER MiniMal-Level Cataloging Section. 61CONSER operations coordinator. xCONSER Participants and Advisory Group. 66The CONSER Prowt. Recommendations for the Future. 60.

A60Conservation of books and other materials, see Preservation

and care of the collectionsConservation Office. 73

officer., xiThe Constitution of the Demo( rata- People's Republic of

Korea. 81Consultants, honorary. xiii

gift and trust funds for. A30-A31Consumer Relations Section (NI.S/B111), 35Contracts

administrative services. 10-11,, 13., 14. 17National Programs. 28-30. 34-35

1-8

Processing Services. 53-54. 56. 57. 61Research Services. 73

Coolidge, Elizabeth Sprague. A26Coolidge (Elizabeth Sprague) Foundation, A26-A27

concert sponsorship. A53Cooperative cataloging. 54-55Copyright

audiovisual materials. 99-100automation. 15. 86. 89business summary. 109 (table)cable television. 92-94. 96-97: 101. 112 (table)cancellations, 91, 98computer programs. 92. 99 -10(1databases, 89. 99deposits. xx. 68. 70. 89-93, 98. 110 (table). 111 (table). A9fees, 92-93. 109 (table)infringement. 99-101intellectual property. 91 -92. 112 (table)international. 101-102, 103-107 (table)judicial developments, 96-101jukebox licenses and royalties. 91 -92. 112 (table)legislation, 93-96lending of works, 96litigation. 92, 94. 96-98manufacturing clause, 94. 97-98mask works. 89. 95. 102moth- 1. pictures. 4, 90. 91, 93music. 94. 96notice. 100-101ornamental design. 96photocopying report. 96prints and photographs, 100public information access, 92recordings, 94, 96records, 18, 89registration. 15. 86, 89-91. 98. 108 (table), 113-115 (table).

A24nrenewals. 108 (table). 109 (table), 112 (table)royalty fees, 93, 96, 97television programs, 93-97. 101visual works. 96. 108 (table). 110 (table)

Copyright Act of 1976. 93. 96, A50Copyright Licensing Division. 91Copyright Office, xx. 81

acquisitions. 1. 68., A8appropriations. 17. A24, A50automation, 86, 89. 90employment statistics, A23formalities study,, 87gift funds, A34-A35international activities, 101 -102,, 103-107 (table)judicial developments. 96-101

2 0 it)

Index

labor relations. 87legislative developments. 93-96Motion Picture Agreement. 4officers. ixRegister of Copyrights, ix. 87, 93. 44, 96. 102, A50regulations. 91-96reorganization. 88-90South Korean law aid. 88staff activities. 86-87visitors. 86workload and production. 85. 88-91, 108-115 (tables)

Copyright Office In-Process System (COINS), xx. 86. 88Copyright Office Publication and Interactive Cataloging

System (COPICS). 90Copyright Registration for Automated Databases. 89Copyright Services. Assistant Librarian for: see Register of

CopyrightsCoronelli, Vincenzo, 27. A52Coronelli globes., 27, 28. 78, A52Correspondence referral program. 74Correspondence services. 78-79

statistics. A17"The Cost of a Bad Book." 7Cotsen, Lloyd, 25Coughlan, Margaret N... 26. 39. A58Council of International Nontheatrical Events (LINE). 82Council of Scholars. 7

gift funds. A34-A35. A36-A37. A44-A45Council of Scholars .'und. A36-A37Coun, I on Library Resources. Inc.. 55. 65

gift ...Inds. A36-A37Counsel for Personnel. Office., of. 20

officer. vii"Cover to Cover.," TV program. 26Cowell. Henry. catalog. A2Crawford, John C.. xCrick. Bernard, 38The Cricket on the Hearth., A56Croft (William and Adeline) Fund. A36-A37. A54Cronin, John W.. bequest., A26-A27Crosby., Kathryn (Mrs. Bing). 26Crowns and Clowns: Shakespeare's Lanccstrian History

Tetralogy-Richard II, A56Croy. Catherine M., viiCruz Ceno y Olmedilla. Juan de la. 27Curatorial Section (M/B/RS). officer., xiiA Cure for Pokeritis, A56Curran, Donald C.. vii. 11-12. 102Curry., Wilhelmena, 67-68Customer Information Control System (CICS). 15Customer services officer. xCustomer Services Section (CDS). 64Cylinder recordings. 24. 37, A22

Cvlke, Frank Kurt. viiiCymbehne. A56

Da Capo Fund. A44-A45. A54D'Alessandro. Edward A.,. xiDames, A57Danforth. John. 49 46Daniels. Josephus. 70The Dark Horse, A56Data General computer. 14. 15Databases. 7-9. 15. 16. 34. 43. 51. 55. 81. 89. 99

see also names of specific information systemsData processing

Congressional Research Service. 15Management Services. 17see also Automation. Databases. and names of specific

information systemsDavenport., Nancy A ., viiiDavis. Leroy D.. 68Davison. Peter. 38The Day of the Gwendolyn." A55Deacidification. xx., 2-3. 5, 9-10. 17. 73Deal., A56Decimal classification., statistics. A10Decimal Classification Division (Proc). 55

officers, xDecisions sur les coutumes de Berry Livres V et VI. 82The Defining Characteristics of Modern Scholarship." 7Democracy in America., anniversary., 77. A55Denchy. Dorothy. xiDepartments. U S : see specific namesDeposits. 68, 70, 89. 92 93 98 110 (table). 111 (table). A9Deposits and Acquisitions Divisions (Cop). 90-91

officer. ixDeputy Librarian of Congress. vii., 2., 3, 8, 72, 89Descriptive cataloging. 51-54. 59

statistics. A10Descriptive Cataloging Division (Proc). 10. 53. 54. 60

officers, xDescriptive Cataloging Policy. Office for (Proc). 51

officers. xThe Desert Song, A5iDe Tocqueville. Alexis. 77, A55Detroit Publishing Company collections. 8Dewey Decimal Classification, 55

editor. xgift funds for editing. A38-A39

Dewey Decimal Classification for School Libraries. Britishand International Edition, 55

Dewey Decimal Classification Online Project, 55DIALOG Information Service. 30Diamond.: David, 76, A54

1-9

210


Dickens, Charlesexhibit. A51film series, 77. A56, A57

Dictated Music. An Instruction Manual. 35Dictated Music Protect, 35Dictionary of American Regional English, 25Digest of Public General Bills and Resolutions, A59Digital Equipment Corporation. 30Diplomaniacs. A56Directories. 24. 39, 75. 76Directors of National Libraries conference. 11.. 66, 72Disaster planning. 3. 73Disbursing Office. officer. viiDiscoveries. A59"Discovering India." exhibit. A51Distribution Section (CDS). 64District of Columbia Summer Youth Employment Program.

13

Division Satellite Group. 88Dixon., Judith. 32Dobbs. Kimberly W,. xDockstader. Raymond L,. yinDocumentation and Reference Section (M/BiRS). officer, xiiDocuments; see Government publicationsDocuments Expediting Project. 58

gift funds, AR. A36-A37"Does Scholarship Matter?." 7Doherty., Joan. ixDominican Republic: Divorce Law. 81Donoghue. Denis, 38Donohue. Joseph., 28Dorn, Georgette M.. xiThe Double Dutch Show. A56Double String Quartet, 77Dove, Bobby F., viiDowney: Thomas, 96Downs, Robert B.,, 38, A58Doyle, Chaises. viiiDrayer, Linda. 102Drayer., Donald 1-1:, papers. 69Drawings

acquisitions. A6-A7architectural, 69, A32-A33caricature and cartoon., 78, A30 -A31,, A51copyright, 108 (table). 112 (table)exhibos. A51gift and trust funds. A28-A29. A30 -A31., A32-A33preservation. A32-A33

Duck Amuck,, A56Duke., Vernon, collection, 5Duke Street Annex. 10, 17, 71Dunham,, Judith, 37

I-10

Dunlap, Lloyd A.. 76Du Pont. Marcella Miller, papers. 69Duval, Pierre. 69

Eames (Charles) Collection. A28-A29. A40-A41East European studies A32-A33Eastern Africa

accessions list, A58gift funds for acquisitions, A42-A4.1

Easy Cassette Machines (E-1). 36Ecole Francaise &Extreme Orient. 82Economics Division (CRS). 41-47

officers. viiiEd Sullivan's Headliners. A57Eder Quartet. A54Editing and Input Section (Pros). 61"Editing as Discovery: What Melville Really Wrote." 6Education. U.S Department of., 25Education and Public Welfare Division (CRS). 41, 42, 44.,

45. 48. 49officers. viii

Educational Liaison Office. 26-27officer. viii

Egyptfield director. xsee also Cairo. Egypt, field office

Ehlke, Richard C.. viiiEhrenberg. Ralph E.. xiiEichenberg, Fritz, 26Ellis, Anita, A57Ellmann. Richard, 37, 76. A59Elsbree, Hugh L , Jr. viiiElson., Bertha L.., bequest, A26Elson (Louis C.) Memorial Fund., A26-A27"The Empire That Was Russia: Photographic Recoil by Sergei

Prokudin-Gorsky," exhibit, A52Employee art and craft show. A51Employee emergency fund, A34Employee Intervention Laws in Various European Countries,

81Employment Office, 21Employment statistics, A23"End of an Era." A56Energy., U.S. Department of. 30Engelhard (Charles W.) Fund, A36-A37Engelhard Lectures on the Book, 38Engineering Planning and Development Office. officer, viiEngineering Section (NLS/BPH), 36English-language poetry tthair. A28-A29. A32-A33English Language Serials Cataloging Section, 61Environment and Natural Resources Policy Division (CRS),

41-43. 45-47officers, viii

211

Index

The Epidemic of Theory." 7Equal Employment Opportunity Commission; 87Equal Employment Opportunity Complaints Office. 14

officers, viiEqual employment opportunity programs. 13-14Equal opportunity (EO) complaints, 14Erdreich., Ben. 95Erickson, John, 37Ethnic Heritage Studies Program. 25European Division. 67. 76

officers, xireader services. 74., A16-A17

European Law Division (LL). officers. ixEuropean materials. 57European Reading Room. 74Evans. Luther. papers. 18. 69Evans. Mari. A55Evans (Archibald B.) Fund. A8. A26-A27Evans (Luther H,) Memorial Fund. A36-A37Examining Division (Cop). 87-90

officers. ixExchange and Gift Division; 57-59. 84

officers, xExchange programs. 57-59. 69. A9Executive assignment and classification appeals officer. viiExecutive Council. Center for the Book.Executive Session 3Exhibits. 10. 27-28

Center for the Book. 6gift and trust funds. A28-A29. A30-A31. A44-A45Law Library. 82list. A51- A52National Programs. 30-.11Research Services. 78traveling. A44-A45. A52

Exhibits Office, ID. 27officers. viii

Exxon Educational Foundation. gift funds. A36-A37"The Eve of a Caricaturist." exhibit: A51"Ezra PoundThoughts from St Elizabeth~." A55

The Fabulous Dorset's. A57Facsimiles. gilt funds for. A44-A45"Family Business." A56' ar ['astern language catalog cards. Al5I'm Eastern Languages Addon Catalog, AllFar Eastern Languages Catalog. A 1 1Far Eastern Law Division (11). 81

officers. ixFarley. James A . papers. 70Farm Security Administration files. 8Fay. Peter xi. 76

Fazio. Vic. 95Feather John 38Federal Accounting and Reporting system (FARS). 16Federal Acquisition Regulations. 10Federal Agencies Collection. 7Federal Cylinder Project. A Guide to Field Cylinder Collec-

tions in Federal Agencies. 37: A59Federal Depository Collection, 76Federal Information Policies. Their Implementation and

Implications for Information Access. 29Federal Labor Relations Authority (FLRA). 20Federal Law Update series. 47-48Federal Librarian Update Sem'iars. 29Federal libraries. 29. 30

cataloging data distributed to. A13Federal Library and infrirmation Center Committee (MCC),

28-29officer, yin

The Federal Library and Information Center Committee APlanning Study. 28-29

Federal Library and information Network (FEDLINK). 28-30Federal Library Committee (FLC)., gift funds, A36-A37Federal Records Center, 89Federal Research Division (Res). 67. 78

officers, xiFederal Writers' Prolect, records. 70FEDUNI: (Federal Library and Information Network). 28-30Feinberg (Lenore B. and Charles E ) Fund. A8. A26-A27Ferrarese. Mary Ann, viiiFerruso. Agnes. xiFertig. Barbara C., 24Festival of American Chamber Music. 77. A53., A54FETCH command.. 63. 72Filing Section (Prot). 63Filipino materials. 53, 57The Film Scores of David Raksin," A57Films and filmstrips. see Microforms and microfilming and

Motion picturesFilstrup, E Christian. x. 50l'ilstrup, Laurie Smith. ixFinancial management. 17

statistics. A24-A25Financial ..lanageinent Office. officers. viiFinancial statistics. A24-AA9Fine. Vivian. 77Fine arts. gift and trust funds for. A26-A27. A28-A29'Fine Printing. The Los Angeles Tradition." 6Fmkelman. Paul. 82Finsen Susan C.. viiiF'inster, Howard. 37Finzi. John C, vii. 12Firkusnv. Rutiolf. A53

212


First Lady. A56Fiscal Control Section (Cop). 88Fish, Hamilton. Jr,, 95Flacks. Lewis ix. 102The Fleet's In, A57"Flight in Film," exhibit, M1Florida Maritime Heritage Survey Project. 24-25Floyd., Kitty. 28Flute collection. A40-A41Folk Art ond Art Worlds. 24Folklife ond Ethnomusicolog% Resource Persons in the

Iquted States ond Canoda. 24"Folklife and Public Education." symposium, 23Folklife Annuol 1985. xix. 24, 37, A59Folklife projects

activities, 23-25gift and trust funds. A26-A27. A38-A39

Folklife Soureebook 24Ford, Wendell. 94Ford Foundation.. 24

gift funds. A36-A3(1Foreign Affairs and National Defense Division (CRS). 41. 44

officers. viiiForrign Investments and Taxation of Foreign Enterprises and

Persons in Mullane,. 81Foreign-language materials

acquisitions. 5. 56-59. WI. 70. 82. Acicataloging 53 54gift funds for. A36-A37. A.18-A39law and legal, 80, 82-84preservation. 6

Foreign Language Serials Cataloging Section. 61Foreign program. gift funds. A38-A39Forest Press, 55. 66

gift funds. A38-A39Forms management program. 18Fort Detrick. Maryland. deaudification facility, 4-10Forum on Federal Information Policies. 29Fortiori! Mon h Hare, A56"The Foundations." 7Founder's Day Concert. A53Four Dubliners. Wilde. Yeats. tut c is. and Bei Wt. 37. 76. A59The Four Seasons of Children Ikodoino A5(iFrancis., H M ,. drawings, 69Frank. Barney. 94Frankl, Peter. A54Franklin., John Dope. 7French literature, gift and trust funds. A26 -A27French Section. 53Frenzel. Hill. (15Fridley. Russell 11 21

I-12

Friends of Music in the Library of Congressconcert sponsorship. A52gift and trust funds. A26-A27. A38-A39

Friends of the Folk Archive, gilt funds, A38-A39Frissell (Toni) Collection. A46Frissell (Toni) Fund. A46-A47Frosio, Eugene, T., xFurniture and furnishings. 1, 9. 17, A24. A50

Golotro. La., 27. A51Gorily Is os Good os Ten Mothers, A56Garvey. Gerald T., viiGaspard, Thomas de la Thaumassiere, 82Dotes of Heoven. A56Gazettes; see Newspapers and gazettesGeac International. 65Gee. Robert. 83General catalog. AllGeneral counsel, vii

Office of the. 3-4General counsel (Cop), officer, ixGeneral management services. 16-19General Reading Rooms Division, 74. 76. 78

officers, xireader services. A16-A17

General Reference, officers. x. xiGeneral Services Administration, 10GENPAC (Books ;eneral/National Program for Acquisitions

and Cataloging), 56Geography., trust funds for a chair of, A32--A33Geography and Map Division. xix. 68-1)9. 71, 76. 78

exhibits. A51officers. xiireader services. 74. A16-A17

George Omen & Nineteen Fight -Four: The Nlan anti theBook. 38. 76. A59

German (Aptured Documents Collection; 70German materials. 5. 70Gershwin. George. 5. 27. tit)Gilihs. Anthony. Archive. 70Gibson, Gerald D xiiGift and trust funds, vi. A2-A3. A8. A24-A25

list. A26-A40Gift Fund. A32-A47Gift Section (E&G). 57Gifts. 4-6. 57-58, 68-70. 78. 84. A2

torins of. vistatistics, Ail

Veronica M,. 38. 76, AblGilreath. lames. :19Gingrich. Newt. viGish (Lillian) Foundation. gift funds. A38-A3(I

213

Index

Glasby. Dorothy J.. xGlasgow. Richard E.., ixThe Glenn Miller Story, A57Glos, George E.. ix. 83Goddard Space Flight Center. 3. 10, 73Godwin. lames L.. viiGoff (Frederick R.) Memorial Fund, A38-A39Going Hollywood. A57Gold Diggers of 1933. A57Golddiggers of 1935. A57Golding, William, 77. ASSGompers, Samuel, 38Der Gondellahrer, 69Gone With the Wind. 88Gonzales, Alicia. 23Gonzalez. Armando. ix. 81The Good Earth. 68Gore., Albert, 94

Gottscho (Samuel IL) Fund. A38-A39GottschoSchleisner Archives, A38-A39Government agencies; see 11.S government agenciesGovernment Division (CRS). 41. 43, 44. 48-49

officers, viii

Government documents. see Government publ I( at ionsGovernment Printing Office. 18, 34, 54, 58, 60Government publications. 7, 9, 38-39, 54, 58, 60, 70. 71.

76, A9. A36-A37Government Publications Section (tier), officer. xiGraber. James S viiGraduate Cooperative Education Program, 13Gramm- Rudman - Hollings Act. 1-3"Gramm-Rudman-Hollings." Into Pa( k. 41Grand Canyon Suite. A57Graphics and Records Management. 18Graphics (Ina. 18Gray, Beverly Ann. xiGray. Judith A , 37Gray. \enneth, 94Great Britain. television programs 57. 08Great Court of JudicatureOld Supreme ['mart (Japan).

1885-1921. 82Great Expe(Iations. A56Great Hall. 23. 78The Great Nh Girth A50Greek materials. 5Green, Archie. 23. 37Green. Karl R xiGreen (Constance M( Ldughlin) Revolving Fund. A8. A-16-

A47Grwena Fund, A8( ;rim. Ronald E.. 76The Gramm Talks in Ili, Sleep (I lanonniko no Negotol. A50

Gross, John. 7Grouse Creek Cultu.31 Survey. 24Grumbach. Doris. A..5Grunberger, Mich el W, xtGrunley-Walsh Construction Co., Inc.; 9. 16Guenter, Dorev... 3:"Guest, Barbara. A5Guggenheim Chair of Aeronautics. A26-A27Guggenheim (Daniel) Fund for the Promotion of Aeronautics.

Inc.; A26-A27Guides and finding of is. 38. 60. 61. 76. 88

gift funds, A34-A35Gupta, Eunice S. xGushee, David , viiiGutenberg Bible, 31-32Gyps% Soeetheart. A57

Ilm kensm k (N J.) lit,mrd. 70Hahn. Ellen Z . xiHail the COnquering Vero A56Hale. Robert, 25-26Hall Donald. A55Ilalleltoah, A5711filleitila0 o HMI), AS7"Ilallev s Comet." exhibit. A51Hamelin. Marc-Andre. A54Ilannd. Abdul, Calle( tam. 8!Mallet, ASSHandel and Eggs. A56Ilandhuok of Latin Ametuiin Slmlies. 70

editor, xiHandicapped Awareness Program, 21Handicapped Program. 21Handy. Ray. A55Ilanks. Nvinphus . bequest. A20 A27Hord Times. A50Hardin. James. 24. 37. A59Hardt. John P.. viiiHarman. Inge Maria. 39. 75. Alai

Mu hael S.,. A55Ilarpsichord. gilt funds for «nu ert, A28Harriman. W Averell, paper,. 57Harrison. Anthony P,. n 90. lotHarrison. Harriet W., \ii..18llorry and Tonto. A56Ilarverd Law Schoof Library, 82Harvard University. 54Harvard-1 (inching Library (dialog 09Hass. John Henry. viii!hawk!. Mark a. vi11wes. Beth Lomax. 23Haaorth Press, 70

1-13

214


Ilayford. Harrison. o"Hazard of the Game." A56Head. Anita K.: 83Health Benefits Fair. 19Health Section (CRS Ed). 41Health Services Office. 19

officer. viiHeartbreak flightvas. A57Ilebert., John R., xiHebraic Section (Afr'ME). 7

officer. xiHebraic. Union Catalog. statistics. Al2Hebrew romanization guidelines. 52Hedrick. Floyd 1).., viiiIlegeman. Annie-May: A30lieginbotham. Stanley I. viiiHeineman Foundation. gift funds. A38-A39lieinemann Fund. A8The Heiress. A57Hemperley. john 0.. viiHenry IV, A56Henry V. A56"Henry lames: The 1 -ion of Lamb House." reading. A55Ilerie. I.A. Euclid. :12Herman. Steven I.. xiIleynen. Jeffrey: 6Ileyward., Dorothy. 27Ileyward. Dubose. 27Hiatt. Robert M.. xIlickerson. Joseph C.. viii. 25High Note. A57High School. A56High School Prom. A5711111. Victoria ( . xiIlimmelfarb. Gertrude. 7Him., Lewis. A51Hines. Patricia S.. x. 5Hispanic Acquisitions Section. 57Hispanic activities. gift funds. A40-A41Hispanic culture. specialist in. xiHispanic Division. 57. 67, 77-78

officers. xireader services. 74. A16-A17

Hispanic Law Division (LL). 81officers. ix

Hispanic materials. 57trust funds for purchase of, A28-A29

Hispanic Publication Fund. A40-A41Hispanic Reading Room, 74Hispanic Society Room, trust funds for equipment and main-

tenance. A28-A29Historic America: Buildings. Structures, and Sites. 37

1-14

Historic: American Buildings Survey (ABS). 8. 28. 69. A51Historic American Engineering Record., 69Ilistory

chair. A36gift and trust funds. A26-A27, A3 -A31. A36-A37.

A44-A45see also American history

The History of Books and Libraries: Too Virus, 38history of Photography. tilHistory of Women. 61Hoffman. Miles. 77Hogan. Thomas F., 4Holcomb. Morrigene. viiHollander. John. 77. Ass"Hollywood." 77., A56liollywood Canteen. A56"Ilollywood Goes to Wr.r." AsoHolmes (Oliver Wenuell) Devise. A8

Permanent Commilee. officers. xiiHopper. DeWolf., 39Horse ll/mal. A56Norwood. Richard. 69flot Pepper. A57Houghton Mifflin Co.. 87"House of Justice: County Court Architecture." exhibit. A51House of Representatives (U.S.(

Committee on Appropriations. 11Committee on Energy and Commerce. 41. 43, 47Committee on Foreign Affairs, 45, 46Committee en Governmental Operations. 41Committee on House Administration. 2Committee on Science and Technology. 41. 46copyright. 93-96externally funded position review. 11floor proceeding videotapes. 2reading promotion action. 6. 7Speaker of the House. xviiSubcommittee on Courts. Civil Liberties. Ind the Adminis-

tration of Justice. 93.: 94Subcommittee on Legislative Branch Appropriations. 1-2.

11

Task Force on Libraries and Memorials. 2telecommunications system hearings. 2Ways and Means Committee. 41

Howard. Richard C.. xiHoward University. 13Hsia. Gloria H.. xHsia. Tao-tai. ix. 81Hsin hua yueh puo (New China Monthlyt, 69Huang. Han-chu. 39, 75: A59Hubbard (Gertrude M.) Bequest, A2n. A24n. A26-A27Hubbard Fund., A8

215

Index

Hufford. Mary. :17Mime. Keri, A55Hunt. Marforie. 37Huntington. Archer M. 78Huntington. Archer M.., trust fund. A8. A25n. A28-A29.

A32-A33Huntley. William R.. xHusbands. A56Husovaky. Jahn A.. viiHutson. James H.. xii

IBM Corporation, gift funds. A28-A29. A40-A41IFLA: see International Federation of I.ibrary Associations

and InstitutionsIgnatow. David. A55Illinois. University of (Urbana-Champaign). 54Image Conversion Technologies. 30"Impact of Modern Scholarship." 7in the Beginning." A56Incunabula, A6-A7Index to Latin American Legislation. 81-112Indexing. 7, 8India

exhibit on. A51field director. xgift funds. A38-A39see also New Delhi. India. field office

Indiana University., 23The Indivisible World: Libraries and the Myth of Cultural

Exchange. 38, A59Indonesia

field dircr':r. xsee also Jakarta. Indonesia. field office

Info Packs. 41. 42. 44Info Mart "Index Education." 30Information Access Corporation. 8Information and Reference Division (Cop). 87. 39-90. 96

officers. ixInformation General Corporation. 30Information Office., 30-32. 39

officer. viiiInformation Resources in the Arts: A Directory. 39, 76Ingersoll. Robert G.. 21Inouye. Daniel K.. viInquiry Status and Information System (ISIS). 15Instruction: see Training and inriructkmInstructional Cassette Recordings Cc talog. 35Instructional Disc Recording Catalog, 35Insurance Company of North Ame.ica. gift funds. A40-A41Interagency Working Group on Intellectual Property., 101Interlibrary loans. 30. 34. 84. A19Intern Program. 19

Internal Audit Office, 10-11International Association of Law Libraries (IALL). 83International cooperation

copyright relations. 101-102. 103-107 (table)exchange of materials. A9

International Directory of Tactile Map Collections. A59International Federation of Li..rary Associations and Insti-

tutions (IFLA). 11: 26. 30-31. 38. 52. 61. 65. 66. 72International Serials Data System (ISDS). 61. 66International Standard Bibliograp'aic Description (ISBD). 52International Trade Comtm:ssiol.. 95Introductory Lecture to a Course of Law Lectures. 82Inventory of the collections. xx. 71. 89ISM: see International Serials Data SystemIsenberg Clarinet Fund. t2li-A29Islamic legal collection, gift funds for development uf.

A44-A45ISOD. 14!son, Mary M.: xiiIsraeli materials. A38-A39Issue Briefs, 15, 42

defense. 46energy. 47foreign affairs. 44. 45nuclear safely, 47Space Shuttle accident. 47tax reform. 42

Italianamerican. A56Ives. Edward D.. 37

Jabbour. Alan. yid. 24. 25. 37, AtilJackson. Angela. A55Jacob. Louis. A.., xiJagusch. 3ybille A.: viii., '26Jakarta. Indonesia, field office. 59James. Henry. A55James. Olive. C.. xiJames Madison Memorial Building: we Madison (James)

Memorial BuildingJameson (J. Franklin) Fellowship. A2. A55Janitorial services. 16Japan, 56, 69Japan Publications Tr-ling Company. 56Japan-American Society of Washington. 77Japanese materials. 54. 56Japanese Section (Asian). officer, xiJapanese Union Catalog, statistics. Al2/Army. Imre T.,, xJay., Donald F.. x. 50Jazz Mod. A57frizz on Film. A57

Report of The Libra.-ion of Congress. 1986

Jefferson (Thomas Hui ding. :11. 67Congressional Readitig Room. 42gift fund for. A40- 41Main Reading Room. 4. 74restoration and renovation. xx. 2. 9. 10 14. 16sales and information counter. xx

en. liseo-chin. 39. 75. A59The Jewel in the Crown. 613or and Maxi. A5tior Macbeth. MOohanson. Cynthia J.. 50ohn Adams Building: we Adams (John) Buildingohns Hopkins University History Department. 78ohnson. Everett 1..., xiohnson. Ronald J ... xi

iint Committee on the Library. vi. 2. A2Dint Steering Committee for Revision of AACR 2. 51ones. Catherine A.. viiiones. Thomas M... viiOrden. Thomassina. 24iyce. James. 37. 76. A51uilliard String Quartet. concerts, 77, A5.1ukebox

licensing. 91., 112 (table)optical disk. 7

Julius Caesar. Mnlimier live Bombers. A57Jurow (Mae and Irving) Fund. A28-A241. A54Justice. U.S. Department of. 81Juvenilia; we Children's literaturelwaideh. Zuhair ix. 83

Kaplan (Milton) Fund. A28-A29Karachi. Pakistan. field office. 58. 59kastenmeier. Robert W.. 94-96Kasten. Carron 0. 39. A59Katich. Stephen S.. 83Kazin. Alfred. 38Kagan Fund. A8Keiley., Joseph T.0 photographs. 57Keillor. Garrison. 77. A55Keller. Edgar, 39Kelly. Joseph T.... 5Kelly. Walt. 78Kennedy. Edward. V.6Kennedy (John F.) Center. Performing Arts Library. MY' Per-

forming Arts Library (PAI.)Kent, lames. 82Kenya

field director. xsee also Nairobi: Kenya. field office

Kenyon. Carleton W.. ix

1-16

kern. Jerome. 77. A54kyr Issues in the Netoorking to hI *helot 1,4, Afill

tiarbara. 12K imball. John W.,. Jr... xiKindler Foundation

concert sponsorship. A54;rust fund. Ann. A32-A.1.1

king for a Day, A57king Lear. A56king of Ian. A57King Research Inc.. 52. 87-88Kinnell. Galway. A55Kipling. Rudyard. 58"Kipling." 77. A55Kirk. Michael 102Kirshbaum. Ralph. A54kiss Mr Stupid. A57Kissinger. (henry., 7k1V-K11X, Law of Franc 55

Klemperer., Otto. 57Knight. Etheridge. A55K night: John. gift funds. A40- AalKominski. John J.,. vitK orea

copyright law. 88visits to. 102

K orean materials. 54., 57. 82K orean Union Catalog. stattstit.s. Al2kormos. John C.. viiiKostelanetz (Andre) Fund. A28 -A241koussevitzky (Serge) Musk Foundation

concert sponsorship. A5.1gift and trust funds. A28-A29

koyaanisqatsi. A57Kramer. Noel Anketell. 4Kraus. David (I... xiKresh. Diane Nester. xiKrintz. Edwin M.. viiKroyt (Boris and Sonya) Memorial Fund.. A28-A29. A54Krumstek. Rolf. 81Kulisheck. Martorie K.. vii. 12

La. La. Making It in L.A . A58Labor-management relarion:.. 19. 20. 83. 87Labor/Management Working Group (I.MWC). 87Labor Relations OfTkati. 20

officer., viiLaboratory Services Section (WHIRS). officer., xiiLederman. Ezra. 77La Follette Congressional Reading Room. 42Land (Robert H.) Memorial Fund. A40-A41Landover Center Annex. 10. 18. 71. 89

217

Index

Urge type materials. Ati-A7., A18. A20"Latin American Atlantic Port Cities." exhibit. 27: 78. A51Latin American materials

eamisitions. S. 70directory of Latin Anniricantsts. 39. 75index to legislation. 81-82

Latin American Microform Project 11.M1P). 70Law and legal materials

foreign. 82gift and trust funds for. A32-A33. A44-A45indexes. digests and bibliographies. 81microforms and microfilming. 1W. 82periodicals. 82rare books. A32research. 80

Law Classification Advisory Committee. 55. ittilaw Librarian. ixLaw Library. 19

acquisitions. xix. 82., ANCapitol branch. 81. A16. A17itctsliet:tions management. 8.1-84employment statistics. A2:Iexhibits. 82offit erg. ixorgauieattoital changes. 82.143public pnegrems. 78publications., 81reader services. 80-81. 84. Ale A17regulation on, 84-85staff activities. 83

I.ibrary Add-on Catalog. A IILaw tato:In. Catalog. All-rhe 1,414 Library of the Library of Conan... Xlainist rapt>.

to Mk mantis." videotape. A40 A4ILan Library Reading Room. 84

offtc er. ixClassito (item - Ailditions and Chong.... A59tic mit( er Ihdarl. A59

IA: Sublet( Headings 11'elt lasts. Abillean It. TheodoreLeague of Arab States gilt funds. A40 A41League of %Mitten 'oters. 11.1114Ps 57Leavitt. !humid I._ b7lax lures. see ge4(1110 and let tomsLee. Ihnoti;y Sara. 17Lee. Noel 77Lego( I of lam film. 82"Legal (:lasso It." 82Irgal issues. se latigat Ion. 1111g1 (Mk I' of 1111.( '.eneral(:ouitsel

Legal opinions. 4Irgislar relating to the !Alain. Al0

appropriations. I. 2. AII1

Copyright Act of 1978. 93. 944. MuNational Foundation on the Arts and Humanities Act: 1reading promotion. 6-7Semiconductor Chip Protection Act of 1984. 88., i2lax reform. 41-42

Legislative liaison Office. :1officer. vii

Lekoh Tor. 71)letstat., Raoul. ixLetters of Delegates to Congress. 1774-1789. 38. 76. A60Letters of Metntrors of the Continental Congress. A311 -A37Levering. Mary Rerghaus. viii"Lewis Hine. Reformer with a Camera." exhilit: AS1librarian of Congress. vi. vii. xii. 1-2. 26. 38. A2Librarian's Office: we Office of the LibrarianLibrary Environment Resources Office. 9-10. 17

officer. viiLibrory Journal. 311The Library of Comma: its An hitetwe and I httirution. A42Library of Congress An:hives. 18Thi.librury of Congress Card and Goff Catalog. 1986- 1987.

.19. Atallabron of Congress Classification. Class H. Subclass UN.

Religion Christian De tttttt motions. AIMlibmrt of Congress Information Bulletin. Atmlibrary of Congress Information Volunteers. 32The Librort of Congress Netttork AcIt Isom Conimillee Its

First Dm ode. AtioThe Libror of Congress 1985. 39. Aii0blown' of Congress Seht led Public alums. 1986-1987. 39.

AtiltLebrun of Congress Seine( Headings. 51. 15. 114Librcirt of Congress Subic./ t Hemlines in Ail rip/tins,. AtN1Library of ("singress Summer (:hantber Festival. ASA. A54Library Scholars Series. 81Library Services Division 51:14M. 42-44. 49

officers. viiiLibrary Support Services Offic P., 10. It

officers. vii"Library Tett." 4Licensing Division (( :ow, 9

officers. ixHeti. Arthur I..- vii. 12Lieber. litlan, viLieurance Woodwind Quintet. A53The Life and Achentures of Na holes Nu klebt Aso-The Limits of Library History." ledum 38lincolimna. Alfred Whital Stern Collection. A.M. A44Lindsay String Quartet. A53linked Systems Protect ILS1'). tic 55. 144-65. A.Iii-A37Linked Systems Project Standard Network! itn:oniux tion

II tit' S NH test fie ility. ti5

1-17

218


LIST command. 63Liszt. Franz

Centennial Celebration. 77, A54letters. 69. 70

Literary Section (Cop). 89Literature

chair. A36gift funds. A26 -A27., A28-A29. A30-A31. A36-A37.

A40-A43. A44-A45Litigation, 3-4, 92. 94. 96-98; A62-A66Littlejohn, Herbert T., viiloan Division (Res), 3. 30, 84

officers, xireader services. 75. A16-A17

Loan Reference Section (Loan), officer. xiLoans

blind and physically handicapped materials. 35statistics, A17

Local History and Genealogy Reading Room. 74Local History and Genealogy Section (GRR). officer. xiLocator, 84Loeffler. Elise Fay. bequest. A40-A41Lombardo. David D.. viilonely Boy, A57Longworth. Nicholas. A28Longworth (Nicholas) Foundation. trust fund. A28-A29Loose-leaf description rules. 52Louchheim. Katie S.

gift funds. A40-A41papers, A40

Louchheim (Katie and Walter) Fund. A25n. A40-A41Love. Joseph M.. vii. 12Love Me Tonight. A56Love Streams. A56Luce. Clam Poothe

gift funds. A40-A41papers. A40

Luce. Henry R., gift fund. A40-A41Lucktenberk George. A54Lyons. Patrice. 102Lyre al Interval. 77

Macbeth, A56McCallum. Sally H . ixMcClung. James W.. viiMcConnel. Patricia. A55McCormick. Adoreen M.,. viiMcCormick. Kenneth. papers. 69McCowen, Alec, 77. A55McCreary, Irvin. A2McCulloh. Judith. 25McCullough. James M., viii

1-18

McDermott. Judy C.. x. 50McDonald. Jack. viiiMcGuirl, Marlene C.., ix., 83Le Machine. 68Machine-readablc cataloging; see MARCMachine-readable data

cataloging. 51 55-56gift funds for. A36-A37serials. 15see also MARC (Machine-Readable Cataloging), database

McKim, Mrs. W., Duncan, bequest. A32McKim (Lenora Jackson) Fund. A25n. A32-A33

concert sponsorship. A53-A54McKitterick, David, 38MacLeish, Archibald,, papers. 18. 69Ntadhubuti Haki. A55Madison, Wiley. 28Madison. James, 28Madison (James) Memorial Building

Congressional Reading Room. 42electric power distribution. 14exhibits. 27., 28. 78management activities. 16sales and information desk, xxspace modifications. 10

Madison Memorial Hall. 10, 28Magazine Index. 15Magazine Index. 8Magazines; see Serials"Magazines in Special Meek': database, 34Magistretti. William. gift. 69"Magnificent Voyagers." 73Mail and Correspondence Cantrol Section (Cop). 88Mail Order Dealers of Folk Music. Ethnomusicology. and

Folklore Books in North America, 24Main Add-on Catalog. AllMain Card Catalog, 62. AllMain Reading Room, 4. 74Main Reading Room Section (GRR). officer. xiMaking Library Automation Choices conference. 29Maloney. Margaret. 25The Man from Laramie. A56"The Man with the Megaphone." A56Management. Associate Librarian for. viiManagement and Administrative Services (CRS). officers. viiiManagement Services. 12-22

automation. 14-16employment statistics, A23equal employment activities. 13-14general services, 16-19officers, viipersonnel activities. 19-21photoduplication. 21-22

219

Index

Management Studies (CRS). officer., viiiManuals. 55. 56. 61, 62. 65Manuscript Division. 7, 18. 52, 67., 70. A4-A5

gift funds for A34-A35. A40-A41officers. xiireader services. A16-A17

Manuscriptsacquisitions. 57., 69. 70. A4-A5automation., 73bibliographies. 76cataloging. 52gift and trust funds. A4-A5. A26-A27. A28-A29.

A30-A31., A34-A35. A40-A41microforms and microfilming. 21., 70music, 57. A4-A5, A28-A29. A30-A31. A44-A45optical disk file. 7preservation and restoration. 18, 73. A22

Manuscripts Section (Spec Mat Cat). 51, 52Maps and atlases

acquisitions. xix, 57: 68-69. A6-A7automation. 71catalog cards. A15cataloging. 71: A10copyright 108 (table). 110 (table), 111 (table)exhibits. 27: A51for the blind and physically handicapped. 35gifts. 78MARC records. A10microforms and microfilming. 22optical disk file. 8preservation and restoration. 78, A22publications. 76tactile maps. 35

MARC, (Machine-Readable Cataloging), database. 10. A10audiovisual records. 52folklife records. 25foreign records. 51: 53gift funds. A36-A37map records. 7imonograph catalog cards. A15record verification. 63tape sales. 64., A13. A14. A36

MARC, catalog cards. A151IARC Conversion Manual Authorities (Series? 56MARC, Distribution Service. 55, 62. 65MARC Editorial Division. 10. 50. 56. 84

officers. xMARC, Formats for Bibliograplm Data INIERDI, 65MARC Serials Editing Guide, Sec and CONSF:li Edition, A60MARC: Serials Guide. 60MARC tapes. A13. A14Maria y sus Magnificos. 21

2

Maria's Lovers. A56Marine, A56Martin. Dolores xiMartin. Sylvia Cooke., viiMaryland, University of. 54. 87Masaryk and America. 70Mask Work Unit. 89Mask works registration. 89. 95. 102. 109 (table)Mass Book Deacidification Project, xx. 2-3., 9-10. 17. 73Materials Control Section (Cop). 88Materials Development Division (NLS/BP11). 35-36

officer. viiiMateriel management and support, 17Materiel Section. 17Matheson. William, xiiMathias. Charles McC. vi., 95. 96Matsumoto. Hisao. xiMaugham. Somerset. 69Mays. Walter. 77Mazur. Michael, xiiMead. Margaret. papers. 5Mead Data Central. Inc 30

gift fund. A40-A41Media-related activities. 30-31Medina, Rubens. ix: 81. 83Meet John Doe. A56Nfelcher, John, 24Ntelhem.. D A55Mellon (Andrew W.) Foundation. 62

gift and trust funds. A28-A29. A40-A41Member and Committee Relations. Office of (CRS). officer. viiMencken. II. 1,.. papers. 69Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM). 68Metz, Jean B , viiMetzenbaum. Howard. 94Mexico City Convention. 107nMeyer. Christopher A ; ix. 96. 102Meyers. Jeffrey. 38MGM/United Artists. 58Michigan, A2Microcomputer Demonstration Center. 30Microfiche: sip Nticroforms and mu rofilmingMicroform Reading Room Se( lion (GRR). officer. xiMicroforms and microfilming

acquisitions. 57-59. h8. 70. 82. 91. A6-A7 Ailbrittle books. A22catalog cards. A15catalog sales. A13. A14cataloging. 61catalogs. 62field offices, 5foreign materials. 58. 59

1-19


gift funds. A42 -A4.)law and legal materials. 80. 82Library records. 57Main Card Catalog. 62-63manuscripts. 21, 70maps and atlases. 22masters. 62music. 70newspapers and gazettes. 60. 80pamphlets. 58photoduplication, 21-22preservation. 60. 70, 80. 82serials. 61. 62. 68. A22statistics. A21

Middle East Librarians Association. 83Middle East materials. 70

accessions list. A58gift fund for. A38-A3 ()

Middle East Studies Association of North America. 83Middletown. A56A Midsummer Night's Dream. A56"The Midwives (or Mediators) of Modern Scholarship." 7Migdalovitz. Carol. xi. 78Miller. Dayton C.. bequest. A28-A29Miller (Dayton C.) Collection of Flutes. 70. A28-A29.

A40-A41Miller (Dayton C ) Fund. A40-A41Miner. William F. viiiMinimal-level cataloging (MLC). 51. 53. 56.61. A6-A7.Ministerial Reports of lAttin Amen( a. 70The Miracle Woman., A56Mishkin. Paul. xiiMissouri Library Network. 30"The Moated Grange.," A55Mobley. William H., viiMonographic series, catalog cards. A15Monographic Series, AnMonographs

acquisitions. 59cataloging. 56. 62microform and microfilm, 62preservation. 6

Monte Carlo, A57Monthly Checklist of State Publications. 58, A60Moody's business manuals., 57Moody's Manuals on Mit rah he. 61Moore. Dwight E., xiMoore. John L., viiiMoore., Waldo It. 86Moorhead. Carlos. 94. 95"More Than Meets the Eye." slide show. 33Morgan State University. 13

1-20

Morris. Richard B xiiMorrow (Malcolm) Memorial Fund. A8Mortimer. Louis R., viiMotion Picture Agreement (MPA). 4Motion Picture Association of America. 102Motion Picture. Broadcasting. and Recorded Sound Division.

15. 51: 52. 71, 77. 78. 89officers, xiireader services. A16-A17

Motion picturesacquisitions. 5. 57-58. 68. A6-A7. A8bibliographies and catalogs. 76catalog cards. A15cataloging. 15. 51., 52, 71collections management. 71copyright. 4, 90. 91. 93. 108 (table). 110 (*able)film screening programs. 77, A56-A57gift and trust funds. A30-A31. A32-A33: A42-A43.

A46-A47MARC records. A10nitrate film. 11preservation and storage. 10. 11. A22. A32-A33. A46-A47productions. 82. A34

"Movies for Children." series. 77. A57Moynihan. Daniel P.,. 1

papers. 57Mr. Thank You (Arigato-sanj, A56"Mrs. FiskeL" exhibit. A51Much Ado About Nothing. A56Mulgarakar. Laila. ixMulhollan, Daniel P., viiiMullin. LaVerne P.. ixMultistate centers (MSC). 33. 34. A19"Multistate Means Multiservice." slide show. 33Mumford IL, Quincy) Memorial Fund, A9, A42-A43Mumford Room. 10MUMS. 16. 63, 71., 72, 84Munro. A56Murray. Les A.,. A55Music

acquisitions. 5., 57, 69. 70, A4-A5. A6-A7., A18braille. A18catalog cards. A15cataloging. 51., 52. 54. A10. Allchamber music. A32-A33. A53-A54compositions commissioned. A2. A32-A33copyright: 95. 96. 108 (table). 110 (table)., 111 (table)for the blind and physically handicapped. 35. A18-A19.

A20gift and trust funds. A26-A27. A21' -A29. A30-A31.,

A32-A33, A36-A37, A38-A39, A40-A41, A42-A43.,A44-A45

Index

manuscripts. 57. A4-A5. A28-A29. A30-A31. A44-A45MARC records. A10microforms and microfilming. 76scores. Amsheet music. 5, A15see also Concerts and Recordings

Music Add-on Catalog. All"Music and Movies." 77. A56-A57Music and Musicians series. 35Music and the Silent Film. Part Two. A57Music. Books on Music, and Sound Recordings. 62. A14. A60Music Catalog. AllMusic Division. 27, 67. 69. 70. A4-A5

officers, xiireader services. 74. A16-A17

Music from Marlboro. A53. A54"Music Literature. and Hispanic Culture: Celebrating Fifty

Years of Leadership in Washington. D.C.." A34-A35The Music Man. A57The Music of Henry. Cowell. a Descriptive Catalog. A2Music Section (NLS/BPH). 33-35Mimic Section (Spec Mat Cat). 52, 53Musical instruments. A28-A29. A30-A31.; A40-A41.,

A44-A45The Musical Mainstream, A60Mwalimu, Charles. 83Myers, R. David. xi. 38. A61Myracle. lames L.., viiThe Mystery of Edwin Drood. A56

NACO (Name Authority Cooperative), 51. 52, 54-55. 64NACO/LSP Generic Manual. 56Nairobi. Kenya. field office. 58Name Authorities. AlaName Authorities, sales. A13. A14Name Authorities, Cumulative Microform Edition, 62. A60Name Authority Cooperative (NACO). 51. 52. 54-55. 64Name Authority File, 16Name authority records. 53. 54. 56. 62. AlaNASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration). 3"A Nation of Readers." exhibit. 6. 28National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). 10.

73

National Agricultural Library. 30, 31National Archives. 2National Broadcasting Company (NBC). xix. 6. 10. 68National Central Library. Taiwan. 65National Coordinated Cataloging Program (NCCP), 55National Diet Library. Japan, 69National Directory of Latin Americanists. 39. 75, A69National Endowment for the Arts. 23. A50National Endowment for the Humanities. 1, 60. 62. 70

National Foundation on the Arts and humanitiesies Act. 1, MONational Genealogical Society Award of Merit. 74National Geographic Society, 78National Hispanic Heritage Week. 14. 21National Information Standards Organization (NISO). 66National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health

(NIOSH). 16National Institutes of Health. 18National Level Bibliographic Records. 65. AGONational libraries. 11. 22. 57. 59, 65, 66. 69. 75. 82National Library for the Blind. Inc.. gift and trust funds.

A28-A29National Library of Canada. 32. 66National Library of Medicine (NLM). 31. 53. 54. 59-60. 65National Library Service for the Blind and Physically Ilan-

dicapped. 3-4. 10. 26. 32-36. A19-A20officers. viiireader services. A16-A17see also Blind and physically handicapped. services to

National Library Week, 28National Preservation Program Office, 6. 72-73. A34-A35National Program for Acquisitions and Cataloging. 53National Programs. xx. 23-39

employment statistics. A23gift funds. A34officers, xxireader services. A16-A17

National Programs. Associate Librarian for. viiiNational Referral Center. 67. 74. 76

database. xxreader services. A16-A17

National Register of Microform Masters, 51. 62National Serials Data Program (NSDP). 61

officer., xNational Services Section. 34National Underground Storage, 18National Union Catalog (NUC). 64. A60

autorn-tion. 51. 62cataloging. A10. Al2gift and trust funds. A42-A43sales. A13. A14

National Union Catalog Audiovisual .Materials. 62. A60sales. A13., A14

National Union Catalog Books, 62., A60sales. A13. A14

National Union Catalog. Cartographic Materials. 62. A60sales. A13. A14

National Union Catalog: Post-1056 imprints supplement. Al2National Union Catalog: Pre-1955 imprints. Al2National Union Catalog. Production Masters. A13National Union Catalog. U S. Books. 62. A60

sales, A13. A14

1-21


National Union Catalog. including Audiovisual Materialsand Music. Books on Music. and Sound Recordings.A13-A14

National Union Catalog of Manuscript Collections (NE fCMC).

52-53. 64sales. A13. A14

National Union Catalog of Manuscript Collections. AllNational Union Catalog Publication Project. 18National Union Catalog Register of Additional Locations.

62. A13. A14National Union Index to Architectural Records. A32-A33National Urbar League. papers. 57Naval Historical Foundation

collections. A40gift funds. A42-A43

Nayshakti newspaper. 70Nay. Robert L.. ixNBC; see National Broadcasting CompanyNBC-TV, 57Near East Section (Afr/ME), officers. xiNear East Union Catalog, statistics. Al2Near Eastern and African Law Division (LL). 83. A44-A45

officers. ixNearprint publications. A13. A14Nedzi. Lucien. 23Needham. Paul. 37. 76. A61Neidich, Charles, A54NELINET. 30Nepal. 5. A38-A39Neptune Plaza. 9. 23Network Advisory Committee (NAC). 64-65Network Development and MARC Standards Office (Proc).

64-66officers, ix

Network Division (NLS/BPH). 34-35officers, viii

Network Planning Papers series. 60, 64. A60Networking, 29-30, 64-65New Delhi, India

field office. 58. A34-A35gift funds for, A34microfilming, 5. A21

"New for You," exhibit. A51New Serial Titles (NST). 61., A60

editor xsales, A13. A14

New York Historical Society. 60New York Public Library. 60, 80New York Technical Services Librarians. 65Newman. Anthony, A54News. A60Newsom, Jon W.. xii. A57

I-22

Newspaper Section (Ser). officer. xiNewspapers and gazettes

acquisitions. 70. 84. A6-A7bibliographies. 9cataloging. 60. 71foreign 39., 70. 80gift and trust funds. A26-A27microforms and microfilming. 60, 80. A22official gazettes. 80. 84preservation. 60. 80. A22

"Next to Mother's Milk." 6Nguyen. Khanh P.. 82Niagara. A56Nicholas Nickleby. A56"1987The Year of the Reader." xix., 6-7Nitrate Conversion Program. 11NI see National Library Service for the Blind and Physi-

cally HandicappedNLSNET. 2. 33No Maps on My Taps. A57No News Is Good News. A56"Noire Landscapes." 77., A56North Curtain. 67Northrop Services. Inc.. 10Northwest Gallery and Pavilion. 67Notable Documents List. 36-37Novotny., Thomas W., viiiNPAC (National Program for Acquisitions and Cataloging).,

53

NST see New Serial TitlesNugent. William. R ., vii

Oakar. Mary Rose. viOakman. Robert. 7Oates. Joyce Carol. A55OCLC; see Online Computer Library CenterOCLC Europe, 29OCLC Users Council. 65Ode to Henry Purcell. 77O'Donoghue, Martin F.., Jr.. viiOf Mice and Men. A57Office of Management and Budget, 41Office of Planning and Development. 8

officer, viiOffice of the Devise. officer. xiiOffice of the Librarian, 72

employment statistics, A23gift funds, A40-A41officers, vii

Office of the U.S, Trade Representative, 88. 95Office of War Information, files. 8Official Add-on Catalog. All

223

Index

Official Catalog. 63. AllOhio Stale University. 54Old Bailey Proceedings (Great Britain). 1714-1834. 82Older Brother. Younger Sister lAni ImotoJ. A56Oler. Harriet. ixOliver!. A57Oman. Ralph. ix., 92. 93. 102"Omnibus: King Lear.," A56"Omnibus: Some Views of Shakespeare's Hamlet." A56On with the Show. A57Once in a Lifetime. A56One Night of Love. A57O'Neill. Thomas R.. 25Online Computer Library Center., Inc (OCIC). 16. 29. 30.

53. 55. 60. 64-65. 75Online Data Entry Facility. 15Opera Omma. 68Optical Disk Advisory Committee, 8Optical Disk Fund. A42-A43Optical Disk Interface System (ODIS). 9Optical Disk Operation. 14Optical Disk Pilot Print Project. 73Optical Disk Pilot Program. xx., 7-8Optical disk system. 2. 7-9. 14. 30Order Division. 56. 57

officers. xOrganization and Corninunication Coordination Plan and

General Description of the LSP Bibliographic Compo-nent, 65

Organization chart. xiv-xvOriginal Cast Album. Company. As,1Off. Carroll. 7Orwell. George. 37-38. 76. A59Osterberg. Robert. 87()strove. Geraldine. xiiOstrow. Stephen E.,. xiiOthello. A56Out of the Past. A56"Out West." A56Oval Gallery. 78. A51Over the Edge. A57Overdue books. 75Overseas Operations Division (Prot). 50. 57. 59

officers. ix-xOverseas Outlook. A60"Oxford English Dictionary." 6"Oxford English Dictionary and the State of the Language." 6Oxford University Press, 6

Pakistan. field director. xsee also Karachi. Pakistan. field office

Pakistani materials. 5

224

Palmer. Edith. 81. 82Pamphlet collection. 5. 53. 58, 71, A6-A7Panoramic Maps of Cities in the United States and Canada.

37

Panzera. Donald 13.: ixPaperback book collection. 89Paperwork Management Section. 18Paris. Henry B.. viiiParker. David. A57Parmentier., Edward., A54Parrish Foundation. 27Pascale. Kathleen. ixPatent Office., U.S.: 113-115 (table)Pack. Gyorgy. A54"Paul Strand." exhibit. A51Pants. Frederick IL, viiiPayton. %Vatter. 6PC/MIS (Production Control Management Information Sys-

tem). 34Peace. gift funds for purchase of materials fostering.

A36-A37Pearlstein. Peggy, 70A Pebble by the Wayside (Bobo no Ishii. A56Pelikan. Jaroslay., 7Pell., Claiborne. viPEN Syndicated Fiction Project. A55Pennell.. Joseph. bequest, A9. A28-A29

Committee to Select Prints for Purchase under the Pen-nell Fund. xii

Pennell (Joseph and Elizabeth Robins) Collection. A28Pennsylvania. University of. 70Performing arts deposit collection. 89

works registered for copyright. 108 (table). 110 (table)Performing Arts Library (PAL). 76

exhibits. 27. A51gift funds. A34-A35officers. xireader services. A16-A17

Periodical Section (Ser). officer. xiPeriodicals: see SerialsPerlberg. Mark.- A55Permanent Committee for the Oliver Wendell Holmes De-

vise, officers. xiiPersonnel. 3

affirmative action, 13automation. 16. 19awards. 21. 82changes .. xxi, 12. 23, 50. 62, 67-68. 78. 83; 86child care program. 14counseling. 19-21departmental reorganizations. 20. 82-83director, vii

1-23


equal employment opportunity, 13-14externally funded positions. 11gift funds for., A34-A35handicapped activities. 21health services. 19-20labor-management relations. 19. 20. 83, 87litigation. A60-A62optical disk user survey. 8-9professional activities. 11-12., 25, 26. 65-66. 83recruitment and staffing. 13. 19-21. 40. 83. 86. A23retirement. 12. 19. 50. 66-67, 77, 78. 83 86training. 21

Personnel and Labor Relations Office. 19-21officers. vii

Personnel Operations Office. 16officer. vii

Personnel Security Office. 16officer. vii

Peters. Marybeth, ix. 96. 101. 102Pew Michael R.. ix. 86Photoduplication, 21-22

copyright and. 96statistics, A21

Photoduplication Service. 21-22, 58. 84officers. viiirevolving fund, A46-A47

Photographs: see Photoduplication and Prints and photo-graphs

Piatigorsky. Gregor. collection. 70Pick (Fp Your Feet. A56Pickford (Mary) Company

revolving fund., A46-A47Pickford (Mary) Foundation. 77

gift and trust funds, A30-A31. A42-A43Pickford (Mary) Theater. 77

film screening programs. A56-A57Pierpont Morgan Library. 27. 76Pletris. Mary K. Dewees, xPIN (piece identification number) labels. 72Pinelands Folklife Project. 24

Nelida. 70"Pioneers," A56Pittsburgh. University of, 54Pizza Hut, Inc.. 28Planning and Development, Office of. 12

officer. viiPlanning Management (Res), special assistant for, xiPlayboy, 3-4Playboy Enterprises Inc.. 3Pletzke, Linda. xPoet Laureate Consultant in Poetry, xiii. xix. 1. 31. A50

1-24

Poetrychair of English-language poetry, A28-A29. A32-A33consultant. xiii, xix. 1 26. 31, A55gift and trust funds, A30-A31readings, 26, 77, A55

Poetry Society of America. 77Poets and Anthologists: A Look at the Current Poet-Packaging

Process, 38. A61Policy Planning Advisors (Cop), ixPolicy. Planning, and Review. Office of (CRS), officer. viiiPolish materials. 22The Polygamist. 70Pontecorvo, Gregory. 37Porgy and Bess, anniversary. 27, A51Porter (Henry Kirke) Memorial Fund. A30-A31Portner (Mildred Chaffin) Fund, A42-A43Portuguese literature, consultant in. A28-A29Portuguese aioter;:,Is. 54Posen. I Sheldon. 37Position Classification and Organization Office. 16, 20

officer, viiPostal Services Unit. 18-19Posters. 26

acquisitions. 69. A6-A7exhibit. 82optical disk file, 8

"Posthumous Gershwin." lecture., A57A Pot Worth a Million Ryo Itiyakuman Ryo no Tsuboi, A56Pound. Ezra. A55Powell. Lawrence Clark, 6Pratt, Dana L. viiiPreble. Leverette L.. III. ixPreliminary Cataloging Section (Cat). 54PREMARC, 10. 54. 56. 63. 84Pre-1801 Imprint Collection, 71Preparation Section (Mss). officer. xiiPreservation and care of the collections. 71

Americana project. 6automation, 73binding. 72. A22Chinese materials project. 6conferences and meetings, 72-73, A36copyright records. 89deacidification. 2-3. 5, 9-10, 17. 73foreign materials, 6gift and trust funds. 78., A28-A19. A32-A33, A36-A37,

A40-A41, A42-A43law and legal materials. 80manuscripts. 18. 73. A22maps and atlases, 78, A22microforms and microfilming, 60. 70. 80, 82motion pictures, A22. A32-A33. A46-A47

225

Index

newspapers and gazettes, 60optical disks. 8, 73prints and photographs. A22. A32-A33rare books, A22recordings. A22records. 18serials. 6, A22statistics. A22television programs. A32-A33. A46-A47training. A28. A34. A36. A40

Preservation and Conservation Core Programme (PAC),Preservation Microfilming Office, officer: xiPreservation Office. 11

officers, xiPreservation Policy Committee, 5The President Vanishes, A56Pressler, Menahem. A54Price, lames R... viiiPrice. John F.,. xi, 76Price, Joseph W., xiPrice, Mary S.: x, 66Prince of Wales, 26. 31Principal evaluations officer, viiPrincipal Subject Cataloger, Office of the, officer, xPringle. Roger, A55Print material/products acquisitions A6-A7The Printer & the Pardoner: An Unrecorded Indulgence

Printed by William Caxton for the Hospital of St ManRounceval, Charing Cross, 37, 76, A61

Printing and Processing Section, 18Printing Unit. 18Prints and photographs

acquisitions. 5, 57: 69, A6-A7. A42-A43cataloging, 15. 52, 71. MOcopyright, WO, 108 (table). 110 (table). 111 (table)exhibits. 6. 28, 78, A51. A52gift and trust funds. A28 -A29. A32-A33. A:01-A39.

A46-A47optical disk file, 8preservation and restoration. A22relocations, 71

Prints and Photographs Division, 8. 15 5L 52. 69. 71gift funds for. A34-A35. A42-A43officers, xiireader services. 74. A16-M7

Prints and Photographs Reference Fund. A42-A43Processing and Reference Section. 61Processing Section (M/B/RS). officer. xiiProcessing Section (Rare Bk). officer, xiiProcessing Services, xx, 13. 50-51

acquisitions and overseas operations. 5. 56-60bibliographic products and services. 60-64

226

cataloging. 51-56data processicg, 15employment statistics, A23gift funds. A34-A35networking. 64-65officers, ix-xplanning activities. 50reader services. A16-A17staff activities, 50, 65-66

Processing Services. Assistant librarian for. ixProcurement and Supply Division. 17. 18

officers. viiiProcurement procedures. 17Production Control Section (NI.S/BPH). 36Program for the blind, gift funds. A42-A43Prokudin-Corsky. Sergei, A52Prompt Payment Act. 11Prompt Screens. 15"Protection of the Layout-Design of Integrated Circuits." 102Protective services officer., viiPublic education campaign. 33Public relations. 30-32. 64Public service officer. xiPublications and Media Section (NIS 11141). 34Publications of the Library: :Hi-,19

acquisitions. 58administrative services. I8bibliographies and catalogs, 60-62. A2Copyright Office. 89for the blind and physically handicapped. 34. 35gift and trust funds. A30-A31, A4-A5. A37,

A42-A43. A44-A45Law Library. R1-82

A58 -A61microform. 62.. A5/1-A59music. A2National Programs, 24, 26, 28, 29Processing Services. 5L 52, 55 58 60-62, h3. A2Research Services. 75-76see also titles of individual publi( alums

"The Publishers." 7Publishing Office. 24.36 -39

officer. viiiPurchases: see Acquisitions. purchasesPursued. A56

Qi. I.i. 1.16

Quality Assurance Section. 36Quayle, Dan. 96Quilts in Women's Lives. A5(Quinones. Ricardo. 7Quintanilla.. Horatio. 23

1-25


H Is for Heading. A61The Rabbit of Seville, A56Radical activity pamphlets. 5Radio Corporation of America. gift funds. A42-A43The Rag Time Band. A57Raised character books. A6 -A7Ramin. Cynthia. A53Rancho Deluxe. A56Randall. Dudley A55Rare Book and Special Collections Division, 53, 67, 66, 71,

76. 89gift funds for. A44-A45officers. xiireader services. 74. A16-A17

Rare `woksacquisitions. A38 -A39cataloging. 53. 54gift funds for purchase of. A32-A33. A36-A39. A44-A45law and legal materials. A32-A33pamphlet collection. 5preservation and restoration. A22

Rather., Lucia J.. x. 66RBP Associates. 3., 13"Read More About It." 6. 76Reader and reference services

American Folklife Center. 25Congressional Research Service. Altinfor the blind and physically handicapped. :35. A16. A20Law Library. 80-81., 84optical disk system, 8. 9Research Services. 73-74. 76-79statistics. A16-A17see also Congress (U.S.), services to

Reader Services Section (Mus). officer. xiiReading promotion, 6-7Reading rooms. 4. 8. 9. 67. 74, 78. 81. 84. 87Readings and lectures. 6. 23-24. 26. 77

list. A55poetry, 77. A55trust funds. A2. A26-A27

Readmore. Cap'n 0. G.. 6READS (Reader Enrollment and Delivery System). 32-34Reagan, Ronald.; 1, 25. 95Real Life. A56"Real-Life America." 77, A56The Realm of Folly: English Caricature from 1620 to the

Present." exhibit, 26. A49"The Realm of Folly. Satire and Caricature in the British Post,

war Film," A54Receiving and Processing Division (Cop). 86. 88"A Record in Detail: The Architectural Photographs of Jack

E. Boucher: exhibit., 28. A51. A52

1-26

Recording for the Blind. Inc. (RM. 35Recording Laboratory. revolving fund. A46-A47Recordings

acquisitions. 57, 70, A4-A5. AIRcatalog cards. A15cataloging. 51. 52copyright. 93. 96. 108 (table). 110 (table). 111 (table)cylinder., 24. A22deposit collection. 69folklife. 24for the blind and physically handicapped. 33. 36. A18.

A19. A20gift funds. A28 -A29, A38 -A39., A44-A45. A46-A47preservation and restoration. A22productions. 39relocation, 71

Records Maintenance Unit (Cop). 89Records management. 18. 89Records Management and Graphics Section. 16Records Management Division (Cop). 89Records Management Section (Cop), 89Recruitment and Placemeat Office. 13, 19-20

officer, viiRed Cross. 20Reference and Bibliography Section (Cop). 89Reference and Bibliography Section (G&M). officers. xiiReference and Reader Service Section (Mss), xiiReference and Reader Services Section (Rare Bk), officer. xiiReference Section (NLS/BPH). 34Reference Section (P&P)

gift funds. A42-A43officers. xii

Reference Section (Res), officer. xiReference Service (Ser). officer. xiReference services; see Reader and reference servicesRegister of Additional Locations. A60

sales. A13. A14Register of Copyrights. ix. 8, 93. 94, 96. 102, A50Regulations officer vii"Rehearsing Hamlet: A56Reid. Eric s.g., ixReid (Samuel Chester) Trust Fund, A30-A31Reimer., Richard: 87Religion, gift and trust funds. A26-A27Renaldo and Clara, A57Rengan, Shen, 86Rensbarger. John W., viiResearch, Analysis, and Multidisciplinary Programs. Office

of (CRS), officer. viiiResearch Libraries Group. 6, 54. 62, 66

gift funds. A42-A43Research Libraries Information Network (RLIN). 53. 54, 60.

64, 65

227

Research officer (Preserv). xiResearch Services. xix-xx. 13-15. 51, 67-68

acquisitions. 68-70administration. 78automation. 15. 63, 71-72collection management. 71employment statistics. A23officers. x-xiiPerforming Arts Library. 75preservation. 72-73public programs. 76-71.publications. 75-76reader services. 73-75. 78-79statistics. A16-A17workload. 78-79

Research Services. Assistant Librarian for. xResources Analysis Section. 78

officers. xiResources for the Future. 45Retrieval services. 63. 65. 72Retrospective Music (REMUS) Project. 54Review (CRS). coordinator of. viii"The Reviewers." 7Revolutionary America. 1763-1789: A Bibliography. 37Revolving fund service fees. A46-A47Rhapsody in Blue. A57Rhodes. Samuel. A53Richard Ill., A56"Riders on Earth Together: Expressions of Faith in the Mid-

dle East and Asia." exhibit. 27., 78, A51"Righteous Discontent: The Woman's Movement in the Black

Baptist Church. 1880-1930." lecture. A55Riley. James P.., viiiRimer. J. Thomas. III. 67Rio de Janeiro. Brazil. field office. 58. 69Rios. Alberto. A55Risher. Carol. 87Ristow, Walter W.. xiiiRitchie. Ward. 6RUN; see Research IA:trades Information NetworkRoberts. Kenneth. 69Roberts. Margaret A.. bequest. A30Roberts. Matt T.. xiRoberts. Pat. viRoberts Fund. A30-A31Robinson. James W.. viiiRobinson. Lawrence S.. xiRobinson. William H.. viiiRochberg. George. 77Rock n' Roll High School, A57Rockers. 57Rodgers, Richard, 57

14 d

Index

Rodia. Simon. 37Roland. Barbara J.. xRomeo and Juliet. A56Roosevelt. Theodore. 38. 69Booty Toot Toot. A57Rosenwald fLessing J.) Collection. 76Ross. Joseph E.. viii., xxiRoss. Regene C.. xRoss (Arthur) Foundation. gift funds. A9. A42-A43Rothermel. Earl L.. 67Rowman and Littlefield. Inc., gift funds. A9. A42-A43Roy family. 24Royal National Institute for the Blind. 35Rush. Jodi. !xRussian materials. 5. 26. 54Rutgers University. 60

Sabato. Ernesto. 70. 78Sadowski. Tadeusz. 83Saertel. Moses. 70Safety Office. 16

officer., viisee also Library Support Services Office

Saff. Donald J.. xiiSafire. William. papers. 57Salaries and expenses

acquisitions services. A8appropriations. I. A24-A25, A50

Salesman, A56Salinas. Luis Omar. A55Salomon String Quartet. A53Sampson. Walter D.. Jr.., ixSamuel Beckett: Nayman of Noland. 37. A61Samuel Gompers: A Selected List of References about the

Man and His Times, 38, A61San Francisco Chronicle. 70Sanchez. Sonia, A55Serie. Rodney G.. 50Sarney, Jose, 26Saudek. Robert. xiiSaur. K.G.. 62-63, 73. 76SC350, 30Scala. Norman P.. bequest. A30Scala. (Norman P.) Memorial Fund. A30-A31

concert sponsorship, A54Scholar Seminar luncheon series. 78"Scholarship and Public Policy." 7" Scholarship Today: The Humanities and Social Sciences."

symposium. 7Schonburg Clipping File. 91Schad Library Association (UK). 55Schrader. Dorothy M.. ix. 2

1-27


Schulman, Grace, A55Schuman. William. 76. A54Schwartz (Bern) Photographic Fund. A9. A42-A43Science and Technology Division (Res). xx, 68. 70. 71. 74.

75. 91officers. xireader services. A16 -A17

Science Policy Research Division (CRS). 41. 43-45officers. ix

Science Reference Section (Sci). 68officer. xi

Scientific materials 71gift funds for acquisition of. A42-A43

SCORPIO, 15-16. 63. 71-73. 84SCORPIO SEND command., 72SCORPIO/BIBI. system.Scott. Nathan A 38Scrooge, A57The Sculptor's Nightmare. A56"Seasonal and Holiday Tales." 24The Secret Cirenia. A56Seder Tefi lot Shevai hot veShiritn. 70Selection Office. 5

officer. viiSellers. John R., 38. 76. A59Semiconductor Chip Protection Act of 1984: 88, 92Semiconductor chip registration; 88. 108 (table)Seminars and workshops. 5. 23. 29, 60. 61

for Congress and congressional staff. 42: 44-46. 48gift and trust funds. A34-A35. A36-A37., A38-A39

Senate (U.S.)Committee on Agriculture. 43Committee on Commerce., Science, and Transportation.

41, 47Committee on Finance. 41., 42Committee on Governmental Affairs. 41Committee on the Judiciary. 49copyright. 93-96legislation. 1President. xviireading promotion action. 6. 7Subcommittee on Legislative Branch Appropriations, 2Subcommittee on Patents. Copyrights, and Trademarks.

93-95Senate Library., 84Senior specialists (CRS), officer. viiiSeoul National University. 82Serial and Government Publications Division (Res). 70. 71, 74

officers. xireader services, A16-A17

Serial Record Division (Proc. 15. 30. 60. 61officers. x

I-28

Serialsacquisitions. 5. 56. 68. 69. 82. A18automated system. 15. 30. 34. 51. 63bibliographical services. 60-62bibliographies. 39. 76catalog cards. Al5catalogs and cataloging. 60-62, A10. Allchildren's materials. 26copyright., 108 (table). 110 (table). 111 (table)for the blind and physically handicapped. 3-4. 33-36. A18foreign language. tilaw and legal. 82MARC records. A10microforms and microfilming. 61. 62. 68optical disk file. 7. 8preservation. 6. A22see also Newspapers

Serials Cataloging Regional Institutes. 60. 61Serials Management System (SKIS). 15. 51, 63Series authorities. 52. 54. 56. AlaSeries Authority Institute. 51Series Flip, 56SERLOC (Serial Location System). 15. 61-62SERIAX: Search Guide. 61SERUX: Search Manual., 61Services to Congress. 2-3. 75, 79-81Settler. Leo 11.. xSextet for Piano and Winds. 77Shaffer. Roberta I.. ix., 83Shahani. Chandru L., xiShakespeare. William, film series. 77. A51;Shakespearean Spinach., A56Shanks. Rosalind. A55Shared Cataloging Division (Prue) 5 52-54

officers. xShaw. Renata V.. xiiS',Itihan. Patrick. xiiShelflisting Section (Subj Cat)., 55Shelflists and shelflisting. 82, 84. A10Shelley. Michael H.. xSheridan. Philip H., 21. 70Shipley. Lloyd W... xi. 39., 76, A59Shirley. Wayne. A57Shooting at the President: The Remarkable Trial of Richard

Lawrence for an Attempt to Assassinate the Presidentof the United States, 82

Show Biz Bugs, A57Shroff, Kersi B.., 81Shumsky, Oscar. A54Simmon, Scott., 77,, A57Simpson, Louis. A55Singin' in the Rain, A57

229

Index

"Single Beds and Double Standards," A56Sipkov. Ivan. ix. 81: 83. A59Sithole. Ndabanigi. 70Sit-in. 4Sittig, William J.. vii. 12Slavery in the Courtroom: An Annotated Bibliography of

American Cases. 82Slavic and East European Library. University of Illinois. 54Slavic and East European studies. gift fund. A32-A33Slavic materials. 76

gift and trust funds for. A26-A27. A42-A43Slavic newspaper. 70Slavic studies. A32-A33Slavic (Cyrillic) Union Catalog, A42 -A4.3Slavic Union Catalog. statistics. Al2Slide shows. 33Smile. MOSmith: David A.. xSmith. E. Gene. xSmith. Janet A.. viiSmith. Margaret K.. ixSmith. Merrily A.: 72: 73Smith. Paul 38Smithsonian Institution. 23Social Science Reading Room Section (M). officer. xiSociety for Ethnomusicology. '25Society for the History of Discoveries. 78Society of American Archivists. 73Software: We Computer programsSolis. Hernando. 69Song of Summer. A57A Song to Hemmber. A57Songwriter. A56Sonneck Memorial Fund. A30-A31Sound recordings: See RecordingsSousa (;olledion. 11t$South Asia. 5

accessions list. A38South As'a (*.imperative Acini$.itions Program. 59South Asian l$mon Catalt:;;. atatistics. Al2South Camin, held He ordings in the An hit I. of Folk Cul-

tur. 24South Carolina Historical Society. 27Southeast Ask:. 5

accessions lis,. A58gift funds. A38- A39

Southeast Asian Union Catalog. statistics. Al2Southeastern Library Network. 30Southern Asia Section (Asian). officers. xiSpain. Embassy of. 78Spanish language materials. 54. 57

Spanish literature. 70consultant in. A28-A7'

Spanish scholars. gift funds for support of. A44-A45Sparks. Peter C.,: xiSpecial assistant to the Librarian. viiSpecial Collections. 74, A34-A35. A38-A39

officer, xiSpecial events. 27Special Foreign Currency Program. 5

acquisitions.appropriations. 1. A24-A25employment statistics. A23

Special Materials Cataloging Division (Pros). 15. 50. 52. 54officers. x

Special Police Force. 16Special Projects Section (Sci). officer. xiSpecial Reserve gift funds. A30-A31, A42-A43Special Search Section (Col Mgml). officers. xiSpecter of the Hose. A57Spehr. Paul C.. xii-The Spirit of the Place: Photographs by Paul Strand." exhibit.

28. A51Spivacke (Harold and Rose Marie) Fund. A30-A31Sri Lanka. 5. A38-A39tigu ku Ch'uaii ghu (The Four Treasuries). 69Stachura (Leonard R.) Fund: A44-A45Staff: see PersonnelStaff Relations Office. 20-21

officer. viiStaff Training and lkwelopment Office. 21

officer. viiStansky, Peter. 38A Star Athlete lilanagoto Senshu). A56"Star Treatment." AshStardust. A57State. 11.5. Department of, 81. 87. 88Slate and local agencies. donations. A9State documents. 58. AltStephenson. Richard W. xiiStepping Away from Tradition Children's llook. of the 1920s

and 1930s. 26Sterling Software. 9Stern. Alfred Whital. A.10Stern (Alfred Whital) Collection of l.incolniana. A2.

A30-A31. A44-A45Stern (Alfred Whital) Memorial Fund. A9. A30 -A31Stern (Alfred Whital) Publication Fund. A44-A45Stevens. James viiStevens. Roberta A.,. xStewart. James E . xiStewart: Ruth Ann. viii: xxi. 23. 28Stokes. Erika Hartman. 24

'301-29


Stradivari instruments. funds for maintenance. A30-A31Strand. Paul. exhibit. 28. A5IStrange fflusion. A56Stroup, Elisabeth F., xiSubject Authority (SUBJECTS). 16. 51Subject Catalog. sales. 413. A14Subject cataloging. 55. 59

statistics. A10Subject Cataloging Division (Prot). 15. 51., 54. 55

officers, xSubject Cataloging Manual. 55Subject headings. 53. 55. 72

statistics. AleSubject Headings. A13. A14The Suburbanite. A56Subversive activity pamphlets. SSullivan. Robert C.. ix. 66Sullivan's Travels. A56Sumatran materials. SSummer Chamber Festival., 77. A53. M4Summer Seminar on the Constitution. 78Sung. Carolyn H.. xSuperintendent of Documents numbers. 60Supplement to LC Subject Headings. MISupreme Court (U.S.).Surplus Book Disposal Project. gift funds. A44-A45Survey Polls. 15"Surveyers of the Pacific: Charting the Pacific Basin.

1768-1842." exhibit. 27. 78. MISutter. Robert C. viiiSwann (Caroline and Erwin) Collect ion of Cartoons. Carica-

tures. and Illustrations. 78Swann Foundation. gift funds. A9Swann (Caroline and Erwin) Memorial Fund. A25n.

A30-0431. A44-A45"Swanson and Valentino." A56Swedish materials. 5Sweeney. Mac. 94Swift. AI. viSymbols of Americon Libraries. 62. A61Symposia. Library: see Conferences and symposia.. LibrarySymposium on Work. A36-A37Synar, Mike. 94Syrian national library, 59System Development Corporation. .10Systems Assurance Office. officer. viiSystems Development. officers. viiSystems Engineering and Operations. officers. viiSystems Programming Office, officer. vii

Tabb. Winston. ix. 96Tafelmusik. AM

1-30

Tagliabue. John. ASSTakemiLiu. Tau. 77A Tale of Two Cities. ASfiToles of Hoffmann. A57Talking Book Topics. MITalking books. acquisitions. A4 -ASTalking Books Adult. 1984-1985. A61"Talking Books for Seniors," videotape. 33The T.A.M.I. Show. A56Taming of the Shrew., A53Target Series Development Program. 13Tariff Act of 1930. 95-96Torikhi Armeniston. 70Tan. Susan M.. ix. SOTax reform 41-42"Tax Reform Issues." Info Pack. 42Taylor. Elizabeth. STaylor Street Annex. 10. 34Teas. Mildred Lois Nichols. vi, A2Technical Prucessing and Automation Instruction Office

(TPAIC). 50-52officer. ix

Technical publicationsacquisitions. A6-A7sales and distribution. A13. A14

Technical Reports Section (Sci). 71officer. xi

Technical Services (Photodup). Assistant Chief for. 22officer. viii

Technical Services Section ((AM). officer. xiiTechnical Systems Office. officer: viiTeichroew. Allen. 76Telecommunications systems. 2. 3. 9. 14, 65Telephone inquiries. 31. 34. 78-79. 81

statistics. A17Telephone Pioneers. 35Telephone Reference. Correspondence. and Bibliography

Section (CRR). officer., xiTelevisi.m broadcasts

acquisitions. xix. 4. 57. 68copyright. 93-97. 101foreign. 57. 614gift funds. A32-A33preservation. A32-A33program production. 31public screenings. 77. Mbreading promotion projects. 6Senate proceedings. 2Nee also Cable television

Telex. :isThayer. Ernest I... 39

Index

The Theodore Roosevelt Association Film Collection. A Cato.log. 38. 78. AM

The Thin Mon.Third Avenue. A56The Third Coast., AS6The Third Mon. AS6This Is Charles Laughton: Dickens on Electrons. AS6This le the Army. AS7Thomas Jefferson Building: we Jefferson (Thomas) BuildingThorin. Suzanne. xiThornton. Flora Laney. vi. A2The Three Caballeros. A57The Throne of Blood fkumonosufol. ASSThurmond. Strom. 94. 95Thuronyi. Gaza T.. xi, 39. A58Time -Life Books. Inc.. gift funds. Aft. A44-A45Tipus (this Terrarum. 69Tkfen. ASSTo Be or Not To Be. AS6"To Hear a Hand." 21. 24Todd. Albert. ASSTokyo. Japan. field office. SiiTop Hat AS7Touch of Evil. AstiTour Office. 27Tourte bows. funds for maintenance. A:11 -AitToward a Common Vision in library Netnorking. 64. Am)"'reword an Informed legislaior," exhibit. A52Tower of London. ASSTracer Bullets series. 75'Trade Policy: New Direcnonsr 42Training and instruction. A28-A241

automation. 63coal/dozing. SI -56. 54.110copyright 87gift funds. A34-A.15. Ait-A.17. /140-A41. A44-A45Law Library. 81serials database, 61

Trainor. Emmett G., xiTraveling Exhibitions Program. 28Traveling exhibits. A46-A47Traveling Exhibits Fund. A46-A47Treasury. 1/.5. Department of. vi. A2

investment accounts, A24n.. A26-A.1.1. A48-A4'opermanent loan accounts. A48-A44Secretary.. vi A2

'Tremors: Political Art Ac:quired through the Swann i*U1111."

exhibit, AS1Trew. fames R. viiTrible. Paul. 94-Trick of the light" AS6Trio de la Fundacion San Tetsuo Al4

Trio for Piano. 1'oolon. and l'..11o. 77Trudeau. Garry. 78Trust Fund

bank investment department accounts. A32-A33investment accounts. A3. A26-A33permanem loan accounts. A3

Trust Fund Board. viannual report summary., A2-A3members. vi. A2

Tram funds: we Gill and irusi fund-.Try and Get Me' AS6Tsuneishi. Warren M , xTucker. Ben R.. xTurner. John F :37"Ton Moments of the Heart." exhibit 28. A52

lIkAtAR(: records. 5 3IIMI Research Press. 24I 'n Grand Amour de fleethrit en. A57(INF:SIX). 11. 72.. 102I 'nforthfullt. 'tours. A57UNIMARC. 51. lt5Union calalog. growth. AllI 'nion Catalog Reading Materials for the Blind and Pins'.

Honda awled Indovoluals, 35Union list of newspapers. 60Crowd Nations Institute far the Prevention of Crime and

Treatment of Offenders. 81Untied Negro College Fund. papers, 1i9Unned Skies Board on Books for Children. 2h

S courts. copyright cases. 96-101United Slates Ihrarici Court. A42l'.S. government agencies

acquisitions from. 70. A9collection management, 71(;upvrighl Office and. 87Idw Library services. 81transfer of funds and In/aerials. A8. Ag. A24 A25S government libraries; scY' Federal libraries

I' S Government Permdir al.. 761' S Imprints on Sub-Saharan Attu co A Guide to Puble co.

firms Cataloged at the librory of Cimgress. .14o. 75. AlitUnited Skies India Fund. A24

S Informarion Agency. 81riffled Slates Newspaper Project ICSNP). oo bt. 71

S Postal Senire. bt1' S Reports. 841'1m SlawsSpanish Commiliee for Edon di1011c11 and 4:ul

rural Affairs. giro funds. A44-A45I' S StatutesalLorge, 84I' ;S Trade. Represenianve. Office of lite 88. 95l'itiversal Cops right 4:movestrion. 88

1-31

232


University of Oklahoma Foundation. Inc A2University Publications of America. 91"The Unquiet Library: 31Update. A61"Upstairs-Downstairs." 57Urgh! A Music War. A57Used Cars. A56User and Production Service, officer. viiUser Applications Office. officer. viiUser Surveys, 8. 9USMARC. 16. 65USMARC Concise Formats. Bibliographic. Authority, Hold-

ings. 65USMARC Format: Proposed Changes. Ab1USNP Bibliographic Notes. 61Ut las, 66

Vandell., Donette S.. itVanWingen. Peter., xiiVaugha. Samuel. 7Veterans Administration. 81Videodisk system; see Optical disk systemVideotapes

acquisitions. 70. A6-A7congressional floor proceedings, 2production, 31. 33. A36-A37, A40-A41readings. 70

Vienna String Sextet, A53Vietnamese materials. 82"A View from the Other Side." lectures 87Visits and visitors. 26-27. 86. 102Visual arts, copyright, 95. 108 (table). 110 (table)Visual File, 15Visual materials

collections. A6-A7gift funds. A34-A35, A42-A43

Visual Materials Distribution Service, 51Visual Materials (VISMAT) Online System. 51, 52Vita. Susan H., x, 50Vlach. Michael. 24Volunteers, xx. 32, 36, 75. M8. API

Walton. William. letters. 70Wang, Chi. xiWard, Daniel Franklin, 37Ware, Donald R.; viiWarner. John W.- viWarren,, Earl. papers, 76Warren, Robert Penn, xiii. xix. 31Washington National Records Center, 18Washingtonian°, A34-A35Waters. Peter. xi., 73

1-32

Waters (Edward N.) Fund. A44-A4511'atters. Peter J.-. viiWaverly Consort; A53"Weekend Special." 6Weinberger. Caspar. papers. 57Vtreisgall.. Hugo. 76. 77. A55Wekerle. Anton. ixWelfare, A561Vellness Fair, 20Welsh. William J., vii.. 111Vendish language materials. 5West Publishing Company., 30West Side Story A56Western Library Network (WIN). 62., 64Western Reserve Historical Society. 60Westward Whoa'. A561VETA, 26, 31. 771Vetherell W.D . A55Wexler. Kay F xWGMS. 77The Whale Who Wanted to Sing at the Met. A57"What's Going on in Modern Scholarship." 7Whets Opera Doc?, A57Whistle Down the Wind. A57White, Roger S., yinWhite House News Photographers Annual Exhibition, 28.

A51, A5211'hite House News Photographers Collection. 71White-Hensen, Wendy.. 38. 76. Ab1Whitlock. Margaret E . viiiWhitman (Walt) Collection. A2Whitman, Walt. gift and trust funds for related materials.

A26-A271Thitmer, T. Arlene, vii11'hittall, Gertrude Clarke. 78, A30, A36Whittall (Gertrude Clarke) Foundation. A9. A30-A33

concert sponsorship. A5311'hittall Pavilion. 2411'hitta ll (Gertrude Clarke) Poetry and Literature itind. 76.

A30-A31, A55Whittemore. Reed. 38. Ab1Wigdor, David W., xiiWilbur. James B.. trust funds, A30-A31Wilde. Oscar, 37. 76, A59Wilkins, Cynthia, viiWilkins, Emily Howell, estate of, gift funds. A44-A45Wilson; Donald T; gift fund. A44-A45Wilson. Pete. 95%% inter. Harvey. 87The Winter's Tole. A5t)11'intle. Mary lack. viii1Virtli., Timothy, 94

233

Index

Wisconsin Interlibrary Services. 30Wisdom. Donald F., xiWitherell. Julian W.. xi., 38. A58The Wiz. A57Wolter. John A.., xii., 76Woman of the Mist 10boroyo no Onno). A56Women's Program Office. 13-14

officer. viiWood.. Karen A.. 76Woodbury. Philip 11.. 21Woody. Charlene A.. viiWoolf. Gabriel. A55"Words in Motion: Modern Japanese Calligraphy." exhibit.

A44-A45Workshops, see Seminars and workshopsWorld Directory of Mop Collections. 76World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO). 101-102World Transportation Commission Collection. 8

Yanker. Gary. posters. 69Yanker Collection. 8l'asinsky. Bohdaii. xiYear of the Reader." xix. 6-7

Yeats. W. B.. 37. 76. A59Yevtushenko. Yevgeny, 77. A55Yorniuri Shinibun. gift fund. A44-A45You'll Never Get Rich, A57Young. Arthur, consultants. 11Young, Barbara E . viiYoung, Peter R.. ix. 86

Zelig, A56Zich. Robert 12

'Zimmerman. Glen A . viiThe Zoot Cot, A57

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DOCUMENT RESUMEDOCUMENT RESUME IR 052 149 Annual Report of the Librarian of Congress, 1986. For the...

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Transcript of DOCUMENT RESUMEDOCUMENT RESUME IR 052 149 Annual Report of the Librarian of Congress, 1986. For the...