Doctoral thesis final
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Transcript of Doctoral thesis final
23/11/201123/11/2011
Doctoral Doctoral ThesisThesis
““UNSTEADY ROTORUNSTEADY ROTOR--STATOR STATOR INTERACTION IN AN AXIAL INTERACTION IN AN AXIAL
TURBOMACHINETURBOMACHINE””
D. JesD. Jesúús Manuel Ferns Manuel Fernáández Orondez Oro
DtorDtor: Prof. Carlos : Prof. Carlos SantolariaSantolaria MorrosMorros
22/64/64““Unsteady RotorUnsteady Rotor--Stator Interaction in an Axial TurbomachineStator Interaction in an Axial Turbomachine””. .
Doctoral Thesis Doctoral Thesis -- GijGijóón. n. AprilApril, 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo., 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo.
TableTable ofof ContentsContents
33/64/64““Unsteady RotorUnsteady Rotor--Stator Interaction in an Axial TurbomachineStator Interaction in an Axial Turbomachine””. .
Doctoral Thesis Doctoral Thesis -- GijGijóón. n. AprilApril, 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo., 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo.
1.1.-- IntroductionIntroduction
3.3.-- Experimental Experimental WorkWork
FacilitiesFacilities
2.2.-- Axial Axial TurbomachineTurbomachine
ResultsResults
5.5.-- DeterministicDeterministicAnalysisAnalysis
4.4.-- NumericalNumerical WorkWork
MethodologyMethodology ResultsResults
TableTable ofof ContentsContents
6.6.-- ConclussionsConclussions & & FutureFuture WorkWork
44/64/64““Unsteady RotorUnsteady Rotor--Stator Interaction in an Axial TurbomachineStator Interaction in an Axial Turbomachine””. .
Doctoral Thesis Doctoral Thesis -- GijGijóón. n. AprilApril, 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo., 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo.
1.1.-- IntroductionIntroduction
0Dh P T v f v qDt t
WhyWhy UnsteadyUnsteadyFlowFlow AnalysisAnalysis??
ThisThis unsteadyunsteady pressurepressure fieldfield isisa a consequenceconsequence ofof thethe bladesblades
motionmotion ofof thethe rotor.rotor.
UNSTEADY UNSTEADY TURBOMACHINERY TURBOMACHINERY
FLOWFLOW
1.1.-- Even, an Even, an inviscidinviscid, adiabatic flow (reversible) is exchanging enthalpy , adiabatic flow (reversible) is exchanging enthalpy (work) due to the existence of an unsteady pressure field.(work) due to the existence of an unsteady pressure field.
2.2.-- Mechanical vibrations and unsteady forces also appear due to thMechanical vibrations and unsteady forces also appear due to the e time variations of the pressure field.time variations of the pressure field.
3.3.-- Aerodynamically generated noise is associated to the pressure Aerodynamically generated noise is associated to the pressure fluctuations inside the fluctuations inside the turbomachineturbomachine. .
55/64/64““Unsteady RotorUnsteady Rotor--Stator Interaction in an Axial TurbomachineStator Interaction in an Axial Turbomachine””. .
Doctoral Thesis Doctoral Thesis -- GijGijóón. n. AprilApril, 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo., 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo.
1.1.-- IntroductionIntroduction
TURBOMACHINERY TURBOMACHINERY UNSTEADY UNSTEADY
MECHANISMSMECHANISMS
TIME PERIODIC TIME PERIODIC PHENOMENAPHENOMENA
StableStableOperationOperation
ROTORROTOR--STATOR STATOR INTERACTIONINTERACTION
PotentialPotential OriginOrigin
BoundaryBoundary LayerLayer
ShockShock WavesWaves
VortexVortexsheddingshedding
RotatingRotatingStallStall
UnstableUnstableOperationOperation
ChaoticChaotic, , aperiodicaperiodicphenomenaphenomena
RelatedRelated toto SpeedSpeedRotationRotation
Non Non relatedrelated totoSpeedSpeed RotationRotation
TransitionalTransitionalOperationOperation ––
Speed Range Speed Range VariationsVariations
TurbulenceTurbulence
ROTORROTOR--STATOR INTERACTIONSTATOR INTERACTION
TurbomachineryTurbomachinery flows are highly flows are highly unsteady because of the relative unsteady because of the relative motion of rotor and stator stages.motion of rotor and stator stages. In general, unsteadiness may be viewed as a combination of two processes: the INVISCID POTENTIAL EFFECTINVISCID POTENTIAL EFFECTand the PERIODIC PASSING OF PERIODIC PASSING OF WAKESWAKES generated by the upstream blade rows. The former is due to the relative motion of the rotors with relative motion of the rotors with respect to the statorsrespect to the stators, and this effect becomes stronger when the gap between rotor and stator is small. The latter arises from the interaction interaction of the blade boundary layers with the of the blade boundary layers with the vortices shedvortices shed from the blunt trailing edge of upstream blade rows, and from the variation of the angle of attack at the leading edge due to the wake velocity deficit. All these All these unsteady features and the unsteady features and the interaction between them make the interaction between them make the simulation of unsteady simulation of unsteady turbomachineryturbomachinery flows a highly flows a highly challenging task. (C.HIRSCH)challenging task. (C.HIRSCH)
WhichWhich UnsteadyUnsteadyFlowFlow AnalysisAnalysis??
66/64/64““Unsteady RotorUnsteady Rotor--Stator Interaction in an Axial TurbomachineStator Interaction in an Axial Turbomachine””. .
Doctoral Thesis Doctoral Thesis -- GijGijóón. n. AprilApril, 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo., 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo.
1.1.-- IntroductionIntroduction
INVISCID INVISCID POTENTIAL EFFECTPOTENTIAL EFFECT
PERIODIC PASSING PERIODIC PASSING OF WAKESOF WAKES
ROTORROTOR--STATOR STATOR INTERACTIONINTERACTION
•• WakeWake DecayDecay ((MixingMixing LossLoss))•• WakeWake TransportTransport ((ChoppingChopping effectseffects, , RedistributionRedistribution ofof MomentMoment, , Hot Hot SpotsSpots))•• WakeWake RecoveryRecovery ((WakeWake StretchingStretching))
Rotor 1
Rotor 2
Stator 2
Stator wakes
Vortex shedding
77/64/64““Unsteady RotorUnsteady Rotor--Stator Interaction in an Axial TurbomachineStator Interaction in an Axial Turbomachine””. .
Doctoral Thesis Doctoral Thesis -- GijGijóón. n. AprilApril, 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo., 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo.
1.1.-- IntroductionIntroduction
INVISCID INVISCID POTENTIAL EFFECTPOTENTIAL EFFECT
PERIODIC PASSING PERIODIC PASSING OF WAKESOF WAKES
ROTORROTOR--STATOR STATOR INTERACTIONINTERACTION
•• Axial Axial gapgap variationsvariations. . PitchPitch effecteffect..•• CircunferentialCircunferential variationsvariations in total in total pressurepressure duedue toto thethe bladesbladesdownstreamdownstream response.response.•• Time Time circunferentialcircunferential variationsvariations andand response response toto anan uniformuniform inletinletconditionsconditions..
t t
““A steady flow pattern in a relative frame of A steady flow pattern in a relative frame of
reference with a velocity gradient in the reference with a velocity gradient in the tangential direction generates an unsteady tangential direction generates an unsteady
absolute flow patternabsolute flow pattern””. . (Lyman, 1993)(Lyman, 1993)
The static pressure field upstream and downstream of a blade rowis varying circumferentiallyvarying circumferentially (and radially) due to the blade loaddue to the blade load.
This causes a flow defect, which is felt as unsteady pressure waves felt as unsteady pressure waves by the relative moving blade rows. (by the relative moving blade rows. (JJööckercker, 2002), 2002)
88/64/64““Unsteady RotorUnsteady Rotor--Stator Interaction in an Axial TurbomachineStator Interaction in an Axial Turbomachine””. .
Doctoral Thesis Doctoral Thesis -- GijGijóón. n. AprilApril, 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo., 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo.
1.1.-- IntroductionIntroduction HowHow UnsteadyUnsteady FlowFlow??En
ergy
Frequency
Turbulencescales
Blade-passingfrequencies
TURBOMACHINERY TURBOMACHINERY FLOW SCALESFLOW SCALES
MathematicalMathematical ModelsModels ForForTurbomachineryTurbomachinery FlowsFlows
AveragingAveraging TechniqueTechniqueSegregationSegregation
EnsembleEnsemble AverageAverage
Time AverageTime Average
PassagePassage AverageAverage
SpectralSpectral GapGap
99/64/64““Unsteady RotorUnsteady Rotor--Stator Interaction in an Axial TurbomachineStator Interaction in an Axial Turbomachine””. .
Doctoral Thesis Doctoral Thesis -- GijGijóón. n. AprilApril, 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo., 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo.
1.1.-- IntroductionIntroduction
1
1lim , , ,Me
M mf f r z
M
1 12 1 ;t m t t T t
0
1 , , , , , ,Tt e
Gf H r z t f r z t dtT
0
1 , , ,T
GH r z t dtT
1
0
1 2 2, , , ,N
ap t
n
n nf G r z f r zN N N
2
10
1 , ,2
Ll ll j
g r z d
1, , , ,L
llG r z g r z
1. 1. EnsembleEnsemble--averageaverage
2. Time2. Time--averageaverage
3. 3. PassagePassage--toto--passagepassage averageaverage
ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆij i j i j i jR u u u u u u
DETERMINISTIC FLOW INSIDE A DETERMINISTIC FLOW INSIDE A TURBOMACHINE (TURBOMACHINE (AdamzcykAdamzcyk, 1986), 1986)
PANS PANS EquationsEquations + + ClosureClosure requirementsrequirements
URANS URANS EquationsEquations
•• AperiodicAperiodic TermTerm: : IndexingIndexing contributioncontribution ofof differentdifferent bladeblade rowrow stagesstages..•• DETERMINISTIC TERM: DETERMINISTIC TERM: RotorRotor--Stator Stator InteractionInteraction atat oneone stagestage..•• ReynoldsReynolds StressesStresses:: StochasticStochastic unresolvedunresolved flowflow--fieldfield..
1010/64/64““Unsteady RotorUnsteady Rotor--Stator Interaction in an Axial TurbomachineStator Interaction in an Axial Turbomachine””. .
Doctoral Thesis Doctoral Thesis -- GijGijóón. n. AprilApril, 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo., 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo.
1.1.-- IntroductionIntroduction
OBJECTIVES OVERVIEWOBJECTIVES OVERVIEW
1.1.-- AnalysisAnalysis ofof thethe unsteadyunsteady scenarioscenario insideinside anan axial axial turbomachineturbomachine
2.2.-- BothBoth numericalnumerical andand experimental experimental characterizationcharacterization ofof thethe flowflowpatternspatterns
3.3.-- SegregationSegregation ofof instantaneousinstantaneous turbulentturbulent phenomenaphenomena throughthrough a a time average time average forfor everyevery rotor rotor phasephase
4.4.-- IdentificationIdentification ofof dynamicdynamic unsteadinessunsteadiness sourcessources, , eithereither generatedgeneratedby rotor by rotor bladesblades oror generatedgenerated by stator by stator vanesvanes
5.5.-- AnalysisAnalysis ofof thesethese dynamicsdynamics phenomenaphenomena (axial (axial gapgap influenceinfluence, , massmassflowflow raterate variationsvariations) ) associatedassociated toto bladeblade passingpassing frequencyfrequency (BPF)(BPF)
6.6.-- DeterministicDeterministic analysisanalysis ofof thethe flowflow: : wakewake transporttransport, , wakewakeconvectionconvection andand wakewake recoveryrecovery
1111/64/64““Unsteady RotorUnsteady Rotor--Stator Interaction in an Axial TurbomachineStator Interaction in an Axial Turbomachine””. .
Doctoral Thesis Doctoral Thesis -- GijGijóón. n. AprilApril, 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo., 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo.
2.2.-- Axial Axial TurbomachineTurbomachine
11--STAGE STAGE AXIAL AXIAL
BLOWERBLOWER
STATOR STATOR characteristicscharacteristics::•• 13 13 InletInlet GuideGuide VanesVanes (IGV(IGV’’s)s)•• BritishBritish Circular Circular ProfileProfile C1C1
ROTOR ROTOR characteristicscharacteristics::•• 9 9 BladesBlades (127 (127 mmmm –– chord)chord)•• NACA 65 NACA 65 ProfileProfile
FAN FAN characteristicscharacteristics::•• TipTip diameterdiameter: 820 : 820 mmmm•• HubHub diameterdiameter: 380 : 380 mmmm•• RotationRotation SpeedSpeed: 2400 : 2400 rpmrpm•• DesignDesign FlowFlow RateRate: 18 m: 18 m33/s/s•• DesignDesign PressurePressure: 1200 : 1200 PaPa•• StatorStator--Rotor Rotor ConfigurationConfiguration
FrontFront ViewView
RearRear ViewView
1212/64/64““Unsteady RotorUnsteady Rotor--Stator Interaction in an Axial TurbomachineStator Interaction in an Axial Turbomachine””. .
Doctoral Thesis Doctoral Thesis -- GijGijóón. n. AprilApril, 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo., 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo.
2.2.-- Axial Axial TurbomachineTurbomachine
STATOR STATOR GeometricalGeometricalParametersParameters
•• 13 13 InletInlet GuideGuide VanesVanes•• BritishBritish Circular Circular ProfileProfile C1C1
ROTOR ROTOR GeometricalGeometricalParametersParameters
•• 9 9 BladesBlades (127 (127 mmmm –– chord)chord)•• NACA 65 NACA 65 ProfileProfile
2,2º3,12º4,63º7,19º11,88ºβ
3,57º3,78º4,08º4,71º5,97º
66,46º63,47º59,7º54,84º48,64ºº
5,75º6,38º7,43º9,46º13,76º
2,9º3,71º5º7,17º10,96º
0,03º0,52º1,28º2,45º4,08ºi
8 %8,63 %9,43 %10,49 %12 %b/l
0,550,650,7911,35
67,16º64,06º60,07º54,82º47,73ºβ4
69,36º67,18º64,7º62,01º59,61ºβ3
820 710 600 490 380 D(mm)
15,68º17,81º20,73º24,84º31,17ºβ
6,75º6,45º6,15º5,85º5,54º
10,78º11,66º12,97º14,93º18,12ºº
23,21º25,2º27,81º31,51º37,18º
10,78º11,66º12,97º14,93º18,12º
- 0,88º- 0,93º- 0,93º- 0,82º- 0,47ºi
3 %3 %3 %3 %3 %b/l
0,860,981,141,371,71
15,68º17,81º20,73º24,84º31,17ºβ2
0º0º0º0º0ºβ1
820 710 600 490 380D (mm)
1313/64/64““Unsteady RotorUnsteady Rotor--Stator Interaction in an Axial TurbomachineStator Interaction in an Axial Turbomachine””. .
Doctoral Thesis Doctoral Thesis -- GijGijóón. n. AprilApril, 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo., 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo.
2.2.-- Axial Axial TurbomachineTurbomachine TestTest FacilityFacility
RegulationRegulation ConeCone
StabilizationStabilization DuctDuct
VenturiVenturi NozzleNozzle
BS 848 (1980) –“Methods of Testing Performance”. Fans
for General Purposes. British Standard
Institution.
L = 20 D
InletInlet
RotorRotorStatorStator
MotorMotor
HubHub
1414/64/64““Unsteady RotorUnsteady Rotor--Stator Interaction in an Axial TurbomachineStator Interaction in an Axial Turbomachine””. .
Doctoral Thesis Doctoral Thesis -- GijGijóón. n. AprilApril, 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo., 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo.
3.3.-- Experimental Experimental WorkWork MethodologyMethodology
1.1.--PressurePressure FiveFive HoleHole ProbeProbe 2.2.-- Hot Hot WireWire AnemometryAnemometry 3.3.-- PiezoelectricPiezoelectric transducertransducer
MEASUREMENT TYPESMEASUREMENT TYPES
• Steady measurements• Average velocity maps andpressure distributions• No BPF Response (0.36 KHz)
• Unsteady measurements• Instantaneous velocity maps• High Frequency Response: up to30 KHz
• Unteady measurements• Instantaneous Pressure signals• High Frequency Acquiring: up to100 KHz
1515/64/64““Unsteady RotorUnsteady Rotor--Stator Interaction in an Axial TurbomachineStator Interaction in an Axial Turbomachine””. .
Doctoral Thesis Doctoral Thesis -- GijGijóón. n. AprilApril, 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo., 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo.
1.1.-- PRESSURE FIVE PRESSURE FIVE HOLE PROBEHOLE PROBE
MeasurementMeasurement SetSet--UpUp
CalibrationCalibration SetSet--UpUpMeasurementMeasurement ChainChain
3.3.-- Experimental Experimental WorkWork MethodologyMethodology
1616/64/64““Unsteady RotorUnsteady Rotor--Stator Interaction in an Axial TurbomachineStator Interaction in an Axial Turbomachine””. .
Doctoral Thesis Doctoral Thesis -- GijGijóón. n. AprilApril, 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo., 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo.
2.2.-- HOT WIRE HOT WIRE ANEMOMETRYANEMOMETRY
MeasurementMeasurement SetSet--UpUp
CalibrationCalibration SetSet--UpUp
ProbeProbe repairingrepairingequipmentequipment
3.3.-- Experimental Experimental WorkWork MethodologyMethodology
1717/64/64““Unsteady RotorUnsteady Rotor--Stator Interaction in an Axial TurbomachineStator Interaction in an Axial Turbomachine””. .
Doctoral Thesis Doctoral Thesis -- GijGijóón. n. AprilApril, 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo., 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo.
3.3.-- TRANSDUCER TRANSDUCER PRESSUREPRESSURE
MeasurementMeasurement PointsPoints
MeasurementMeasurementEquipmentEquipment
3.3.-- Experimental Experimental WorkWork MethodologyMethodology
1818/64/64““Unsteady RotorUnsteady Rotor--Stator Interaction in an Axial TurbomachineStator Interaction in an Axial Turbomachine””. .
Doctoral Thesis Doctoral Thesis -- GijGijóón. n. AprilApril, 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo., 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo.
MEASUREMENT MEASUREMENT LOCATIONSLOCATIONS
CircunferentialCircunferential sectorsector
• Upstream and downstream rotor measurements.• Circunferential sectors used as “Windows”.
• Tangential direction: Stator pitch = 360º/13 28º.• Spanwise: From hub to tip.
• Spatial discretization: 15x15 = 225 points/window.• Temporal discretization: 36 KHz (100 instants/passage)
3.3.-- Experimental Experimental WorkWork MethodologyMethodology
1919/64/64““Unsteady RotorUnsteady Rotor--Stator Interaction in an Axial TurbomachineStator Interaction in an Axial Turbomachine””. .
Doctoral Thesis Doctoral Thesis -- GijGijóón. n. AprilApril, 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo., 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo.
AXIAL BLOWER PERFORMANCE CURVE
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18
Flow Rate (m3/s)
Pres
sure
(Pa)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Tota
l Effi
cien
cy (%
)
Static Pressure, Ps Dinamic Pressure, Pd Total Pressure, Pt Numerical Points Efficiency
MEASUREMENT MEASUREMENT STRATEGIESSTRATEGIES
1.- Working Point Variations
2.-Axial Gap Modification
N) Nominal Flow Rate (Qn): 16.5 m3/s
P) -15% Nominal Flow Rate(0.85Qn): 13.5 m3/s
S) -30% Nominal Flow Rate(0.7Qn): 11.5 m3/s
1.25G) Upper Axial Gap: 100 mm
G) Lower Axial Gap: 80 mm
Axial Axial GapGap
3.3.-- Experimental Experimental WorkWork MethodologyMethodology
2020/64/64““Unsteady RotorUnsteady Rotor--Stator Interaction in an Axial TurbomachineStator Interaction in an Axial Turbomachine””. .
Doctoral Thesis Doctoral Thesis -- GijGijóón. n. AprilApril, 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo., 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo.
EXPERIMENTAL EXPERIMENTAL RESULTSRESULTS
PASSAGEPASSAGE--AVERAGED FLOWAVERAGED FLOW
PHASEPHASE--AVERAGED AVERAGED FLOWFLOW
•• AveragedAveraged ResultsResults•• Mean DHW & FHPMean DHW & FHP
STEADY STEADY CharacteristicsCharacteristics
•• InstantaneousInstantaneous ResultsResults•• DHW & DHW & TransducerTransducer
UNSTEADY UNSTEADY CharacteristicsCharacteristics
3.3.-- Experimental Experimental WorkWork ResultsResults
2121/64/64““Unsteady RotorUnsteady Rotor--Stator Interaction in an Axial TurbomachineStator Interaction in an Axial Turbomachine””. .
Doctoral Thesis Doctoral Thesis -- GijGijóón. n. AprilApril, 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo., 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo.
3.3.-- Experimental Experimental ResultsResults
PASSAGEPASSAGE--AVERAGED FLOWAVERAGED FLOW
FHP FHP
ADIM. AXIAL VELOCITYADIM. AXIAL VELOCITY
•• BetweenBetween thethe rowsrows (D), (D), atatnominal nominal flowflow raterate, , therethere isis a a perfectperfect homogenetationhomogenetation ofofthethe flowflow, , justjust brokenbroken by by stator stator wakeswakes. . BothBoth axial axial gapsgaps..
•• Rotor Rotor downstreamdownstream (R), (R), thethestator stator wakeswakes are are clearlyclearlypresentpresent, more , more diffuseddiffused andandadvectedadvected, , butbut perfectlyperfectlyvisible.visible.
•• BoundaryBoundary layerlayer zoneszones: : ForFor(D), (D), widewide boundaryboundary atat tiptip. . InsteadInstead, , forfor (R), (R), thethe hubhubboundaryboundary layerlayer seemsseems toto be be thickerthicker. .
•• FIRST RESULTS !!FIRST RESULTS !!
2222/64/64““Unsteady RotorUnsteady Rotor--Stator Interaction in an Axial TurbomachineStator Interaction in an Axial Turbomachine””. .
Doctoral Thesis Doctoral Thesis -- GijGijóón. n. AprilApril, 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo., 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo.
3.3.-- Experimental Experimental ResultsResults
ROTOR ROTOR DownstreamDownstreamSTATOR STATOR DownstreamDownstream
DHW DHW
2323/64/64““Unsteady RotorUnsteady Rotor--Stator Interaction in an Axial TurbomachineStator Interaction in an Axial Turbomachine””. .
Doctoral Thesis Doctoral Thesis -- GijGijóón. n. AprilApril, 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo., 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo.
3.3.-- Experimental Experimental ResultsResults
PASSAGEPASSAGE--AVERAGED FLOWAVERAGED FLOWADIM. AXIAL VELOCITY ADIM. AXIAL VELOCITY
DHW DHW
2424/64/64““Unsteady RotorUnsteady Rotor--Stator Interaction in an Axial TurbomachineStator Interaction in an Axial Turbomachine””. .
Doctoral Thesis Doctoral Thesis -- GijGijóón. n. AprilApril, 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo., 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo.
3.3.-- Experimental Experimental ResultsResults DHW DHW
PASSAGEPASSAGE--AVERAGED FLOWAVERAGED FLOWADIM. TANGENTIAL VELOCITY ADIM. TANGENTIAL VELOCITY
2525/64/64““Unsteady RotorUnsteady Rotor--Stator Interaction in an Axial TurbomachineStator Interaction in an Axial Turbomachine””. .
Doctoral Thesis Doctoral Thesis -- GijGijóón. n. AprilApril, 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo., 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo.
3.3.-- Experimental Experimental ResultsResults DHW DHW
PASSAGEPASSAGE--AVERAGED FLOWAVERAGED FLOWADIM. AXIAL VELOCITY ADIM. AXIAL VELOCITY
2626/64/64““Unsteady RotorUnsteady Rotor--Stator Interaction in an Axial TurbomachineStator Interaction in an Axial Turbomachine””. .
Doctoral Thesis Doctoral Thesis -- GijGijóón. n. AprilApril, 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo., 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo.
3.3.-- Experimental Experimental ResultsResults DHW DHW
PASSAGEPASSAGE--AVERAGED FLOWAVERAGED FLOWADIM. AXIAL VELOCITY ADIM. AXIAL VELOCITY
2727/64/64““Unsteady RotorUnsteady Rotor--Stator Interaction in an Axial TurbomachineStator Interaction in an Axial Turbomachine””. .
Doctoral Thesis Doctoral Thesis -- GijGijóón. n. AprilApril, 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo., 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo.
3.3.-- Experimental Experimental ResultsResults
PHASEPHASE--AVERAGED FLOWAVERAGED FLOW
DHW DHW
2828/64/64““Unsteady RotorUnsteady Rotor--Stator Interaction in an Axial TurbomachineStator Interaction in an Axial Turbomachine””. .
Doctoral Thesis Doctoral Thesis -- GijGijóón. n. AprilApril, 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo., 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo.
3.3.-- Experimental Experimental ResultsResults
PHASEPHASE--AVERAGED FLOWAVERAGED FLOW
DHW DHW
2929/64/64““Unsteady RotorUnsteady Rotor--Stator Interaction in an Axial TurbomachineStator Interaction in an Axial Turbomachine””. .
Doctoral Thesis Doctoral Thesis -- GijGijóón. n. AprilApril, 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo., 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo.
3.3.-- Experimental Experimental ResultsResults
PHASEPHASE--AVERAGED FLOWAVERAGED FLOW
DHW DHW
3030/64/64““Unsteady RotorUnsteady Rotor--Stator Interaction in an Axial TurbomachineStator Interaction in an Axial Turbomachine””. .
Doctoral Thesis Doctoral Thesis -- GijGijóón. n. AprilApril, 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo., 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo.
3.3.-- Experimental Experimental ResultsResults
PHASEPHASE--AVERAGED FLOWAVERAGED FLOW
DHW DHW
3131/64/64““Unsteady RotorUnsteady Rotor--Stator Interaction in an Axial TurbomachineStator Interaction in an Axial Turbomachine””. .
Doctoral Thesis Doctoral Thesis -- GijGijóón. n. AprilApril, 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo., 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo.
3.3.-- Experimental Experimental ResultsResults
PHASEPHASE--AVERAGED FLOWAVERAGED FLOW
PT PT
3232/64/64““Unsteady RotorUnsteady Rotor--Stator Interaction in an Axial TurbomachineStator Interaction in an Axial Turbomachine””. .
Doctoral Thesis Doctoral Thesis -- GijGijóón. n. AprilApril, 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo., 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo.
4.4.-- NumericalNumerical WorkWork MethodologyMethodology
NUMERICAL NUMERICAL METHODOLOGYMETHODOLOGY
TWOTWO--DIMENSIONAL (2D)DIMENSIONAL (2D)
THREETHREE--DIMENSIONAL (3D)DIMENSIONAL (3D)
3333/64/64““Unsteady RotorUnsteady Rotor--Stator Interaction in an Axial TurbomachineStator Interaction in an Axial Turbomachine””. .
Doctoral Thesis Doctoral Thesis -- GijGijóón. n. AprilApril, 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo., 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo.
4.4.-- NumericalNumerical WorkWork MethodologyMethodology
•• SpatialSpatial DiscretizationDiscretization: : up up toto 350,000 350,000 cellscells. 12,000 . 12,000 cellscells//passagepassage. . HybridHybridmeshmesh. O. O--GridGrid aroundaround thethe bladesblades. . GridGrid accuracyaccuracy analysisanalysis..•• Temporal Temporal DiscretizationDiscretization: : 5.34*105.34*10--55 s. 468 time s. 468 time stepssteps/rotor /rotor rev.rev. ((1313xx99x4).x4).•• NumericalNumerical SchemeScheme: : SIMPLE algorithm for pressureSIMPLE algorithm for pressure--velocity coupling, upwind velocity coupling, upwind discretizationsdiscretizations and second order implicit scheme for the time dependent term.and second order implicit scheme for the time dependent term.•• TurbulenceTurbulence modelingmodeling: : LESLES--(k(k--εε))RSM RSM comparisoncomparison. .
TWOTWO--DIMENSIONAL DOMAIN (2D)DIMENSIONAL DOMAIN (2D) URANS URANS SlidingSliding MeshMesh TechniqueTechnique
17.0
17.2
17.4
17.6
17.8
18.0
18.2
18.4
0 50000 100000 150000 200000 250000 300000
Número de celdas
Cau
dal (
m3/
s)
950
1000
1050
1100
1150
1200
12500 2500 5000 7500 10000 12500
Nº de celdas por canal
AP
(Pa)
Q (ajuste)QAP (ajuste)AP
-1500
-1400
-1300
-1200
-1100
-1000
-900
-800
-700
-600
0 50000 100000 150000 200000 250000 300000
Número de celdas
Stat
Pre
s (P
a)
050100150200250300350400450500
0 2500 5000 7500 10000 12500
Nº de celdas por canal
Fluc
tuac
ión
Pres
(Pa)
Pres_med (ajuste)Pres_medPres_desv (ajuste)Pres_desv
3434/64/64““Unsteady RotorUnsteady Rotor--Stator Interaction in an Axial TurbomachineStator Interaction in an Axial Turbomachine””. .
Doctoral Thesis Doctoral Thesis -- GijGijóón. n. AprilApril, 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo., 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo.
4.4.-- NumericalNumerical WorkWork MethodologyMethodology
•• SpatialSpatial DiscretizationDiscretization: : up up toto 1,800,000 1,800,000 cellscells. 3,000 . 3,000 cellscells//passagepassage 3D. 3D. HybridHybridmeshmesh. O. O--GridGrid aroundaround thethe bladesblades. [100x35x25].. [100x35x25].•• Temporal Temporal DiscretizationDiscretization: : 1.068*101.068*10--44 s. 234 time s. 234 time stepssteps/rotor /rotor rev.rev. ((1313xx99x2).x2).•• NumericalNumerical SchemeScheme: : SIMPLE algorithm for pressureSIMPLE algorithm for pressure--velocity coupling, upwind velocity coupling, upwind discretizationsdiscretizations and second order implicit scheme for the time dependent term.and second order implicit scheme for the time dependent term.•• TurbulenceTurbulence modelingmodeling: : LESLES--(k(k--εε))RSM RSM comparisoncomparison. .
THREETHREE--DIMENSIONAL DOMAIN (3D)DIMENSIONAL DOMAIN (3D) URANS URANS SlidingSliding MeshMesh TechniqueTechnique
LESLESRSMRSM ExpExp
3535/64/64““Unsteady RotorUnsteady Rotor--Stator Interaction in an Axial TurbomachineStator Interaction in an Axial Turbomachine””. .
Doctoral Thesis Doctoral Thesis -- GijGijóón. n. AprilApril, 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo., 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo.
4.4.-- NumericalNumerical WorkWork ResultsResults
NUMERICAL NUMERICAL RESULTSRESULTS
PASSAGEPASSAGE--AVERAGED FLOWAVERAGED FLOW
PHASEPHASE--AVERAGED AVERAGED FLOWFLOW
•• TwoTwo--dimensional dimensional AveragedAveraged ResultsResults•• ThreeThree--dimensional dimensional AveragedAveraged ResultsResults
STEADY STEADY CharacteristicsCharacteristics
UNSTEADY UNSTEADY CharacteristicsCharacteristics
•• TwoTwo--dimensional dimensional InstantaneousInstantaneous ResultsResults•• ThreeThree--dimensional dimensional InstantaneousInstantaneous ResultsResults
3636/64/64““Unsteady RotorUnsteady Rotor--Stator Interaction in an Axial TurbomachineStator Interaction in an Axial Turbomachine””. .
Doctoral Thesis Doctoral Thesis -- GijGijóón. n. AprilApril, 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo., 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo.
4.4.-- NumericalNumerical ResultsResults
PASSAGEPASSAGE--AVERAGED FLOWAVERAGED FLOWADIM. AXIAL VELOCITY ADIM. AXIAL VELOCITY
3D 3D
3737/64/64““Unsteady RotorUnsteady Rotor--Stator Interaction in an Axial TurbomachineStator Interaction in an Axial Turbomachine””. .
Doctoral Thesis Doctoral Thesis -- GijGijóón. n. AprilApril, 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo., 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo.
4.4.-- NumericalNumerical ResultsResults
PASSAGEPASSAGE--AVERAGED FLOWAVERAGED FLOWADIM. TANGENTIAL VELOCITY ADIM. TANGENTIAL VELOCITY
3D 3D
3838/64/64““Unsteady RotorUnsteady Rotor--Stator Interaction in an Axial TurbomachineStator Interaction in an Axial Turbomachine””. .
Doctoral Thesis Doctoral Thesis -- GijGijóón. n. AprilApril, 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo., 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo.
4.4.-- NumericalNumerical ResultsResults 3D 3D
PASSAGEPASSAGE--AVERAGED FLOWAVERAGED FLOW
ADIM. AXIAL VELOCITY ADIM. AXIAL VELOCITY
3939/64/64““Unsteady RotorUnsteady Rotor--Stator Interaction in an Axial TurbomachineStator Interaction in an Axial Turbomachine””. .
Doctoral Thesis Doctoral Thesis -- GijGijóón. n. AprilApril, 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo., 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo.
4.4.-- NumericalNumerical ResultsResults 3D 3D
PASSAGEPASSAGE--AVERAGED FLOWAVERAGED FLOWAZIMUT ANGLE AZIMUT ANGLE
4040/64/64““Unsteady RotorUnsteady Rotor--Stator Interaction in an Axial TurbomachineStator Interaction in an Axial Turbomachine””. .
Doctoral Thesis Doctoral Thesis -- GijGijóón. n. AprilApril, 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo., 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo.
4.4.-- NumericalNumerical ResultsResults
PHASEPHASE--AVERAGED FLOWAVERAGED FLOW
3D 3D
4141/64/64““Unsteady RotorUnsteady Rotor--Stator Interaction in an Axial TurbomachineStator Interaction in an Axial Turbomachine””. .
Doctoral Thesis Doctoral Thesis -- GijGijóón. n. AprilApril, 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo., 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo.
4.4.-- NumericalNumerical ResultsResults
PHASEPHASE--AVERAGED FLOWAVERAGED FLOW
3D 3D
4242/64/64““Unsteady RotorUnsteady Rotor--Stator Interaction in an Axial TurbomachineStator Interaction in an Axial Turbomachine””. .
Doctoral Thesis Doctoral Thesis -- GijGijóón. n. AprilApril, 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo., 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo.
4.4.-- NumericalNumerical ResultsResults
PHASEPHASE--AVERAGED FLOWAVERAGED FLOW
3D 3D
4343/64/64““Unsteady RotorUnsteady Rotor--Stator Interaction in an Axial TurbomachineStator Interaction in an Axial Turbomachine””. .
Doctoral Thesis Doctoral Thesis -- GijGijóón. n. AprilApril, 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo., 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo.
4.4.-- NumericalNumerical ResultsResults
PHASEPHASE--AVERAGED FLOWAVERAGED FLOW
3D 3D
4444/64/64““Unsteady RotorUnsteady Rotor--Stator Interaction in an Axial TurbomachineStator Interaction in an Axial Turbomachine””. .
Doctoral Thesis Doctoral Thesis -- GijGijóón. n. AprilApril, 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo., 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo.
4.4.-- NumericalNumerical ResultsResults
PHASEPHASE--AVERAGED FLOWAVERAGED FLOW
2D2D
4545/64/64““Unsteady RotorUnsteady Rotor--Stator Interaction in an Axial TurbomachineStator Interaction in an Axial Turbomachine””. .
Doctoral Thesis Doctoral Thesis -- GijGijóón. n. AprilApril, 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo., 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo.
4.4.-- NumericalNumerical ResultsResults
PHASEPHASE--AVERAGED FLOWAVERAGED FLOW
2D 2D
4646/64/64““Unsteady RotorUnsteady Rotor--Stator Interaction in an Axial TurbomachineStator Interaction in an Axial Turbomachine””. .
Doctoral Thesis Doctoral Thesis -- GijGijóón. n. AprilApril, 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo., 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo.
4.4.-- NumericalNumerical ResultsResults
PHASEPHASE--AVERAGED FLOWAVERAGED FLOW
2D 2D
4747/64/64““Unsteady RotorUnsteady Rotor--Stator Interaction in an Axial TurbomachineStator Interaction in an Axial Turbomachine””. .
Doctoral Thesis Doctoral Thesis -- GijGijóón. n. AprilApril, 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo., 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo.
4.4.-- NumericalNumerical ResultsResults
UNSTEADY FORCESUNSTEADY FORCES
2D 2D
4848/64/64““Unsteady RotorUnsteady Rotor--Stator Interaction in an Axial TurbomachineStator Interaction in an Axial Turbomachine””. .
Doctoral Thesis Doctoral Thesis -- GijGijóón. n. AprilApril, 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo., 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo.
4.4.-- NumericalNumerical ResultsResults
PERTURBATIONS PERTURBATIONS PROPAGATIONPROPAGATION
3D 3D
INLET PLANEINLET PLANEOUTLET PLANEOUTLET PLANE
Axial Axial VelocityVelocity atatInletInlet//OutletOutlet planesplanes
Tyler and Sofrin Rule
4949/64/64““Unsteady RotorUnsteady Rotor--Stator Interaction in an Axial TurbomachineStator Interaction in an Axial Turbomachine””. .
Doctoral Thesis Doctoral Thesis -- GijGijóón. n. AprilApril, 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo., 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo.
4.4.-- NumericalNumerical ResultsResults
PERTURBATIONS PROPAGATIONPERTURBATIONS PROPAGATION
3D 3D
(FIXED)(FIXED) (MOVING)(MOVING)
5050/64/64““Unsteady RotorUnsteady Rotor--Stator Interaction in an Axial TurbomachineStator Interaction in an Axial Turbomachine””. .
Doctoral Thesis Doctoral Thesis -- GijGijóón. n. AprilApril, 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo., 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo.
5.5.-- DeterministicDeterministic AnalysisAnalysis
NAVIERNAVIER--STOKESSTOKES
PASSAGEPASSAGE--TOTO--PASSAGEPASSAGEAVERAGEAVERAGE
PANS EQUATIONSPANS EQUATIONS--PassagePassage--toto--passagepassage AverageAverage
NavierNavier--StokesStokes--
RANS EQUATIONSRANS EQUATIONS--ReynoldsReynolds AverageAverage
NavierNavier--StokesStokes--
ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆij i j i j i jR u u u u u u ij i ju u
REYNOLDSREYNOLDSAVERAGEAVERAGE
SOLUTIONSOLUTION
TURBOTURBOMACHINERYMACHINERY
GENERALGENERALPURPOSEPURPOSE
CL
OSU
RE
CL
OSU
RE
5151/64/64““Unsteady RotorUnsteady Rotor--Stator Interaction in an Axial TurbomachineStator Interaction in an Axial Turbomachine””. .
Doctoral Thesis Doctoral Thesis -- GijGijóón. n. AprilApril, 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo., 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo.
5.5.-- DeterministicDeterministic AnalysisAnalysis
ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆij i j i j i jR u u u u u u
•• AperiodicAperiodic TermTerm: : IndexingIndexing contributioncontribution ofof differentdifferent bladeblade rowrowstagesstages..•• DETERMINISTIC TERM: DETERMINISTIC TERM: RotorRotor--Stator Stator InteractionInteraction atat oneone stagestage..•• ReynoldsReynolds StressesStresses:: StochasticStochastic unresolvedunresolved flowflow--fieldfield..
1
1( , , , ) ( , , , )N
ei i
i
u r z t u r zN
( )
10
1 1( , , ) ( , , , ) ( , , , )R R
T Nt Se e e R
i i i nnR R
u r z u r z t dt u r zT N
( ) ( )( )
0
1 ( , , , ) ( , , ) ( , , , ) ( , , )RT
t S t SDet S e e e eij i i j j
R
R u r z t u r z u r z t u r z dtT
( ) ( )
1
1 ( , , , ) ( , , ) ( , , , ) ( , , )RN t S t S
e R e e R ei n i i n i
nR
u r z u r z u r z u r zN
( )
10
1 1( , , ) ( , , , ) ( , , , )S S
T Nt Re e e S
i i i nnS S
u r z u r z t dt u r zT N
( ) ( )( )
0
1 ( , , , ) ( , , ) ( , , , ) ( , , )ST
t R t RDet R e e e eij i i j j
S
R u r z t u r z u r z t u r z dtT
( ) ( )
1
1 ( , , , ) ( , , ) ( , , , ) ( , , )SN t R t R
e S e e S ei n i i n i
nS
u r z u r z u r z u r zN
1.1.-- EnsembleEnsemble Average (Average (PhasePhase))
2.2.-- PassagePassage--toto--passagepassage AverageAverage
Fixed Reference Frame Moving Reference Frame
5252/64/64““Unsteady RotorUnsteady Rotor--Stator Interaction in an Axial TurbomachineStator Interaction in an Axial Turbomachine””. .
Doctoral Thesis Doctoral Thesis -- GijGijóón. n. AprilApril, 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo., 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo.
5.5.-- DeterministicDeterministic AnalysisAnalysis –– Exp.Exp.
DETERMINISTIC STRESS TENSORDETERMINISTIC STRESS TENSOR TaxTax--axaxFixed Frame
5353/64/64““Unsteady RotorUnsteady Rotor--Stator Interaction in an Axial TurbomachineStator Interaction in an Axial Turbomachine””. .
Doctoral Thesis Doctoral Thesis -- GijGijóón. n. AprilApril, 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo., 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo.
5.5.-- DeterministicDeterministic AnalysisAnalysis –– Exp.Exp.
DETERMINISTIC STRESS TENSORDETERMINISTIC STRESS TENSOR TcircTcirc--circcircFixed Frame
5454/64/64““Unsteady RotorUnsteady Rotor--Stator Interaction in an Axial TurbomachineStator Interaction in an Axial Turbomachine””. .
Doctoral Thesis Doctoral Thesis -- GijGijóón. n. AprilApril, 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo., 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo.
5.5.-- DeterministicDeterministic AnalysisAnalysis –– Exp.Exp.
DETERMINISTIC STRESS TENSORDETERMINISTIC STRESS TENSOR TaxTax--circcircFixed Frame
5555/64/64““Unsteady RotorUnsteady Rotor--Stator Interaction in an Axial TurbomachineStator Interaction in an Axial Turbomachine””. .
Doctoral Thesis Doctoral Thesis -- GijGijóón. n. AprilApril, 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo., 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo.
5.5.-- DeterministicDeterministic AnalysisAnalysis –– Num.Num.
DETERMINISTIC STRESS TENSORDETERMINISTIC STRESS TENSOR TaxTax--axaxFixed Frame
5656/64/64““Unsteady RotorUnsteady Rotor--Stator Interaction in an Axial TurbomachineStator Interaction in an Axial Turbomachine””. .
Doctoral Thesis Doctoral Thesis -- GijGijóón. n. AprilApril, 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo., 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo.
5.5.-- DeterministicDeterministic AnalysisAnalysis –– Num.Num.
DETERMINISTIC STRESS TENSORDETERMINISTIC STRESS TENSOR TcircTcirc--circcircFixed Frame
5757/64/64““Unsteady RotorUnsteady Rotor--Stator Interaction in an Axial TurbomachineStator Interaction in an Axial Turbomachine””. .
Doctoral Thesis Doctoral Thesis -- GijGijóón. n. AprilApril, 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo., 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo.
5.5.-- DeterministicDeterministic AnalysisAnalysis –– Num.Num.
DETERMINISTIC STRESS TENSORDETERMINISTIC STRESS TENSOR TaxTax--circcircFixed Frame
5858/64/64““Unsteady RotorUnsteady Rotor--Stator Interaction in an Axial TurbomachineStator Interaction in an Axial Turbomachine””. .
Doctoral Thesis Doctoral Thesis -- GijGijóón. n. AprilApril, 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo., 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo.
5.5.-- DeterministicDeterministic AnalysisAnalysis –– Num.Num.
DETERMINISTIC STRESS TENSORDETERMINISTIC STRESS TENSOR 2D 2D Blade-to-blade
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Hub Midspan Tip
Kdet
(m2/
s2)
1.25GG
TaxTax--axax 1.25G 1.25G -- midspanmidspan TaxTax--axax 1.25G 1.25G -- tiptip
TaxTax--circcirc 1.25G 1.25G -- hubhub TaxTax--circcirc 1.25G 1.25G -- tiptip
3
1
12Det ii
i
K T
5959/64/64““Unsteady RotorUnsteady Rotor--Stator Interaction in an Axial TurbomachineStator Interaction in an Axial Turbomachine””. .
Doctoral Thesis Doctoral Thesis -- GijGijóón. n. AprilApril, 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo., 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo.
5.5.-- DeterministicDeterministic AnalysisAnalysis
WAKE RECOVERYWAKE RECOVERY Theory
1 2
2 2 2 21 2 0 1 1 0 1 1
1 12 2
L Lt t
x x
u u v u u v
1inK 2exK
21 2 1 2 1 1
1
1 exin ex in in
in
KK K K K RK
1 ( )D
2 ( )R
1 2 0
1 2 0
No Recovery
Recovery
6060/64/64““Unsteady RotorUnsteady Rotor--Stator Interaction in an Axial TurbomachineStator Interaction in an Axial Turbomachine””. .
Doctoral Thesis Doctoral Thesis -- GijGijóón. n. AprilApril, 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo., 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo.
5.5.-- DeterministicDeterministic AnalysisAnalysis NumericalNumerical
WAKE RECOVERYWAKE RECOVERY
6161/64/64““Unsteady RotorUnsteady Rotor--Stator Interaction in an Axial TurbomachineStator Interaction in an Axial Turbomachine””. .
Doctoral Thesis Doctoral Thesis -- GijGijóón. n. AprilApril, 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo., 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo.
6.6.-- ConclusionsConclusions & & FutureFuture WorkWork
1.1.-- BothBoth NUMERICAL NUMERICAL andand EXPERIMENTAL EXPERIMENTAL studiesstudies havehave beenbeen realizedrealized in in orderorder totoCHARACTERIZE CHARACTERIZE thethe UNSTEADY ROTORUNSTEADY ROTOR--STATOR INTERACTION in STATOR INTERACTION in anan AXIAL FLOW AXIAL FLOW BLOWER.BLOWER.
•• IntensiveIntensive DHW DHW measurementsmeasurements havehave beenbeen achievedachieved forfor thethe experimental experimental methodologymethodology..•• InstantaneousInstantaneous numericalnumerical velocityvelocity mapsmaps werewere obtainedobtained throughthrough a URANS a URANS simulationsimulation in in thethe FLUENT FLUENT codecode..
CONCLUSIONSCONCLUSIONS
2.2.-- BothBoth ROTOR ROTOR andand STATOR STATOR framesframes ofof referencereference havehave beenbeen consideredconsidered forfor a more a more comprehensivecomprehensive understandingunderstanding ofof thethe generationgeneration andand transporttransport ofof thethe unsteadyunsteady flowflowfeaturesfeatures. .
3.3.-- AnAn IDENTIFICATION METHODOLOGY IDENTIFICATION METHODOLOGY basedbased onon thethe deterministicdeterministic stressesstresses modelmodelhas has beenbeen employedemployed, so UNSTEADY SOURCES , so UNSTEADY SOURCES relatedrelated toto BLADE PASSING BLADE PASSING FREQUENCIES FREQUENCIES havehave beenbeen determinateddeterminated. . EitherEither interactioninteraction locationlocation, , oror unsteadinessunsteadinessintensityintensity havehave beenbeen properlyproperly segregatedsegregated andand estimatedestimated. .
6262/64/64““Unsteady RotorUnsteady Rotor--Stator Interaction in an Axial TurbomachineStator Interaction in an Axial Turbomachine””. .
Doctoral Thesis Doctoral Thesis -- GijGijóón. n. AprilApril, 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo., 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo.
6.6.-- ConclusionsConclusions & & FutureFuture WorkWork
4.4.-- CharacteristicCharacteristic POTENTIAL EFFECTS (INVISCID POTENTIAL EFFECTS (INVISCID mechanismsmechanisms) ) andand WAKE WAKE EFFECTS (BOUNDARY LAYER EFFECTS (BOUNDARY LAYER mechanismsmechanisms) ) werewere observedobserved::
•• ROTOR BLOCKAGE (ROTOR BLOCKAGE (PotentialPotential).).•• WAKEWAKE--BLADE BLADE InteractionInteraction (Radial (Radial migrationmigration ofof stator stator wakeswakes).).•• WAKEWAKE--RECOVERY RECOVERY StretchingStretching (Stator (Stator wakeswakes passingpassing throughthrough rotor rotor passagespassages).).•• WAKEWAKE--TIP TIP InteractionInteraction ((MaximumMaximum unsteadyunsteady valuesvalues atat tiptip locationslocations).).•• WAKEWAKE--WAKEWAKE InteractionInteraction (Residual stator (Residual stator wakeswakes affectingaffecting rotor rotor wakeswakes).).
CONCLUSIONSCONCLUSIONS
5.5.-- GAP AXIAL MODIFICATIONS GAP AXIAL MODIFICATIONS andand OFFOFF--DESIGN CONDITIONS DESIGN CONDITIONS havehave beenbeen includedincludedin in thethe studystudy toto determine determine thethe influenceinfluence ofof thesethese parametersparameters. General . General conclusionsconclusionspointpoint out out thatthat::
•• BothBoth parametersparameters modifymodify WAKEWAKE--ROTOR ROTOR unsteadyunsteady patternspatterns..•• WAKEWAKE--WAKEWAKE featuresfeatures are are lessless affectedaffected by by gapgap reductionreduction andand badlybadly relatedrelated totopartialpartial load load perfomanceperfomance..
6.6.-- PROPAGATION PROPAGATION mechanismsmechanisms alongalong DUCTED FAN DUCTED FAN havehave beenbeen alsoalso reviewedreviewed in in thethenumericalnumerical modellingmodelling. . TheThe relationshiprelationship betweenbetween INLET INLET andand OULET OULET perturbationsperturbations andandVANE VANE andand BLADE BLADE numbersnumbers waswas establishedestablished throughthrough TURBOFAN NOISE ANALYSIS. TURBOFAN NOISE ANALYSIS.
6363/64/64““Unsteady RotorUnsteady Rotor--Stator Interaction in an Axial TurbomachineStator Interaction in an Axial Turbomachine””. .
Doctoral Thesis Doctoral Thesis -- GijGijóón. n. AprilApril, 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo., 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo.
6.6.-- ConclusionsConclusions & & FutureFuture WorkWork
7.7.-- TheThe constructionconstruction ofof thethe DETERMINISTIC STRESS TENSOR in DETERMINISTIC STRESS TENSOR in bothboth fixedfixed andandmovingmoving referencereference framesframes has has concludedconcluded thisthis workwork. . AboutAbout thisthis issueissue, , itit can be can be saidsaidthatthat::
•• DeterministicDeterministic unsteadyunsteady featuresfeatures are more are more pronouncedpronounced atat thethe stator.stator.•• BladeBlade--toto--bladeblade tensor has tensor has revealedrevealed thatthat stator stator wakewake corecore isis unaffectedunaffected by by circumferentialcircumferential pressurepressure gradientsgradients generatedgenerated by by thethe rotor.rotor.•• BetweenBetween thethe rowsrows, similar , similar valuesvalues toto ReynoldsReynolds stressesstresses are are encounteredencountered forforDeterministicDeterministic StressesStresses ((formerformer studiesstudies).).•• DeterministicDeterministic unsteadinessunsteadiness sourcessources havehave beenbeen indentifiedindentified, so , so allall correlationscorrelationscan be can be usedused as as inputinput data data forfor a a steadysteady RANS RANS simulationsimulation..
CONCLUSIONSCONCLUSIONS
8.8.-- WAKE RECOVERY WAKE RECOVERY processprocess has has beenbeen outlinedoutlined, , withwith thethe goalgoal ofof obtainingobtaining ananestimationestimation onon thethe residual residual deterministicdeterministic kinetickinetic energyenergy associatedassociated toto stator stator wakeswakesatat downstreamdownstream rotor rotor locationslocations..
6464/64/64““Unsteady RotorUnsteady Rotor--Stator Interaction in an Axial TurbomachineStator Interaction in an Axial Turbomachine””. .
Doctoral Thesis Doctoral Thesis -- GijGijóón. n. AprilApril, 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo., 7th, 2005. University of Oviedo.
6.6.-- ConclusionsConclusions & & FutureFuture WorkWork
1.1.-- ANALYSIS OF THE ROTORANALYSIS OF THE ROTOR--STATOR CONFIGURATION, as STATOR CONFIGURATION, as wellwell as as thethe formerformerstatorstator--rotor rotor stagestage..
FUTURE WORKFUTURE WORK
2.2.-- NUMERICAL SOLUTION ENHACEMENT NUMERICAL SOLUTION ENHACEMENT throughthrough RADIAL GAP RADIAL GAP modellingmodelling. . AlsoAlso, , improvementimprovement ofof 3D 3D meshesmeshes qualityquality ((mainlymainly, , highhigh dense dense zoneszones atat bladeblade passagespassages), in ), in orderorder toto improveimprove LES LES characteristicscharacteristics ((y+y+ restrictionsrestrictions criterioncriterion))
5.5.--A A fewfew HOLYDAYSHOLYDAYS
3.3.-- DEEPER DEEPER knowledgeknowledge onon DeterministicDeterministic StressesStresses TransportTransport andand DiffusionDiffusion. . AnalysisAnalysis ofofotherother physicalphysical topicstopics relatedrelated toto DST, DST, likelike radial radial andand circumferentialcircumferential redistributionredistribution ofofthethe momentummomentum, , alsoalso reportedreported in in thethe literatureliterature..
4.4.-- INTRODUCTION OF CLOCKING EFFECTS, INTRODUCTION OF CLOCKING EFFECTS, throughthrough considerationconsideration ofof largerlargermachines machines withwith more more thanthan justjust oneone single single stagestage..
23/11/201123/11/2011
Doctoral Doctoral ThesisThesis
““UNSTEADY ROTORUNSTEADY ROTOR--STATOR STATOR INTERACTION IN AN AXIAL INTERACTION IN AN AXIAL
TURBOMACHINETURBOMACHINE””
D. JesD. Jesúús Manuel Ferns Manuel Fernáández Orondez Oro
Prof. Carlos Prof. Carlos SantolariaSantolaria MorrosMorros