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Joomla! Docs MENU
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Contents
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1 Introduction
2 Adding Access Control
3 Minimal ACL requirements at the
component level
3.1 Add the 2 minimal component level
actions to access.xml3.2 Add the permissions fieldset to
config.xml
3.3 Add the 'Options' toolbar button
when user is authorised for it
3.4 Restrict the access to the
component's backend to authorised
usergroups
4 Adding more actions, also at category
level and item level
4.1 Describing the actions you want to
control the access to
4.2 Adding the setting of permissions in
the component's Preferences4.3 Displaying only the right toolbar
buttons
4.4 Restricting access to the component
4.5 Add the asset_id column to the
database table
4.6 Restricting access to the messages
4.7 Setting the permission values in the
assets table
4.8 Showing the setting of permissions
on the item level
4.9 Adding language strings
5 Further reading
6 Deprecated classes7 Packaging the component
8 Navigate
9 Contributors
Articles in this Series
Developing a MVC Component/Adding ACLFromJoomla! Documentation
< J2.5:Developing a MVC Component
Introduction
This tutorial is part of the Developing a Model-View-Controller (MVC) Component for Joomla!2.5
tutorial. You are encouraged to read the previous parts of the tutorial before readingthis.
Adding Access ControlWith Joomla!'s Access Control we can define which user groups are allowed or denied to do which
actions in your component. In this example we use actions that are defined in the core. For the
component as a whole: core.admin (access to the configuration)and core.manage (access to
the backend). And at various levels actions like create, delete and edit. Besides those core
actions you can define your own actions, but that is often not necessary and is not shown in this
example. View/Read Access is not managed via those actions but with View Access Levels; see
general documentation about Joomla!'s ACL for that.
In the #__assets table the actual list is stored: which user groups are allowed or deniedto do
which actions on which resources (assets). This is the implementation of the Access Control List
(ACL).
In this article we will show how to add and use access permissions at several levels of granularity:
for your component as a whole, for the categories and for the individual items.
Minimal ACL requirements at the component level
There are 2 actions that need to be defined at the component level for a Joomla! 2.5 component
to offer basic ACL support:
Configure(core.admin): which groups are allowed to configure the component level
permissions via the 'Options' toolbar button?
Access Component(core.manage): which groups are allowed to access the component's
backend?
This basic ACL support is done in 4 simple steps:
Add the 2 minimal component level actions to access.xml
Add the permissions fieldset to config.xml
Add the 'Options' toolbar button
Restrict the access to the component's backend
Add the 2 minimal component level actions to access.xmlAdd an access.xmlfile to the root of the adminfolder. Put the 2 basic actions for the com_helloworld component in this file.
admin/access.xml
J2.5
See:JVersion 3.x
This tutorial is for Joomla! CMS Version(s)
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ite_parthttp://docs.joomla.org/J2.5:Developing_a_MVC_Component/Adding_a_view_to_the_site_parthttp://docs.joomla.org/J2.5:Developing_a_MVC_Component/Developing_a_Basic_Componenthttp://docs.joomla.org/J2.5:Developing_a_MVC_Component/Introductionhttp://api.joomla.org/http://developer.joomla.org/http://shop.joomla.org/http://extensions.joomla.org/http://forum.joomla.org/http://community.joomla.org/http://www.joomla.org/http://docs.joomla.org/Main_Page 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Add the permissions fieldset to config.xml
Add the following permissions fieldset to admin/config.xmlin order to be able to set our component level permissions
See the more elaborate config.xml examplefurther downwards for the exact place where to insert this code.
Add the 'Options' toolbar button when user is authorised for it
Add the following code to admin/views/helloworlds/view.html.php:
// Options button. if(JFactory::getUser()->authorise('core.admin','com_helloworld'))
{ JToolBarHelper::preferences('com_helloworld'); }
See further downwards for a more elaborated example of admin/views/helloworlds/view.html.phpwhere this
JToolBarHelper::preferences('com_helloworld')is done in an addToolBar()-method together with the other toolbar buttons and the JUser-
>authorise()-check is done in the admin/helpers/helloworld.php helper file, resulting in the $canDo-property.
Restrict the access to the component's backend to authorised usergroups
To control the access to the backend of the component add the following lines to the admin/helloworld.phpentry-file:
// Access check: is this user allowed to access the backend of this component?if(!JFactory::getUser()->authorise('core.manage','com_helloworld')){ returnJError::raiseWarning(404,JText::_('JERROR_ALERTNOAUTHOR'));}
See further downwards for the whole code of the admin/helloworld.phpfile.
Adding more actions, also at category level and item level
When adding more actions and more levels, the above described 4 steps are done too:
Add the actions to access.xml; here we can add more actions and levelsAdd the permissions-fieldset to config.xml
Add the 'Options' toolbar button
Restrict the access to the component's backend
In addition we also have to do the following steps:
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Add an asset_id to the item's database table for item level access control
Store the permissions in the assets table. Especially take care of setting the asset_id of the parent-asset
Make the settings of the permissions at the item level editable
Add some language strings
Describing the actions you want to control the access to
Each component (or part of it) has its own set of permissions that can be controlled. They are described in an access.xmlfile located at the root
of the adminfolder. In this helloworld-example the actions to which access is controlled are divided in three sections: at the component level, thecategory level and the item level. An 'item' is called a 'message' in our example component, hence the name of the third section.
admin/access.xml
Adding the setting of permissions in the component's Preferences
Since we now use Access Control permissions in our component, we need to be able to set them at the component level. That is done in the
Preferences of this component: the screen you see after clicking the 'Options' button. The config.xml-file is a form-definition for those
Preferences. We could define the component level actions here too, as a child of the "rules" field-tag, but it is now preferred to also put those
actions in access.xml: in that way all access rules for this component are on one spot.
admin/config.xml
JHIDE
JSHOW
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{ JToolBarHelper::addNew('helloworld.add','JTOOLBAR_NEW'); } if($this->canDo->get('core.edit'))
{ JToolBarHelper::editList('helloworld.edit','JTOOLBAR_EDIT'); } if($this->canDo->get('core.delete'))
{ JToolBarHelper::deleteList('','helloworlds.delete','JTOOLBAR_DELETE'); } if($this->canDo->get('core.admin'))
{ JToolBarHelper::divider(); JToolBarHelper::preferences('com_helloworld'); } } /** * Method to set up the document properties * * @return void */ protected functionsetDocument()
{ $document=JFactory::getDocument(); $document->setTitle(JText::_('COM_HELLOWORLD_ADMINISTRATION')); }
}
In the admin/views/helloworld/view.html.php, put this code
admin/views/helloworld/view.html.php
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// Set the document $this->setDocument(); }
/** * Setting the toolbar */ protected functionaddToolBar()
{ $input=JFactory::getApplication()->input; $input->set('hidemainmenu',true); $user=JFactory::getUser();
$userId=$user->id; $isNew=$this->item->id==0; JToolBarHelper::title($isNew? JText::_('COM_HELLOWORLD_MANAGER_HELLOWORLD_NEW') :JText::_('COM_HELLOWORLD_MANAGER_HELLOWORLD_EDIT'),'helloworld'); // Build the actions for new and existing records. if($isNew)
{ // For new records, check the create permission. if($this->canDo->get('core.create'))
{ JToolBarHelper::apply('helloworld.apply','JTOOLBAR_APPLY'); JToolBarHelper::save('helloworld.save','JTOOLBAR_SAVE'); JToolBarHelper::custom('helloworld.save2new','save-new.png','save-new_f2.png', 'JTOOLBAR_SAVE_AND_NEW',false); }
JToolBarHelper::cancel('helloworld.cancel','JTOOLBAR_CANCEL'); } else { if($this->canDo->get('core.edit')) { // We can save the new record JToolBarHelper::apply('helloworld.apply','JTOOLBAR_APPLY'); JToolBarHelper::save('helloworld.save','JTOOLBAR_SAVE');
// We can save this record, but check the create permission to see // if we can return to make a new one. if($this->canDo->get('core.create'))
{ JToolBarHelper::custom('helloworld.save2new','save-new.png','save-
new_f2.png', 'JTOOLBAR_SAVE_AND_NEW',false); } } if($this->canDo->get('core.create'))
{ JToolBarHelper::custom('helloworld.save2copy','save-copy.png','save-copy_f2.png', 'JTOOLBAR_SAVE_AS_COPY',false); } JToolBarHelper::cancel('helloworld.cancel','JTOOLBAR_CLOSE'); } } /** * Method to set up the document properties *
* @return void */ protected functionsetDocument()
{ $isNew=$this->item->id==0; $document=JFactory::getDocument(); $document->setTitle($isNew? JText::_('COM_HELLOWORLD_HELLOWORLD_CREATING') :JText::_('COM_HELLOWORLD_HELLOWORLD_EDITING')); $document->addScript(JURI::root().$this->script); $document->addScript(JURI::root()."/administrator/components/com_helloworld" ."/views/helloworld/submitbutton.js"); JText::script('COM_HELLOWORLD_HELLOWORLD_ERROR_UNACCEPTABLE'); }}
These two files use the getActionsmethod defined in the admin/helpers/helloworld.phpfile
In the helper-file, put this code:
admin/helpers/helloworld.php
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// import joomla controller libraryjimport('joomla.application.component.controller');// Get an instance of the controller prefixed by HelloWorld$controller=JController::getInstance('HelloWorld');// Perform the Request task$input=JFactory::getApplication()->input;$controller->execute($input->getCmd('task'));// Redirect if set by the controller
$controller->redirect();
Add the asset_id column to the database table
In order to be able to work with JTable an asset_id column has to be added to the database #__helloworld table.
So, admin/sql/install.mysql.utf8.sql becomes:
admin/sql/install.mysql.utf8.sql
DROPTABLEIFEXISTS`#__helloworld`;
CREATETABLE`#__helloworld`( `id`int(11)NOTNULLAUTO_INCREMENT, `asset_id INT(10)NOTNULLDEFAULT'0', `greeting`varchar(25)NOTNULL, `catid`int(11)NOTNULLDEFAULT'0', `params`TEXTNOTNULLDEFAULT'', PRIMARY KEY (`id`));INSERTINTO`#__helloworld`(`greeting`)VALUES ('Hello World!'), ('Good bye World!');
For updates we add a sql-update-file:
admin/sql/updates/mysql/0.0.14.sql
ALTERTABLE`#__helloworld`ADDCOLUMN`asset_id INT(10)UNSIGNEDNOTNULLDEFAULT'0'AFTER`id`;
Restricting access to the messages
So far we have restricted access to the component itself, but we also need to do that at messagelevel.
To check the "core.delete"permission you need to modify the model class: admin/models/helloworld.phpby adding these lines:
/** * Method to check if it's OK to delete a message. Overwrites JModelAdmin::canDelete */ protected functioncanDelete($record) { if(!empty($record->id)){ $user=JFactory::getUser(); return$user->authorise("core.delete","com_helloworld.message.".$record->id); } }
To check "core.edit"(and core.addif you wish) you need to update the sub-controller (notthe model). I am not sure why this is so, but that's
how other standard Joomla components do it. You need to add the following lines in the f ile: /admin/controllers/helloworld.php
/** * Implement to allowAdd or not * * Not used at this time (but you can look at how other components use it....) * Overwrites: JControllerForm::allowAdd *
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* @param array $data * @return bool */ protected functionallowAdd($data=array()) { returnparent::allowAdd($data); }
/** * Implement to allow edit or not * Overwrites: JControllerForm::allowEdit *
* @param array $data * @param string $key * @return bool */ protected functionallowEdit($data=array(),$key='id') { $id=isset($data[$key])? $data[$key]:0; if(!empty($id)){ $user=JFactory::getUser(); return$user->authorise("core.edit","com_helloworld.message.".$id); } }
Please note that allowAddsimply calls its parent. I've put it here in case you want to actually use it in your component. If you look at your
admin/access.xmlfile, you will notice there is no core.addaction defined for "messages", so you will need to add it there as well if you want to be
able to configure it in the interface.
Setting the permission values in the assets table
In order to store permissions for each message in the assets database table, we have to instruct the table class associated with the model to
save those permissions in the assets table.
JTable not only provides an interface for storing the data of the record itself in the item's database table, but also for storing the permissions for
that record in the assets database table. Therefore we must add information to the bind()-method about the permission-values. We also have to
provide the asset name, asset title and the id of the asset parent via the helloworld JTable. Therefore we override 3 methods:
_getAssetName(): a unique name for this asset, by which it can be retrieved_getAssetTitle(): a more human-friendly way to identify the asset (not necessary unique)
_getAssetParentId(): the asset_id of the parent in the asset database table (from whom permissions are inherited)
admin/tables/helloworld.php
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publicfunctionbind($array,$ignore=''){
if(isset($array['params'])&&is_array($array['params'])){
// Convert the params field to a string. $parameter=newJRegistry; $parameter->loadArray($array['params']); $array['params']=(string)$parameter; }
// Bind the rules. if(isset($array['rules'])&&is_array($array['rules']))
{ $rules=newJAccessRules($array['rules']); $this->setRules($rules); }
returnparent::bind($array,$ignore); }
/** * Overridden load function * * @param int $pk primary key * @param boolean $reset reset data * @return boolean * @see JTable:load
*/ publicfunctionload($pk=null,$reset=true)
{ if(parent::load($pk,$reset))
{ // Convert the params field to a registry. $params=newJRegistry; $params->loadJSON($this->params); $this->params=$params; returntrue; } else { returnfalse; }
}
/** * Method to compute the default name of the asset. * The default name is in the form `table_name.id` * where id is the value of the primary key of the table. * * @return string * @since 2.5 */ protected function_getAssetName() { $k=$this->_tbl_key; return'com_helloworld.message.'.(int)$this->$k; }
/** * Method to return the title to use for the asset table. * * @return string * @since 2.5 */ protected function_getAssetTitle() { return$this->greeting; }
/** * Method to get the asset-parent-id of the item *
* @return int */ protected function_getAssetParentId() { // We will retrieve the parent-asset from the Asset-table $assetParent=JTable::getInstance('Asset'); // Default: if no asset-parent can be found we take the global asset $assetParentId=$assetParent->getRootId();
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// Find the parent-asset
if(($this->catid)&&!empty($this->catid)) { // The item has a category as asset-parent $assetParent->loadByName('com_helloworld.category.'.(int)$this->catid); } else { // The item has the component as asset-parent $assetParent->loadByName('com_helloworld'); }
// Return the found asset-parent-id
if($assetParent->id) { $assetParentId=$assetParent->id; } return$assetParentId; }}
This code for _getAssetParentId() above uses JTableAsset to retrieve the asset_id of the asset-parent. This is different from the code in the
current version of com_content, where the asset_id of the category is retrieved from the #__categories database table. That is another
possibility; many ways leading to Rome. In com_content however, if an item would not be under a category, then the asset_id of the global asset
is returned. That would of course not be right, but is fixed there by providing a default category "uncategorised", so that an article is alwaysundera category. That is why you cannot just copy the code of _getAssetParentId() in com_content to your own component. The code above is more
general.
Showing the setting of permissions on the item level
Adding the rules field to the form-definition of the edit-form
admin/models/forms/helloworld.xml
And display the ACL interface at the bottom of your Helloworld editform
admin/views/helloworld/tmpl/edit.php
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Adding language strings
We used 3 language strings that have to be added to the backend language-file.
admin/language/en-GB/en-GB.com_helloworld.ini
COM_HELLOWORLD_FIELDSET_RULES="Message Permissions"COM_HELLOWORLD_ACCESS_DELETE_DESC="Is this group allowed to edit this message?"
COM_HELLOWORLD_ACCESS_DELETE_DESC="Is this group allowed to delete this message?"
Further reading
More information on actions, assets and ACL can be found on the following pages:
General information and use:Access Control List/1.6-2.5/Tutorial
Technical information, under construction:ACL Technique in Joomla!
How to implement actions in your code
Adding ACL rules to your component
Deprecated classesFor the moment we leave the deprecated JError-references as they are. They will probably still be available in Joomla! 3.x. We cannot just
change them to JLog::add() statements because in Joomla! 2.5 the messages will then not be enqueued (as there is no messagequeue-logger
added as is in /libraries/cms.php in Joomla! 3.0). Other solutions, like using $app->enqueueMessage() or directly throwing PHP-exceptions as
showstopper are also possible, but then there would still be numerous references to JError throughout the application. For instance in the view, we
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now check for errors raised in the model with: count($errors = $this->get('Errors')), which uses JError from the JOBject that was the base for
JModel. To get the same functionality without using JError at all, we would have to change the way the Model raises those errors and warnings
now. If we want to make an application that would work in Joomla! 2.5 and 3.x we can continue using JError. T he moment we want to use our 3.x
extensions also in 4.x we will have to change this (and probably a lot more too). This tutorial is now primarily focussed on Joomla! 2.5. So: we
notice the upcoming change, but leave it there for the moment.
Since Joomla! 2.5.5 the MVC-base-classes JController, JModel and JView got proxies JControllerLegacy, JModelLegacy and JViewLegacy. You are
recommended to use those proxies instead of the original classes to be forward compatibility with Joomla! CMS 3.x legacy classes.
Packaging the componentContent of your code directory
helloworld.xml
site/index.html
site/helloworld.php
site/controller.php
site/views/index.html
site/views/helloworld/index.html
site/views/helloworld/view.html.php
site/views/helloworld/tmpl/index.html
site/views/helloworld/tmpl/default.xml
site/views/helloworld/tmpl/default.php
site/models/index.html
site/models/helloworld.php
site/language/index.html
site/language/en-GB/index.html
site/language/en-GB/en-GB.com_helloworld.ini
admin/index.html
admin/access.xml
admin/config.xml
admin/helloworld.php
admin/controller.php
admin/sql/index.html
admin/sql/install.mysql.utf8.sql
admin/sql/uninstall.mysql.utf8.sql
admin/sql/updates/index.html
admin/sql/updates/mysql/index.html
admin/sql/updates/mysql/0.0.1.sql
admin/sql/updates/mysql/0.0.6.sql
admin/sql/updates/mysql/0.0.12.sql
admin/sql/updates/mysql/0.0.13.sql
admin/models/index.htmladmin/models/fields/index.html
admin/models/fields/helloworld.php
admin/models/forms/index.html
admin/models/forms/helloworld.xml
admin/models/forms/helloworld.js
admin/models/rules/index.html
admin/models/rules/greeting.php
admin/models/helloworld.php
admin/models/helloworlds.php
admin/views/index.html
admin/views/helloworlds/index.html
admin/views/helloworlds/view.html.php
admin/views/helloworlds/tmpl/index.html
admin/views/helloworlds/tmpl/default.php
admin/views/helloworlds/tmpl/default_head.php
converted by Web2PDFConvert.com
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admin/views/helloworlds/tmpl/default_body.php
admin/views/helloworlds/tmpl/default_foot.php
admin/views/helloworld/index.html
admin/views/helloworld/view.html.php
admin/views/helloworld/submitbutton.js
admin/views/helloworld/tmpl/index.html
admin/views/helloworld/tmpl/edit.php
admin/helpers/index.html
admin/helpers/helloworld.phpadmin/tables/index.html
admin/tables/helloworld.php
admin/language/en-GB/en-GB.com_helloworld.ini
admin/language/en-GB/en-GB.com_helloworld.sys.ini
admin/controllers/index.html
admin/controllers/helloworld.php
admin/controllers/helloworlds.php
language/en-GB/en-GB.ini
media/index.html
media/images/index.html
media/images/tux-16x16.pngmedia/images/tux-48x48.png
Create a compressed file of this directory or directly download the archive (TODO: zip has to be updated! Will be done coming days...) and
install it using the extension manager of Joomla. You can add a menu item of this component using the menu manager in the backend.
helloworld.xml
COM_HELLOWORLD
November 2009 John Doe [email protected] http://www.example.org Copyright Info License Info 0.0.14 COM_HELLOWORLD_DESCRIPTION
sql/install.mysql.utf8.sql
sql/uninstall.mysql.utf8.sql sql/updates/mysql
index.html helloworld.php controller.php views models
converted by Web2PDFConvert.com
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language
index.html images
COM_HELLOWORLD_MENU
index.html config.xml access.xml helloworld.php controller.php sql tables
models views controllers helpers
language/en-GB/en-GB.com_helloworld.ini language/en-GB/en-GB.com_helloworld.sys.ini
Navigate
Prev: Adding configurationNext: Adding an install/uninstall/update script file
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