Doc.: IEEE 802.15-15-06-0018-00-003c Submission January, 2006 Chun-Ting Chou, PhilipsSlide 1 NOTE:...

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January, 2006 Chun-Ting Chou, Philips Slide 1 doc.: IEEE 802.15-15-06-0018- 00-003c Submiss ion red fields replacing with your information; they are required. This is a manual update fields are informational and are to be deleted. Black stays. After updating delete thi Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs) Networks (WPANs) Submission Title: [Medium Access Control (MAC) in Wireless PAN using Directional Antennas] Date Submitted: [16 January, 2006] Source: [Chun-Ting Chou, Alireza Seyedi and Richard Chen] Company [Philips] Address [345 Scarborough Rd, Briarcliff Manor, NY 10510 ] Voice:[914 945 6099], FAX: [914 945 6330], E-Mail:[chun- [email protected]] Re: [N/A] Abstract: [Investigation of required MAC functionalities, given the introduction of directional antennas in 802.15.3c physical layer] Purpose: [Discuss required MAC functionalities, given the introduction of directional antennas in 802.15.3c physical layer] Notice: This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE P802.15. It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein. Release: The contributor acknowledges and accepts that this contribution becomes the property of IEEE and may be made publicly

Transcript of Doc.: IEEE 802.15-15-06-0018-00-003c Submission January, 2006 Chun-Ting Chou, PhilipsSlide 1 NOTE:...

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January, 2006

Chun-Ting Chou, PhilipsSlide 1

doc.: IEEE 802.15-15-06-0018-00-003c

Submission

NOTE: Update all red fields replacing with your information; they are required. This is a manual update in appropriatefields. All Blue fields are informational and are to be deleted. Black stays. After updating delete this box/paragraph.

Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs)Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs)

Submission Title: [Medium Access Control (MAC) in Wireless PAN using Directional Antennas]Date Submitted: [16 January, 2006]Source: [Chun-Ting Chou, Alireza Seyedi and Richard Chen] Company [Philips]Address [345 Scarborough Rd, Briarcliff Manor, NY 10510]Voice:[914 945 6099], FAX: [914 945 6330], E-Mail:[[email protected]]

Re: [N/A]

Abstract: [Investigation of required MAC functionalities, given the introduction of directional antennas in 802.15.3c physical layer]

Purpose: [Discuss required MAC functionalities, given the introduction of directional antennas in 802.15.3c physical layer]

Notice: This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE P802.15. It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein.Release: The contributor acknowledges and accepts that this contribution becomes the property of IEEE and may be made publicly available by P802.15.

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Chun-Ting Chou, PhilipsSlide 2

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Submission

Medium Access Control (MAC) in Wireless PAN using Directional

Antennas

Opportunities and challenges

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Outline

• Background

• Benefits of Directional Antennas

• Challenges at MAC layer

• Issues of existing IEEE 802.15.3 MAC

• Conclusions

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Background

• IEEE 802.15.3c Task Group is generating a high rate

mm wave (60GHz) alternate PHY for 802.15.3.

• High frequency results in high path-loss. Hence,

exploiting antenna gain is necessary.

• High frequency enables us to design small directional

antennas and/or antenna arrays.– What functionalities are necessary and/or beneficial for

a WPAN MAC with directional antennas.

– Is 802.15.3 MAC equipped to handle devices with

directional antennas?

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Benefits of Directional Antennas

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• Abstract model

• Advantages of directional antennas– Higher gains, longer transmission range– Directional transmission/reception: spatial

reuse

Omni. vs. Directional Antennas

TxRx

Tx

Rx

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Challenges at MAC Layer

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Challenge #1: Neighbor Discovery

• Different Tx/Rx antenna modes could be used at PHY layer

• Three types of neighbors– Omni-omni neighbors

– Directional-omni neighbors

– Directional-directional neighbors

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Challenge #1: Neighbors Discovery (conti.)

• Mechanisms for neighbor discovery – Discovery of omni-omni neighbors is trivial– New mechanisms are required for

discovery of directional-omni and directional-directional neighbors• Location/direction information makes it a lot

easier; otherwise,• Intelligent algorithms are needed

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Chun-Ting Chou, PhilipsSlide 10

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Challenge #2: New Hidden-node Problems

• The Cause: Deafness– Asymmetry in Tx/Rx antenna gains

– Directional Transmission/Reception

CTSRTS

DATA

RTS

A B

A does not knowthe transmission

of B and vice versa

A

B does not know the

transmission between A and

Rx

Rx

Rx

Rx1

Rx2

B

B

Many other Cases !!

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Chun-Ting Chou, PhilipsSlide 11

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Challenge #3: Spatial Reuse

• A by-product of directional transmission and reception

• Advantages: higher spectrum efficiency and user/system throughput (as high as 800% depending on the node density, antenna gain and types [1]-[3], very useful for compensating higher overheard due to high transmission rate)

A

B

Rx2

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Challenge #3: Spatial Reuse (conti.)

• A non-trivial problem– Hidden node problems (challenge #2)– Longer interference range

• Potential Solutions– Use directional network allocation vector

(D-NAV) in distributed networks

Rx2A RX1B RX2 B A Rx1

(a) Interference-free concurrent transmissions

(b) Interfering concurrent transmissions

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Challenge #3: Spatial Reuse (conti.)

– Use space-time scheduling in centralized networks

– Antenna gain/power control• without control

• with control

Rx2B Rx1A

directional-directional neighbors

Rx2B Rx1A

No interference

Receive interference

from B

Concurrent directional

transmission

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Issues of existing IEEE 802.15.3 MAC

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Existing IEEE 15.3 MAC

• Omni-omni neighbor is assumed

• Contention- and polling-based channel mechanism are both used

Superframe # m-1 Superframe # m+1

Channel time allocation periodBeacon

# m

Contention

access period

MCTA 1 MCTA 2 CTA 1 CTA 2 CTA n

Superframe # m

Piconet controller/devicesassociation via broadcasting beacons (neighbor discovery)

CSMA/CA medium access Control for control messages)

Scheduled transmission in channel time allocated by piconet controller

Challenge # 1 Challenge # 2 Challenges # 2 and 3

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Chun-Ting Chou, PhilipsSlide 16

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Conclusions

• Directional antennas bring in new opportunities– Longer transmission range, higher

spectrum efficiency

• Challenges at MAC layer– Neighbor discovery, new hidden node

problems, spatial reuse and power control

• The next step?

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Chun-Ting Chou, PhilipsSlide 17

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References

[1] R. Ramanathan and etc., “Ad Hoc Networking With Directional Antennas: A Complete System Solution,” IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, vol. 23, No. 3, Mar. 2005.

[2] R. Ramanathan, “On the Performance of Ad Hoc Networks with Beamforming Antennas”, ACM MobiHoc, 2001.

[3] R. Choudhury and etc., “Using Directional Antennas for Medium Access Control in Ad Hoc Networks,” ACM MOBICOM, 2002.

[4] L. Bao and etc., “Transmission Scheduling in Ad Hoc Networks with Directional Antennas,” ACM MOBICOM, 2002.

[5] T. Korakis and etc., “A MAC Protocol for Full Exploitation of Directional Antennas in Ad Hoc Wireless Networks,” ACM MobiHoc, 2003