Do Now: U.S. involvementAfter fighting has been going on in Europe for 3

years, the U.S. enters the war on the side of the Allies.

[paragraph] FREEWRITE – How will the U.S.’s entry affect the war?

Consider one or more of these things:1. What problems is each side having MILITARILY during

the first three years of the war?2. How do Europeans on the HOME FRONT (non-military

civilians) feel about the war after 3 years of fighting? 3. What specific advantages could the U.S. give to the

Allies?4. How could the U.S.’s entry hurt the Central Powers?

REMINDERS:

NOTES CHECK next Tuesday (bring ‘em!)

Lecture 2: End of WWI

Just add it on to the end of the last set of notes!

WHAT HAPPENS NEXT?

STALEMATE…people are dying in gruesome and horrifying numbers (both soldiers and civilians)

Discontent on the home front A new player enters to change the tide

1. US EntersU.S. - policy of isolation

Germany - policy of “unrestricted submarine warfare”

A. Lusitania

• 1915 - Germany sinks the Lusitania (passenger ship…carrying some ammunition)

The Germans keep sinking ships…

• Including 3 American ships

B. The Zimmerman NoteThe Final Straw

• February 1917: British intercept a letter from Germany to Mexico

What does it say to make the Americans SO mad?

“Oh no you didn’t!”

The Zimmerman Telegram

American public calls for war

• Sided with The Allies (why?)

April 2, 1917 U.S. declares war on Central Powers

“The world must be made safe for democracy…”

Add 2 questions/comments

2. The end of warCentral Powers imploding

1918 – one last push on the Western Front…fails…

Exhausted!

Central Powers agree to an armistice

PEACE TREATIES…Central Powers lose…and everyone wants

something different when drafting the treaty for peace.

Step 1. What would the ALLIES want in the peace treaty (as the winners…)? What would the CENTRAL POWERS want (as the losers…)?

Step 2. Write your OWN peace treaty that YOU THINK would be the best compromise AND would lead to a lasting peace.

Step 3. What REALLY happened?

The Treaty of Versailles

The End of World War I

(Perpetual Peace???)

Actual Outcomes:

• Colonies:– Mandate System: Germany’s colonies

“protected by” Allies (no self-determination!)

Bye colonies! Thanks for

the resources

Actual Outcomes:

• Military:– Germany had to:

• Reduce its army to 100,000 men• Reduce navy to 6 war ships• Get rid of submarines• Destroy its airforce

Subs, too?

Actual Outcomes:

• Reparations:– Germany had to pay $33 million in damage

Whoa, that’s some cash!

Actual Outcomes:

• Empire:– Germany had to give land to Allies– Ottoman Empire dissolves (Mandate System for

Syria, Iraq, Palestine, etc.)

Actual Outcomes:

• Keeping the peace:– President Wilson wanted a League of

Nations to promote communication and avoid future wars

– US refused to join Trying to keep me from

coming back…

Flaws?

• Why did the Allies punish Germany so harshly?

What was the impact of Germany’s harsh punishment?

Do Now: Treaty of Versailles

[paragraph] What do you think France and Britain’s attitude was toward Germany at the end of World War I? How do you think this attitude was reflected in the peace treaty that ended the war (the Treaty of Versailles)?

Do Now: Treaty of Versailles

Take 5 minutes to finish your World War I peace treaty (started in class on Friday)

Today’s Notes

Title: Traitor or Victim?

1. Answer question #6 in paragraph form.

2. Summarize the situation depicted at the beginning of “A Very Long Engagement”. Do you think these men’s cases were handled appropriately? Why or why not?