Do Now-The Earth’s Motion and Seasons,

pg 178

___ is a complete trip of the Earth around the Sun. This takes the Earth ____ (timeframe: hours, days,

years) and is in an ___ pattern.___ is a complete turn of the Earth on its axis from

west to east. This takes the Earth ___ . (timeframe)

1. ___ is a complete trip of the Earth around the Sun. This takes the Earth ____ (time) and is in an ___ pattern.

Revolution365 days

elliptical

2. Rotation ___Skip 2 lines

This takes the Earth ___ (time) to rotate.

is a complete turn of the Earth on its axis from west to east.

24 hours

4. Has more masswhen they are closer together5. The Sun has more mass therefore it makes the Earth revolves. B. The Earth has more mass therefore it makes the Moon revolves.8. axis

10. 24 hours11. Seasonal change13. Elliptical orbit, winter, summer14. distance from the Sunb. the tilt15. east, west

20. The north star gives us more daylight hours and tilting of the Earth gives some areas more Sun21. the area of the tilt gets more Sun.

1. At the northern hemisphere, which season is taking place?2. At the southern hemisphere?

3. At the northern hemisphere, what month is taking place?4. At the southern hemisphere?

Earth’s Motion and Seasons#15

Tilt of the Earth1. Label the arrows on the map.2. Color the map.3. Draw a line from North to South Pole and label its distance in kilometers.4. Label the distance of the equator in kilometers.5. Draw a line 0.5 mm above the equator and label that line Tropic of Cancer.6. Draw a line 0.5 mm below the equator and label that line Tropic of Capricorn.7. Cut and paste the map. Do not cut out your labels.8. After pasting it, draw an arrow from West to East below the map on the background paper.9. Draw and color a Sun, either to the left or right side.10. Title it, “___(season) in the Northern Hemisphere.

Draw this diagram that represents the Northern Hemisphere.

Do Now

1. ___ = the Sun’s rays shine at the Tropic of Cancer/ Capricorn.

2. Summer solstice is the ___ day of the year while the winter solstice is the ___ day of the year.

3. ___ = the Sun’s rays shine directly at the equator.

4. ___ and ___ equinox = the length of day and night are both equal.

solstice

longest

shortestequinox

Fall spring

Activity- Earth’s tilt

Do Now-numbers and directions you need to know

1. The Earth rotates from ___ to ___ (compass direction) , giving us ___ (timeframe) of day and night.

2. This means that ___ in the east and ___ in the west.

3. The Earth revolves ___ (direction) around the Sun in an elliptical

shape for ___ (timeframe) .

west east24 hours

sunrisessunsets

counterclockwise

365 days

Do Now-numbers and directions you need to know

4. The ___ goes through the Earth from the North to South Pole.5. Earth tilts at 23.5 degrees, giving us ___ seasons. 6. Moon ___ around the Earth for 28 days.

axis

fourrevolves

The Seasons in the Northern Hemisphereopposite of page 183, figure 6

Do NowHemisphere Solstice date Equinox date

Northern

summer fall

summer fall

winter

June 21/22

Dec 21/22

Sept 21/22

spring Mar 21/22

winter June 21/22

Dec 21/22

spring Sept 21/22

Mar 21/22

Southern

Gizmo: Earth, Moon and Sun-pg 3

X21X4XX2XX8X

Do Now- video clips1. The Sun’s rays light more at the ___ Hemisphere, which is closer to the Sun, giving us ___ heat. 2. Therefore in the Southern Hemisphere, ___ solstice has arrived.3. In June, the Sun’s rays are shining towards the Tropic of ___, giving ___ solstice in the Northern Hemisphere.4. The ___ of the Earth can give the poles 24 hours of daylight for 6 months.

1. The Sun’s rays light more at the ___ Hemisphere, which is closer to the Sun, giving us ___ heat. 2. Therefore in the Southern Hemisphere, ___ solstice has arrived.

Southern

moresummer

3. In June, the Sun’s rays are shining towards the Tropic of ___ , giving ___ solstice in the Northern Hemisphere.4. The ___ of the Earth can give the poles 24 hours of daylight for 6 months.

Capricorn winter

tilt

Do Now- The Earth’s Moon, pg 184-192

1. How does the moon’s appearance change during a month?

2. How might the tides affect the way this boat is tied? Look at picture3. What do you think causes the tides? Look at picture

It appears to have different shapes as it goes through phases.

2. How might the tides affect the way this boat is tied? More water, the tighter the rope;

less water, the looser the rope.

3. What do you think causes the tides? The moon’s gravitational pull.

Do Now 1. ___ is the amount of matter in a given

amount of space.2. The moon has the same density of the first two layers of the ___.3. Density ( ) = mass ( )

volume ( ) 4. density of water = 5. Float = less dense, ___= more dense

Do Now1. On Earth, the sun’s rays are absorbed from different amounts by various factors:a) colors- Black absorbs all wavelengths of light and ___ none. While white reflects all wavelengths of light and therefore absorbs the least heat. b) solid- It takes ___ thermal energy to heat solids as the molecules are condensed. c) liquids- TE gets ___ absorbed since liquids need to be evaporated first. But liquids stay heated longer due to the H+ and O- charges.

reflects

less

slowly

Do Now1. Which will boil pasta faster, using 1 cup or 2 cups of water? Explain.1 cup. Since there is less water, the evaporation rate will be quicker.

Recap:Solids versus LiquidsDark colors versus Light colors

CloudyHighWarmIn the water (bottom half of the bottle)

The high pressure forces the air molecules to move downward

Evaporation

Do Now

1. ___ is the amount of matter in a given amount of space.2. The moon has the same density of the first two layers of the ___ .3. Density ( ) = mass ( )

volume ( ) 4. density of water = 5. Float = less dense, ___ = more dense

density

Earthg/ml grams

ml1 g/mlsink

Do NowList the colors in order of density.Floatdensity is ___ than water1. ___2. ___3. ___Sinksdensity is ___ than water

less

greater

yellow

bluered

Do Now1. Marias which are ___ colored were formed by lava flows.2. The light colored lunar highlands are ___ lunar surfaces.3. Circular depressions are ___ formed by meteorites striking the Moon’s surface.4. Identify A through F by using the words MARIA, LUNAR HIGHLAND,And CRATER.

dark

elevatedcraters

A

B

C

D

E

F

• A = crater• B = maria• C = lunar highland

• D = crater• E = lunar highland• F = maria

Do Now 1. We only see one side of the moon because the two motions of ___ and ___ take the same time which is ___ days. Video clip 2. Describe new moon. The moon is between the sun and earth, so ___ moon is seen. 3. Describe full moon. Earth is between the sun and moon so ___ % of the lit moon can be seen.

1. We only see one side of the moon because the two motions of ___ and ___ take the same time which is ___ days.

2. Describe new moon. The moon is between the sun and earth, so ___ moon is seen. 3. Describe full moon. Earth is between the sun and moon so ___% of the lit moon can be seen. Video clip

revolution rotation 27.3

2. Describe new moon. The moon is between the sun and earth, so ___ moon is seen.

3. Describe full moon. Earth is between the sun and moon so ___% of the lit moon can be seen.

no

100

Do Now1. Draw a New Moon:2. You can not see any of the New Moon

because the lighted half of the Moon is facing the Sun at ___ .

3. Draw a Waxing Crescent:4. Draw a First Quarter:5. This occurs at ___ .

noon

sunset

Do Now6. Draw a Waxing Gibbous.7. Draw a Full Moon. 8. A Full Moon occurs at ___ .9. Draw a Waning Gibbous.10. Draw a Third Quarter.11. A Third Quarter occurs at ___.12. Draw a Waning Crescent.

midnight

sunrise

Do Now-1. Which moon phase did you see last night?

http://www.moonconnection.com/moon_phases_calendar.phtml

Answer:

Waxing Gibbous

2. Identify the eight phases of the moon, given the Sun is shining on the right side.

A

B

C

D

E

F

G

Phases of the moon where the Sun shines on the right side

• A = First Quarter• B = Waning Gibbous• C = Waning Crescent

• D = Waxing Crescent• E = Waxing Gibbous• F = Full Moon• G = Third Quarter

• Not pictured is:

New Moon

Do Now1. Draw the Sun and the eight moons revolving

the Earth.2. Shade in the eight semi circled moons correctly.3. Label each phase of the moon.

Answers

New Moon

Waning Crescent

Third Quarter

Waning Gibbous

Full Moon

Waxing Gibbous

First Quarter

Waxing Crescent

Do Now3. Identify the eight phases of the moon, given the Sun

is shining on the left side.

A

B

C

D

E

F

G

Phases of the moon where the Sun shines on the left side

• A = Third Quarter• B = Waxing Gibbous• C = Waxing Crescent

• D = Waning Crescent• E = Waning Gibbous• F = Full Moon• G = First Quarter• Not pictured is:

New Moon

Study Guide

1. Earth has a spherical ___.

2. Earth ___ the sun in an elliptical shape.

3. The sun shines at the equator= a?, seasons?

Review

4. The sun shines at the Tropic of Cancer= a?, season in northern hemisphere?

5. The sun shines at the Tropic of Capricorn= a?, season in the northern hemisphere?

6. Gravity depends on: a?, b?

Review

7. The axis makes the Earth ___for 24 hours and gives the Earth its ___.

8. The moon rotates for ___ days.

9. The moon revolves for ___ days.

10. The ___ revolves around the Earth as the ___ revolves around the Sun.

Review

11. The three main features of the moon:

12. If it is summer in the northern hemisphere, then it must be ___ in the southern hemisphere.

13. Name the month that autumn equinox starts. 14. The rotation of the Earth means we get 24 hours of ___ and ___.

Review

15. The tilting of the Earth gives us ___.

16. The Earth rotates in a ___ direction.

17. The moon rotates in a ___ direction.

18. What is the next phase after first quarter moon?

Review

E(1) E(L) S E(R) E(2)

northern hemisphere

19. Which season is E1?21. E2?22. E3?

Review

23. ___ (phase) = moon is between the Sun and Earth. 24. Waxing crescent and waxing gibbous means ___.

26. Draw a waning gibbous moon.

25. Draw a waxing crescent moon.

Answer Key1. Shape2. Revolves3a. Equinox, b. spring/fever4a. Solstice, b. summer5a. Solstice, b. winter6. mass, distance7. rotates, tilt8. 27.39. 27.310. moon, Earth

Answer key

11. maria, lunar highlands, craters12. winter13. september14. day, night15. seasons16. counterclockwise17. CCW18. waxing gibbous

Answer Key

19. E1- winter21. E2- summer22. E3- fall23. new moon24. lit part of the moon is getting bigger

Do Nowhttp://blogs.voanews.com/science-world/2012/03/16/why-we-never-see-the-far-side-of-the-moon/

1. Identify the three main parts of the moon.2. We can't see the other side of the Moon because

the Moon rotates in the same amount of time it takes to ___ the Earth; thus, it keeps the same side toward us at all times.

3. This is due to a phenomenon called "tidal ___ “.4. Basically, over a very long period of time, the

Earth's ___ has slowed the Moon's rotation to the point where it takes about the same amount of time to rotate as it does to orbit the Earth.

Do Nowhttp://blogs.voanews.com/science-world/2012/03/16/why-we-never-see-the-far-side-of-the-moon/

1. Identify the three main parts of the moon.2. We can't see the other side of the Moon because

the Moon rotates in the same amount of time it takes to ___ the Earth; thus, it keeps the same side toward us at all times.

3. This is due to a phenomenon called "tidal ___ 4. Basically, over a very long period of time, the

Earth's ___ has slowed the Moon's rotation to the point where it takes about the same amount of time to rotate as it does to orbit the Earth.

orbit

dissipation”.

gravity

Do NowFour hypotheses on the formation of the moon.1. Fission hypothesis- a rapidly spinning Earth

splits into two. The smaller rock being the ___.2. Co-formation hypothesis- the Earth and moon

form at the ___ time.3. Capture hypothesis- the Earth’s ___ captures

the moon into its orbit.4. Collision hypothesis- a Mars sized rock ___ with

Earth. The smashed pieces form the moon.

moon

samegravity

collides

http://www.windows2universe.org/earth/moon/moon_evolution_overview.html&edu=elem

The Collisional Ejection Theory Currently, the theory that best

explains all the evidence is the collisional ejection theory. This theory holds that the Moon formed from debris ejected from the Earth when a large object (the size of Mars) crashed into the Earth. The energy from such a collision produces a stream of vaporized rock from the impact. The Moon forms from this cooled material.

This theory explains many of the known properties of the Moon's orbit and composition. The ejected material would have coalesced in or near the ecliptic plane, putting the Moon into an orbit much like the one it has. The Moon, which is believed to have a small iron core, could have retained this core through the collision. Also, this collision could have tipped the Earth's axis, causing the seasons we now know.

An illustration of a chicxulub impact

The Capture Theory Many of the moons around other

planets are really captured asteroids and not objects that formed in place with the mother planet, or were ejected by the mother planet. One hint is the shape. If a moon is shaped irregularly (more like a potato than round like the Earth's Moon) it is a good sign that a moon is really a captured asteroid. Phobos and Deimos of Mars look like this. Another good sign that a moon may be captured is if it orbits in a direction opposite to that of the mother planet. An example of a moon of this kind is Neptune's moon Triton.

The Earth's Moon is both rounded in shape and orbits with Earth. These are the best clues that the Moon is not captured. If the Moon were captured it would explain why the Moon and the Earth do not appear to be made of the same kinds of rock.

Small moons of Saturn

The Co-Formation Theory The co-formation theory explains

the origin of the moon as an object which formed out of the initial cloud of gas and dust at the same time and roughly the same place as the Earth. As shown in this picture, while they were forming in the solar nebula, the beginning of the moons-to-be (called protomoons) drew material to themselves from the cloud of gas and dust around them. Because the proto-moon was so close to the proto-earth the gas out of which they both formed ought to be very similar, composed mostly of something which would form rock.

The co-formation theory explains why the moon appears in the location it does but it does not explain the evidence that the Earth and Moon do not appear to be made of the same stuff.

An illustration of how forming moons drew gas to themselves

Do Now1. In a lunar eclipse occurs at a ___ , where the Earth is between the ___ .2. This is where the moon moves into the darkest part of the Earth’s ___.

Sun and moon.

Full Moon

shadow

3. A solar eclipse occurs at ___ , where the moon blocks sunlight from reaching part of the Earth’s surface.

New Moon

Solar eclipse

Lunar eclipse

(A) Darken Area

(E) Round Indentions

#5, #10: Identify the phase of the moon when the Sun is shining on the right side.

X

B

C

X

E

F

X

(D)

(G)