DO NOWImagine you are eight years

old and had to work in a factory. How would your

life and your future be different?

Do you Agree or Disagree?

There are no right or wrong answers.•We no longer need to worry about labor conditions in this country.

•Children are not a factor when it comes to the rights of workers.

•Women are considered equals in the workforce.

•Organized labor helps all workers.

Do you think working conditions for children have been corrected

everywhere?

Let’s find out.

The Rise of Organized Labor New Workplace

Children at WorkHazards of Work

The Rise of Organized LaborKnights of LaborTrouble in Haymarket Square

American Federation of LaborGompers organizes union for skilled workersBecomes most powerful labor organization in the nation

Women at WorkMother Jones OrganizesOrganizing garment workersTragedy at Triangle

Hard Times for Organized LaborStrikeGovernment sides with OwnersSlow Progress

Chapter 20, Section 4 Key Questions

 

1. Which statement BEST exemplifies the impact of technology on economics in the late 1800s?

a.The tragedy at the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory led to improved worker safety laws.

b.Federal courts ruled that the Sherman Antitrust Act limited workers’ right to strike.

c.Wages for workers declined as more factories used new machines to produce goods.

d.Union membership soared after the strike against the Missouri Pacific Railroad in 1885.

 

2. Which of the following was NOT a problem that led workers to form labor organizations?

a. low wages c. unsafe working conditions

b. high unemployment rates d. use of child labor

 

3. Which of the following advances did women workers make during the late 1800s?

a.Women became the leaders of the two largest labor unions.

b.Women garment workers won better pay and shorter work hours.

c.Women organizers successfully lobbied for laws prohibiting child labor.

d.Women in all occupations won equal pay for equal work.

 

4. Which of the following lists three goals of the Knights of Labor?

a.a shorter work day, equal pay for men and women, unregulated markets

b.an end to child labor, punishment of strike breakers, unregulated markets

c.anarchists’ control of Congress, unregulated markets, a shorter work day

d.an end to child labor, equal pay for men and women, a shorter work day

 

5. Which of these resulted from the 1911 Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire?

a.Courts recognized the legal right of workers to strike.

b.Several states passed laws protecting factory workers.

c.Most women working in factories became union members.

d.Labor unions began accepting African Americans and immigrants

Samuel Gompers, letter to Judge Peter

Grosscup, September 1894

“You say that ‘labor must not attack capital.’. . . labor has no quarrel with capital, as such. It is merely the possessors of capital whorefuse to [give] labor . . . the justice which

is the laborers’ due with whom we contend. . . .” 

6. Which of these individuals is MOST likely to have disagreed with the viewpoint expressed in the quote?

a. Mary Kenney O’Sullivan c. George Pullman

b. Terence Powderly d. Mother Jones

 

7. What can you infer from the tone and content of the quotation from Samuel Gompers’s letter?

a.Samuel Gompers represented companies that sued striking workers.

b.Samuel Gompers wrote to praise Judge Grosscup for supporting striking workers.

c.Unlike many federal judges in the 1890s, Judge Grosscup was a strong union supporter.

d.Judge Grosscup ruled against the striking workers whom Samuel Gompers represented.

8. What 1894 event, which prompted the letter from which the quote is taken, dealt a serious blow to labor unions?

a.The judge sent members of the ILGWU to jail.

b.The judge ordered wage reductions for railroad workers.

c.The judge ruled that the strike by Pullman workers limited free trade

d.The judge outlawed unions in New York City’s sweatshops.

 

9. Which of the following is the BEST interpretation of this quotation?

a.Union workers will not be satisfied until they financially destroy company owners.

b.Union workers’ demands for higher wages are unrealistic.

c.Union workers should take over the factories in which they work.

d.Union workers want only the fair treatment that is their right under the law.