Do Now Agenda:

Homework:• Monday: Read and complete analysis worksheet for “A Model of Christian Charity”.• Tuesday: Read the Chesapeake/New England DBQ. Complete APPARTS for each

document on the packet.Announcements: BRING LIES ON WEDNESDAY!!!

Office Hours Thursday not Wednesday this week

1Chapter 4 Multiple Choice 2Chapter 4 Review 3Mini Lecture

+ APPARTS

• A = author• P = place and time• P = prior knowledge• A = audience• R = reason• T = the main idea• S = significance

Complete right on document – not in notebook!

Key

Term

sPuritans• Wanted to reform or “purify” the Church of England• Came to New England in family groups

• Wanted to escape political repression, religious restrictions, and an economic recession

• Leader = John Winthrop founded Massachusetts Bay• Typically lived in small villages clustered around a

community meetinghouse where the met to discuss local issues

• Community was characterized by a close relationship between church & state

• Believed in a necessity for a trained & educated ministry• Required each community of 50+ to provide teacher for

reading & writing so all could read the Bible• Founded Harvard College & Yale College to ensure

supply of ministers• Immigrated to America for religious freedom didn’t

tolerate religious dissent or diversity• Patriarchal society women & children subordinate to men

Key

Term

s“City Upon a Hill”• Wrote aboard the Arbella

gave expectations for the Massachusetts Bay colony to 700 Puritans

• John Winthrop called on the Puritans to build a model society a city on a hill

• Puritans had a powerful sense of mission to build an ideal Christian society• Created a model

Christian society w/ strict code of moral conduct banned theater, dance, Sabbath socializing, etc.

Key

Term

sPredestination• The idea that individual salvation or

damnation is determined by God at, or just prior to, a person’s birth

• Invalidated idea that salvation could be achieved through good works or faith

• These people are the “elect”

Key

Term

sHalf-Way Covenant• Half Way Covenant eased requirements for

church membership by allowing the baptism of the children of baptized but unconverted Puritans

• Converted = part of the elect

Key

Term

sAnne Hutchinson• Best known for her struggle with

the Massachusetts Bay authorities over religious doctrine and gender roles

• Challenged clerical authority and claimed to have revelations from God• Questioned established

religious doctrines and role of women

• Antinomianism reliance on the Spirit (direct relationship with God) rather than the Scripture

• Mass. Bay officials banished Hutchinson to Rhode Island b/c outraged that she claimed to have direct divine inspiration

• Later moved to NY, where she and kids killed by Nat. Americans

Key

Term

sRoger Williams• Challenged religious authority of Puritan leaders by

arguing for complete separation of church and state• Declared “forced worship stinks in God’s nostrils”

called for freedom from coercion (use of force, pressure, threats) in matters of faith

• Believed that the state was an improper and ineffectual agency in the matters of spirit

• Banished from Mass. fled to Rhode Island where he founded new colony based upon freedom of religion

Key

Term

sPennsylvania• Colony founded

by William Penn• Created an

unusually liberal colony, which included a representative assembly elected by landowners

• Granted freedom of religion

• Did not have a state supported church

Quakers: Not the chewy granola bars or oatmeal…

Key

Term

sQuakers• Pacifists (peacemakers) who refused to bear

arms• Advocated freedom of worship and accepted

a greater role for women in church services• Opposed slavery among America’s first

abolitionists• Favored good relations with Nat. Am.

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Why did Massachusetts Puritans adopt the Halfway Covenant?

• Although all colonists had to attend sermons, church membership, especially amongst men, had declined sharply

• Children of the elect were baptized, but failed to reach conversion and had kids of own All church members had to experience conversion and only the children of church members could be baptized threatened to leave the third generation without the protection of baptism.

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How did Quaker ideals shape the colony of Pennsylvania?

Quaker conception of God:• Quakers believed God spoke directly to individuals• God was equally available to all led them to reject many hierarchies,

including social rank and gender

Tolerance: • Pennsylvania attracted Quakers from across England, Wales, and Ireland,

as well as immigrants from elsewhere in Europe. • Penn established a policy of religious tolerance, allowing all Protestants

and Roman Catholics to practice in Pennsylvania without being compelled to attend Quaker worship.

• The policy of tolerance also extended to Native Americans, with whom Penn sought to deal fairly.

Law: • Penn used his power as proprietor to promote laws that enforced a vision

of morality consistent with Quaker ideals; such laws provided for severe punishment for “offenses against God” such as cursing, lying, and drunkenness.

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How did the religious dissenters who flooded into the northern colonies address the question of religious dissent in their new

homes?

Founding Puritans wanted perfect society deviance from the truth of God was a constant danger expelled and punished those they felt might lead others astray in questions of belief, such as Roger Williams, Anne Hutchinson, Thomas Hooker, Quakers, and so on.

Religious Tolerance: • Some colonies responded to the challenge of dissent by

attempting to protect the right to religious freedom• William Penn made freedom of belief and worship the first

principle of government in the colony.• Roger Williams came to believe tolerance was necessary

Implications for more pluralist colonies: • The principle of tolerance contributed to religious and cultural

diversity in the colonies where it was established, such as Pennsylvania and Rhode Island.

Do Now Agenda:

Homework:• Wednesday: Blog Post• Thursday-Sunday: Read, notes, key terms on Chapter 5Announcements: BRING LIES ON WEDNESDAY!!!

Office Hours Thursday not Wednesday this week

1Quick Chapter 4 Notes 2 3Lies My Teacher

Told Me and Poster Time

A Model of Christian Charity

Key Facts: Overview• The Puritans were primarily motivated by religion. They were Calvinists who

believed in a close relationship between church and state.• John Winthrop’s “City on a Hill” sermon expressed his belief that the Puritans had

a special pact with God to build a model Christian society.• Unlike the early Chesapeake colonies, the Puritans migrated in families and thus

did not have a shortage of women. The Puritans had a longer life expectancy than did the Chesapeake colonists.

• Roger Williams and Anne Hutchinson challenged the religious authority of the Puritan leaders. Williams advocated religious toleration and the complete separation of church and state. Hutchinson questioned the subordinate role of women and denied that only the clergy could interpret scripture.

• The Halfway Covenant responded to the decline of religious zeal among second generation Puritans by easing requirements for church membership.

• The Dutch founded New Netherland to expand their commercial network.• Pennsylvania was founded by William Penn as a refuge for Quakers. Quakers

advocated religious toleration, supported a greater role for women in public worship, refused to bear arms, and denounced slavery.

• Pennsylvania was the best advertised of all the American colonies. Its policies of religious toleration and peaceful relations with the Indians attracted a variety of ethnic and religious groups.

+ Key Facts: Pilgrims

• Separatists who wanted to sever all ties with the Church of England

• Arrived in America without a royal charter• To ensure an orderly government, 41 men signed

the “Mayflower Compact”– An agreement pledging to “combine ourselves together

into a civil body politick”– Their decision to make political decisions based upon

the will of the people established an important example for self-government in the British colonies

+Key Facts: Relationship with Native Americans

• Puritan settlers did not settle in an uninhabited wilderness 100,000+ NA live in New England

• In the beginning, NA taught Puritans how to plant corn & exchanged furs for various trinkets & manufactured goods

• Smallpox epidemics soon decimated the NA population 1675 pop fell to 10,000

• Surviving leaders realized English wanted to take land so tried to defend land– Led by Chief Metacom (King Phillip), the Indians attacked and burned

settlements across Mass– Colonists suffered great losses & killed Metacom and defeated his

followers– Son Massasoit continues poor relations

+ Key Facts: Geographic Characteristics of the Middle Colonies

• Moderate winters, fertile soil, good harbors, and a longer growing season that the New England colonies

• The Hudson, Delaware, and Susquehanna rivers enabled early settlers to tap into the lucrative (profitable) interior fur trade

+Key Facts: The Dutch and New Netherland

• The Dutch West Indian Company founded the colony of New Netherland in 1644 in order to develop a commercial network in the New World.

• Like the French, didn’t found agricultural settlements traded furs with NA avoided conflict w/ NA

• New Netherland = rich prize b/n New England to north & other English colonies to south– New Amsterdam = one of best harbors on east coast

• In 1664, King Charles II (Eng.) sent fleet of warships Dutch forced to surrender– New Amsterdam renamed New York in honor of king’s brother

+ Some more about Pennsylvania…• Penn = Penn’s “Holy Experiment”• Quakers believed that every person had an inner light and

needed only to live it to be saved all people have that light so all are equal (women, NA, all religions, vs. slavery)

• No established church Quakers didn’t have formal rituals, sacraments, music, art, etc.

• Penn paid NA for their lands & protected them from dishonest merchants

• Penn launched aggressive advertising campaign to encourage people to move to his colony

• Published pamphlets promising: fertile land, low taxes, religious freedom, & representative assembly works leads to large, diverse population = 3rd largest colony by 1700

Task

Using Chapters 3 and 4 in Lies My Teacher Told Me, create a poster that depicts the “truth” of the first encounters between Native Americans and the colonists. You should show the difference between the well-known Thanksgiving story often told in textbooks and the “real” story as portrayed in Lies My Teacher Told Me.

Components

• Your poster should have two parts:– Myths of the first Thanksgiving– Truths of the first Thanksgiving

• Your poster should be:– Detailed– Creative– Colorful– Free from grammar and punctuation mistakes– Worthy to hang on the wall!

• You should:– include pictures or cartoons with text or captions. You might want to create a

comic strip of the myths and/or the truths! – Resource and use Lies My Teacher Told Me– Work as a group, not an individual –There’s no “I” in “team”!

RubricCriteria 4 3 2 0Use of Class Time

Used time well. Focused on getting the project done. Never distracted others.

Used time well. Usually focused on getting the project done and never distracted others.

Used some of the time well. There was some focus on getting the project done but occasionally distracted others.

Did not use class time to focus on the project OR often distracted others.

Required Elements

The poster includes all required elements and is very neat and well organized.

All required elements are included on the poster.

All required elements are included on the poster, but the poster is somewhat sloppy or poorly organized.

One or more elements are missing from the poster.

Summary The poster accurately depicts and tells the myths and truths of the first Thanksgiving with detail. It is apparent that Lies My Teacher Told Me was well-resourced.

The poster accurately depicts and tells the myths and truths of the first Thanksgiving, but generally. Lies My Teacher Told Me was resourced.

The poster vaguely depicts and tells the myths and truths of the first Thanksgiving, but generally. Lies My Teacher Told Me might have been resourced.

The poster inaccurately depicts and tells the myths and truths of the first Thanksgiving or one is missing. Or, Lies My Teacher Told Me was not resourced.

Grammar and Conventions

No glaring spelling/grammar errors; near publishable quality

Very few glaring spelling/grammar errors

Several spelling/ grammar errors; does not show evidence of careful work

Number of spelling /grammar errors make poster difficult to read