Do Now

• How might someone entice someone into doing something that is wrong or not good for them?

• Let’s try it now. Take three minutes and write up a brief argument trying to convince me that you DO NOT NEED to do anymore homework this year.

Rhetorical AppealsRhetorical Appeals

The AppealsThe AppealsRhetoric is "the ability to see or identify in any given circumstance the available means of persuasion”-- Aristotle

EthosEthos

PathosPathos

LogosLogos

ETHOSETHOS

Appeal to ETHICS Appeal to ETHICS

(morals, principles, etc.)(morals, principles, etc.)

EXAMPLE: EXAMPLE:

Doing what your teachers ask you to do shows integrity, Doing what your teachers ask you to do shows integrity, even if it’even if it’s something simple like homework.s something simple like homework.

PATHOSPATHOS

Appeal to passion Appeal to passion

(stories, feelings, emotions)(stories, feelings, emotions)

Example:Example:

Don’Don’t get frustrated about homework. Even though it’s not t get frustrated about homework. Even though it’s not much fun, it’s better than feeling bored.much fun, it’s better than feeling bored.

LOGOSLOGOS

Appeal to logic Appeal to logic

(reasons, facts, statistics)(reasons, facts, statistics)

Example:Example:

You should do your homework because studies show that homework You should do your homework because studies show that homework helps you learn more and make higher scores on tests and quizzes.helps you learn more and make higher scores on tests and quizzes.

Example 1: Paradise Lost, Book IXExample 1: Paradise Lost, Book IX

O Sacred, Wise, and Wisdom-giving Plant,O Sacred, Wise, and Wisdom-giving Plant,Mother of Science, Now I feel thy Power Mother of Science, Now I feel thy Power Within me clear, not only to discernWithin me clear, not only to discernThings in their Causes, but to trace the waysThings in their Causes, but to trace the waysOf highest Agents, deemed however wise.Of highest Agents, deemed however wise.Queen of this Universe, do not believeQueen of this Universe, do not believeThose rigid threats of Death; ye shall not Die: Those rigid threats of Death; ye shall not Die: How should ye? by the Fruit? it gives you LifeHow should ye? by the Fruit? it gives you LifeTo Knowledge, . . . To Knowledge, . . .

Example 1: Paradise Lost, Book IXExample 1: Paradise Lost, Book IX

O Sacred, Wise, and Wisdom-giving Plant,O Sacred, Wise, and Wisdom-giving Plant,Mother of Science, Now I feel thy Power Mother of Science, Now I feel thy Power Within me clear, not only to discernWithin me clear, not only to discernThings in their Causes, but to trace the waysThings in their Causes, but to trace the waysOf highest Agents, deemed however wise.Of highest Agents, deemed however wise.Queen of this Universe, do not believeQueen of this Universe, do not believeThose rigid threats of Death; ye shall not Die: Those rigid threats of Death; ye shall not Die: How should ye? by the Fruit? it gives you LifeHow should ye? by the Fruit? it gives you LifeTo KnowledgeTo Knowledge, . . . , . . .

Appeal?Appeal? LogosLogos

Example 2: Paradise Lost, Book IXExample 2: Paradise Lost, Book IX

Shall that be shut to Man, which to the BeastShall that be shut to Man, which to the BeastIs open? or will God incense his ireIs open? or will God incense his ireFor such a petty Trespass, and not praiseFor such a petty Trespass, and not praiseRather your dauntless virtue, whom the painRather your dauntless virtue, whom the painOf Death denounced, whatever thing Death be,Of Death denounced, whatever thing Death be,Deterred not from achieving what might leadDeterred not from achieving what might leadTo happier life, knowledge of Good and Evil;To happier life, knowledge of Good and Evil;Of good, how just? of evil, if what is evilOf good, how just? of evil, if what is evilBe real, why not known, since easier shunned?Be real, why not known, since easier shunned?

Example 2: Paradise Lost, Book IXExample 2: Paradise Lost, Book IX

Shall that be shut to Man, which to the BeastShall that be shut to Man, which to the BeastIs open? Is open? or will God incense his ireor will God incense his ireFor such a petty Trespass, and not praiseFor such a petty Trespass, and not praiseRather your dauntless virtueRather your dauntless virtue, whom the pain, whom the painOf Death denounced, whatever thing Death be,Of Death denounced, whatever thing Death be,Deterred not from achieving what might leadDeterred not from achieving what might leadTo happier life, knowledge of Good and Evil;To happier life, knowledge of Good and Evil;Of good, how just? of evil, if what is evilOf good, how just? of evil, if what is evilBe real, why not known, since easier shunned?Be real, why not known, since easier shunned?

Appeal?Appeal? EthosEthos

Example 3: Paradise Lost, Book IXExample 3: Paradise Lost, Book IX

Why then was this forbid? Why but to awe,Why then was this forbid? Why but to awe,Why but to keep ye low and ignorant,Why but to keep ye low and ignorant,His worshippers; he knows that in the dayHis worshippers; he knows that in the dayYe Eat thereof, your Eyes that seem so clear,Ye Eat thereof, your Eyes that seem so clear,Yet are but dim, shall perfectly be thenYet are but dim, shall perfectly be thenOpened and cleared, and ye shall be as Gods,Opened and cleared, and ye shall be as Gods,Knowing both Good and Evil as they know.Knowing both Good and Evil as they know.

Example 3: Paradise Lost, Book IXExample 3: Paradise Lost, Book IX

Why then was this forbid? Why but to awe,Why then was this forbid? Why but to awe,Why but to keep ye low and ignorant,Why but to keep ye low and ignorant,His worshippersHis worshippers; he knows that in the day; he knows that in the dayYe Eat thereof, your Eyes that seem so clear,Ye Eat thereof, your Eyes that seem so clear,Yet are but dim, shall perfectly be thenYet are but dim, shall perfectly be thenOpened and cleared, and ye shall be as Gods,Opened and cleared, and ye shall be as Gods,Knowing both Good and Evil as they know.Knowing both Good and Evil as they know.

Appeal?Appeal?

Ethos, Pathos, Ethos, Pathos, & Logos& Logos

Macbeth Rhetorical Appeals Chart

• Create a chart in the Notes section of your Writer’s Notebook on the landscape view.

• 3 columns: • Ethos examples• Pathos examples• Logos examples

• Find at least three examples of each appeal in EACH ACT of the play. Write the Act.scene #.line number(s). for each • (I.i.96-97)

• Briefly explain the purpose or the effect of each appeal.