DNA Testing for Personal Identification

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FORENSIC AND MEDICOLEGAL DEPARTMENT

FACULTY OF MEDICINE DIPONEGORO UNIVERSITY

RSUP DR. KARIADI SEMARANGPeriod 23 September 19 Oktober 2013

Mentor: dr. Gatot Suharto, SH, SpF, MKes, DFM

Fasillitator: dr. Donald Rinaldi K.


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Dika Gita Pratama 22010112210012 FK UNDIP

Gita Soraya 22010112210026 FK UNDIPUntari K. 0861050131 FK UKI

Nurul Charla H. 0861050134 FK UKIAaron Y Tehupuring 0961050104 FK UKI

Aldo I. R. Sitanggang 0961050112 FK UKI


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DNA

PersonalIdentification
http://www.google.co.id/imgres?imgurl=http://www.clker.com/cliparts/6/4/7/7/1197106712447482105johnny_automatic_walking.svg.hi.png&imgrefurl=http://www.clker.com/clipart-14727.html&usg=__dE6HqDio0ZunpstXTZ-0R7S2dvA=&h=254&w=600&sz=27&hl=id&start=15&sig2=knv66vJ95adBzP9edL1CYg&zoom=1&tbnid=nusd6ns-vttH5M:&tbnh=57&tbnw=135&ei=fHRJUo6lBInmrAernIGgCQ&itbs=1&sa=X&ved=0CEYQrQMwDg


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General Aim

Knowing the function of DNA examination forpersonal identification

Spesific Aim

Definition and classification of personalidentification

Definition, structure, and DNA testingtechniques

The benefits, procedure as well as theapplication of DNA testing in theidentification of personal


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FORENSIC

IDENTIFICATION

is an attempt to determine theidentity of a person for the benefitof forensic, which the interests of

justice

PERSONAL

IDENTIFICATION

One of efforts of the individualdifferences with other individuals

or attempt to determine ownership

of body parts, body fluids or otherbody parts are still good either

been damaged or that have beendestroyed even though the owner


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Whole medicolegalcasses

suspect of muderer

Suspect of rapist

Child identification

Missing kids

Person

Blasting

Burning

Train and airplanesaccident

Flood

Mortality case

Corpse


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Conventional

Fingerprint examination

Visual Method

Document examination

Clothes and jewelry watching

Medical examination

Dental examination

SerologyExclusion

Mutilating identification

Skeletal examination

Modern- Molecular Forensic (DNA Testing)


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DNA is the genetic material that carriesinformation that can be derived.

DNA that usually use are c-DNA and mt-DNA. The most accurate DNA sample is c-DNA


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3 main components : Fosfat chains

deoxyribose Nitrogen base :

adenin (A),

Guanin (G)

Sitosin (C)

Timin (T).
http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polimerhttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polimer


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Movement of DNA to the positivepool when it puts on electric field

GelElectrophoresis

Quick method for DNA duplication

PolymeraseChain Reaction(PCR)

Standart technique to analyze andseparate DNA fragment thenduplicate it

CapillaryElectrophoresis(CE)


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RFLP (Restriction Fragment Lenght Polymorphisms)

Short Tandem Repeats(STR)

Pentanucleotide repeats

Genetic markers based on repetitive sequences


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SNP (Single nucleotidepolymorphisms)

HLA-DQA1

Polymarker (PM)


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Mitochondrial

DNA (mtDNA)

Y ChromosomeMarkers


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mt-DNA is another choiceto examine the DNAsample that cantdetermine by RFLP or STR

Every mothers have theirown mt-DNA

This examination confirma relation between motherand descent.

Y chromosome passed onfrom father to all his sonsso that the DNA on the Ychromosome can be usedto find the descendants ofthe male and is usually

used for cases of sexualcrimes

This examination candetect man profile whenwomen profile had clearwith STRs

Y-SHORT TANDEM REPEATS(Y-STRS)DNA MITOKONDRIA


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Is a result from PCR

application

Its shows the

differences of

pattern each

individual

Probability of error isminimum

The accuracy almost100%

Time-consuming

expensive


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(+) (-)


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To identificate suspect

To determine the criminalitynetwork

its used as secondary evidenceneeds other evidence to support


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There are so many technique for DNAidentification. Every technique has their own

advantages and disadvantages. The techniqueare depends on many factors, example cost,sample, etc. Then finally the result of the

identification can determine the identity of aperson, body parts and body fluids which theinterests of court.


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Definition RFLP is a DNA

polymorphism that occurs

due to variation in thelength of DNA fragmentsafter cut with a specific

restriction enzyme.

Techniques


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This method uses a short marker, repeat pattern

alleles at mikrovarian segment between 3-7 basepairs.

Advantages : damaged samples, limited sample,etc.

Limitation : relatively expensive and limitedPossibility for DNA contamination

DNA Testing for Personal Identification

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