DNA and Biotechnology
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Transcript of DNA and Biotechnology
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DNA AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/genome/program.html
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Terminology
recombinant DNA – fragment of DNA composed of sequences originating from at least two different sources
genetic transformation - introduction and expression of foreign DNA in a living organism
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Restriction Enzymes “molecular scizzors”
Usually palindromic (reads the same forwards as backwards) Or the same 5’ to 3’
Sticky Ends
Sticky Ends
Sticky Ends
Blunt Ends
Blunt Ends
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Restriction Enzymes “molecular scizzors”
Combine DNA samples with restriction enzyme
Restriction enzyme binds to DNA sample DNA is “cut” Combine DNA of interest Add DNA ligase RESULT: recombinant DNA
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Transformation
Transgenic - a cell or an organism that is transformed by DNA from another species (foreign DNA in its genome)
Plasmid - a small double-stranded circular DNA molecule found in some bacteria
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Transformation – Transgenic Bacteria
1. Plasmid2. Add restriction enzyme
(endonuclease)3. Add gene4. Add DNA ligase
(recombinant DNA)5. Add plasmid to bacteria6. EXPRESSION OF GENE