DME: Clean Diesel from Natural Gas
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Transcript of DME: Clean Diesel from Natural Gas
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DME: Clean Diesel from Natural Gas
Why DME?
• Thermal efficiency equivalent to diesel fuel• Ignition characteristics equivalent to diesel fuel• High cetane rating :55 – 60 vs. 40-45 for petroleum-derived
diesel)• Low boiling point provides fast fuel/air mixing, reduced
ignition delay, and excellent cold starting properties• Easy to store and distribute (87 psi vs. 300 psi for
CNG or cryogenic storage for LNG)• Higher energy yield than FT diesel
Syngas to Methanol
Process Flow Diagram for DME Production
Team Mentor: Bill Keesom Team members: Alex Magarychev, John Elzaibak, Kamal Tbakhi, Roy Kim
Environmental Impact
• Clean production process• Ultra low exhaust emissions• No particulate matter (very low NOx, no SOx)• Low CO2 emissions• Low engine noise• High fuel economy• Diesel engines running on 100% DME have demonstrated
smoke free combustion
DME Safety
• Used for decades in the personal care industry • DME is non-carcinogenic, non-mutagenic and
virtually non-toxic.• Like other fuels, DME is highly flammable but has
proven to be extremely safe when handled properly.
Dimethyl Ether (DME) Properties
Block Flow Diagram for DME Production
Economics
DME Benefits Process Reactions
(1) 2H2 + CO CH3OH
(2) 3H2 + CO2 CH3OH + H2O
(3) 2CH3OH C2H6O + H2O
Opportunity for Natural Gas
1. Decoupling of Natural Gas and Oil prices2. Natural Gas as potential transport fuel3. What form to distribute?
• CNG ( 300 psi)• LNG (Cryogenic )• Fisher-Tropsch Diesel• DME ( 87 psi )
4. DME is easier to handle
Molecular formula C2H6OMolar mass 46.1 lb/moleAppearance Colorless gas
Density 0.120 lb/ft^3Boiling point -11 °F
Methanol to DME
H-106
H-104
H-102
500 F938 psia
140 F29 psia
708 F141 psia
500 F29 psia
482 F145 psia
149 F150 psia
148 F14.5 psia
158 F22 psia
500 F938 psia
528 F870 psia
77 F15 psia
220 F319 psia
158 F319 psia
286 F943 psia
H-101
H-103
158 F319 psia
2
Cooling Water
Process Steam
3
4
CW PS
MethanolReactor
SyngasFeed
1MSC
6
8
7
9
D-101
C-104C-104
MSC
WasteTreatment
H-105AP-102
1817
16
D-103D-102
H-107V-102
5 140 F315 psia
15
229 F319 psia 14
228 F30 psia13
228 F20 psia 12
228 F20 psia
11
196 F26 psia
10
133 F26 psia 24
209 F30.5 psia
23
269 F87 psia 22
78 F87 psia
25
158 F97 psia 21
708 F102 psia
20
19
DME
Methanol Unit
DMEUnit
Methanol
DMEReactor
Total Installed Cost $80,000,000.00
Salaries and Fringes $2,335,200.00
Revenues $87,062,850.00
Simple Payback (years) 0.9