Division Chief, BioProcess Engineering Division PHilMech · 68 out of 79 provinces are coconut...

Ofero A. Caparino, Ph.D.Division Chief, BioProcess Engineering DivisionPHilMech

Philippine Center for Postharvest Development and MechanizationCLSU CompoundScience City of MunozNueva EcijaTel: 044-4560-213

68 out of 79 provinces are coconut areas

340 M bearing trees

15.31 B nuts/year

3.61 B nuts

2.7 B nuts

Reference: PCA, 2013)

8.92 B nuts

‐ 2,000,000 4,000,000 6,000,000 8,000,000

10,000,000 12,000,000 14,000,000 16,000,000 18,000,000 20,000,000

WORLD TOP TEN COCONUT PRODUCERS (FAOSTAT, 2013)

15.31 B nuts/year (Average 2007-2011)

R&D, PRODUCTION RESOURCES

Nursery/Seed Gardens

Farmers/Planting

FertilizationPest

Management

Harvest

MEAT KERNEL

HUSK

SAP

COCONUT WATER

SHELL

WOOD

LEAVES, LEAF SHEATHS, STIPULES

INFLORESCENCE

OILMILLS

PROCESSING MACHINERY

BEATING MACHINE, DECORTICATOR, BALER, 1‐ & 2‐PLY ROPE TWINER, DOORMAT EQUIPMENT

LATHE, CUTTER, POLISHER,

HANDICRAFT MACHINERY

WOOD, LUMBER

OIL

COPRA MEAL

FIBER

COIR DUST

TODDY

CHARCOAL

FORMED PRODUCTS

WOOD, LUMBER

COCONUT WATER

COOKING OILSOAPS

DETERGENTS

LIVESTOCK FEEDS

ROPES, GEOTEXTILES DOORMATS, BASKETS

ORGANIC FERTILIZERROOTING MEDIA

HORTICULTURE POTSJAGGERY, COCONECTAR, COCOSUGAR, LUMBANOG

WINE, VINEGAR

JUICE, VINEGAR, NATA DE COCO, WINE

ACTIVATED CHARCOAL

FASHION ACCESSORIES, BELTS, BUTTONS, HANDICRAFTS

HANDICRAFTS, FURNITURES

HATS, SLIPPERS, BASKETS, BAGS, HANDICRAFTS

FRUIT TRAYS, PICTURE FRAMES, PLACE MATS,

BLINDS, ARTIFICIAL FLOWERS

DOMESTIC AND EXPORT MARKETS

COCONUT PARTS

MACHINERY, EQUIPMENT for

PROJECT

PRIMARY PRODUCT

VALUE‐ADDED PRODUCTS

MARKET SALES INCOME

PRODUCTION INPUTS

Flowchart of Supply and Value of Coconut and Coconut Products in the Philippines , Coconut industry strategic plan for Philippine Agriculture 2010

Coconut Water

…creating new demands in the

emerging markets worldwide

Sources of cocowater – Large desiccated coconut processing plants

Use for intravenous hydration of patients in remote areas(Campbell‐Falck et al.,2000).

Has been used as alternative fluid for emergency bloodplasma transmission to wounded soldiers without allergenicreactions (FAO, 2005).

Acclaimed as a natural contender in the sports drink marketbecause of its desirable taste and aroma, nutritional andfunctional characteristics that normally present in sportsdrinks (FAO, 2005).

It has large amount of electrolytes, which believed to be animportant alternative solution for oral rehydration (Sena etal, 20012)

Some health benefits of coconut water

Intravenous hydration of patients (Campbell‐Falck et al.,2000).

Alternative fluid for emergency bloodplasma transmission (FAO, 2005).

Natural contender in the sports drink market(FAO, 2005).

Large amount of electrolytes (Sena et al,20012)

Some health benefits of coconut water

Coconut water has five electrolytes that human body needs (FAO, 2010)

Potassium The most important positive ion (cation) inside the cells; regulates heartbeat and muscle function; coconut water contains 203‐256 mg, which is 15 times the amount in the average sports drink

Sodium The most important positive ion in fluid outside the cells, and also the one most depleted with exercise, as one lose sodium through sweat and urine.

Magnesium Important for maintaining the electrical potential of body cells, proper muscle function, and preventing calcium overload

Phosphorous Plays important roles in bone health, and in transferring energy throughout your body, helping your muscles contract, and regulating nerve function (partners with calcium)

Calcium Important for bone health (partners with phosphorous)

Presentation Copyright by PHilMech

Components Young Mature

Inorganic ions

Calcium (Ca), mg/100g 27.35 31.64

Magnesium (Mg) , mg/100g 6.40 9.44

Phosphorous (P) , mg/100g 4.66 12.77

Potassium (K) , mg/100g 203.70 257.52

Sodium, Na, mg/100g 1.75 16.10

Chemical composition of young and mature coconut water

HOW MUCH potential volume of coconut water from mature coconut left unutilized during processing (e.g. copra and Virgin Coconut Oil, desiccated coconut, etc ) ?

Harvesting Dehusking Splitting/cracking Drying

Scooping dried coconut Copra product

Copra processingUnutilized

coconut water

Whole nut

Deshelled coconut meat

Coc

o sh

ell

Ground coconut meat

Coconut milk

Skim

med

co

conu

t milk

Virg

in

coco

nut o

il

Coconut flour

Processing of VCO, coconut flour and skimmed milk

Unutilized coconut water

Whole nut

Bro

ken

shel

ls

Deshelled coconut meat

Pared coconut meat

Pairi

ngs

Ground coconut meat

Coconut milk

Skim

med

co

conu

t milk

Virg

in

coco

nut o

il

Coconut flour

Processing of VCO, coconut flour and skimmed milk

Unutilized coconut water

2.4 Billion liters / year ( potential volume of coconut water from matured coconut left unutilized during copra processing…)

Total production in 2012 (FAO, 2013)

= 15 Billion nuts per year

Estimated Damaged due to calamaties(30M trees x 100

nuts/yr)


Estimated prod (2014 ‐2020)


Assuming 80% for copra processing

= 9.6 Billion nuts per year

Available water from matured coconut, 0.25

kg water /kg nut or 0.25 L water /kg nut

(Aragao, 2000)

= 2.4 Billion Liters / year

COCONUT PRODUCTION BY REGION (PNS, 2016)

0

500,000

1,000,000

1,500,000

2,000,000

2,500,000

3,000,000

CAR

ILOCO

S RE

GION

CAGAY

AN VAL

LEY

CENTR

AL LUZO

N

CALA

BARZ

ON

MIM

AROPA

BICO

L RE

GION

WESTERN

VISAY

AS

CENTR

AL VISAY

AS

EASTER

N VISAY

AS

ZAMBO

ANGA PE

NINSU

LA

NORT

HERN

MINDA

NAO

DAVA

O REG

ION

SOCC

SKSA

RGEN

CARA

GA

ARMM

Prod

uctio

n, M

T

MEMBERS OF ASSOCIATION OF PHILIPPINE COCONUT DESICCATORS (APCD)(UCAP, 2016)

0

500,000

1,000,000

1,500,000

2,000,000

2,500,000

3,000,000

CAR

ILOCO

S RE

GION

CAGAY

AN VAL

LEY

CENTR

AL LUZO

N

CALA

BARZ

ON

MIM

AROPA

BICO

L RE

GION

WESTERN

VISAY

AS

CENTR

AL VISAY

AS

EASTER

N VISAY

AS

ZAMBO

ANGA PE

NINSU

LA

NORT

HERN

MINDA

NAO

DAVA

O REG

ION

SOCC

SKSA

RGEN

CARA

GA

ARMM

Prod

uctio

n, M

T1 Franklin Baker2. Peter Paul3. Pacific Royal4. Atson COCO5. Fresh Fruits Ingredient6. Primex COCO Products7. Superstar Coconut Products

1 Franklin Baker or Peter Paul? (Palawan)

1. Pater Paul (Sorsogon) 1 Franklin Baker

1. Roxas Sigma Agriventures (North cot)2. Century Canning (GenSan)

Dehusked coconut

Nut inspection and counting

Concentration

Concentrated coconut water

Keep at -16oC

Filtered coconut water

(Single strength)

Sterilization(done by toll processors)

Sterilized coconut water

Aseptic packagingin food- grade

barrel

Filtered coconut water

(Single strength)

General Process Flow of an Integrated Coconut Processing Facility

Nut boring

Export /domestic

consumption

Grits

Drying

Size reduction

Coco Flour

Pared/white coconut meat

Dehydration

Packaging

Deshelling

Dessicated Coconut

Grinding/ Shreding

Milk extraction

Coconut Milk

VCO extraction and purification (Wet Process)

VCO Skimmed Cocomilk

Pairings Feeds

Coconut shell

Empty nut


Un‐utilized coconut water

Research Challenge ?

100% Pure ?NO Preservatives ?NO Additives ?

Techno

logy In

terven

tions

Positive displacement Pump

Coconut water

Heating Pre-Cooling

Chilled Coconut Water

Chilling

Conceptual design of a continuous flow pasteurizer‐chiller

Stored for 4 weeks under

chilled condition

(4⁰C±2⁰C)

Fresh coconut water Heating Cooling Storage

Laboratory pasteurization of coconut water

Establishment of PHilMech Village Level Coconut Water

Processing System

The technology was granted patent (Utility Model) to PHilMechby Intellectual Property Office of the Philippines (IPOPHL) on November 11, 2015, with Registration No. 2‐2015‐000266.

The village level processing system can be installed in an area of about200 m2. The system contains basic processing equipment as illustrated,including, washing bins (a), coconut cage (b), extractor (c), pasteurizer ‐chiller, and (d) filling & capping machines (e). The plant includes smalllaboratory for quality analyses and a dry room for supplies andmaterials. The assumed useful life of the machines is 10 years.

Components of the PHilMech Village Level Coconut Water Processing System

Experimental set up for the production of bottled coconut water

Pasteurizer‐chiller

Extractor

Cage

Distilled water

Chlorinated water

Tap water

Pre‐cleaned coconut

Performance testing in the production of bottled coconut water using the developed continuous‐flow pasteurizer‐chiler.

The village level coconut water processing plant located in Pili, Cam Sur

Harvesting De-husking Pre-cleaning Washing Extracting

100%Pure cocowater, no additives or preservatives

Filling Capping Storage under chilled conditionPasteurizing-chilling

Actual processing of bottled coconut water following the PHilmechestablished processing procedures and protocols.

Actual processing...

Total count of coconut water pasteurized at 70 ⁰C , 80 ⁰C & 90 ⁰C and stored for 4 weeks at chilled condition (4±2 ⁰C ) and ambient Condition (28±2⁰C)

Mold Counts of coconut water pasteurized at 70 ⁰C , 80 ⁰C & 90 ⁰C and stored for 4 weeks at chilled condition (4±2 ⁰C ) and ambient Condition (28±2⁰C)


Sensory evaluation of pasteurized coconut water vs. commercial cocowater

Sensory evaluation of pasteurized coconut water vs. commercial cocowater (n‐100)

PHilMech CCW Brand A Brand B Brand C

Commercial Coconut Water

Product Characteristics

ParametersPHilMech CCW

[350ml]Brand A [240ml] Brand B [330ml]

Brand C [250ml]

Product CharacteristicsPreservation technique Pasteurization Sterilization Sterilization Flash Pasteurization

SugarsNo sugar added Cane Sugar Cane Sugar No sugar added

Preservative No preservativeSodium Metabisulfite

Sodium Metabisulfite

No preservative

Raw Material/Source Pure CCW (mature)Concentrated CCW (Reconstituted)

Concentrated CCW(Reconstituted)

Pure CCW (young)

Packaging Clear PET bottleAluminized coated carboards ‐

‐

Nutritional Facts

ParametersPHilMech CCW

[350ml]Brand A [240ml] Brand B [330ml]

Brand C [250ml]

Total Carbohydrates, g 6 (0.01/mL) 12 (0.05/mL) 17 (0.05/mL) 10 (0.04/mL)Calories, kcal 40 (0.11/mL) 50 (0.22/mL) 70 (0.21/mL) 50 (0.20/mL)Crude Protein, g 0 0 0 0Ash, g 0.39 ‐ ‐ ‐Total Fat, g 1.0 0 0 0Total Sugars, g 7 (0.02/mL) 8(0.03/mL) 11(0.03/mL) 10(0.04/mL)Dietary Fiber, g 0 0 0 0Sodium, mg 95 (0.27/mL) 110 (0.46/mL) 150 (0.45/mL) 50 (0.2/mL)Potassium, mg 500 (1.43/mL) 325 (1.35/mL) 447 (1.35/mL) 480 (1.92/mL)Magnesium, mg 8 (0.2/mL) 22 (0.09/mL) 31 (0.09/mL) ‐Calcium, mg ‐ ‐ 52 ‐Iron, mg ‐ ‐ 1 ‐

Sensory evaluation

0 13 4

10

30

2118

13

42

12

17 17 18 19

9

231

4

10

15

2725

13

2

84

12

2724

139

30

1. dislikeextremely

2 3 4 5. neitherlike nordislike

6 7 8 9. likeextremely

PHilMech CCW Brand A Brand B Brand C

Overall liking scores for PHilMech Cocowater and other commercial/popular brands

(n‐100)

Degree of liking on specific attributes for coconut water

Taste

Aroma

Sweetness

Turbidity

Thickness

After‐taste

Coco fresh Tropicana Nyogi PrototypeBrand A Brand B Brand C PHilMech CCW

Sensory evaluation(n‐100)


INITIAL RESULTS OF MARKET AND PROFITABILITY STUDY IN CAMARINES SUR

Conducted by Central Bicol State University of Agriculture (CBSUA) Team, 2016


Target Market Profile (CBSUA, 2015)

Students Not allowed to leave the school premises during class hours and will have no

choice but to buy from among the limited choices being offered by the school canteen/cafeteria)

principal aim is to consume the beverage for refreshment

Health‐conscious beverage consumers These two market segments would look for a functional drink that would either

give them a replenished energy effect or an added nutritional benefit to their diets.

Millenials and young generation‐ mixture of young professionals and college students who are generally

confident, connected and open to change. Dubbed as the digital natives‐ Philippines, there about 27 million people who falls under this segment (CISCO,

a worldwide leader in IT) ‐ Millenials were represented by the college students evenly distributed from

private and public universities.

Athletes and Sports Enthusiasts

Sensitivity Analysis

Scenario 1: Production of 1,500 bottles daily

PRICE Php 18 Php 19 Php 20

NPV (933,515.45) 191,447.45 1,316,410.34

BCR 0.81 1.03 1.26

IRR 5% 17% 28%

Financial analysis in producing coconut water beverage as an enterprise (CBSUA, 2015)


NPV (997,169.60) 127,793.30 1,252,756.19

BCR 0.80 1.03 1.25

IRR 4% 16% 27%





NPV (810,369.50) 314,593.39 1439,556.28

BCR 0.84 1.06 1.29

IRR 6% 18% 29%




Inauguration – Village Level Cocowater processing project

1st World Bank Review Mission to PRDP South Luzon Cluster

World Bank officials: Coco water project a very good achievementWorld Bank technical experts, headed by Carolina V. Figueroa‐

Geron expressed their appreciation of the Coco Water Processing Technology Pilot Testing and Business Incubation Project which will pilot test the technology developed by PHilMech.

Source: http://www.daprdp.net

Pilot Testing of Village Level Coconut Water Processing System

Funding:BAR, PHilMechCocolife MPC

General Objective:

To pilot test the PHilMech developed village level coconut water processing system integrated to a copra and VCO processing level of operations.

Specific Objectives:

1. To establish a village level coconut water processing center integrated to a copra and VCO processing operations;

2. To establish the profitability of a PHilMechvillage level cocowater processing system enterprise integrated to the existing copra and VCO coconut processing system;

3. To determine the potential market of cocowater product derived from the village level processing system enterprise;

Specific Objectives:

4. To determine the factors affecting the adoption of the PHilMech village level cocowater processing system integrated to an existing copra and VCO coconut processing system; and

5. To develop the entrepreneurial skills in management of the farmers cooperative in the village level enterprise.

RECEIVINGPRE‐CLEANING/

SHAVING

WASHING & SANITATION

EXTR

ACTION

PASTEU

RIZA

TION LABORATORY

FILLING/

PACK

AGING

COCOWATERSTORAGE

SPLITTING

GRA

TING

COCO

MILK

EXTR

ACTION

CREA

M

SEPA

RATION

FERM

ENTA

TION

FILTRATION/FILLING/LABELING

SERVICE AREA

VCO

STOR

AGE

MINI CONFERENCE

ROOMOFFICE

RECEPTION AREA

PRODUCT DISPLAY

Main products

Expected Outcome of the project

Empower the coconut farmers by engaging them in appropriate operation and management of the developed technology and increase their income.

For further details, please contact:

DR. DIONISIO G. ALVINDIAOIC Executive DirectorPHilMechScience City of Munoz, Nueva Ecija

Attention:

OFERO A. CAPARIÑO, Ph.D.Division ChiefBioProcess Engineering DivisionPHilMechScience City of Munoz, Nueva EcijaTel.: (044) 4560213 Local 421Suncell : 0932‐8616958Globe : 0917‐8115516Email: [email protected]


Philippine Center for Postharvest Development and Mechanization (PHilMech)

Infomercial

Philippine Rural Development Program (World Bank funded project)‐Department of Agriculture

Department of Agriculture–Regional Field Office 5 Central Bicol State University of Agriculture (CBSUA) Provincial Local Government Unit (PLGU)‐Camarines Sur HDM Technologies GMCC Rollmaster

Division Chief, BioProcess Engineering Division PHilMech · 68 out of 79 provinces are coconut...

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