Diversity of Organisms and Classification

Classification of Organisms

Kingdom

Phylum / Division

Class

Order

Family

Genus

Species

Why is the pyramid inverted?

Species

The smallest group of organisms classified which can interbreed with each other to produce fertile offspring

Scientific name : unique to all organisms e.g. scientific name of: human = Homo sapien Sugar maple = _______________ (?) Red maple = _______________ (?) Striped maple = _______________ (?)

Six Kingdom System

Protists Fungi Animals Plants Archaebacteria Eubacteria

All are made of cells

Membrane Organelles “tiny organs” DNA ( in or not in a nucleus)

A cell with a nucleus

A cell without a nucleus

All contain DNA

Multicellular tissue

Protists

Unicellular; microscopic Nucleus present Nucleus= “the Brain” of the cell; controls cell’s actions Autotrophic (self-feeder, makes food by

photosynthesis) or… Heterotrophic (other-feeder)

Fungi Have nuclei Made up of hyphae

– Stringy threads of cells No root, stem and leaf Saprophytic or parasitic

– Saprophytic: feed on dead substances

– Parasitic: obtain nutrients from living organisms

Animals

Have nuclei Multi-cellular Divided into two groups according to the

presence or absence of backbone:– Invertebrates : without backbone– Vertebrates : with backbone

– (Phylum Chordata)

Plants Have nuclei Multicellular perform photosynthesis

– Autotrophic – make own food Can be divided into two groups:

– Non-flowering plants– Flowering plants

Eubacteria

Unicellular, microscopic

No nucleus Saprophytic or

parasitic– Saprophytic:

feed on dead substances

– Parasitic: obtain nutrients from living organisms

Archaebacteria

“Ancient” bacteria

Unicellular, microscopic

No nucleus Heterotrophic

(other feeder, or …

Autotrophic (self-feeder)