Displace/Non-place: 6th Year Semester Two Portfolio
13
May Tsang SEMESTER 2 dis PLACE Non-Place SITE Analysis 01 EXISTING PLANS 1:1000 EXISTING ELEVATIONS 1:500 SILOS DI GENOVA NORTH Elevation SOUTH Elevation Basement Ground Floor 1 st Floor 2 nd Floor 3 rd Floor 4 th Floor 5 th Floor 8 th Floor 7 th Floor 6 th Floor EAST Elevation WEST Elevation PORT History GENOA, one of the regional capitals of Italy, is an industrial town and a great port. Located on the extreme north- western ridge of the Mediterranean basin, Genoa is the natural access to the sea for a large and economically developed hinterland, that includes the metropolitan areas of Milan and Turin, Switzerland and south- western Germany. Genoa is considered a long lasting example of a port city: > It is a representative type of a city whose morphology and economy are strictly connected to the presence of a port and the way it works. > The city has maintained its basic function, being a place for maritime trade modifying many times its physical structure and its social and political organisation in order to match temporal opportunities. Based on the history of Genoa, the port city has proved to be very adaptive, being able to survive for many centuries. 934 1861 209 B.C. 773 6 th Century 10th Century 1349 15 th Century 16 th Century 18 th Century 20 th Century 13 th Century 14 th Century 1528 1684 7 th Century 5 th Century Being allied with Rome during the Second Punic War, the Carthaginians destroyed the city. The Port was rebuilt, and it won municipal status after the end of the Carthaginian Wars. It was a castrum, or fortified Roman town, with busy trade in skins, wood, and honey that were transported to mainland cities. When the Frank Empire conquered the Lombards, the Port became part of that kingdom under the rule of Ademarus, the first Carolingian count of Genoa. The city’s walls were rebuilt during this period. The Port’s development and growth was intimately connected to maritime trade and traffic in these ancient days. Cultures with languages other than Ligurian established settlements on Castle Hill to operate manage their sea- borne trade. During this era, the Port was little more than a small sheltered Bay. The Port became one of several independent city-states in Italy, a “Maritime Republic” like Venice and Pisa. The ports trade, ship-building, and banking activities gave it one of the biggest and most powerful navies in the Mediterranean region. Merchant families in the Port of Genoa struggled for domination. After the plague subsided, the Port adopted the Venetian model of government and was presided over by the doge. The period was also the time of continuous wars against Venice. The French dominated the Port of Genoa. After that, the Visconti of Milan ruled the city. Genoa lost Corsica when it revolted. It lost its colonies in the Middle East to the Ottoman Empire and Arab powers, and it lost Sardinia to the Kingdom of Aragon. The city underwent an era of economic recovery, bringing new fortunes to many Port of Genoa families. The Port reached a new peak and it was a magnet for many world- famous artists and architects. With the introduction of trade routes to the New World and away from the Mediterranean region, the Port’s fortunes began to decline. At the end of the 18th Century, Napoleon made the Port of Genoa a French protectorate, calling it the Ligurian Republic. France then annexed the new republic in 1805. When international trade began to decline in the 20th Century, the Port of Genoa enjoyed increasing trade to and from northern Italy. During the beginning of the twentieth century, Sampierdarena was proudly called the “Italian Manchester” as a great industrial development had deeply influenced the social and economic structure. The several centuries that followed made the city lose its power becoming only a small and unimportant city. Nevertheless, Genoa continued to build its merchent fleet slowly and became the leading commercial carrier of the Mediterranean Sea. The Port of Genoa reached its political peak when it won the naval Battle of Meloria in 1284 over the Duchy of Pisa and when it defeated Venice in 1298. The Black Death brought an end to the Republic’s golden age when the disease arrived in Europe from the Genoese trading post at Theodosia in the Crimea. The Port of Genoa suffered a near-total population and economic collapse. In 1528, Andrea Doria instituted a new constitution for the Port of Genoa that brought it under the control of the Spanish Empire. In 1684, the French bombarded the Port, and Austria occupied the city in 1746. In 1768, the city had to turn Corsica over to the French. Italy’s unification in 1861 increased the Port of Genoa’s influence, and it was Italy’s most important commercial port, competing with Marseille for Mediterranean trade. It also completed with ports in the North Sea for trade with Switzerland and inland central Europe. The Germanic Lombards ruled the Port, and they destroyed the city’s Roman walls. Town was occupated by the Greeks but its fine harbour was in use much earlier perhaps by the Etruscan. PORT Problems NATURAL Resources TRANSPORT Infrastructure ISOLATION PROSTITUTION Italy has few natural resources. With much land unsuited for farming, Italy is a net food importer. There are no substantial deposits of iron, coal, or oil. Proven natural gas reserves, mainly in the Po Valley and offshore in the Adriatic, constitute the country’s most important mineral resource. Most raw materials needed for manufacturing and more than 80% of the country’s energy sources are imported. Linguria has no natural lakes except for a few glacial ones; the reasonably abundant water simply fall downwards too quickly. Consequently malaria was not a local problem. The main rivers of the region, the Roia in the extreme west and the Entella, which enters the sea at Chiavari are small because of limited, vertical water shed. The most sizable river in the area, the Trebbia, heads northeast for the Po. All these natural advantages, however, existed alongside some major problems, mostly concerning the lack of natural resources in Linguria. Linguria had no mineral resources worth tapping, and it mountainous and coastal soils are generally poor and shallow. There was a fair amount and mix of timbers but no real rivers existed to transport the logs to the coast. Hence shipbuilding in Linguria would always be spread out in dozens of coves close to local supplies of good wood. When it was possible to bring wood by sea to Genoa, shipwrights worked there, but more typically the entrepreneurs in the business also constructed ships up and down the coast. Today the identification between the city and port seems to be no longer effective. Ports are now highly specialised and mechanised tools for moving goods and passengers. They work as gears of a mechanism that connects sea routes and land transport networks and must improve efficiency diminishing frictions; so they tend to be enclosed non-places, physically isolated form the urban fabric and not permeable to the local flows. Prostitution is not illegal in Italy, but the northwestern port city of Genoa has had an alarming increase in the number and audacity of the prostitutes, especially on the outskirts of the city. The local council wants to ban them from public places, claiming the women wear indecent garments and aggressively tout for customers. According to the ordnance signed by the city’s mayor, Marta Vincenzi, prostitutes plying their trade on Genoa’s streets will be forbidden from “offering sexual services in a direct unequivocal way”. Many of Genoa’s prostitutes are offended by the ordnance because they consider themselves respectable members of the community. Although prostitution is legal in Italy, profiting from the sex trade is illegal, so there are no brothels and most prostitutes are forced to work on the street. Brothels were legal in Italy until 1959, when they were banned under legislation known as the Merlin Law. Some Italian politicians, mainly conservative ones, would like to re-introduce brothels and limit prostitution to these locations. RIGHI S. Simone Pino Campi Trensasco Poggino Cappuccio S.Antonino S.Pantaleo SS35 Madonnetta Carbonara Darsena Principe Dinegro San Giorgio Caricamento S. Nicolo Preve Cristoforo Colombo Airport Terminal Fiera Internazionale ZECCA DE FERRARI BRIN GRANAROLO RIVAROLO BOLZANETO PONTEDECIMO BORZOLI GRANARA ACQUASANTA VOLTRI PRA PEGLI SESTRI PONENTE CORNIGLIANO SAMPIERDARENA COSTA STURLA GE-NERVI GE-EST MANIN CASELLA GE-BOLZANETO GE-AEROPORTO GE-PEGLI GE-VOLTRI A26 ALESSANDRIA TURIN MILAN A7 PIACENZA TURIN MILAN A10 SAVONA VENTIMIGLIA NICE GE-OVEST QUINTO QUARTO DEI MILLE Stazione Genova BRIGNOLE Stazione Genova PIAZZA PRINCIPE A12 LA SPEZIA PARMA ROME SS456 SS1 SS1 SS45 Panoramic Railway Train Stations Funicular Railway Underground Highways Highroads Fast Through Bridge SILOS DiGenova Genoa Granary Silos 1899-1901 before extension Genoa Granary Silos 1899-1901 after extension The city of Genoa currently has 6 different modes of transport. Industralised areas that, while at the beginning of 20th century developed in the western town boundary, have been incorporated into highly populated residential suburbs. Due to its orthographic peculiarity, in particularly the lack of costal spaces, residential suburbs have been built in steep hill areas, which is difficult for public transport to access. In 1999 the main urban problem in Genoa was the deterioration of the environment downtown Genoa where continuous and increasing levels of the maximum permitted pollutants levels were recorded, mainly due to the traffic flows in the central areas. Power Plant Combuson Service industry & Agriculture 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% Combuson Industry Producon Process Mining & Distrib. Fossil Comb. Solvent Use Road Transport Other Mobile Sources Total annual emissions per sector (tonne/year) Carbon Monoxide (CO) Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx) The Genoa Granary Silos consist of a complex system of monolithic reinforced concrete portals, already experienced in Europe as “Hennebique patent”, these were made for the first time in Italy. It was the largest structure of that period entirely built out of reinforced concrete. The old photo, before the extension shows a rather long monumental building, with a body emerging in which the chimney stands out distinctly. The building was originally 140 metres long and was later expanded to its present size as well as raised several times. The building occupies 7155 m 2 offering 344 cells (3x4 metre base). Original Reinforced Concrete Construction Drawings 1 Passenger Ferry Terminal Bridge 2 Marime Staon Genoa 3 Customs 4 Faculty of Economics 5 Marime Museum 6 Ex-Warehouse SITE Genoa Granary Silos 1 2 3 4 5 6 The ponderous reinforced concrete grain silos were completed in 1901. It is a major piece of industrial archaeology currently awaiting redevelopment for new uses. During 1907, the building was expanded to 126 cells, carrying a total capacity of 50,000 tonnes from 23,000. The silos have been in operation until approximately the 1990’s and is now in a state of disrepair. The building is 220 metres in length and 7 storeys high, with the majority of the interior space used for granary storage. Other space on ground level includes the processing and storage of the loaded material. STRUCTURAL System E) Method of Reinforcing Columns F) Section through Secondary Beams & Floor A) Section through Beam B) Junction of Beam & Column C) Cross-Section through Beam & Floor D) Section through Main Beam François Hennebique was a French engineer and self-educated builder who patented his pioneering reinforced-concrete construction system in 1892, integrating separate elements of construction, such as the column and the beam, into a single monolithic element. The Hennebique system was one of the first appearances of the modern reinforced-concrete method of construction. From a structural point of view, the construction has an audience of foundation strengthened by ribs. This solution was necessary due to the poor soil conditions. There was a considerable load from the building with the need to make the basement usable. The cells, ceilings, pillars and roof are also of reinforced concrete. The reinforcement follows the maximum bending moments which vary from the bottom of the beam midspan to the top of the beam over the supports. The column is rigidly connected to the beams and slab so no bracing is necessary. A B C E
description
The displace/Non-place unit encourages us to step outside our comfort zone, assisting us to step into the realm of the unfamiliar by adopting the strategy of displacement. Sites are purposely chosen outside our familiar Anglo Saxon contexts and investigations are carried out on sites that have lost their original meaning over time due to the loss of human inhabitation. We live in a society where we knock down the old and build the new, accepting the tabula rasa approach. The objective of the unit is to see whether it is possible to shift perceptions of these derelict sites from non-places to places. This is done through the implementation of non-conventional modes of architectural expression in architectural form and language within an existing structure. The challenge is to take a more obscure way of designing and problem solving using the most innovative solution possible, allowing both the past and present to be read.
Transcript of Displace/Non-place: 6th Year Semester Two Portfolio
May Tsang SEMESTER 2disPLACENon-Place
SITEAnalysis01
EXISTINg PLANS 1:1000 EXISTINg ELEVATIONS 1:500
South Elevation
North Elevation
West Elevation
SILOS DI GENOVA
East Elevation
South Elevation
North Elevation
West Elevation
SILOS DI GENOVA
East Elevation
South Elevation
North Elevation
West Elevation
SILOS DI GENOVA
East Elevation
South Elevation
North Elevation
West Elevation
SILOS DI GENOVA
East Elevation
NORTh Elevation
SOuTh Elevation
Basement
ground Floor
1st Floor
2nd Floor
3rd Floor
4th Floor
5th Floor 8th Floor
7th Floor
6th Floor
EAST Elevation WEST Elevation
PORThistorygENOA, one of the regional capitals of Italy, is an industrial town and a great port. Located on the extreme north-western ridge of the Mediterranean basin, Genoa is the natural access to the sea for a large and economically developed hinterland, that includes the metropolitan areas of Milan and Turin, Switzerland and south-western Germany.
genoa is considered a long lasting example of a port city:
> It is a representative type of a city whose morphology and economy are strictly connected to the presence of a port and the way it works.
> The city has maintained its basic function, being a place for maritime trade modifying many times its physical structure and its social and political organisation in order to match temporal opportunities.
Based on the history of Genoa, the port city has proved to be very adaptive, being able to survive for many centuries.
934
1861
209
B.C
.
7736th
Cen
tury
10th
Cen
tury
1349
15th C
entu
ry
16th C
entu
ry 18th C
entu
ry
20th C
entu
ry
13th C
entu
ry
14th C
entu
ry 1528
16847th
Cen
tury
5th C
entu
ryBeing allied with Rome during the Second Punic War, the Carthaginians destroyed the city. The Port was rebuilt, and it won municipal status after the end of the Carthaginian Wars. It was a castrum, or fortified Roman town, with busy trade in skins, wood, and honey that were transported to mainland cities.
When the Frank Empire conquered the Lombards, the Port became part of that kingdom under the rule of Ademarus, the first Carolingian count of Genoa. The city’s walls were rebuilt during this period.
The Port’s development and growth was intimately connected to maritime trade and traffic in these ancient days. Cultures with languages other than Ligurian established settlements on Castle Hill to operate manage their sea-borne trade. During this era, the Port was little more than a small sheltered Bay.
The Port became one of several independent city-states in Italy, a “Maritime Republic” like Venice and Pisa. The ports trade, ship-building, and banking activities gave it one of the biggest and most powerful navies in the Mediterranean region. Merchant families in the Port of Genoa struggled for domination.
After the plague subsided, the Port adopted the Venetian model of government and was presided over by the doge. The period was also the time of continuous wars against Venice.
The French dominated the Port of Genoa. After that, the Visconti of Milan ruled the city. Genoa lost Corsica when it revolted. It lost its colonies in the Middle East to the Ottoman Empire and Arab powers, and it lost Sardinia to the Kingdom of Aragon.
The city underwent an era of economic recovery, bringing new fortunes to many Port of Genoa families. The Port reached a new peak and it was a magnet for many world-famous artists and architects.
With the introduction of trade routes to the New World and away from the Mediterranean region, the Port’s fortunes began to decline. At the end of the 18th Century, Napoleon made the Port of Genoa a French protectorate, calling it the Ligurian Republic. France then annexed the new republic in 1805.
When international trade began to decline in the 20th Century, the Port of Genoa enjoyed increasing trade to and from northern Italy.During the beginning of the twentieth century, Sampierdarena was proudly called the “Italian Manchester” as a great industrial development had deeply influenced the social and economic structure.
The several centuries that followed made the city lose its power becoming only a small and unimportant city. Nevertheless, Genoa continued to build its merchent fleet slowly and became the leading commercial carrier of the Mediterranean Sea.
The Port of Genoa reached its political peak when it won the naval Battle of Meloria in 1284 over the Duchy of Pisa and when it defeated Venice in 1298.
The Black Death brought an end to the Republic’s golden age when the disease arrived in Europe from the Genoese trading post at Theodosia in the Crimea. The Port of Genoa suffered a near-total population and economic collapse.
In 1528, Andrea Doria instituted a new constitution for the Port of Genoa that brought it under the control of the Spanish Empire.
In 1684, the French bombarded the Port, and Austria occupied the city in 1746. In 1768, the city had to turn Corsica over to the French.
Italy’s unification in 1861 increased the Port of Genoa’s influence, and it was Italy’s most important commercial port, competing with Marseille for Mediterranean trade. It also completed with ports in the North Sea for trade with Switzerland and inland central Europe.
The Germanic Lombards ruled the Port, and they destroyed the city’s Roman walls.
Town was occupated by the greeks but its fine harbour was in use much earlier perhaps by the Etruscan.
PORTProblemsNATuRAL Resources
TRANSPORT Infrastructure
ISOLATION PROSTITuTIONItaly has few natural resources. With much land unsuited for farming, Italy is a net food importer. There are no substantial deposits of iron, coal, or oil. Proven natural gas reserves, mainly in the Po Valley and offshore in the Adriatic, constitute the country’s most important mineral resource. Most raw materials needed for manufacturing and more than 80% of the country’s energy sources are imported.
Linguria has no natural lakes except for a few glacial ones; the reasonably abundant water simply fall downwards too quickly. Consequently malaria was not a local problem. The main rivers of the region, the Roia in the extreme west and the Entella, which enters the sea at Chiavari are small because of limited, vertical water shed. The most sizable river in the area, the Trebbia, heads northeast for the Po.
All these natural advantages, however, existed alongside some major problems, mostly concerning the lack of natural resources in Linguria. Linguria had no mineral resources worth tapping, and it mountainous and coastal soils are generally poor and shallow. There was a fair amount and mix of timbers but no real rivers existed to transport the logs to the coast. Hence shipbuilding in Linguria would always be spread out in dozens of coves close to local supplies of good wood. When it was possible to bring wood by sea to Genoa, shipwrights worked there, but more typically the entrepreneurs in the business also constructed ships up and down the coast.
Today the identification between the city and port seems to be no longer effective. Ports are now highly specialised and mechanised tools for moving goods and passengers. They work as gears of a mechanism that connects sea routes and land transport networks and must improve efficiency diminishing frictions; so they tend to be enclosed non-places, physically isolated form the urban fabric and not permeable to the local flows.
Prostitution is not illegal in Italy, but the northwestern port city of Genoa has had an alarming increase in the number and audacity of the prostitutes, especially on the outskirts of the city. The local council wants to ban them from public places, claiming the women wear indecent garments and aggressively tout for customers.
According to the ordnance signed by the city’s mayor, Marta Vincenzi, prostitutes plying their trade on Genoa’s streets will be forbidden from “offering sexual services in a direct unequivocal way”. Many of Genoa’s prostitutes are offended by the ordnance because they consider themselves respectable members of the community.
Although prostitution is legal in Italy, profiting from the sex trade is illegal, so there are no brothels and most prostitutes are forced to work on the street. Brothels were legal in Italy until 1959, when they were banned under legislation known as the Merlin Law. Some Italian politicians, mainly conservative ones, would like to re-introduce brothels and limit prostitution to these locations.
RIghI
S. Simone
PinoCampi
Trensasco
Poggino
CappuccioS.Antonino
S.Pantaleo
SS35
Madonnetta
Carbonara
DarsenaPrincipeDinegro
San giorgioCaricamento
S. Nicolo
Preve
Cristoforo Colombo Airport
Terminal
Fiera Internazionale
ZECCA
DE FERRARI
BRIN
gRANAROLORIVAROLO
BOLZANETO
PONTEDECIMO
BORZOLIgRANARAACQuASANTA
VOLTRI PRA
PEgLI
SESTRI PONENTE
CORNIgLIANO
SAMPIERDARENA
COSTA
STuRLA
gE-NERVI
gE-EST
MANIN
CASELLA
gE-BOLZANETO
gE-AEROPORTO
gE-PEgLI
gE-VOLTRIA26 ALESSANDRIA
TuRINMILAN
A7PIACENZA
TuRINMILAN
A10SAVONA
VENTIMIgLIANICE
gE-OVEST
QuINTOQuARTO DEI MILLE
Stazione genovaBRIgNOLE
Stazione genovaPIAZZA PRINCIPE
A12LA SPEZIA
PARMAROME
SS456
SS1
SS1
SS45
Panoramic Railway
Train Stations
Funicular Railway
Underground
Highways
Highroads
Fast Through Bridge
SILOSDigenova
genoa granary Silos 1899-1901 before extension genoa granary Silos 1899-1901 after extension
The city of Genoa currently has 6 different modes of transport. Industralised areas that, while at the beginning of 20th century developed in the western town boundary, have been incorporated into highly populated residential suburbs. Due to its orthographic peculiarity, in particularly the lack of costal spaces, residential suburbs have been built in steep hill areas, which is difficult for public transport to access.
In 1999 the main urban problem in Genoa was the deterioration of the environment downtown Genoa where continuous and increasing levels of the maximum permitted pollutants levels were recorded, mainly due to the traffic flows in the central areas.
Power Plant CombustionService industry &
Agriculture
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%Combustion
IndustryProduction
ProcessMining & Distrib.
Fossil Comb.Solvent Use Road Transport Other Mobile
Sources
Total annual emissions per sector (tonne/year)
Carbon Monoxide (CO)
Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs)
Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx)
The genoa granary Silos consist of a complex system of monolithic reinforced concrete portals, already experienced in Europe as “hennebique patent”, these were made for the first time in Italy. It was the largest structure of that period entirely built out of reinforced concrete.
The old photo, before the extension shows a rather long monumental building, with a body emerging in which the chimney stands out distinctly. The building was originally 140 metres long and was later expanded to its present size as well as raised several times. The building occupies 7155 m2 offering 344 cells (3x4 metre base).
Original Reinforced Concrete Construction Drawings
1 Passenger Ferry Terminal Bridge 2 Maritime Station Genoa3 Customs4 Faculty of Economics5 Maritime Museum6 Ex-Warehouse SITE Genoa Granary Silos
1
2
34 5
6
The ponderous reinforced concrete grain silos were completed in 1901. It is a
major piece of industrial archaeology currently
awaiting redevelopment for new uses. During 1907, the
building was expanded to 126 cells, carrying a total capacity of 50,000 tonnes from 23,000.
The silos have been in operation until approximately
the 1990’s and is now in a state of disrepair. The building is 220 metres in length and 7
storeys high, with the majority of the interior space used for
granary storage. Other space on ground level includes the
processing and storage of the loaded material.
STRuCTuRAL System
E) Method of Reinforcing Columns
F) Section through Secondary Beams & Floor
A) Section through Beam
B) Junction of Beam & Column
C) Cross-Section through Beam & Floor
D) Section through Main Beam
François Hennebique was a French engineer and self-educated builder who patented his pioneering reinforced-concrete construction system in 1892, integrating separate elements of construction, such as the column and the beam, into a single monolithic element. The Hennebique system was one of the first appearances of the modern reinforced-concrete method of construction.
From a structural point of view, the construction has an audience of foundation strengthened by ribs. This solution was necessary due to the poor soil conditions. There was a considerable load from the building with the need to make the basement usable. The cells, ceilings, pillars and roof are also of reinforced concrete. The reinforcement follows the maximum bending moments which vary from the bottom of the beam midspan to the top of the beam over the supports. The column is rigidly connected to the beams and slab so no bracing is necessary.
A
B
C
E
May Tsang SEMESTER 2disPLACENon-Place
PROgRAMMEDevelopment02
AIRShIPDockingROMANBaths
BuRLESQuEEntertainment
gENOAScienceFestival
AIRShIPTerminal
SYNThesis
BRITISh High Mast Operations
MODERN Mast Operations
gERMAN Mast Techniques
Transportation technologies have got a new form over the years and have made travelling comfortable and convenient. However, the negative part is that they still have a great threat to the environment. Efforts are being made to give the world environmentally-friendly vehicles that will be effective, energy efficient as well as clean. With the current high pollutant levels within the city of Genoa, the airship has some very unique qualities that enable it to probably be the most fuel efficient and environmentally friendly air transport system possible.
Airships have a lot of advantages when compared with the usual airlines that carry passengers. They will not harm the environment like conventional airlines that run on fossils fuels, which are a non-renewable source of energy. This will have a very low impact on the surroundings and will keep it away from the clutches of deterioration. Airships will have almost no negative impact on the environment, which is a commendable trait. When it works using fossil fuels, even then the impact will be 80-90% less than any other everyday aircraft.
Airships are the only transport that can store hydrogen fuel and is a great substitute for fossil fuels. They feature small tails and wings similar to planes. Airships need only a flat surface for landing and taking off and can perform the same task on the surface of water as well. The existing structure already makes it ideal for an airship terminal, being located on the edge of the water with a large area of flat roof. The terminal with provide passenger travel for nearby cities such as Milan.
Airships fly at a low altitude - around 4,000 feet as opposed to 35,000 feet, meaning their water vapour emissions have very little impact on global warming. Another advantage is that airships are quiet, therefore will not cause any noise disturbance to surrounding buildings.
> Allows for airships to be moored or unmoored in any weather condition.> 12 men required to moor airship to a mast.
Elevation of Airship at Mast
Bow Look Out Man
Reinforced Bow
Port & Starboard Winche
Bow Winch
Mooring Eye
Window
Hawse Rope
Side Mooring Guys
Emergency Water Ballast Bag
Passenger Platform
Combined slide and rollers (running round on rail) taking hinged gangway of ship
Interior Gangway running whole length of Ship
Gas Bag
Ladder
PROCESS1) While the airship approaches the mast slowly against the wind, a mooring cable is let out from nose to the ground and linked, by a ground party, to the end of the mooring cable paid out from the mast head. 2) The cable is then slowly wound in with the airship riding about 180 m above the mast and down wind, with one engine running astern to maintain a pull on the cable. 3) At this point, two side wires are also connected to cables taken from the nose of the airship to pulley blocks some hundreds of feet apart on the ground and thence to winches at the base of the mast. 4) All three cables are then wound in together, the main pull being taken on the mooring cable. 5) When all the cable has been wound in an articulated mooring cone on the nose of the airship locked tight into the cup on the mast. The mast fitting is also made free to rotate as the airship swing with the wind with freedom 6) A gangway, like a drawbridge, which could be drawn up flush with the nose of the airship is then let down with its free end resting on the parapet of the platform running round the mast. 7) Passengers and crew boarded disembarked from the under cover along the gangway.
Smaller mobile masts have been used for small airships and blimps for many years. They can be track or wheel mounted and are operated by a small crew. The operating principle is generally similar to the larger masts.
> System uses much lower masts.> Ground crew can total up to 200 men.> Airships designed for landing on ground consists of pneumatic bumper bags or undercarriage wheels under the main and rear gondola.
PROCESS1) Before attempting a landing, contact is made by radio or flag signals with the ground crew to determine the ground temperature and wind conditions. 2) A smoky fire is started on the ground to show the wind direction. The ship then makes a long approach with a rate of fall of 100 feet per minute, and the lines are dropped when it is over the landing flag. 3) When the airship is over the field the engines are reversed for some time to help get the nose down. 4) Yaw lines dropped from the ship’s nose are drawn out to Port and Starboard by thirty men each, while twenty more on each side pull the ship down. 5) When the airship reaches the ground, fifty men are required to hold the control car rails and twenty hold those of the after car. With thirty men in reserve.6) The ground crew would then walk the airship to a short, or ‘stub’ mast, to which the nose of the airship would be attached. The airship would then rest on the ground with its rear gondola attached to a movable weighted carriage that enables the airship to swing around the mast with the wind.
The mooring mast is a structure designed to allow for the docking of an airship. It is a mast or tower that contains a fitting on its top that allows for the bow of the airship to attach its mooring line to the structure. A system and method for docking an airship to a mooring mast includes a thruster that is mounted to the fore end of the airship. When activated, the thruster generates a thrust vector that is substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the airship and is selectively directional. In particular, the configuration of the thruster can be changed to vary the direction of the thrust vector around the longitudinal axis to manoeuvre a connector on the thruster into contact with the mooring mast. Engagement of the connector to the mooring mast then docks the airship to the mooring mast.
INITIAL Ideas
PROPOSED Programme
A reoccurring theme that appeared within the assignments and the crime novel of semester one is the issue of social class and hierarchy.
The issue was taken further by creating an architectural Forum that allows for and generates encounters between people. The main challenge will be how to make this huge and important architectural complex accessible and intelligible to everyone, without affecting the symbolic and cultural value of this important structure. How to make it inclusive, respecting people and architectural heritage.
While we could imagine how architecture can convey a sense of hierarchy, the aim is to propose a framework for architecture of (social) equality.
The objective is redefine what a forum is today and create a socially inclusive, lively place that is no longer forgotten and set apart, but integrated to the commercial and business core of the port city.
To further develop initial ideas, the crime novel was referred back to in order to set up tension between programmes. The site context and surrounding buildings were also taken into consideration. A key aspect of the crime novel is the dominance in the control of women. Throughout the novel the men get seduced and the woman does the killing, they have the overall power.
The building proposes burlesque entertainment, a world of illusion, dreams and fun. The woman captivate men through theatrical entertainment, enticing men to the glamour and spectacle. This would also link well with the current problem of prostitution within the city. Burlesque entertainment can be a solution to solve the illegal nature of brothels in Italy. It still has the seductive striptease nature, but not quite as explicit as the sex trade. This programme will be disguised as a spa, making outsiders believe that visitors entering the building are to enjoy a day of relaxation until they enter for themselves.
In contrast, the other part of the programme is more child and family orientated. This creates tension with the adult entertainment and the oblivious children who are unaware with what is within the “spa”.
AIRShIP DOCkINg station addresses the issue of the transportation problems of Genoa. The airship has some very unique qualities that enable it to probably be the most fuel efficient and environmentally friendly air transport system possible.
BAThS were another more social and intimate setting that also aided the social cohesion of the Roman people, even between classes since most could use them and they were very affordable.
PERFORMANCE space allows for scenic entertainment
and theatrical performances. This brings the reminder of
how spectacle was an integral part of life in the Roman world,
which acted as a means of reinforcing the shared values
of the entire community.
MEMORIAL allows for collective mourning which leads to strengthening of the social bond, togetherness and produce positive feelings.
MARkET BAZAAR invites a host of artists, food purveyors, and musicians to bring life to the colourful and
inject a burst of energy.
RECREATION creates opportunities for socialisation and contributes to social cohesion by allowing people to connect and network with others. It can also contribute to family bonding when families do things together.
BathingRecreationMarket BazaarExhibitions
MemorialPerformanceAirship DockingObservation Deck
R.I.P.
NEW LIFE ln Old SpacesThe aim is to create a public realm that is more flexible, adaptable and inviting to different users, activities, or moods. The programmatic organisation is clear and, by avoiding disorientation, helps to overcome the labyrinth-like character of the existing building.
Looking at the origins of the Roman Forum has given an insight into the use of space to create social cohesion. The everyday use of Forums for business and casual use, as well as a setting for political discourse, speaks to why they were so important to the existence of Roman culture as we know it today.
We can see what functions were important during both the Republican and Imperial times, but in order to redefine what a Forum is in the 21st century, we question how technology can enhance public use and enjoyment, which will have an overall impact on social equality.
PLACE Of Exchange
TYPICAL Routine A requirement of the programme is to include exhibition space for the annual Genoa Science Festival. The philosophy of the Festival has remained unchanged: to make science accessible to everyone - to a public of all ages, students and experts.
Science and art exhibitions, workshops, exhibits, conferences, meetings, performances, special events are the vast range of choices they intend to offer to the public, collaborating to this aim with the most important national and international scientific networks. The building aims to provide flexible and adaptable spaces that can accommodate for these functions. It will be designed as a meeting place for researchers, people keen on science, schools and families.
Particular emphasis is given to the interactive nature of the proposed events, to bring the public closer to the world of science and technology in ways both funny and effective. As in the previous editions, since the beginning of the process of designing the program contents, the Festival aims to involve the largest possible number of people and institutions operating on the Italian territory and in the international arena.
Currently, part of science festival is located in the Maritime Museum. The location is ideal, being in close proximity to the museum and education establishments. The exhibition space could act as a continuation of exhibits from the maritime museum.
Burlesque Airship TerminalThE POWER OF WOMEN
> Different mindset on the display of the female form as opposed to strip bars.> World of illusion, dreams and fun.> Captivate men to the glamour and spectacle.
> “Grotesque imitation of the dignified or the
pathetic.”> A literary, dramatic or
music work intended to cause laughter by
caricaturing the manner of serious works.
> Multi-interpretations of the genre.> More focused on the ‘tease’ in striptease than the ‘strip’.> Audience tend to be mixed gender, age, race and class.> Tends to put emphasis on style and are sexy rather than sexual.
Classic Burlesque
Neo-Burlesque
FLOATINg INTO ThE FuTuRE
The airship docking station addresses the issue of the transportation problems of Genoa. The airship has some very unique qualities that enable it to probably be the most fuel efficient and environmentally friendly air transport system possible. Airships use the lifting power of Helium to keep them in the air and not the thrust of their engines, therefore making them one of the most efficient and ecologically acceptable forms of aviation. They are also generally much quieter than other aircrafts.
The airship will allow for passenger service and potentially cargo hauling, allowing better connection between the port and the city. Temporary and permanent exhibition spaces will also be provided for the annual science festival, one of the most important events of scientific dissemination. This space will be more family orientated and children will be unaware of the adult entertainment on the other side of the building.
BathingINTIMACY & RELAXATION
Bathing was a social and intimate setting that also aided the social cohesion of the Roman people, even between classes since most could use them and they were very affordable.
The aim is to create a bathing complex which will integrate neo-burlesque performances to entice men for entertainment and pleasure purposes up to a certain extent.
The nature of burlesque has multiple views and interpretations, making it suitable for audiences of any social background.
Relaxation Entertainment
Cargo hauling
Passenger Service
Family Orientated
Science Festival
Exhibition
ADuLTSBAThINg
PASSENgER SERVICE
BuRLESQuE ENTERTAINMENT
ACTINg AS TENSION
BETWEEN TWO CONVENTIONAL
PROgRAMS
FAMILYSCIENCE
TRANSPORT
18+
SEMIRIgID STRuCTuRE Unlike a blimp, which has no internal structure, the airship is made of aluminium and carbon fibre. All main components are mounted to this framework. The structure enables a smooth ride with very little vibration, making it ideal for passenger service.
STERN ENgINE Two propellers work off of one engine. One provides lateral thrust, the other can rotate 120 degrees to provide added capabilities. Can synchronise with the lateral engines to provide forward thrust.
LATERAL ENgINE Provides thrust and are positioned for manoeuvring, ability to stop and hover, and to climb vertically. Propeller design can rotate 120 degrees.
COCkPIT 2 pilots control thrust engines with two sidesticks mounted on either side. This “fly-by-wire” technology provides precise control of the propulsion system and the flight controls on the tail fins.
CAPACITY 12 passengers
SPEED70 mph
hEIghT 17 metres
LENgTh75 metres
ENVELOPE 296,643 cubic feet. Filled with nonflammable helium and made of a multi- layer laminate material.
TAIL FINS
INTERIOR
A typical routine might begin with a strenuous workout in the palestra, or courtyard, where various sports and activities loosened up the body and stimulated circulation.
Afterwards, the bather would trek through three rooms, progressing from tepid to hot. The first room was known as the tepidarium, the largest and most luxurious in the thermae. Here, the bather relaxed for an hour or so while being annointed with oils.
They would then move into the little bathing stalls of the caldarium, providing a choice of hot or cold water for private bathing. They were usually built on the periphery of the main bathing room, under which the central fire burned.
The final and hottest chamber was the laconicum. The body was then primed for a vigorous massage, followed by a scraping off of dead skin with the strigil. A thorough scrubbing and a cool dip in the pool of the frigidarium was next.
Refreshed and smelling like a rose, the bather then retired to the outer areas of the thermae where a library or an assembly room were among several attractions that encouraged intellectual pursuits.
Furnaces
Hot RoomWarm RoomCold Room
Typical Roman Bath house
Regardless of the individual’s status or wealth, the bath became virtually a daily routine for the inhabitants of the Roman world. Bathing has had a high profile in Roman society. Wherever the empire spread, the Romans built baths for steaming, cleaning, massage and socialising. The Roman aqueducts fed baths in the capital itself and these were on the grandest scale.
The design of the spa will be based on the traditional routine of the Roman baths. Typically, Roman baths were a complex of rooms where people would bathe, relax and carry on social activity. The bathing seems to have followed a routine which would include anointing with oil, exercise, the hot room, the steam room, the warm room and the cold plunge, as well as a swimming pool.
Burlesque refers to theatrical entertainment of soft and parodic humour, which usually consists of comic skits and a striptease, never leaving the performer completely naked. Originally, burlesque featured shows that included comic sketches, often lampooning the social attitudes of the upper classes, alternating with dance routines. The art is more focused on the “tease” in “striptease” than the “strip”.
The idea is to tackle the current prostitution problems of Genoa by creating a new environment in which women can work their power of seduction in new ways. Creating a different mindset on the display of the female form as opposed to the modern strip clubs. The inclusive nature developed from the initial programmes will be incorporated so that the burlesque spa is not solely aimed at men. The multi-interpretation of the genre includes modern dance, comedic mayhem and the classic striptease, creating audiences of mixed gender, age, race and class.
Burlesque is a literary, dramatic or musical work intended to cause laughter by caricaturing the manner or spirit of serious works, or by ludicrous treatment of their subjects. The word derives from the Italian burlesco, which itself derives from the Italian burla – a joke, ridicule or mockery.
Classic burlesque overlaps in meaning with caricature, parody and travesty, and,
in its theatrical sense, with extravaganza, as presented
during the Victorian era
CLASSIC Burlesque
Neo Burlesque encompasses a wider range of performance styles; ranging from classic striptease to modern dance to theatrical mini-dramas to
comedic mayhem
NEO Burlesque
FamilyAdults
Crime Novel
Burlesque
Prostitution gianni Vattimo
Baths
high Pollutant Levels
Airship Passenger Terminal
The voronoi structure originating from the shadow making device combines load bearing capacities, facade, structure and spatial enclosure opportunities in one monolithic element.
Shadow making device to be integrated to the south façade for sun shading
TENSION
Airship Docking
Obs
erva
tion
Dec
k
Exhibition SpaceExhibition Space
Burlesque Entertainment Childrens Area
Burlesque EntertainmentChanging Rooms
Changing RoomsOfficesOffices
Pass
enge
r Ter
min
al
Burlesque Entertainment
Hot RoomTreatment RoomRelaxation Room
Relaxation Room Waiting Room Storage
Exhibition SpaceBathing Bathing
18+
> Women in society> The power of women > Seduction of men
> Different mindset on the display of the female form> Captivate men to the glamour and spectacle> Multi-interpretations of the genre> Creates new jobs for women working for the sex trade
> Increasing number of prostitutes in Genoa> Brothels are illegal in Italy
> Follows the traditional routine of the Roman baths> Conceal identity of burlesque entertainment to outsiders
> Deterioration of the environment downtown Genoa > Increasing levels of the maximum permitted pollutants levels > High traffic flows in the central areas
> Make science accessible to everyone - to a public of all ages> Flexible and adaptable space
genoa Science Festival
> Fuel efficient and environmentally friendly air transport > Exhibition space provided for science festival
“The part-whole discourse in hermeneutic reflection cannot be
separated from the notion of dialogue.”
May Tsang SEMESTER 2disPLACENon-Place
N
SITE PLAN 1:1000
SPA ENTRANCE
Section A
Sect
ion
B
Sect
ion
C DOCkINg STATION & EXhIBITION ENTRANCE
PORTOAntico03
Palermo
gENOA
MilanVenice
Rome
Naples
Palermo
gENOA
1
2
3
45
6
SITE PLAN 1:5000N
P
1 Passenger Ferry Terminal Bridge 2 Maritime Station genoa3 Customs4 Faculty of Economics5 Maritime Museum6 Ex-Warehouse
The Spa entrance is located on the Western side of the building, providing easy access of spa facilities and entertainment to ferry passengers from the terminal bridge and Maritime Station. The Eastern side is where the science exhibition and airship passenger terminal is located. This provides easy access for visitors to continue from the Maritime museum to further exhibits during the time of the Science Festival. The existing road on the North elevation is pedestrianised, but still provides vehicle access to parking on site. The row of trees provide less exposure of the ground floor spaces within the open nature of the building. It also create a more pedestrian friendly environment to walk through.
Inspired by the red light district, the central atrium is the synergy area of the burlesque spa. The burlesque boxes read like a chest of drawers with differing sizes and placements. As visitors enter the building, they enter a palace of relaxation and entertainment. Lighting is limited through the roof to allow the boxes to artificially glow throughout the day, providing an ambient and intimate setting.
The exhibition space comprises mainly of semi-indoor outdoor spaces. The open nature provides views of activities taking place across the building. The shadow making device is used extensively throughout the building casting interesting shadow patterns that works well with the Mediterranean climate.
FAçADE
Triple layered screen frame views and light, creating a dynamic buffer of shadows and interesting framed views.
horizontal sunshades cut out mid-afternoon sun, reducing the need for cooling.
Apertures across wall panels promote natural ventilation.
ETFE cushion allows more
light and heat penetration than glass. It also acts
as a thermal blanket to the
structure.
Existing 15 metres deep piled raft foundations.
Sun shading is provided on the south façade to provide shading for the pool areas. The use of sliding panels with progressive openings on each of the three layers, allow control of the device based on the required amount of light and shading in specific weather conditions across the various pools. Horizontal sunshades on the south façade cut out mid-afternoon sun, reducing the need for cooling along with vertical sunshades to cut out western sun and cast distinctive shadow patterns.
May Tsang SEMESTER 2disPLACENon-Place
ELEVATIONS 1:500
North Elevation
South Elevation East Elevation
West Elevation
04
1st Floor
mezzanine
1) Relaxation Room2) Treatment Room3) Burlesque Dance Room4) Burlesque Dressing Room5) Staff Facilities
1) Burlesque Client Room2) Burlesque Dressing Room
1 1 1 1 1 1
2 3 4
6) Changing Room7) Burlesque Client Room 8) Science Auditorium9) WC10) Staff Offices & Storage
3) Burlesque Rehearsal Room4) Burlesque WC
1
2 2 6 6
37 7 7 7
8 9
9
10
7 74
5
5
2nd Floor
4th Floor
3rd Floor
1) Burlesque Relaxation Room2) Burlesque Dance Studio3) Burlesque Dressing Room4) Staff Facilities
1) Burlesque Dressing Room2) Staff Facilities3) Changing Room4) Burlesque Dance Studio5) Storage
1) Relaxation Room2) Staff Facilities3) Changing Room4) Burlesque Dance Studio
1 2
26
6 6
7
8
55
3
4
5) Changing Room6) Burlesque Client Room 7) Exhibition Space8) Staff Offices & Storage
6) Burlesque Client Room 7) Exhibition Space8) WC9) Waiting Room10) Staff Offices & Storage
5) Burlesque Client Room 6) Exhibition Space7) WC8) Staff Offices & Storage
12
2
3 3
45
5 6
66
7
8 8
8
8
109
1
3 3 4
5
5
5
52
2
6
7 7
8
GROUnD Floor 1) Spa Entrance2) Atrium3) Changing Room4) Sauna5) Cold Room6) Warm Room7) Hot Room
1
5 6 7
8
2
3
3
3
3 11
11 12
12 12
12
12
13
14
1299 10 10 10 10 10 109
4
8) Infinity Pool9) Treatment Room10) Burlesque Client Room11) Staff Facilities12) Plant Room 13) Exhibition Entrance14) Airship Terminal Entrance
n
5th Floor
7th Floor
6th Floor
1) Airship Control Room2) Mooring Mast3) WC4) Passenger Access to Platform
1) Airship Mooring Viewing Platform
1) Observation Deck
1
23
4 4
3
1
1
mezzanine 3RD FlOOR 6th FlOOR
1st FlOOR 4th FlOOR 7th FlOOR
GROUnD FlOOR 2nD FlOOR 5th FlOOR
New Structure
Existing Structure
Removed Structure
May Tsang semesteR 2disPlaCenon-Place
Plans1:50005
disPlaCenon-Place
seCtiOn a1:20006
new Structureexisting Structure
Staff FacilitiesChanging Rooms
Changing Rooms
Changing Rooms
Changing Rooms
Changing Rooms
Treatment Rooms
Dance Studio
Hot Room ExhibitionAirship DockingExhibitionExhibition Offices
staffFacilities
WaitingRoom
Observation Deck
Viewing Platform
auditorium
To Airship
AtriumBurlesque
Client Room
Staf
fFa
cilit
ies
May Tsang SEMESTER 2disPLACENon-Place
SECTIONS1:20007
SECTION B 1:200 SECTION C 1:200
New StructureExisting Structure
New StructureExisting Structure
Dres
sing
Room
Dres
sing
Room
Cold Room
Relaxation Room
Burlesque themedRelaxation Room
Entra
nce
Atriu
m
BurlesqueClient Room
Staff Facilities
BurlesqueClient Room
DressingRoom Infinity PoolPlantRoom
Observation Deck
Viewing Platform
To Airship
AuditoriumExhibition Space
Exhibition
Plant Room Plant Room
May Tsang SEMESTER 2disPLACENon-Place
AIRShIPTerminal
May Tsang SEMESTER 2disPLACENon-Place
May Tsang SEMESTER 2disPLACENon-Place
BuRLESQuESpa
May Tsang SEMESTER 2disPLACENon-Place
1) Family day out to science exhibition.
2) Father sneaks off for a day of relaxation at the spa.
3) Burlesque dancer seduces the father and lures him into a private room.
4) Burlesque dancers provide a private performance to the father.
1) Parents drop off children at science exhibition.
2) Parents go for a day of relaxation at the spa.
3) The mother learns the art of seduction with burlesque dancers.
4) The father watches a classic burlesque extravaganza.
1) Father drops off children at science exhibition.
2) Father enters the world of illusion, dreams and fun.
3) He selects which burlesque dancer he would like to be entertained by.
4) Receives chosen entertainment in private room.
ScenarioSa
B
c
1 2 3 4
1 2 3 4
1 2 3 4
N
Staff FacilitiesChanging Rooms
Changing Rooms
Changing Rooms
Changing Rooms
Changing Rooms
Treatment Rooms
Dance Studio
Hot Room ExhibitionAirship DockingExhibitionExhibition Offices
StaffFacilities
WaitingRoom
Observation Deck
Viewing Platform
Auditorium
To Airship
AtriumSeduction Adaptable
Relaxation Excitement
BurlesqueClient Room
Staf
fFa
cilit
ies
FamilyAdults
18+
Burlesque Dressing Room Corridor Access to Burlesque Boxes
Burlesque Box
Burlesque Spa Atrium Burlesque Relaxation Room Burlesque Private Room
Burlesque Client Room
Pool Shading PassageCold Room Warm Room Infinity Pool
Observation Deck
Exhibition Space South View of Airship TerminalNorth View of Airship Docking Station
Passenger Route to AirshipAirship Mooring Viewing Platform
3rd Floor Plan 1:500
Cross Section A 1:200 Longitudinal Section 1:200
1) Burlesque Dressing Room
2) Staff Facilities
3) Changing Room
4) Burlesque Dance Studio
5) Storage
6) Burlesque Client Room
7) Exhibition Space
8) WC
9) Waiting Room
10) Staff Offices & Storage
12
2
3 3
45
5 6
66
7
8 8
8
8
109
7th Floor Plan 1:500
Cross Section B 1:200
Access to Airship
