Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy
Transcript of Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy
![Page 1: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 1
Chapter 6
Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy
![Page 2: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 2
Operations of a Community Pharmacy
A community pharmacy is a business designed to serve the needs of its customers, where customer service and convenience is important.
![Page 3: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 3
Operations of a Community Pharmacy
The area of the pharmacy where the prescription medications are stored and prepared is
– Secured by code or key – Off-limits to the public
![Page 4: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 4
Terms to Remember
prescription an order written by a qualified, licensed practitioner for a medication to be filled by a pharmacist in order to treat a qualified medical condition
![Page 5: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 5
Operations of a Community Pharmacy
The critical path of a new prescription – Starts with receipt of prescription – Ends with dispensing to patient – Takes about 5 to 10 minutes – Has many phases that are completed by
the pharmacy technician
![Page 6: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 6
Critical Path of a New Prescription
1. The pharmacy technician checks the prescription to make certain it is complete and authentic.
(See Table 6.2)
![Page 7: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 7
Critical Path of a New Prescription
2. The pharmacy technician verifies that the patient information is contained in the pharmacy database. If not, then the technician obtains necessary demographic, insurance, allergy, and health information from the patient and enters the information into the computer.
![Page 8: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 8
Critical Path of a New Prescription
3. The pharmacy technician enters (or scans) the prescription into the computer database, billing the insurance company or calculating the cost to the patient, and generates the medication container label.
![Page 9: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 9
Critical Path of a New Prescription
4. When required, the pharmacy technician asks the pharmacist to check the drug utilization review (DUR) or drug interaction warning screen.
![Page 10: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 10
Critical Path of a New Prescription
5. The pharmacy technician selects the appropriate medication and verifies the National Drug Code (NDC) number on the drug stock bottle against the computer-generated medication container label.
![Page 11: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 11
Critical Path of a New Prescription
6. The pharmacy technician prepares the medication:
– The prescribed number of tablets or capsules are counted or the prescribed amount of liquid is measured.
– Controlled drugs are often double-counted and initialed.
![Page 12: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 12
Critical Path of a New Prescription
7. The pharmacy technician packages the medication in the appropriate container.
![Page 13: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 13
Critical Path of a New Prescription
8. The pharmacy technician labels the prescription container with the computer-generated medication container label. (In some states the law requires the pharmacist to affix the label to the container.)
![Page 14: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 14
Critical Path of a New Prescription
9. The pharmacy technician prepares the filled prescription (including original prescription, drug stock bottle, medication container label, and medication container) for the pharmacist to check.
![Page 15: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 15
Critical Path of a New Prescription
10. The pharmacist verifies the accuracy of the technician’s computerized entry against the original prescription (or a photocopied image). The pharmacist may then initial the label and prescription.
![Page 16: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 16
Critical Path of a New Prescription
11. The pharmacist or pharmacy technician bags the approved prescription for patient sale and attaches an information sheet about the prescription, including
– Indications – Interactions – Possible side effects
![Page 17: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 17
Critical Path of a New Prescription
12. The pharmacy technician returns the drug stock bottle to the shelf. If the bottle is opened, then the bottle is generally marked with an “X.”
![Page 18: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 18
Critical Path of a New Prescription
13. The pharmacy technician delivers the packaged prescription to the cash register area for patient pickup (or storage) and pharmacist counseling:
– Verify that the correct patient is receiving the prescription (ask for address or birth date).
– Photo ID may be required.
![Page 19: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 19
Critical Path of a New Prescription
14. If payment is due, then the patient pays by cash, credit card, or check. Most insurance providers require the patient to sign a form verifying that the prescription was picked up.
![Page 20: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 20
The Patient Profile
• A patient-specific record of – All prescriptions that have been
dispensed in the past at the pharmacy – Relevant demographic information
• May be shared nationally among chain pharmacies
![Page 21: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 21
The Patient Profile
• Identifying information • Insurance and billing information • Medical and allergy history • Medication and prescription history • Prescription preferences • HIPAA confidentiality statement
![Page 22: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 22
The Patient Profile
New pharmacy customers require new patient profiles:
– created at the time the prescription is submitted to the pharmacy
– if phoned in, created prior to dispensing the medication(s) to the patient
![Page 23: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Safety Note
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 23
The Patient Profile
If a patient profile already exists for a patient, then it is important for the pharmacy technician to verify that the correct profile is selected.
![Page 24: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 24
The Patient Profile
Obtaining information from the patient – Customers may complete a hard-copy
form. – The pharmacy technician may need to
interview the patient to obtain the necessary information.
(See Figure 6.2)
![Page 25: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 25
The Patient Profile
• It is extremely important for the pharmacy technician to ask the patient about – Allergies to medications – Past adverse drug reactions
• All allergies must be documented and entered into the patient profile.
![Page 26: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Safety Note
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 26
Documenting Drug Allergies and Adverse
Drug Reactions
Inquire about allergies every time a patient comes to the pharmacy with a prescription for an antibiotic.
![Page 27: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 27
Documenting Drug Allergies and Adverse Drug Reactions
Some food allergies may cross-react with medications:
– Eggs – Peanuts – Gluten (wheat) – Dyes – Soy
![Page 28: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Safety Note
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 28
Documenting Drug Allergies and Adverse
Drug Reactions Once a patient profile contains allergy-related information, the computer software will “warn” the pharmacist that a potential allergy or hypersensitivity reaction may occur if a prescription is filled for that drug.
![Page 29: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 29
Terms to Remember
patient profile a record kept by the pharmacy listing a patient’s identifying information, insurance information, medical and prescription history, and prescription preferences
![Page 30: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 30
Terms to Remember
allergy a hypersensitivity to a specific substance, manifested in a physiological disorder
![Page 31: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 31
Components of a Prescription
Pharmacy technicians check prescriptions to confirm
– The prescription is complete – Medication information is documented
accurately
![Page 32: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 32
Components of a Prescription
• Prescriber information
• Date • Patient
information • Rx • Inscription
• Subscription • Sig (directions) • Additional
instructions • Signature
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc.
![Page 33: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 33
Components of a Prescription
![Page 34: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 34
Terms to Remember
e-prescribing transmission of a prescription via electronic means
![Page 35: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 35
Reading the Prescription
• Subscription and sig (directions) may be written using abbreviations.
• Become familiar with common abbreviations.
• Misinterpretation of abbreviations can result in serious medication errors.
![Page 36: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 36
Abbreviations: Amounts
g gr gtt mg mL qs
gram grain drop milligram milliliter a sufficient quantity
(See Table 6.5)
![Page 37: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 37
Abbreviations: Dosage Forms
cap sol supp susp tab
capsule solution suppository suspension tablet
(See Table 6.5)
![Page 38: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 38
Abbreviations: Times
ac bid pc prn qid tid
after meals twice daily after meals as needed four times daily three times daily
(See Table 6.5)
![Page 39: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 39
Abbreviations: Sites
po pr sl top vag
by mouth per rectum sublingual topical vaginal
(See Table 6.5)
![Page 40: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 40
Abbreviations: Dangerous
hs ad as au od os ou
at bedtime right ear left ear each ear right eye left eye each eye
(See Table 6.5)
![Page 41: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 41
Reading the Prescription
If any part of the prescription is unclear or undecipherable, then the technician must check with the pharmacist prior to beginning the prescription-filling process.
![Page 42: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 42
Reading the Prescription
This prescription for azithromycin (Z-PAK) directs the patient to take “as directed for sinus infection.”
![Page 43: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Safety Note
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 43
Components of a Prescription
Amounts on prescriptions should be written out to prevent alterations.
![Page 44: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 44
Terms to Remember DEA number inscription subscription refill dispense as written (DAW) brand name medically necessary signa (or “sig”)
![Page 45: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 45
Other Types of Prescriptions
• Prescription refill requests • New telephone orders • Transfer prescriptions • Prescriptions not yet due • Controlled-drug prescriptions
![Page 46: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 46
Prescription Refill Requests
The pharmacy technician – Verifies that refills exist for the requested
medication – Forwards the request for pharmacist
review and approval
![Page 47: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 47
New Telephone Orders • The pharmacy technician refers the
call to the pharmacist. • The pharmacist verifies the accuracy
of the prescription and submits it to writing.
• Now the pharmacy technician can enter the information into the patient profile, as with a new prescription.
![Page 48: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 48
Transfer Prescriptions • In most states, by law only a licensed
pharmacist can transfer or copy a prescription from (or to) another pharmacy.
• The pharmacy technician can enter the transferred Rx into the computerized patient profile after it is transcribed to an order by the pharmacist.
![Page 49: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 49
Transfer Prescriptions Information needed for a transfer prescription
![Page 50: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 50
Prescriptions Not Yet Due
• Held prescriptions are commonly stored in an alphabetized file box for easy retrieval at a later date.
• In most states, prescriptions for Schedule II drugs cannot be stored or held in the pharmacy.
![Page 51: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 51
Documenting Insurance Information
• The pharmacy technician often submits an online claim to an insurance plan.
• It is not uncommon for insurance to cover only a 30 day supply of medication even if the prescriber approved a higher quantity.
• A prior authorization (PA) requires the pharmacy technician or pharmacist to call or fax the prescriber’s office so that the prescriber can be explain the justification for the use of the drug with the patient’s insurer.
![Page 52: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 52
Terms to Remember
prior authorization (PA) approval for coverage of high-cost medication or a medication not on the insurer’s approved formulary, obtained after a prescriber calls the insurer to justify the use of the drug
![Page 53: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 53
Pharmacist Verification and DUR Evaluation
• Pharmacy software can compare a prescription with others the patient has received to determine whether a drug utilization review is necessary.
• A drug utilization review (DUR) requires a closer review of the patient profile and an override by the pharmacist indicating that the prescription is safe to dispense.
![Page 54: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 54
Pharmacist Verification and DUR Evaluation
A DUR may be needed if the prescribed drug may
– Interact with existing or past medications on the patient’s profile
– Be contraindicated because of the patient’s allergy or medical history
– Be a duplicate of a similar drug prescribed in the past
– Have been prescribed in doses too low or too high for the patient
– Not be indicated in certain patients or must be used with caution
![Page 55: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 55
Pharmacist Verification and DUR Evaluation
• In most pharmacies, the action taken on severe DURs must be documented.
• The pharmacist will use his or her training and experience to review the patient profile and assess the significance of any potential interaction or adverse effect.
![Page 56: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 56
Terms to Remember
drug utilization review (DUR) a procedure built into pharmacy software designed to help pharmacies check for potential medication errors
• dosage • drug interactions • allergies
![Page 57: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 57
Medication Information for the Patient
• It is important to provide each patient with sufficient information to correctly take the prescribed medication.
• Written information is delivered through – Medication container labels – Patient information sheets
![Page 58: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 58
Terms to Remember
medication container label a label containing the dosage directions
from the physician, affixed to the container of the dispensed medication
the technician may use this hard copy to select the correct stock bottle and to fill the prescription
![Page 59: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 59
Medication Information for the Patient
Remember the law: – The pharmacy technician is not allowed
to counsel patients. – The pharmacy technician is legally
bound to offer patients verbal counseling to be provided by the pharmacist.
![Page 60: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 60
Medication Information for the Patient
The information required on a medication container label depends on the laws and regulations of a given state.
![Page 61: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 61
Medication Information for the Patient
![Page 62: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 62
Medication Information for the Patient
![Page 63: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 63
Terms to Remember
auxiliary label a supplementary label added to a medication container at the discretion of the pharmacist to provide additional directions
![Page 64: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 64
Medication Information for the Patient
Application of auxiliary labels – Requires a thorough knowledge and
understanding of the drug – Is usually restricted to the professional
judgment of the pharmacist
![Page 65: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 65
Terms to Remember
patient information sheet a leaflet printed from the prescription
software and provided to patients on each medication dispensed
the tech may use this hard copy to select the correct drug stock bottle and fill the prescription
![Page 66: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
Safety Note
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 66
Medication Information for the Patient
Patient information sheets provide package insert information in a format the patient can understand.
![Page 67: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 67
Medication Information for the Patient
Patient medication guides – For select, high-risk drugs – Must be provided to patients – A “black box” warning advising consumers of a
potential adverse reaction or of the proper use of a medication with a special dosage formulation
![Page 68: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 68
The Final Check of the Prescription
It is extremely important—and required by law—that the pharmacist check every prescription before it is dispensed to the patient to verify its correctness.
![Page 69: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 69
The Final Check of the Prescription
The pharmacist – Reviews the original prescription order – Compares it with the patient profile – Confirms that the patient information sheet has
been printed – Verifies that the drug selected by the technician
(from the stock bottle) is correct – Checks the accuracy of the medication
container label
![Page 70: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/70.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 70
The Final Check of the Prescription
• After this review, the pharmacist may initial the medication container label and/or the original prescription.
• In doing so, the pharmacist assumes legal responsibility for the correctness of the prescription.
![Page 71: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/71.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 71
The Final Check of the Prescription
• A duplicate of the computer-generated copy of the medication container label is usually affixed to the back of the original new prescription by the pharmacist or pharmacy technician.
• The original prescription is filed numerically.
![Page 72: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/72.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 72
Delivering the Filled Prescription to the Patient
• After the final verification and filing of the original prescription, the medication is available for immediate or future distribution to the patient.
• If the prescription is a “partial fill” or “change of manufacturer,” the pharmacy technician should be sure to relay this information to the patient.
![Page 73: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/73.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 73
Delivering the Filled Prescription to the Patient
• Most medications are stored in alphabetical or numeric storage bins.
• Some medications, such as all insulins, many injections, and suppositories, should be stored in the refrigerator once the final verification by the pharmacist is completed.
• Other medications, such as antibiotic suspensions, must be mixed just before dispensing.
![Page 74: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/74.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 74
Delivering the Filled Prescription to the Patient
Verify that the correct patient is receiving the dispensed medication, especially if someone else (i.e., a family member or a friend) picks up the prescription.
![Page 75: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/75.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 75
Delivering the Filled Prescription to the Patient
Pharmacist counseling – Every patient for new prescriptions – Available for patient questions on refill
medications
![Page 76: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/76.jpg)
Safety Note
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 76
Delivering the Filled Prescription to the Patient
Pharmacist counseling – The technician must offer the patient
(or the patient’s representative) the opportunity for counseling.
– Counseling is required by law.
![Page 77: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/77.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 77
Terms to Remember
tablet splitter a device used to manually split or score tablets
![Page 78: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/78.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc.
78
Controlled-Drug Prescriptions
Controlled drug, Schedule II–V Potential for intentional or unintentional
abuse Requires special review
Is it authentic or is it a forgery? Has it be altered?
![Page 79: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/79.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc.
79
Controlled-Drug Prescriptions
State laws or regulations may control the time period for initially filling a Schedule II prescription.
A new prescription is required each time it is dispensed.
There may also be limits on the quantity of a controlled drug that may be dispensed.
![Page 80: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/80.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc.
80
Controlled-Drug Prescriptions
Emergency dispensing of controlled substances
With a valid medical reason In most states
![Page 81: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/81.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc.
81
Controlled-Drug Prescriptions
Emergency dispensing of controlled substances
A controlled substance administration is to be immediate for proper treatment.
The pharmacist immediately converts an oral order into writing.
The pharmacist documents the need for the emergency dispensing of the Schedule II prescription.
![Page 82: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/82.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc.
82
Controlled-Drug Prescriptions
Emergency dispensing of controlled substances
Good faith efforts are made by the pharmacy to verify prescriber authenticity.
Within 7 days (72 hours in some states), the prescriber must deliver a written version of the emergency oral order to the pharmacy, with “authorization for emergency dispensing” written on its face.
![Page 83: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/83.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc.
83
Controlled-Drug Prescriptions
The legitimacy of the prescription for all scheduled drugs, especially Schedule II drugs, must be carefully assessed by both the pharmacy technician and the pharmacist.
![Page 84: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/84.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc.
84
Controlled-Drug Prescriptions
Forgeries are often difficult to recognize.
Do not rush the review of the prescription because of a busy workload.
The pharmacist must resolve any discrepancies by talking directly to the prescribing physician.
![Page 85: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/85.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc.
85
Controlled-Drug Prescriptions
![Page 86: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/86.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc.
86
Controlled-Drug Prescriptions
Pharmacy technicians should also take care when a person other than the patient or a family member attempts to call in a refill or to pick up medication.
When in doubt, the pharmacy technician should call the patient to verify the authenticity of the prescription or the validity of the refill request.
![Page 87: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/87.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 87
Terms to Remember
drug seeker a patient/customer who tries to obtain more
than the normally prescribed amount of a controlled substance medication
gets prescriptions from multiple physicians for controlled substances
may be constantly requesting “early refills”
![Page 88: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/88.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 88
Terms to Remember
safety paper a special tamper-proof paper required in many states for C-II prescriptions; used to minimize forgeries
![Page 89: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/89.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc.
89
Controlled-Drug Prescriptions
Authentication of Controlled-Substance Prescriptions
Because the role of the pharmacy profession is to safeguard public health, both the technician and the pharmacist have important roles in reviewing and monitoring all new and refill-controlled medications.
![Page 90: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/90.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc.
90
Controlled-Drug Prescriptions
The right to refuse a controlled-substance prescription
If a legitimate concern exists that a prescription was not written in good faith, then the pharmacist’s duty is to determine the reason for issuing the prescription from the prescriber.
![Page 91: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/91.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc.
91
Controlled-Drug Prescriptions
Refilling controlled-substance prescriptions
In some states, for certain Schedule II drugs (e.g., ADHD medications) a prescriber is permitted to write two additional future dated prescriptions, to be held until needed.
![Page 92: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/92.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc.
92
Controlled-Drug Prescriptions
Refilling controlled-substance prescriptions
A prescription for a Schedule III or IV drug may be refilled up to five times if allowed by the physician, but these refills must occur within a 6 month period, after which time a new prescription is required.
![Page 93: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/93.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc.
93
Controlled-Drug Prescriptions
Refilling controlled-substance prescriptions
Early refill requests by patients for Schedule III–IV drugs must be carefully monitored by the pharmacy technician.
If refills are indicated for a controlled drug, then prescriptions are refilled no sooner than 1 or 2 days before the customer’s supply will run out.
![Page 94: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/94.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc.
94
Controlled-Drug Prescriptions
Controlled drug, Schedule II–V Potential for intentional or unintentional
abuse Requires special review
Is it authentic or is it a forgery? Has it be altered?
![Page 95: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/95.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc.
95
Controlled-Drug Prescriptions
State laws or regulations may control the time period for initially filling a Schedule II prescription.
A new prescription is required each time it is dispensed.
There may also be limits on the quantity of a controlled drug that may be dispensed.
![Page 96: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/96.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc.
96
Medication Selection and Preparation
Why must the technician become familiar with the precise location of drug inventory?
In order to efficiently and accurately select medications from the pharmacy stock to fill the prescriptions received
![Page 97: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/97.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc.
97
Medication Selection and Preparation
Schedule II drugs Can be dispersed through stock Can be stored in locked cabinet In most pharmacies, access limited to pharmacist
![Page 98: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/98.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc.
98
Medication Selection and Preparation
The expiration date should always be checked by the pharmacy technician before filling, especially on infrequently used medications.
![Page 99: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/99.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc.
99
Medication Selection and Preparation
The pharmacy technician fills a medication order based on
A printed medication container label A patient-specific medication information sheet After computer entry from the original prescription has been reviewed and approved by the pharmacist
![Page 100: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/100.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc.
100
Medication Selection and Preparation
![Page 101: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/101.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc.
101
Medication Selection and Preparation
NDC number Use this number to identify the exact drug, dose, and package size for the preparation of the prescription. Compare the NDC number of the stock bottle with the printout.
![Page 102: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/102.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc.
102
Medication Selection and Preparation
Avoid basing product identification on size, color, package shape, or label design.
![Page 103: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/103.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc.
103
Medication Selection and Preparation
A common error is the selection of the Wrong drug stock bottle Dose Package size
Because two products Look alike (similar labeling) Have names that sound alike
![Page 104: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/104.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc.
104
Medication Selection and Preparation
Check each drug at least three times to confirm that the correct drug is dispensed:
1. When the product is initially being pulled from the inventory shelf
2. At the time of preparation 3. When the product is returned to the
shelf
![Page 105: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/105.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc.
105
Medication Selection and Preparation
Tablets and capsules must be counted out and placed in the appropriately sized vial or medication container.
Some pharmacies may use barcode scanners and automated counting machines Minimize the chance of human error in drug
selection Facilitate the counting of tablets and capsules
![Page 106: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/106.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc.
106
Medication Selection and Preparation
![Page 107: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/107.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc.
107
Medication Selection and Preparation
Top, from left: a label printer, an automatic counting machine, and a bar-code scanner Bottom, at left: a counting tray and spatula
![Page 108: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/108.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc.
108
Medication Selection and Preparation
Equipment should be cleaned after counting
Sulfa Penicillin Aspirin products
![Page 109: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/109.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc.
109
Medication Selection and Preparation
Liquid products are sometimes dispensed in their original packaging.
Pediatric cough and cold syrups Suspensions
![Page 110: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/110.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc.
110
Medication Selection and Preparation
Counting out the medication may not be necessary.
A drug may be commercially available in a prepackaged, unit-of-use form.
![Page 111: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/111.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 111
Terms to Remember
unit of use a fixed number of dose units in a drug stock container, usually consisting of a month’s supply or 30 tablets or capsules
![Page 112: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/112.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc.
112
Medication Selection and Preparation
Unit-of-use packaging saves time and reduces medication preparation errors.
![Page 113: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/113.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc.
113
Medication Selection and Preparation
Many drugs are prescribed as one dose daily, and many insurance companies reimburse for only a 1 month supply of medication:
Birth control pills Topical ointments or creams Eye and ear drops
![Page 114: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/114.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc.
114
Medication Selection and Preparation
Birth control pills come prepackaged for dispensing.
![Page 115: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/115.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc.
115
Medication Selection and Preparation
Sometimes filling a prescription involves Retrieving a multiple-dose container of a
premixed drug Measuring out the prescribed quantity Placing the drug into a container with a
label
![Page 116: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/116.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc.
116
Medication Selection and Preparation
The pharmacist must check all drugs prepared by the pharmacy technician.
![Page 117: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/117.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc.
117
Medication Selection and Preparation
Most pharmacies maintain a limited drug inventory to remain profitable.
It is not uncommon to be either out of a prescribed medication or unable to completely fill a prescription order.
![Page 118: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/118.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 118
Terms to Remember
out of stock (OOS) a medication not in stock in the
pharmacy a drug that must be specially ordered
from a drug wholesaler
![Page 119: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/119.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc.
119
Medication Selection and Preparation
Options for OOS medications Allowing the patient to take the
prescription to another pharmacy Borrowing the medication from another
pharmacy Ordering the medication from the
wholesaler
![Page 120: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/120.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 120
Terms to Remember
partial fill a supply dispensed to hold the patient until a new supply is received from the wholesaler because insufficient inventory in the pharmacy prevents completely filling the prescription
![Page 121: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/121.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc.
121
Medication Selection and Preparation
Inventory may be insufficient to completely fill the prescription
A partial fill may Provide a 2 day to 5 day supply of
medication Should be sufficient until the new drug
inventory is received
![Page 122: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/122.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc.
122
Medication Selection and Preparation
Choosing medication containers A wide variety of plastic vial sizes are available for
tablets and capsules in various dram sizes (from 10 to 60 drams).
Selecting the proper vial size is a skill that becomes easy with experience.
![Page 123: Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022041121/625071c4ba32e20ebb113de2/html5/thumbnails/123.jpg)
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc.
123
Medication Selection and Preparation
All medications should be dispensed in child-resistant containers that are designed to be difficult for children to open.
Poison Prevention Packaging Act of 1970 Most prescription drugs are to be packaged in
child-resistant containers. A non–child-resistant container may be used if the
prescriber or the patient makes a request for such a container.