Diseases caused by abnormal chromosomes or by defective genes inherited from one or both parents.
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Transcript of Diseases caused by abnormal chromosomes or by defective genes inherited from one or both parents.
Nerve cells use a brain chemical called dopamine to help control muscle movement. Parkinson's disease occurs when the nerve cells in the brain that make dopamine are slowly destroyed. Without dopamine, the nerve cells in that part of the brain cannot properly send messages. This leads to the loss of muscle function.
Degeneration of brain cells• Passed down through families• Causes:• uncontrolled bodily movements• facial grimaces• emotional disturbances• mental deterioration
Disease of the body’s mucous glands. It primarily affects the respiratory and digestive systems of children and young adults.
More than one gene influences the onset of a disease. Lifestyle behaviors can contribute to a person’s chance of developing a complex disease
CVD’s such as stroke, high blood pressure, heart attacks, arteriosclerosis, type 2 diabetes and cancer are examples of complex diseases.
When a person inherits the wrong number of chromosomes or an incomplete chromosome.
Humans normally have 23 chromosomes in
each cell.
Most common chromosomaldisease in the U.S. is Down Syndrome.
If the immune system does not function properly it can result in an immune disorder. Examples of immune disorders are allergies, asthma and AIDS.
Rheumatoid Arthritis is an autoimmune diseases are in which the immune system attacks the joints.
Multiple Sclerosis occurs when the immune system attacks the fatty insulation of nerves
in the brain and spinal cord.
A disorder in one or more of the basic psychological processes involved in
understanding or in using language
Manifests itself as an imperfect ability to listen, think, speak, write, spell, or do
mathematical calculations. Usually have normal IQ but can’t perform academically
within the normal IQ range.
Common characteristicshyperactive behavior, short attention spans, impulsiveness, poor self concepts, delay in play development
Effects on motor proficiencyhard time with visual-motor coordination, fine motor coordination, bilateral coordination, balance, and difficulties in perception (sight, sound, touch, muscle feeling, smell, and taste)
Significantly sub-average general intellectual functioning; a wide continuum exists
Characteristics: short attention span, being
slow to understand and follow directions, being lovable and wanting to please, exhibiting a delay in physical and motor skills
Motor skills: similar to learning disabilities; Poor body image, poor spatial relations, (with themselves, others, and equipment), clumsy and lack balance
Students with mental disabilities benefit from a highly structured and consistent environment, as well as immediate praise
Suggestions: Structured, consistent environment, teach by demonstrations and verbalization, be brief with directions, affirm/praise valid attempts (instantly)
A condition exhibiting characteristics which over a long period of time (adversely affects
the child’s education):
Examples: Tourette’s syndrome, Bipolar, PDD (autism, asperger’s), Oppositional Defiant disorder
Characteristics: inability to learn that cannot be explained by intellectual, sensory, or health factors
inability to build or maintain satisfactory interpersonal relationship with peer or teachers
inappropriate behaviors or feelings under normal circumstances
general mood of unhappiness or depression tendency to develop physical symptoms or fears
associated with personal/school problems
Definition: Includes partial sight and blindness. Visual impairment, including blindness, means an impairment in vision that, even with correction, adversely affects a child’s educational performance
Characteristics: self stimulation mannerisms (rocking, clicking fingers), stand too close because don’t know distances
Motor skills: slow to walk and develop gross motor skills created by limited movement and exploration, higher body mass index (low levels of fitness)
May be a permanent or fluctuating impairment or deafness. Impairment in
hearing, whether permanent or fluctuating, that adversely affects a child’s education
performance; Deafness is a hearing impairment that is so severe that the child is impaired in processing linguistic information
through hearing, with or without amplification
Characteristics: social domain is hardest, frustration when multiple conversations are going on, withdrawal from game experiences if not given special assistance
Motor skills: Poor balance, learn at normal rate but most have lower fitness scores
May result from congenital causes, disease, injury. A severe orthopedic impairment that adversely affects a
child’s educational performance includes impairments caused by congenital anomaly (missing a limb), disease
(arthritis), and other causes (cerebral palsy, amputations, etc)
Characteristics: Some are average to above IQ while others have mild to severe learning disabilities
Cerebral Palsy is the orthopedic impairment found most often in public schools. Can have “mild” (generalized clumsiness or slight limp) to “severe” (dominated by reflexes, unable to ambulate, unable to speak, almost no control of motor function); Most common form is call spasticity which is hypertension of the tendons and muscles (look and feel stiff); the degree of severity depends on the different body parts involved.