Disease control of irrigated crops - College of Agriculture ......Disease control of irrigated crops...
Transcript of Disease control of irrigated crops - College of Agriculture ......Disease control of irrigated crops...
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Disease control of irrigated crops
Martin Chilvers Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences
[email protected] @MartinChilvers1 517-353-9967
www.fieldcroppathology.msu.edu
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Northern Corn Leaf Blight
Exserohilum turcicum (Setosphaeria turcica)
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Gray Leaf Spot
Cercospora zeae-maydis
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Gray Leaf Spot
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Common Rust
Puccinia sorghi
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Northern Corn Leaf Spot
Bipolaris zeicola (Cochliobolus carbonum)
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Northern Corn Leaf Spot
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Corn fungicide trials
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Break-even scenarios for corn Corn price
($/bu)
Application cost ($/A)
$12 $16 $20 $24 $28 $32 $36
$3.00 4.0 5.3 6.7 8.0 9.3 10.7 12.0
$4.00 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 9.0
$5.00 2.4 3.2 4.0 4.8 5.6 6.4 7.2
$6.00 2.0 2.7 3.3 4.0 4.7 5.3 6.0
$7.00 1.8 2.3 2.9 3.4 4.0 4.6 5.1
$8.00 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5
$9.00 1.3 1.8 2.2 2.7 3.1 3.6 4.0
$10.00 1.2 1.6 2.0 2.4 2.8 3.2 3.6
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2014, Michigan corn fungicide trials
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Untreated Priaxor, 8 ozV6
Priaxor, 8 ozVT
Priaxor, 8 ozV6&VT
Stratego YLD,5 oz V6
Stratego YLD,5 oz VT
Stratego YLD,5 oz V6&VT
Yiel
d (b
u/A)
Coleman
East Lansing
Coleman: DKC38-04RIB , East Lansing: NuTech 5V197 Low levels of Rust, GLS, NLB <1.5 DIX scores
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2014, Michigan corn fungicide trials
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-10
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Priaxor, 8 oz V6 Priaxor, 8 oz VT Priaxor, 8 ozV6&VT
Stratego YLD, 5oz V6
Stratego YLD, 5oz VT
Stratego YLD, 5oz V6&VT
Yiel
d re
lativ
e to
unt
reat
ed (b
u/A)
Coleman
East Lansing
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2015, MSU corn trials – NCLB (DSI)
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8Ea
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2015, MSU corn trials – Yield (bu/A)
020406080
100120140160180200
Yiel
d (b
u/A)
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-50
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-10
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cont
rol
Affia
nce
(10
fl oz
/A) @
V5
Affia
nce
(10
fl oz
/A) @
VT
Dom
ark
230M
E (4
fl o
z/A)
@V5
Dom
ark
230M
E (4
fl o
z/A)
@VT
Equa
tion
SC (6
fl o
z/A)
@V6
Equa
tion
SC (6
fl o
z/A)
@VT
Fort
ix (5
fl o
z/A)
@V6
Fort
ix(5
fl o
z/A)
@V8
Fort
ix (5
fl o
z/A)
@VT
Fort
ix (4
fl o
z/A)
@VT
Head
line
AMP
(10
fl oz
/A) @
V8
Head
line
AMP
(10
fl oz
/A) @
VT
Stra
tego
YLD
(2 fl
oz/
A) @
V5
Stra
tego
YLD
(4 fl
oz/
A) @
VT
Stra
tego
YLD
(5 fl
oz/
A) @
V5 a
nd V
T
Topg
uard
EQ
(5 fl
oz/
A) @
V6
Topg
uard
EQ
(5 fl
oz/
A) @
V8
Topg
uard
EQ
(5 fl
oz/
A) @
VT
Yiel
d de
lta
Early V vs. VT
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Corn fungicide conclusions • Variability in data sets and fields:
– Northern states showed high variation—difficult to link yield response to disease severity in all cases
– Some environment related, but yearly variability exists
• Continue to see best economic response from
fungicides when used in response to disease pressure – VT application
Kiersten Wise
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Should I be using a foliar fungicide? • On farm trials • Require replication
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Goss’s Wilt Remerging Bacterial disease New York Times Sep-30-2013
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Goss’s wilt distribution
2013 outbreak in Louisiana
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Scouting for Goss’s wilt in Michigan
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Why the increase in Goss’s wilt?
• Change in production systems • Corn on corn • Min. or no-till systems • Susceptible hybrids • Change in virulence of the Cmn pathogen • Fungicides are not effective
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Tar spot of corn Phyllachora maydis, and Monographella maydis
Only Phyllachora maydis confirmed to date Purdue Diagnostic lab and Kiersten Wise
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White mold – 2014
Adjusted to 1bu/A Photo courtesy: Martin Nagelkirk
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Peltier et al., 2012
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Foliar fungicides – White mold
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2014, white mold disease index (DSI)
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Dise
ase
(DIX
)
Disease pressure too high to statistically differentiate treatments
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2014, white mold yield
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40Yi
eld
bu/A
Endura 6oz (R1) + Priaxor 4oz (R3); Endura 6oz (R1); Stratego YLD 4oz (R3); Aproach 9oz (R3); Endura 8oz R3; Cobra 6oz + Endura 8oz (R1)
*
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2015, white mold trial - Disease
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te m
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• Topsin 30 oz @R1 and R2; • Cobra 6oz + Endura 8oz @R1; • Cobra 6oz @V5
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2015, white mold trial - Yield *
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Yiel
d (b
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Only treatment significantly different to control: Propulse 8oz @R1 + Proline 3oz @R3
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When to spray? 2014, application timing
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Cont
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Apro
ach
9 flo
z R2
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Endu
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oz R
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Endu
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oz R
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Yiel
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/A
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White mold - Chemical control
• Chemical control as protectant not curative • Application timing to protect flowers up to
beginning pod (R3) • Canopy penetration is essential • Have realistic management expectations
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Management of White Mold in Soybean • No silver bullets – must integrate several
management practices: – Partially-resistant varieties
• MSU variety trials www.varietytrials.msu.edu
– Row spacing and seeding population rates
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Sudden Death Syndrome (SDS)
SDS has become a significant concern across the Midwest
Complex Disease: • Root rot • Foliar symptoms
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Soybean SDS – Michigan
2015
2013
2012
2011
2010
2009
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Fusarium virguliforme life cycle
First found Arkansas in 1970
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Commercial cultivars – differ in resistance
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2014, Yield ILeVO vs. base treatment
-2-10123456
11 2 9 5 6 8 1 7 12 10 3 4Yiel
d re
lativ
e to
bas
e tr
eatm
ent (
bu/A
)
Cultivars
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2014, SCN reproduction ratio (Pf/Pi)
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treateduntreated
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SDS management recommendations Prevent movement of infested soil power wash equipment if possible
Confirm it is SDS Utilize resistant varieties ILeVO seed treatment Test and manage for SCN Improve drainage Extended crop rotation may help
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Irrigation management for soybeans
Heavy applications favor SDS Many light applications favor white mold
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Acknowledgements • Dr. Carl Druskovich, • MSU diagnostic lab, Fred and Jan • John Boyse and Randy Laurenz • Tim Dietz and Kyle Johnson • Kerrek Griffes, Steve Gower - Asgrow • Karen Zuver – Pioneer • Bill Widdicombe and Lori Williams • Midwest colleagues: Kiersten Wise et al.