DISCOURSE TYPESThe variety of functions and forms

The functions of discourse based on the pure forms or organon model, they are:

a) Symbol. It refers to reality and more dominant. It functions to transmit the information. It can be called informative discourse.

b) Symptom. The function of symptom is expression or it can be called narrative discourse. For example: the expression of someone singing.

c) Signal. Its function is persuasion. It is also called argumentative discourse. For example: exposition text.

Six functions according to Roman Jakobson, they are:

1. Context (referential)

2. Addresser (emotive) 4. Message (poetic)

3. Addressee (conative)

5. Channel, contact (phatic)

6. Code (metalingual)

The emotive or expresses function expresses the attitude of the addressee. The conative function is the orientation to the addressee.

The poetic function is language used in focus of the message itself.

The phatic is used for checking the channel or making contact.

In metalinguistics or glossing function, language focuses on the code

Three approaches in the classification of the variety of discourse, they are:

a) Approach a discourse typology: relation between the discourse situation and general discourse characteristics.

b) Approach abstract forms: distinguishing general discourse types

c) Approach specific lexical and syntactic characteristics: related to communicative functions.

Six discourse situations based on Hugo Steger, they are:

1) Presentation

2) Message

3) Report

4) Public debate

5) Conversation 6) Interview

Written Language and verbal Interaction

Differences between written discourse and verbal interaction according to Wallace Chafe are:

1) Writing takes longer than speaking (integration) subordinate conjunction2) Writers do not have contact with readers (detachment) communication The differences in terms of situation:

Verbal interaction is part of shared situation that includes both speakers and listeners.

A written discourse is situation between writers and readers.