DISC Engine FC Maglev
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Transcript of DISC Engine FC Maglev
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History of DISC Engine
Started in 1950s when Mercedes Benz developed an engine
employing mechanical injection system.
In 1960s Ford Programmed Combustion (PROCO) engine and
Texacos Stratified Charge (TCCS) engine. Both of these
engines employed mechanical jerk type fuel injection systems.
All these were not employed for production because they are
unable to maintain charge stratification at high loads and also
faces frequent spark plug fouling.
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History Contd
In 1970 Honda develops a divided chamber stratified chargeengine using two carburettor called as Honda CVCC (compoundvortex combustion chamber) engine.
A small carburettor provided rich mixture to the auxiliary small
chamber where spark plug ignited the mixture.
The lean carburettor supplied mixture to the main chamber and
the overall mixture in the engine was significantly leaner than
stoichiometric.
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History Contd
Mitsubishi and Toyota Motors introduced DISC engine
powered cars during mid 1990s.
These engines operate in stratified mode at part loads
and in stoichiometric mode at high loads.
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DISC Engine Combustion
Requirements
Combustible mixture must form quickly.
Wetting of piston crown and spark plug by excessive
liquid fuel deposition is to be prevented.
Suitable air motion is to be provided during
compression stroke and at the time of fuel injection.
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Methods of Charge Stratification and
Combustion
SPRAY CONTROLLED
The fuel spray characteristics primarily
controls the charge stratification.
The spark plug is placed close to thespray as it is there that the ignitable
mixture is present at the time of ignition.
The combustion being highly sensitive
to spray characteristics smoke formation
is often observed at high loads.
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FLOW CONTROLLED:
Mixture is formed by interaction between fuel spray and
suitably directed air motion like swirl or tumble.
When air motion is well organized, the combustion chamberwalls do not get wetted by liquid fuel and a stable stratified
charge operation is obtained over a wide range of engine
operation.
WALL CONTROLLED:In the wall-controlled concept, fuel injection is directed towards
a specially designed piston cavity.
An intense reverse tumble charge motion transports the
mixture to spark plug electrodes.
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Modes of DISC Engine Operation
Stratified Charge Operation:
-Fuel is injected late in the compression stroke.
-very lean overall air-fuel ratios reaching up to 50:1.
Homogeneous Stoichiometric Operation:
-Fuel is injected early in the intake stroke to allow adequate time
before ignition for fuel evaporation.-At high loads, early fuel injection timing is used to operate the engine
in stoichiometric homogeneous mode.
Homogeneous Lean Operation:
- Engine operates homogeneous lean in the mid-load range.-This is the transition zone from stratified mode at low loads to
stoichiometric operation at full engine load.
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HYDROGEN ENGINES
Properties of HydrogenAllows it to use in ICE
Wide Range of Flammability
Low Ignition Energy -(0.02 MJ for hydrogen versus 0.2
MJ for gasoline.High Diffusivity.
High Flame Speed - more closely approach the
thermodynamically ideal engine cycle (most efficient
fuel power ratio).
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HYDROGEN FUEL CELLS
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FUEL CELL WORKING
Fuel cell consist of anode,cathode,catalyst andelectrolyte.
The anodes catalyst separates hydrogen into protons
and electrons.
The electrons flows through the electric drivesconnected across the fuel cell.
The protons flow through the electrolyte and reaches
cathode.
Oxygen flows into the fuel cell to the cathode.
Catalyst at cathode combines protons, electrons and
oxygen to form water.
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MAGLEV
lMaglev is magnetic leviation,which works based on electromagnetic propulsion.
lThe magnetized coil running along the track, called a guideway.lThe electric current supplied to the coils in the guideway walls is constantly
alternating to change the polarity of the magnetized coils.
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EMS and EDS
The key difference between Japanese(EDS) and German (This(EDS) kind of electromagnet can conduct electricity e
In the EMS system, which uses standard electromagnets, t
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EDS....
By chilling the coils at frigid temperatures, Japan's system saves energy.However, the