Disaster Resilient Megacities

STRATEGIES FOR BECOMING DISASTER RESILIENT

DURING 2013

PART 3: MAKE THE MEGACITIES MORE

DISASTER RESILIENT

MEGACITIES FACE HUGE DISASTERS FROM …

MEGACITIES FACE HUGE DISASTERS FROM …

• EARTHQUAKES• FLOODS• SEVERE

WINDSTORMS• LANDSLIDES• VOLCANIC

ERUPTIONS• WILDFIRES• TSUNAMIS• DROUGHTS

• EARTHQUAKES• FLOODS• SEVERE

WINDSTORMS• LANDSLIDES• VOLCANIC

ERUPTIONS• WILDFIRES• TSUNAMIS• DROUGHTS

WHAT HISTORY TEACHESWHAT HISTORY TEACHES

• CITIES AND MEGACITIES EXIST BY GEOLOGIC, HYDROLOGIC, AND ATMOSPHERIC CONSENT, WHICH CAN BE WITHDRAWN WITHOUT NOTICE.

• CITIES AND MEGACITIES EXIST BY GEOLOGIC, HYDROLOGIC, AND ATMOSPHERIC CONSENT, WHICH CAN BE WITHDRAWN WITHOUT NOTICE.

A DISASTER OCCURS WHEN THE MEGACITY’S PUBLIC

POLICIES ALLOW IT TO BE …

UN—PREPARED

UN—PROTECTED

UN--WARNED

UN—ABLE TO RESPOND EFFECTIVELY

UN (NON)—RESILIENT IN RECOVERY

QUESTION

• WHAT IS A MEGACITY AND WHAT VULNERABILITY REDUCTION MEASURES WILL MAKE IT LESS VULNERABLE TO THE POTENTIAL DISASTER AGENTS OF A NATURAL HAZARD?

MEGACITIES IN 1900WORLD POPULATION:

1.6 BILLION


1.6 BILLION

• TOKYO: 21.9 M• NEW YORK: 15.6 M• MEXICO CITY: 13.9 M• SAO PAULO: 12.5 M• SHANGHAI: 11.7

• TOKYO: 21.9 M• NEW YORK: 15.6 M• MEXICO CITY: 13.9 M• SAO PAULO: 12.5 M• SHANGHAI: 11.7

• OSAKA: 10.0 M• BUENOS AIRES: 9.9 M• LOS ANGELES: 9.5 M• CALCUTA 9.0 M• BEIJING 9.0 M• SOURCE: THE

POPULATION INSTITUTE 2/3/01

• OSAKA: 10.0 M• BUENOS AIRES: 9.9 M• LOS ANGELES: 9.5 M• CALCUTA 9.0 M• BEIJING 9.0 M• SOURCE: THE



6 BILLION


6 BILLION

• TOKYO: 25.4 M• BOMBAY: 18.6 M• MEXICO CITY: 18.3 M• SAO PAULO: 18.0 M• NEW YORK: 16.7 M

• TOKYO: 25.4 M• BOMBAY: 18.6 M• MEXICO CITY: 18.3 M• SAO PAULO: 18.0 M• NEW YORK: 16.7 M

• LAGOS: 14.1 M• CALCUTA 13.2 M• LOS ANGELES: 13.2 M• SHANGHAI: 13.0 M• BUENOS AIRES: 12.7 M• SOURCE: THE


• LAGOS: 14.1 M• CALCUTA 13.2 M• LOS ANGELES: 13.2 M• SHANGHAI: 13.0 M• BUENOS AIRES: 12.7 M• SOURCE: THE



10 BILLION


10 BILLION

• BOMBAY: 28.5 M• TOKYO: 27.3 M• LAGOS: 26.5 M• DHAKA: 24.0 M• KARACHI: 21.7 M

• BOMBAY: 28.5 M• TOKYO: 27.3 M• LAGOS: 26.5 M• DHAKA: 24.0 M• KARACHI: 21.7 M

• SAO PAULO: 21.3 M • MEXICO CITY: 19.6 M• JAKARTA: 19.4• CALCUTA 18.8 M• NEW DEHLI: 18:4 M• SOURCE: THE


• SAO PAULO: 21.3 M • MEXICO CITY: 19.6 M• JAKARTA: 19.4• CALCUTA 18.8 M• NEW DEHLI: 18:4 M• SOURCE: THE


TOKYO IS A MEGACITY AT RISK FROM NATURAL HAZARDS

TOKYO IS A MEGACITY AT RISK FROM NATURAL HAZARDS

CAIRO IS A MEGACITY AT RISK FROM NATURAL HAZARDS

CAIRO IS A MEGACITY AT RISK FROM NATURAL HAZARDS

ISTHANBUL IS A MEGACITY AT RISK FROM NATURAL HAZARDSISTHANBUL IS A MEGACITY AT

RISK FROM NATURAL HAZARDS

ISTHANBUL: CAUSES OF VULNERABILITIES

ISTHANBUL: CAUSES OF VULNERABILITIES

• SIZE• FRAGILITY OF

EXISTING BUIDINGS/ INFRASTRUCTURE

• INADEQUATE PROTECTION MEASURES

• CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS AND PRACTICES

• SIZE• FRAGILITY OF

EXISTING BUIDINGS/ INFRASTRUCTURE

• INADEQUATE PROTECTION MEASURES

• CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS AND PRACTICES

SAN FRANCISCO: DEPENDENT ON TRANSPORTATION

SAN FRANCISCO: DEPENDENT ON TRANSPORTATION

• DAMAGE TO ONE SPAN OF THE BAY BRIDGE IN 1989 CHANGED THE LIVES OF MILLIONS AND DISRUPTED MANY BUSINESSES.

• NO ONE KNOWS THE TRUE COST.

• DAMAGE TO ONE SPAN OF THE BAY BRIDGE IN 1989 CHANGED THE LIVES OF MILLIONS AND DISRUPTED MANY BUSINESSES.

• NO ONE KNOWS THE TRUE COST.

LOS ANGELES: DEPENDENT ON UTILITY SYSTEMS

LOS ANGELES: DEPENDENT ON UTILITY SYSTEMS

• DAMAGE TO A UTILIYY CORRIDOR CAUSED WIDESPREAD OUTAGES OF POWER, GAS, WATER, AND WASTE CENTERS.

• OUTAGES LED TO LOSSES IN THE BILLIONS.

• DAMAGE TO A UTILIYY CORRIDOR CAUSED WIDESPREAD OUTAGES OF POWER, GAS, WATER, AND WASTE CENTERS.

• OUTAGES LED TO LOSSES IN THE BILLIONS.

SAN FRANCISCO: SUSCEPTIBLE TO FIRE

SAN FRANCISCO: SUSCEPTIBLE TO FIRE

MEGACITYMEGACITYMEGACITYMEGACITYDATA BASES DATA BASES AND INFORMATIONAND INFORMATIONDATA BASES DATA BASES AND INFORMATIONAND INFORMATION

HAZARDS: GROUND SHAKING GROUND FAILURE SURFACE FAULTING TECTONIC DEFORMATION TSUNAMI RUN UP AFTERSHOCKS

•NAT. HAZARDS•INVENTORY•VULNERABILITY•LOCATION

RISK ASSESSMENTRISK ASSESSMENT

RISK

ACCEPTABLE RISK

UNACCEPTABLE RISK

VULNERABILITY VULNERABILITY REDUCTONREDUCTON

•PREPAREDNESS•PRPTECTION•EARLY WARNING•EMERGENCY RESPONSE•RECOVERY •EDUCATIONAL SURGES

DISASTER DISASTER RESILIENCERESILIENCE

QUESTION

• CAN WE MAKE MEGACITIES MORE RESILIENT TO NATURAL HAZARDS?

YESBUT, IT IS A TIME-, PEOPLE-,, AND STAPLE- DEPENDENT

PROCESS!

INTERLOCKING CONCEPTS ON MEGACITIES AND NATURAL HAZARDS


• NATURAL HAZARDS, GENERATE POTENTIAL DISASTER AGENTS WHICH CREATE RISK TO THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT.

• THE CHOICE: LIVE WITH UNACCEPTABLE RISK OR ACCEPTABLE LEVELS OF RISK.

• NATURAL HAZARDS, GENERATE POTENTIAL DISASTER AGENTS WHICH CREATE RISK TO THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT.

• THE CHOICE: LIVE WITH UNACCEPTABLE RISK OR ACCEPTABLE LEVELS OF RISK.



• UNACCEPTABLE RISK CALLS FOR PUBLIC POLICIES TO REDUCE VULNER-ABILITIES.



• VULNERABILITIES REFLECT POLICY FLAWS WITH RESPECT TO PREPAREDNESS, PROTECTION, EARLY WARNING, EMERGENCY RESPONSE, AND RECOVERY



• PREPAREDNESS, PROTECTION, RESPONSE, AND RECOVERY ARE THE MOST EFFECTIVE MEASURES.

• BUT, THEY ARE HARD TO SELL TO THE PUBLIC AND TAKE TIME TO IMPLEMENT.

• PREPAREDNESS, PROTECTION, RESPONSE, AND RECOVERY ARE THE MOST EFFECTIVE MEASURES.

• BUT, THEY ARE HARD TO SELL TO THE PUBLIC AND TAKE TIME TO IMPLEMENT.

MEGACITY DISASTER RESILIENCEMEGACITY DISASTER RESILIENCEMEGACITY DISASTER RESILIENCEMEGACITY DISASTER RESILIENCE

WHAT’S NEEDED: A COMMON AGENDAWHAT’S NEEDED: A COMMON AGENDA(CA) OF TECHNICAL (CA) OF TECHNICAL

AND POLITICAL SOLUTIONSAND POLITICAL SOLUTIONS

WHAT’S NEEDED: A COMMON AGENDAWHAT’S NEEDED: A COMMON AGENDA(CA) OF TECHNICAL (CA) OF TECHNICAL

AND POLITICAL SOLUTIONSAND POLITICAL SOLUTIONS

TECHNICAL TECHNICAL SOLUTIONSSOLUTIONSTECHNICAL TECHNICAL SOLUTIONSSOLUTIONS

POLITICAL POLITICAL SOLUTIONSSOLUTIONSPOLITICAL POLITICAL

SOLUTIONSSOLUTIONS

CACA

THE EFFECTIVE SOLUTION FOR THE EFFECTIVE SOLUTION FOR GREATER DISASTER RESILIENCE GREATER DISASTER RESILIENCE THE EFFECTIVE SOLUTION FOR THE EFFECTIVE SOLUTION FOR

GREATER DISASTER RESILIENCE GREATER DISASTER RESILIENCE

FACT: BUILD ON EACH MEGACITY’S FACT: BUILD ON EACH MEGACITY’S UNIQUE STAPLE FACTORSUNIQUE STAPLE FACTORS

FACT: BUILD ON EACH MEGACITY’S FACT: BUILD ON EACH MEGACITY’S UNIQUE STAPLE FACTORSUNIQUE STAPLE FACTORS

TECHNICAL TECHNICAL SOLUTIONSSOLUTIONSTECHNICAL TECHNICAL SOLUTIONSSOLUTIONS

POLITICAL POLITICAL SOLUTIONSSOLUTIONSPOLITICAL POLITICAL

SOLUTIONSSOLUTIONS

STAPLE STAPLE FACTORSFACTORSSTAPLE STAPLE

FACTORSFACTORS

PPPP

TTTTSSSS

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CACA

A COMMUNITY’S STAPLE FACTORS ARE UNIQUE

• SOCIAL

• TECHNICAL

• ADMINISTRATIVE

• POLITICAL

• LEGAL

• ECONOMIC

Disaster Resilient Megacities

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