DISASTER DISASTER PREPAREDNESS PREPAREDNESS

IN ECHOIN ECHO

MadagascarMadagascarJanuary 2008January 2008

ECHO MANDATEECHO MANDATE

Humanitarian Aid regulation 1257/96 adopted in Humanitarian Aid regulation 1257/96 adopted in 19961996

Save and preserve lifeSave and preserve life during emergencies and during emergencies and their immediate aftermath, being man-made crisis or their immediate aftermath, being man-made crisis or natural disasters - natural disasters - article 2(a)article 2(a)

To carry out To carry out short term rehabilitationshort term rehabilitation and and reconstruction work, to help those affected regain a reconstruction work, to help those affected regain a minimum levelminimum level of of self-sufficiencyself-sufficiency, taking long , taking long term development objectives into account where term development objectives into account where possible – possible – article 2 (d)article 2 (d)

To ensure To ensure preparedness for risks of natural preparedness for risks of natural disastersdisasters and use a suitable rapid and use a suitable rapid early-warningearly-warning and intervention system – and intervention system – article 2 (f)article 2 (f)

Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR): To minimize vulnerabilities and disaster risks, to avoid (prevention) or to limit (mitigation and preparedness) the adverse impacts of hazards.

DG ECHO core mandate

DG ECHO core mandate

Part 1Part 1

MAIN CONCEPTS MAIN CONCEPTS

in in

Disaster Risk Disaster Risk Reduction Reduction

PREPARACIONCapacidad de respuesta(COPING CAPACITY)

MITIGACIONVulnerabilidad F ísica

Vulnerabilidad contextual PREVENCIONAMENAZA

Los componentes de la gesti ó n del

riesgoLos componentes del DESASTRE

PREPAREDNESS Coping Capacities

MITIGATIONPhysical Vulnerability

Contextual Vulnerability PREVENTIONHAZARD

Risk managementcomponentsDisaster components

Cc

VcVpHsRisk

PREPAREDNESSPREPAREDNESSReinforcement of capacity to respond by the local actors before the external aid arrives.

•Training : search and rescue teams, provision of material and equipment, organisation of simulation exercises, …

•Awareness campaigns with the population (i.e: at schools) to recognise disaster risks & necessary measures.

•Early warning systems (collection of hydrometric data, communication systems, awareness signs, etc…).

•Technical surveys (mapping of villages/risks/existing structures,…). •Institutional building : reinforce regional information sharing and coordination between different actors

MITIGATIONMITIGATIONTo limit/minimise the averse impact of natural, environmental, technological hazards by reducing the physical vulnerability of the existing sites / infrastructures :

•Small scale pilot projects and easy to replicate models: costal reforestation, construction of protection walls along water streams, building of elevated platforms for key village assets (i.e: water points) to face flooding, reinforcement of bridges to allow quick evacuation of people, …

•Support to creation of infrastructures for emergency intervention: community shelters, water reservoirs, …

PREVENTIONPREVENTION

Improvement of decision making and reduction of vulnerabilities at a more global level. Includes: • planning (i.e site planning)

• legal measures (i.e : construction codes)

• infrastructure works (i.e: dams, retrofitting,…), etc.

Part 2Part 2

ECHO’S POSITIONECHO’S POSITION

DISASTER PREPAREDNESSDISASTER PREPAREDNESS IN ECHO IN ECHO

Three pillars at the level of vulnerable Three pillars at the level of vulnerable

populations:populations:

1.1. Disaster preparedness programme DIPECHO Disaster preparedness programme DIPECHO

2.2. Working with EC Delegation, Advocacy Working with EC Delegation, Advocacy towards other Commission services and outsidetowards other Commission services and outside

3.3. Integration of disaster preparedness elements Integration of disaster preparedness elements in ECHO´s main activitiesin ECHO´s main activities integration of integration of DP component in relief operations DP component in relief operations (as done (as done for response to cyclones in 2007 in for response to cyclones in 2007 in Madagascar)Madagascar)

1. DIPECHO1. DIPECHO PROGRAMMEPROGRAMME

Created in 1996 in the context of the UN International Created in 1996 in the context of the UN International Decade for prevention of natural disasters. Decade for prevention of natural disasters.

DIPECHO global DIPECHO global Budget 2007 = € Budget 2007 = € 19.5 M19.5 M (8M in 1998). (8M in 1998). Focus on Focus on preparednesspreparedness and and small-scale mitigationsmall-scale mitigation

work: “work: “Community-based approachCommunity-based approach” is central to the ” is central to the strategy but also contributes to regional/international DR strategy but also contributes to regional/international DR promotion.promotion.

DIPECHO covers DIPECHO covers 66 regions up to now,regions up to now, considered more considered more vulnerable to natural disasters: Andean Community, vulnerable to natural disasters: Andean Community, Caribbean, Central America, Central Asia, South and Caribbean, Central America, Central Asia, South and South East AsiaSouth East Asia

Bi-annual programme Bi-annual programme by region whenever applicable by region whenever applicable in 2007: Andean Community, Caribbean, Central America in 2007: Andean Community, Caribbean, Central America and South Asia. Regions targeted for 2008: South East and South Asia. Regions targeted for 2008: South East Asia, Central America, SE Africa and SW Indian OceanAsia, Central America, SE Africa and SW Indian Ocean

Central AsiaFloods,

Droughts,Earthquakes,

Landslides

Andean communityFloods,

Volcanoes,“El Niño”,

Tsunamis,Landslides

CarribbeanFloods,

Hurricanes,Earthquakes,Volcanoes,

South East AsiaFloods,

HurricanesDroughts,

Earthquakes,Hazes

Tsunami

Central AmericaFloods,

Hurricanes,Droughts,

Volcanoes,Earthquakes,Landslides

South AsiaFloods,

Hurricanes,Tornado,Droughts,

Earthquakes,Tsunami

Regions targeted by ECHO’s disaster preparedness programme, and the major risks they face

DIPECHO Action Plan DIPECHO Action Plan Process Process

Consultation with other EC services and Delegations

Submission of proposal and selection

Guidelines

National/Regional Consultative meetings

(NCM)

Decision with HAC

consultation

Project duration: 15 months

Two yearprocess

Characteristics of ECHO’s funding to Characteristics of ECHO’s funding to disaster preparedness disaster preparedness

• Focus on the most vulnerable groups in high-risk Focus on the most vulnerable groups in high-risk countriescountries

• Short-term, community-based and people-centred Short-term, community-based and people-centred preparedness preparedness

• Create awareness, provide trainings and build local Create awareness, provide trainings and build local capacitiescapacities

• Very concrete, very practical - strong local ownership Very concrete, very practical - strong local ownership • Support to national and regional coordinationSupport to national and regional coordination

ECHO projects are designed as PILOT strategies for their region. Their impact is multiplied when the strategies are systematically integrated into long term development planning and projects

2. ADVOCACY2. ADVOCACY

EU member states, EC services, other EU member states, EC services, other bilateral donorsbilateral donors

UN ISDR, other UN organisationsUN ISDR, other UN organisations International Financial InstitutionsInternational Financial Institutions National authorities and local National authorities and local

authoritiesauthorities IFRC and national RC societiesIFRC and national RC societies NGO partnersNGO partners

Complimentarity with other Commission services

PREVENTION

MITIGATION

PREPAREDNESS

DEV / RELEXet al

ECHO

Longer term instruments of the Longer term instruments of the EC, including RELEX / DEV / EC, including RELEX / DEV /

AIDCOAIDCOare better placed to work withare better placed to work with ::

• National and regional National and regional programmesprogrammes

• Programmes of institutional Programmes of institutional naturenature

• Medium & long term Medium & long term programmesprogrammes

• Prevention and large scalePrevention and large scale mitigation programmesmitigation programmes

Working in close relationship with EC Working in close relationship with EC Delegations, DG ECHO give a specific Delegations, DG ECHO give a specific emphasis to the following project emphasis to the following project strategies:strategies:

Community - based approaches.Community - based approaches. Co-operation with local actors.Co-operation with local actors. Remote and vulnerable populations not Remote and vulnerable populations not

necessarily considered a priority for other necessarily considered a priority for other stakeholders. stakeholders.

Post crisis contexts where the population is Post crisis contexts where the population is more receptive to risk reduction measures.more receptive to risk reduction measures.

Complimentarity with other Commission services

3. Mainstreaming3. Mainstreaming

Preparedness reflected in relief responses

Affected and vulnerable groups are often eager to engage

Building back better - do no harm