Disaster Management

What is a Flood?

• A flood is natural phenomena caused by rain, heavy thunderstorms and thawing(dissolve) of snow.

• India is one of the highly flood prone countries in the world.

• Water Resources Management includes Management of these Disasters.

• When floods happen in an area that people live, the water carries along objects like houses, bridges, cars, furniture and even people. It can wipe away farms, trees and many more heavy items.

Flood Management

I. Structural Measures• Dams & Reservoirs• Embankment• Channel Improvement• River Diversion• Intern Basin Transfer• Anti Erosion Works

2. Non Structural Measures• Flood Forecasting & Warning• Flood Plan Zoning• Flood Proofing• Flood Insurance• Relief & Rehabilitation

How does flooding start and end?

• The shore or land by or surrounding a body of water erodes and this erosion causes wave currents that result in a flood.

• Flood could be slow or fast but usually occur over a matter of days

• Flood disasters have been increased because of the expansion of settlements and growth in floodplains.

Characteristics of a Flood

A number of criteria determine the dangers of a flood.

• Velocity- High velocities of flow create erosive and can destroy foundations.

• Depth of Water- Floatation, failures on foundation, vegetation survival etc.

• Rate of Rise- The rate at which water level increases.

• Seasonal- The land during growing season, the effects on agriculture productions.

Nodal Agencies for Disaster Management

• Floods : Ministry of Water Resources, CWC

• Cyclones : Indian Meteorological Department

• Earthquakes : Indian Meteorological Department

• Epidemics : Ministry of Health and Family Welfare

• Avian Flu: Ministry of Health, Ministry of Environment, Ministry of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry

New Directions for Disaster Management in India

• The National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) has been set up as the apex body for Disaster Management in India, with the Prime Minister as its Chairman.

• Disaster Management Authorities will be set up at the State and District Levels to be headed by the Chief Ministers and Collectors/Zilla Parishad Chairmen respectively.

• A National Disaster Mitigation Fund will be administerd by NDMA. States and districts will administer mitigation funds.

Components for Disaster Management

Preparation for Flood• Learn about your community's emergency

plans, warning signals, evacuation routes, and locations of emergency shelters.

• For drains, toilets, and other sewer connections, install backflow valves or plugs to prevent floodwaters from entering.

• Plan and practice a flood evacuation route with your family. Ask an out-of-state relative or friend to be the "family contact" in case your family is separated during a flood. Make sure everyone in your family knows the name, address, and phone number of this contact person.

• Post emergency phone numbers at every phone.

Emergency Supplies You Will Need

• You should stock your home with supplies that may be needed during the emergency period. At a minimum, these supplies should include:

1. Several clean containers for water, large enough for a 3-5 day supply of water

2. A first aid kit and manual and prescription medicines and special medical needs.

3. A 3-5 day supply of non-perishable food and a non-electric can opener.

4. Personal hygiene supplies, such as soap, toothpaste, sanitary napkins, etc.

5. Sleeping bags or extra blankets. 6. A battery-powered radio, flashlights, and extra

batteries.

If You Are Ordered to Evacuate

You should never ignore an evacuation order. Authorities will direct you to leave if you are in a low-lying area, or within the greatest potential path of the rising waters;

• Take only essential items with you. • If you have time, turn off the gas, electricity, and water. • Disconnect appliances to prevent electrical shock when

power is restored. • Follow the designated evacuation routes and expect

heavy traffic. • Do not attempt to drive or walk across creeks or flooded

roads.

Reference

• http://agritech.tnau.ac.in/agriculture/agri_majorareas_disastermgt_flood.html

• https://onlinegeography.wikispaces.com/file/view/FP%20Zoning.jpg/358462483/561x249/FP%20Zoning.jpg

• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flood

Thank You