Disability inclusion rapid assessment report - reliefweb.int · ASB supported and monitored the...
Transcript of Disability inclusion rapid assessment report - reliefweb.int · ASB supported and monitored the...
A rapid assessment focusing on disability inclusion in humanitarian action at Lombok Island of
West Nusa Tenggara Province in Indonesia was conducted from the 8th to 11th of August
2018 following the 7.0 Magnitude on the Richter scale earthquake which hit the island on
August 5th, 2018 in Lombok. The asessment was conducted by the Disabled People's
Organisations of West Nusa Tenggara, Disability Inclusion Service Unit of Central Java
Disaster Management Agency (Unit LIDi BPBD Jawa Tengah) and supported by Arbeiter –
Samariter - Bund (ASB) Indonesia and the Philippines.
The objectives of the response were:
Ÿ To provide capacity building to the Lombok Disabled People's Organisations (DPOs) on
basic disaster management and an inclusive rapid needs assessment through
introductory trainings; Ÿ To support local DPOs' active involvement in Command Post and relevant cluster
coordination meetings, and provide wider opportunities for DPOs networking with
humanitarian actors as a way of influencing a more inclusive humanitarian assistance; Ÿ To mentor the DPOs to identify needs and gaps on inclusion in humanitarian assistance
through an inclusive rapid needs assessment; Ÿ To raise awareness for people being left behind during the response;Ÿ To provide practical recommendations on how to reach “hidden populations” during
emergency response; andŸ To disseminate the assessment findings and relevant recommendations with key
humanitarian agencies for a more inclusive humanitarian asisstance practices.
5 KEY
INCLUSION MUSTS
Identification
Accessibility
Meaningful Participation
Empowerment
Rights
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You can identify many problems in these pictures.
What you cannot see are “hidden persons” who have
no access to humanitarian asisstance although their
needs are amongst the highest. These “hidden persons”
might include older people or persons with disabilities.
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PEOPLE ARE BEING LEFT BEHIND
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“Not all individuals within a crisis-affected population have equal
power, influence, or control of resources. Given these differences,
it is important to ensure the inclusion of all individuals and groups
within a community by considering age, gender and diversity.”
Sphere Handbook Draft 2 for consultation, October 2017
“Some 15 per cent of the world's population is living with
some kind of disability today, and more than 1 in 8 people are
already over the age of 60, with that number rising.
The exclusion of older people and persons with disabilities from
humanitarian assistance – or unintentionally hindering
their access to such assistance – is much more than a blind spot;
in reality it undermines the fundamental principle of impartiality
and contributes to discrimination rather than supporting recovery.”
Christine Knudsen, Director of The Sphere Project
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1. Identification (especially on disaggregated data collection)
In general, there is a limited awareness and practice in identifying persons with
disabilities within the response.
Few actors are collecting Gender, Age and Disability Disaggregated Data (GADDD). In
particular, no standardised format to collect disability data.
Local DPOs are potential partner in collecting disability data using The Short Set of
Washington Group Questions (WGQ - http://www.washingtongroup-disability.com/
washington-group-question-sets/short-set-of-disability-questions/) to identify persons
with disabilities from functioning limitations perspectives in conjunction with existing
National Census Data as a reference.
Recommendations:
Coordinate and collaborate with local DPOs
Utilise networks and data which are owned by local DPOs to identify and potentially
involve persons with disabilities in the affected area
Capacitate local DPOs on rapid need assessments and WGQ
A dapt the Short Set of Washington Group Questions into existing assessment tool and
exercise how to them
Ask persons with disabilities in the affected area whether he or she happens to know
other persons with functioning limitations including people who are not identified as
persons with disabilities within the community (snow-ball sampling)
Capacitate and support local DPOs to lead an inclusive rapid needs assessments
in the affected area
Analyse WGQ results to identify risk levels of affected people who have difficulty
understanding information and/or act upon information received.
KEY FINDINGS SUMMARY
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2. ACCESIBILITY (physical and to information)
Insufficient measures of physical access for persons with disabilities in humanitarian
assistance. The Assessment team faced physical barriers in accessing the evacuation
location due to geographical conditions, for example: many of the affected community
lived in the hilly side and narrow access with so many debrises, which had not being
removed from the main road/access.
Limited access for information especially for the deaf persons and volunteers when
met with persons with hearing difficulties, who could not read or limited understanding
on Indonesian Sign Language (BISINDO).
Environmental conditions in the affected area are challenging and can be barriers for
the DPOs when conducting an assessment.
Recommendations:
“Nothing about us without us” – involve most at risk groups – follow Sphere and
ensure a people centred approach
Actively involve local DPOs in ensuring accessibility in humanitarian assistance for
persons with disabilities and other most-at risk groups
Adapt assessment forms to become fully accessible (include a variety of tools like
online data collection, for example KoBo Toolbox/
https://www.kobotoolbox.org/; beside manual sheets)
Apply questions related to accessibility into the assessment form incorporating all
sectors of humanitarian action
C onsider capacities and functioning limitations of persons with disabilities of the
assessment team. Consider also that they might be psycho-socially affected by
the disaster
3. MEANINGFUL PARTICIPATION
Limited to no participation from persons with disabilities or DPOs within humanitarian
response and humanitarian agency coordination meetings
KEY FINDINGS SUMMARY
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L imited to no participation or even consultation with persons with disabilities in
community activities prior to and during the emergency situation
Recommendations:
Coordination with local DPOs and provide capacity building through introductory
trainings on basic disaster management, Sphere, Humanitarian Inclusion Standards
and rapid assessment tools
S upport and mentor local DPOs to lead the assessment and actively involve in
coordination meetings with key humanitarian agencies
Involve persons with disabilities or DPOs in other humanitarian response activities
by considering their capacities and reasonable accomodation required
Apply questions related to participation into the assessment form; how persons
with disabilities and other most at-risk groups can be involved in activities in the
affected community using their knowledge and skills
Improve accessibility for persons with disabilities to increase their participation in
social activities in the affected communities
I nvolve DPOs in educating community and humanitarian actors for the reduction
of social barriers and inclusion
KEY FINDINGS SUMMARY
4. EMPOWERMENT
Persons with disabilities have knowledge and skills that are not being
recognised
H umanitarian actors and DPOs usually don't know much about each other
Recommendations:
Facilitate direct interactions between most at-risk groups and humanitarian action
stakeholders whenever possible
A pply humanitarian standards such as Sphere – a correct application should
minimize that people are being left behind
KEY FINDINGS SUMMARY
Support persons with disabilities and the most at-risk groups through capacity
building according to their passion and needs
A ssess local DPOs in affected areas and identify their capacities
Humanitarian agencies should collaborate with local DPOs as key partners to
mainstream inclusion in humanitarian action
5. RIGHTS
Persons with disabilities are usually not aware of their rights. Indonesia ratified the
UN Convention of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UN CRPD) in the year 2011
and has passed a new law, Law Number 8 of 2016 on Persons with Disabilities.
Further, the National Disaster Management Agency of Indonesia (BNPB) in 2014
has legalised a supporting regulation to promote assistance, protection and
participation of persons with disabilities in disaster management
There is almost no knowledge on Humanitarian Inclusion
Standards for older people and persons with disabilities
– the handbook (https://www.cbm.org/article/downloads/
54741/Humanitarian_inclusion_standards_for_older_
people_and_people_with_disabi....pdf Sphere companion
Standard) is not yet translated into Bahasa Indonesia
There is almost no risk reduction information available related to earthquake safety
procedures that are inclusive to persons with disabilities
Affected persons do not know on how to give feedback on humanitarian action
provided
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Recommendations:
Include assessment questions related to the rights, protection from upcoming hazard,
discrimination, psychological support and physical abuse into the assessment form
C hildren and persons who have communication limitations must be accompanied by
carers or family member if being asked/involved in the assessment
H umanitarian actors set up safe and dignified feedback mechanisms
C onduct short trainings on Sphere and Age and Disability Inclusion in
Humanitarian Action for humanitarian actors.
The following key findings are based on interviews with 40 Persons with Disabilities in the affected area of
West Lombok and North Lombok Regency
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Priority needs
Risk of lacking access to information and lacking capacity to act accordingly
have difficulties to receive and
understand information
have difficulties to perform
in daily activities
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Using assistive devices
Accessibility needs to support daily activities
Condition of the assistive devices after earthquake
METHODOLOGY
Use secondary data from the BNPB database (http://bnpb.cloud/dibi/sp2010) to
to estimate the numbers of affected population (male, female) and the most at-risk
groups such as households led by older people, households led by women,
number of persons who have difficulty seeing, hearing, walking, remembering and
self-care.
1-day coordination and short training for DPO representatives at the office of
Indonesian Association of Women with Disabilities in Mataram
Observation and listening.
S urvey & semi-structured interviews with 40 persons with disabilities in
West Lombok Regency at District of Gunung Sari, Batu Layar and Labu Api
A ssessments were undertaken by 4 teams (2-3 persons each team) of DPO
representatives and Disability Service Unit of Central Java Disaster Management.
Authority. ASB supported and monitored the assessment and data analysis processes.
M entoring DPO representatives involved in coordination meetings at the
Command Post and networking with humanitarian actors.
Using manual and online-offline survey tool (kobotoolbox) to collect data.
Enabling DPOs to be involved in the coordination mechanism
A massive action was taken immediately after the 7.0 S.R. earthquake hit Lombok Island,
lead by National Disaster Management Agency (BNPB) to ensure the emergency response
taken effectively and basic needs are fulfilled in timely manner. An emergency coordination
was set up immediately involving all humanitarian actors and related ministries in the
affected area.
West Nusa Tenggara Province (NTB) Governor already declared emergency response
period until August 25th, 2018. According to BNPB's spokesperson during Press
Conference, BNPB encouraged local humanitarian partners and private sectors to liaise
directly with Local Disaster Management Agency (BPBDs) command posts on-site.
Incident Command Post(s) have been established by local disaster management
organizations (BPBDs) on scene. The National Disaster Management Agency (BNPB)
had established National Assisting Post (Pospenas) in Supersemar Field, Tanjung District,
in front of North Lombok Head of Office District to give assistance to Government of NTB
for managing humanitarian response .
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In order to introduce the DPOs in Lombok to be involved in coordination mechanism,
ASB took two representative from DPOs from Women Disability Organization (HWDI)
and Deaf Organization (GERKATIN) of NTB to attend the coordination meeting, lead by
Head of BNPB. It was also a strategic action to raise awareness about the accessibility
of the Emergency Command Post for persons with disabilities. The BNPB and all
humanitarian actors were all aware that our partners could voice the immediate needs
of persons with disabilities affected by the earthquake. Nothing about us without us was
truly shared in the process, that our DPOs partners were involved in the rapid need
assessment process.
The assessment team
Male12 persons
Female3 persons
Sex: Age:
21 - 30
31 - 40
41 - 60
4 persons
2 persons
9 persons
Functioning limitations:
walking9 persons
seeing1 persons
hearing3 persons
no difficulty2 persons
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The National Disaster Management Agency (BNPB) had established a National Assisting
Post (Pospenas) to provide technical assistance to the local government in managing and
coordinating humanitarian response.
I ndonesian Armed Force has dispatched 3 aircrafts with around 200 personnel to support
search and rescue & medical assistance. Ship Hospital Dr. Soeharso (990) was enroute
to Lombok Island.
National Search and Rescue Agency BASARNAS) has dispatched additional 320
personnels to Lombok.
Crisis Team of Ministry of Tourism is assisting evacuation of domestic and foreign tourists.
The Ministry of Social Affairs has activated, coordinated and accompanied the Refugee
and Protection Cluster in an effort to collect data on refugees, need assessment,
psychosocial support, encourage the fulfillment of food needs through public kitchens
and food distribution, as well as support the provision of temporary shelter. The Lombok
Earthquake Disaster Victims Handling Team was established within the Directorate
General of Social Security Protection (Linjamsos) to conduct data mentoring and
verification processes until the emergency response period ends.
Indonesian Electrical Company (PLN) undertook emergency efforts to resume electrical
supplies in the areas. Ngurah Rai International Airport (DPS) and Lombok International
Airport (LPQ) resumed its normal operations.
BNPB released the daily updated data of the number of affected people and infrastructure.
Link is provided in: https://bnpb.go.id/english-lombok-earthquake
According to Health Crisis Center, Ministry of Health, medical services in North Lombok
Regency collapsed. Field hospitals have been established.
Key Actions Taken by Government of Indonesia:
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Ministry of Education established emergency school immediately to restore the function of
education activities. No school activities as at today. State Minister of Public Housing has
started working on cleaning the debrises in the main road for ensuring the logistics
accessibility to the affected areas. Tents, temporary latrines and clean water distribution
were accelerated to support the basic needs of the affected people
(https://bnpb.go.id/en/government-gave-financial-assistance-to-repair-damaged-houses-
to-1191-homeowners-in-lombok)
The Ministry of Home Affairs through the Directorate General of Village Government
Development has sent a team to collect data on village office infrastructure affected
by the earthquake.
Market recovery would be the main concern of the Local Government to restore the
livelihood activities. Economic loses could be found in provided link:
https://bnpb.go.id/en/impact-of-the-lombok-earthquake-436-died-and-economic-losses
-of-more-than-idr-504-trillion
2,408 volunteers were mobilized mostly to North Lombok, East Lombok and
West Lombok from total 240 organizations or CSOs.
Ary AnantaProject Coordinator
ASB Indonesia-Philippines+ 62 (0) 81 328 076 089
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