Safety Work Inclined Planes Skeletal System Muscular System.
Directional Planes and Muscular System
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Directional Planes and Muscular System
description
Directional Planes and Muscular System. Directions, Planes, and Regions. Directional Terms Anterior or ventral – front side of the body. Posterior or dorsal – back side of the body. Inferior – below another structure. Superior – above another structure. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Transcript of Directional Planes and Muscular System
Directional Planes and Muscular System
Chapter 6 2
Directions, Planes, and Regions
Directional Terms
• Anterior or ventral – front side of the body.
• Posterior or dorsal – back side of the body.
• Inferior – below another structure.• Superior – above another structure.
Chapter 6 3
Directions, Planes, and Regions (cont.)
Planes of the Body
• Sagittal plane – divides the body into 2 parts, right and left.
• Frontal or coronal plane – divides the body into anterior and posterior sections.
Directions, Planes, and Regions (cont.)
• Transverse plane – divides the body horizontally into a top, or superior, part and a bottom, or inferior, part.
• Midsagittal plane – divides the body into equal right and left sides.
Chapter 6 5
Directions, Planes, and Regions (cont.)
Chapter 6 6
Directions, Planes, and Regions (cont.)
• Regions of the Abdominal Cavity• Epigastric region.• Hypochondriac regions, left and
right.• Umbilical region.• Lumbar regions, left and right.• Hypogastric region.• Illiac, or inguinal, regions left
and right.
Chapter 6 7
Directions, Planes, and Regions (cont.)
Chapter 6 8
Directions, Planes, and Regions (cont.)
Right upper quadrant (RUQ)
Right lower quadrant (RLQ)
Left upper quadrant (LUQ)
Left lower quadrant (LLQ)
Abdominal Quadrants
Chapter 6 9
The Muscular System
• Consists of over 600 individual muscles.
• Muscles produce movement by shortening in length or contracting.
Chapter 6 10
The Muscular System (cont.)
• Three types of muscles
• Involuntary (Smooth) – cannot be controlled by will.
• Cardiac – control the contractions of the heart.
• Voluntary (Skeletal) – can be controlled by will.
Chapter 6 11
The Muscular System (cont.)
Voluntary or Skeletal Muscles
• Maintain posture, protect internal organs, and produce heat and energy for the body.
• Origin – attachment of a muscle to a stationary bone.
• Insertion – attachment of a muscle to a moveable bone.
• Produce movements such as flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and rotation.
Chapter 6 12
Muscle TissueThere are three types of muscle tissue: skeletal, smooth, and cardiac.
Muscle UseHow is the person in each frame using involuntary and voluntary muscles?
Chapter 6 13
Chapter 6 14
Types of Muscle TissueIdentify the type of muscle tissue in each body structure.
Muscles Moving Bones• Muscles and bones work together and make the body move.
Chapter 6 15
Muscle Pairs
Chapter 6 16
When the arm is bent at the elbow, the biceps contracts while the triceps relaxes. What happens to each muscle when the arm is straightened?
Chapter 6 17
The Muscular System (cont.)• Diseases and Disorders
• Strain – overuse of a muscle and/or tendon.
• Fibromyalgia – a chronic pain in muscles.
• Bursitis – an inflammation of the bursa surrounding a joint.
The Muscular System (cont.)
Diseases and Disorders• Tendonitis – an inflammation of a tendon in
a joint caused by overwork.
• Dislocation – may result from an injury or strenuous, sudden movement.
• Muscular dystrophy – a group of inherited diseases that cause progressive weakness and disability.
