Direct Object Pronouns

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Direct Object Pronouns. Direct Object Pronouns. A direct object answers the question “what?” or “whom?” John saw the book. John saw what? – John saw the book. John saw Mary. John saw whom? – John saw Mary. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Transcript of Direct Object Pronouns

Page 1: Direct  Object  Pronouns
Page 2: Direct  Object  Pronouns

A direct object answers the question “what?” or “whom?”

John saw the book.John saw what? – John saw the

book.John saw Mary.John saw whom? – John saw Mary.

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OK, before we get into direct object pronouns, let’s take a look at something Spanish does that English doesn’t with direct object nouns:

Veo la flor.Veo a Juan.Veo el libro.

Veo a mi amiga.

Notice how there’s an “a” in two of the sentences but not in the other two? Can you guess why?

The answer is that whenever the direct object noun is a PERSON, you put “a” in front of it. That’s called a “personal a.” You DON’T put it in front of the direct object noun if it isn’t a person.

Leo el libro. Veo a Elisa.Estudio historia Ayudo a mi novio.Hablo español. Necesito a la profesora.

Now on to direct object pronouns . . .

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A pronoun takes the place of a noun:

John saw the book.John saw it.John and Tim saw Mary.John and Tim saw her.

“It” and “her” are direct object pronouns, because they replace direct objects. Subject pronouns replace subjects:

John saw the book.He saw the book.John and Tim saw Mary.They saw Mary.

“He” and “they” are subject pronouns, because they replace subjects.

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Spanish pronouns look different from English pronouns, of course, but work exactly the same way.

Subject Pronouns Direct Object Pronouns

I we me us

you y’all you y’all

he, she, it they him, her, it them

yo nosotros me nos

tú vosotros te os

él, ella, Ud. ellos, Uds. lo, la los, las

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The one “trick” to remember is that in Spanish direct object pronouns come BEFORE the verb.

John reads . – John reads . BUT Juan lee . – Juan lee.

John reads . – John reads . BUT Juan lee . – Juan lee.

John reads the letter. – John reads it.Juan lee la carta. – Juan lee.John reads the letters. – John reads them.Juan lee las cartas. – Juan las lee.

“Libro” is masculine singular, so you replace it with a masculine singular pronoun “lo”; “carta” is feminine singular, so you replace it with a feminine singular pronoun “la”; etc.

el libro lothe book it

the books themlos libros los

itlo

themlos

la

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If you have an infinitive or a present participle, you can attach the pronoun to the end of it, but you don’t have to:

Juan quiere leer el libro. – Juan lo quiere leer.OR

Juan quiere leerlo.

Juan está leyendo el libro. – Juan lo está leyendo. OR

Juan está leyéndolo.

What you CAN’T do is put the pronoun between the two verbs.

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Examples of sentences with direct object pronouns:

Juan me necesita. – Juan needs me.

Juan te necesita. – Juan needs you.

Juan lo necesita. – Juan needs him (or it).

Juan la necesita. – Juan needs her (or it).

Juan nos necesita. – Juan needs us.

Juan os necesita. – Juan needs y’all.

Juan los necesita. – Juan needs them (or y’all – Uds.).

Juan las necesita. – Juan needs them (or y’all – Uds.).

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I seriously suggest you go through these carefully, answering them on paper. This is hard material for 95% of my students, and I wouldn’t put my money on being part of the 5% if I were

you.

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Juan

Elena

Roberto

Alberto

¿Quién lleva el abrigo? Elena lo lleva.

¿Quién lleva los pantalones? Juan los lleva.

¿Quién lleva la corbata? Roberto la lleva.

¿Quién lleva la camiseta? Alberto la lleva.

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TúJuana

Juan

Alicia¿Quién te comprende? Juana . . . Juana me comprende.

¿Quién te necesita? Alicia . . . Alicia me necesita.

¿Quién te escucha? Juan . . . Juan me escucha.

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YoSusana

Teresa

Roberto¿Quién me comprende? Susana . . . Susana te comprende.

¿Quién me necesita? Roberto . . . Roberto te necesita.

¿Quién me escucha? Teresa . . . Teresa te escucha.

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Vosotros

Yo¿Os escucho? Sí, . . . Sí, nos escuchas.

¿Os comprendo? Sí, . . . Sí, nos comprendes.

¿Os miro? Sí, . . . Sí, nos miras.

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¿Dónde compras el reloj? Lo compro en Wal-mart.

¿Cuándo lees los libros? Los leo ahora.

¿Dónde comes la banana? La como en la cafetería.

¿Cuándo escribes las cartas? Las escribo a las tres.

en Wal-mart

ahora

en la cafetería

a las tres

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