• DIRECTDIRECT• Am, is, areAm, is, are• Shall/willShall/will• CanCan• MayMay• MustMust• Have/has toHave/has to• Ought toOught to

• INDIRECT • Was/were• Should/would• Could• Might

• Had to

CHANGES OF ADVERB OF TIME & PLACE

• DIRECTDIRECT• NOWNOW• TOMORROWTOMORROW• NEXT WEEKNEXT WEEK• TONIGHTTONIGHT• TODAYTODAY• YESTERDAYYESTERDAY• LAST NIGHTLAST NIGHT• LAST WEEKLAST WEEK• HEREHERE• THISTHIS• THESETHESE

• INDIRECT • THEN• THE FOLLOWING DAY• THE FOLLOWING WEEK• THAT NIGHT• THAT DAY• THE DAY BEFORE• THE NIGHT BEFORE• THE WEEK BEFORE• THERE• THAT• THOSE

CHANGES OF TENSES

• DIRECTDIRECT• SIMPLE PRESENTSIMPLE PRESENT• SIMPLE PASTSIMPLE PAST• PRESENT PERFECTPRESENT PERFECT• PRESENT PRESENT

CONTINUOUSCONTINUOUS• PRESENT PERFECT PRESENT PERFECT

CONT.CONT.• SIMPLE FUTURESIMPLE FUTURE

• INDIRECT • SIMPLE PAST• PAST PERFECT• PAST PERFECT• PAST CONTINUOUS• PAST PERFECT CONT.

• PAST FUTURE

1. STATEMENT

HE SAIDHE SAID TO ME

HE TOLD METHAT REPORTED WORDS

STATEMENT EXAMPLE

• DIRECTDIRECT• They said to me: “we are They said to me: “we are

going to visit Borobudur going to visit Borobudur tomorrow.” tomorrow.”

• Jeffry said: “I didn’t go to Jeffry said: “I didn’t go to school today. school today.

• Anne told Agus: “My father Anne told Agus: “My father got angry with me last got angry with me last night.night.

• INDIRECT • They said to me that

they were going to visit Borobudur the following day.

• Jeffry said that he hadn’t gone to school that day.

• Anne told Agus that her father had got angry with her the night before.

STATEMENT Exception:If the introductory sentence is in the Present Tense, there won’t

be any changes in the Reported (Indirect) speech .

• DIRECTDIRECT• Cindy says: “ I will come to Cindy says: “ I will come to

your house tonight.”your house tonight.”

• Indra says: “I have seen Indra says: “I have seen that film for twice.” that film for twice.”

• ““Dessy says: “I meet my Dessy says: “I meet my boyfriend every saturday.”boyfriend every saturday.”

• Chandra says: “I don’t like Chandra says: “I don’t like sport.”sport.”

• INDIRECT • Cindy says that she

will come to my house tonight

• Indra says that he has seen that film for twice.

• Dessy says that she meets her boyfriend every Saturday.

• Chandra says that he doesn’t like sport.

HE ASKED MEHE TOLD ME TO INFIVITIVE

COMMAND EXAMPLE

• DIRECTDIRECT• The teacher asked me: The teacher asked me:

Open your book page Open your book page 65!” 65!”

• Siska asked Manu: “give Siska asked Manu: “give me a piece of paper”! me a piece of paper”!

• ““Ronny told him: “call Ronny told him: “call me tonight!me tonight!

• INDIRECT • The teacher asked me

to open my book page 65.

• Siska asked Manu to give her a piece of paper.

• Ronny told him to call him that night.

HE ASKED MEHE TOLD ME NOT TO INFIVITIVE

COMMAND EXAMPLE

• DIRECTDIRECT• Santy asked Edy: Don’t Santy asked Edy: Don’t

leave me alone leave me alone anymore!” anymore!”

• Valenxia asked Indra: Valenxia asked Indra: “Don’t hurt me “Don’t hurt me anymore”! anymore”!

• ““Subhan told them: Subhan told them: “Don’t disturb me!“Don’t disturb me!

• INDIRECT • Santy asked Edy not

to leave her alone anymore.

• Valenxia asked Indra not to hurt her anymore.

• Subhan told them not to disturb him.

HE ASKED ME IF/WHETHER S + V + COMPLEMENT

A. Yes/No Question Example

• DIRECTDIRECT• Ricky asked Henry: Does Ricky asked Henry: Does

your father work near your father work near here?” here?”

• Mr. Bean asked Cyntia: Mr. Bean asked Cyntia: “have you collected your “have you collected your homework?”homework?”

• Dessy asked William: Dessy asked William: “can you accompany me “can you accompany me to Lippo tonight?to Lippo tonight?

• INDIRECT • Ricky asked Henry

if/whether his father worked near there.

• Mr. Bean asked Cyntia if/whether she had collected her homework.

• Dessy asked William if/whether he could accompany her to Lippo that night.

HE ASKED MEWHEN/WHAT

etc. S + V + COMPLEMENT

b. Wh- Question Example

• DIRECTDIRECT• The girl asked me: The girl asked me:

“Where Do you come “Where Do you come from?” from?”

• My father asked my My father asked my brother: “Why did you brother: “Why did you arrive at home late last arrive at home late last night?”night?”

• Handy asked the girl: Handy asked the girl: “who is your favorite “who is your favorite movie star?movie star?

• INDIRECT • The girl asked me

where I came from.

• My father asked my brother why he had arrived at home late the night before

• Handy asked the girl what her favorite movie star was

• DIRECTDIRECT• The students said to The students said to

the teacher: “We the teacher: “We haven’t done our haven’t done our assignment.” assignment.”

• My uncle said to my My uncle said to my sister: “I cannot come sister: “I cannot come on your birthday on your birthday party next month.”party next month.”

• Patar asked Lina : Patar asked Lina : “Do you love me?”“Do you love me?”

• My father asked me:”Have you prepared for your final exam?

• Anita told Ver: “Don’t tell me more about your boyfriend!”

• My friend asked her: “Stay with me forever!”

• My headmaster asked me: “ Where do you live?”