DIGITALIZATION OF MEDICATION THERAPY...

Jan 11,

2016

IN TEG RA TIN G SMA RTPH O N E A PPS I N TO CO N TI N U U M O F CA RE

DIGITALIZATION OF MEDICATION THERAPY MANAGEMENT:

Daisy LEE (The Hong Kong Polytechnic University), Tebby LEE & Gary CHONG (United Christian Hospital)

OUTLINE

• Background• Medication Therapy Management

• Deficiency Of Medication Side Effects Counseling at HA Hospitals

• Growing Importance of Mobile Health (m-health)

• Potential Benefit of M-health

• Classification of m-Health Solutions

• Mobile MTM Opportunities in HK

• Challenges Facing M-health Adoption in HK

• Research Objective

• A Conceptual Framework of M-Health Research in HK

• Research Plan

• Implications

• Reference

Daisy LEE (The Hong Kong Polytechnic University), Tebby LEE & Gary CHONG (United Christian Hospital)2

BACKGROUND

Medication Therapy Management (MTM) • MTM is a distinct service or group of services that

optimize therapeutic outcomes for individual patients (Bluml, 2005)

• MTM consists of a broad range of professional activities and responsibilities provided by pharmacist’s or other qualified health care provider’s:• medication therapy review

• personal medical record

• medication action plan

• intervention/referral

• documentation/follow-up


BACKGROUND

Deficiency Of Medication Side Effects

Counselling at HA Hospitals

• According to the latest Patient Experience and

Satisfaction Survey (Hospital Authority, 2014), 50% of

patients reported deficiency of medication side

effects counseling when discharged from hospital.

4 Daisy LEE (The Hong Kong Polytechnic University), Tebby LEE & Gary CHONG (United Christian Hospital)

BACKGROUND

Growing Importance of M-health

• Mobile health (m-health) technology is transforming

health care delivery in the continuum of care (from

monitoring, prevention, detection of diseases, and in

more advanced services present basic diagnosis.

• Health research topics including cardiology, diabetes,

obesity, smoking cessation, elderly care and chronic

diseases have gathered important findings and

contributions from m-Health (Silva, 2015).

5

M-health is defined by Kahn et al. (2010, pp. 255) as “…..the use of

portable electronic devices for mobile voice or data communication over

a cellular or other wireless network of base stations to provide health

information”.Daisy LEE (The Hong Kong Polytechnic University), Tebby LEE & Gary CHONG (United Christian Hospital)

BACKGROUND

Potential Benefit of M-health

• Through empowerment of patient self-management,

a study by PwC (2013) estimates that “M-Health has

the potential to save the EU 99 EUR billion in

healthcare costs in 2017 and help 185 million patients

lead healthier lives”.


BACKGROUND

Classification of m-Health Solutions

Based on extant studies, Dehzad et al. (2014)

proposed a classification model for m-Health

solutions according to

• Type of technology

• Domain

• Target group


BACKGROUND

Mobile MTM Opportunities in HK

Hong Kong has the highest smartphone penetration

rate (87%) in Asia Pacific and ranks top 10 in the world

(Nielsen, 2014). It entices the opportunity of the

enhancement of MTM for HA patients through mobile

apps.


BACKGROUND

Mobile MTM Opportunities in HK• Current and emerging mobile health apps (Varshney, 2014)


BACKGROUND

Challenges Facing M-health Adoption in HK

• 2 pharmacy and drug-related information mobile

apps (one developed by HA and another one by

United Christian Hospital) available for public

hospital patients. However, total cumulative

downloads of both apps are around 30,000 in the

last 4 years since development


RESEARCH OBJECTIVE

This study aims to investigate

factors contributing to drug-

related mobile app adoption

among public hospital patients

and examine drug-related

information pertaining to

continuum of care through

mobile platform in Hong Kong.


A CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK OF M-HEALTH RESEARCH IN HK

Davis et al., (1989) formulated technology

acceptance model (TAM) that predict and explain

consumer adoption behavior and attitude towards

proliferation of the new technology.



• However, many researchers

identified that general

adoption theories of social

psychology like DOI, TPB, and

TAM cannot predict consumers'

adoption behavior for online-

based products because there

are other behavioral factors

governing the adoption

intention and behavior

(Dwivedi, 2015).



• Venkatesh et al. (2012) extended Unified Theory of

Acceptance and Use of Technology into UTAUT2

model to reflect citizens' complex behavior for m-

health adoption.


RESEARCH PLAN

• The research design incorporates self-administrated

questionnaires to be conducted at the pharmacy

of United Christian Hospital with patients who are

users and non-users of the two mobile apps

(DREAMS - Drugs Ready E-Alert Me System and

TouchMed) available to HA patients.


IMPLICATIONS

• The findings of this study will provide an insight into

the applicability of m-health adoption theories

among Chinese public hospital patients in Hong

Kong

• The findings also provide implication to HA

management to overcome barriers to m-health

adoption and transition to digitalization of

medication therapy management.


REFERENCE

Akhter Shareef, M, Kumar, V, & Kumar, U. (2014) Predicting mobile health adoption behaviour: A demand

side perspective. Journal Of Customer Behaviour, 13, 3, pp. 187-205.

Bluml, B. M. (2005). Definition of medication therapy management: development of professionwide

consensus. JAPHA-WASHINGTON-, 45(5), 566.

Davis, F. D., Bagozzi, R. P., & Warshaw, P. R. (1989). User acceptance of computer technology: a comparison

of two theoretical models. Management science, 35(8), 982-1003.

Dehzad, F., Hilhorst, C., de Bie, C. and Claassen, E. (2014) Adopting Health Apps, What’s Hindering Doctors

and Patients? Health, 6, 2204-2217

Dwivedi, Y. K., Shareef, M. A., Simintiras, A. C., Lal, B., & Weerakkody, V. (2015). A generalised adoption

model for services: a cross-country comparison of mobile health (m-health). Government Information

Quarterly.

Hospital Authority (2014). 2013 Hospital-based Patient Experience and Satisfaction Survey. Hospital Authority

Kahn, J. G., Yang, J. S., & Kahn, J. S. (2010). ‘Mobile' health needs and opportunities in developing

countries. Health Affairs, 29(2), 252-258.

PwC (2013) Socio-Economic Impact of mHealth: An Assessment Report for the European Union. London.

Silva, B. M., Rodrigues, J. J., de la Torre Díez, I., Ló pez-Coronado, M., & Saleem, K. (2015). Mobile-health: a

review of current state in 2015. Journal of biomedical informatics, 56, 265-272.

Nielsen (2014). The asian mobile consumer decoded. Available at:

http://www.nielsen.com/ph/en/insights/news/2014/asian-mobile-consumers.html (Accessed: 30

December 2015).

Varshney, U. (2014). Mobile health: Four emerging themes of research. Decision Support Systems, 66, 20-35.

Venkatesh, V., Thong, J. Y., & Xu, X. (2012). Consumer acceptance and use of information technology:

extending the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology. MIS quarterly, 36(1), 157-178.


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